Reverted back sources content. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
2602:252:d3a:f4c0:b5f2:b840:f5b7:4d6c (talk) No edit summary |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{other uses|Gülbahar}} |
|||
{{Distinguish|Emine Gülbahar Hatun|Ayşe Hatun}} |
|||
{{Infobox person |
{{Infobox person |
||
|name = Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun<br />گل بهار خاتون |
|name = Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun<br />گل بهار خاتون |
||
|image = Gulbahar Hatun Camii3.Jpg |
|image = Gulbahar Hatun Camii3.Jpg |
||
|image_size = 255px |
|image_size = 255px |
||
|caption = |
|caption = The tomb of "Gülbahar Hatun" is located inside "Gülbahar Hatun Mosque" in [[Trabzon]] |
||
|birth_name = |
|birth_name = [[A'isha|Ayşe (A'ishā)]] |
||
|birth_date = {{circa}} 1453 |
|||
|birth_date = {{circa}} (?)<ref name="Gül-Bahar">[http://web.archive.org/web/20060502150736/http://www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey4.htm The Imperial House of Osman 4]</ref> |
|||
|birth_place = [[ |
|birth_place = [[Elbistan]], [[Beylik of Dulkadir|Dulkadir Principality]] |
||
|death_date = {{circa}} 1505 |
|||
|death_date = 19 November 1505{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} or 1510.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} |
|||
|death_place = [[Trabzon]], [[Ottoman Empire]] |
|death_place = [[Trabzon]], [[Ottoman Empire]] |
||
|death_cause = |
|death_cause = |
||
Line 15: | Line 13: | ||
|resting_place_coordinates = |
|resting_place_coordinates = |
||
|residence = [[Amasya]], [[Trabzon]] |
|residence = [[Amasya]], [[Trabzon]] |
||
|ethnicity = |
|ethnicity = [[Turkish people|Turkish]] |
||
|religion = [[Islam]] |
|religion = [[Islam]] |
||
|known_for = [[ |
|known_for = [[Valide Sultan]] |
||
|spouse = [[Bayezid II]] |
|spouse = [[Bayezid II]] |
||
|partner = |
|partner = |
||
|children = [[Selim I]] |
|children = [[Selim I]] |
||
|parents = The daughter of |
|parents = The daughter of ’Ala ud-Daula Bozkurd Bey ''(Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey)'', the eleventh ruler of the [[Dulkadirids]] |
||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Gülbahar Hatun'''<ref>Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları ''(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)'', 15th Ed., 2009, page 157, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2</ref> |
'''Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun''' (fully ''Devletlu İsmetlu Gülbahar Hatun Hazretleri''; {{lang-ota|گل بهار خاتون}}; {{circa}} 1453 – {{circa}} 1505<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13">{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20060502150908/http://www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey6.htm|title=Turkey: The Imperial House of Osman|publisher=web.archive.org|accessdate=6 February 2014}}</ref>), also known as '''A'ishā (Ayşe) Khātun'''<ref>Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları ''(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)'', 15th Ed., 2009, page 157, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2</ref> was the fourth wife of [[List of Sultans of the Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Sultan]] [[Bayezid II]] and the mother of Sultan [[Selim I]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Ahmed Akgündüz, Said Öztürk|title=Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=WKfIAgAAQBAJ|year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-9-090-26108-9}}</ref> |
||
[[File:Levni. Portrait of Bayezid II. 1703-30 Topkapi Saray museum.jpg|thumb|200px|left|The husband of "Kül-Bahār ''(A’ishā)'' Khātûn", [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Bayezid II]].]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
[[File:I Selim.jpg|thumb|262px|The son of "Kül-Bahār ''(A’ishā)'' Khātûn" [[Selim I|Yavuz Sultan Selim Khan]], the husband of [[Hafsa Sultan|Ayşe Hafsa ''(Ayishā Hâfize)'']] [[Valide sultan]] and [[Ayşe Hatun II|"A’ishā ''(Ayşe)'' Khātûn II"]].]] |
|||
[[File:Gulbahar Hatun Camii5.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Dome of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque.]] |
|||
[[File:Gulbahar Hatun Camii6.jpg|thumb|262px|Courtyard of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque, [[Trabzon]], [[Turkey]].]] |
|||
[[File:Gulbahar Hatun Camii1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Interior view of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque located in [[Trabzon]], [[Turkey]].]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
== Origins == |
== Origins == |
||
Gülbahar Hatun and Ayşe Hatun were never different women. The theory of Gülbahar Hatun's origins make her a different women from Ayşe Hatun as both women had same maiden name, ''Ayşe'' in both the origins and were also married in the same year. The theories of her background are: |
|||
There have been two theories: |
|||
* |
* The Ottoman inscription (vakfiye) describes her as ''Hātun binti Abd-us-Samed (Daughter of Abd-us-Samed)'', which supports the widespread view that her father was a [[Pontic Greek]] who had "turned Turk", that is converted to Islam and joined the Turkish [[Millet]]. ''Abd-us-Samed'', meaning ''Servant of God'', was the [[anonym]] that was applied to many Balkan and Anatolian Christians who converted to Islam in the classical Ottoman period.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enfal.de/otarih44.htm|title=Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)|publisher = Ottoman Web Page}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony Dolphin Alerson|title=The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty|url=http://books.google.com/books?u75BAAAAYAAJ|year=1956|publisher=Clarendon Press}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | * According to |
||
⚫ | |||
http://www.osmanli.org.tr/osmanlisultanlari-5-218.html|title=Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim|publisher=Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı ''(Ottoman Research Foundation)''}}</ref><ref name="leslie"/><ref>{{citation |last=Dijkema|first=F.TH|year=1977|title=The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne|place=|publisher=BRILL|page=32|isbn=9004050620}}</ref> She was the fourth wife of [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Bayezid II]] and died in 1505. |
|||
The origin described above is also described for [[Emine Gülbahar Hatun]], wife of [[Mehmed the Conqueror]], mother of Sultan [[Bayezid II]] and the grandmother of Sultan [[Selim I]]. The origin described below is the most acceptable origin of Gülbahar Hatun. |
|||
The two theories have been a matter of debate between historians. <ref>{{citation |last=Bozbora|first=Nuray|year=1997|title=Osmanlı yönetiminde Arnavutluk ve Arnavut ulusçuluğu'nun gelişimi|page=60}}</ref><ref>https://books.google.al/books?id=hslOx5bvOzkC&dq=ottoman+empire&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwihnLyU2uXJAhUGkA8KHcuLCiQQ6AEIJjAC</ref><ref>https://books.google.al/books?id=A3Fbqm9v6ssC&dq=ottoman+empire&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjup_G-2uXJAhWGvA8KHWk8DFw4ggEQ6AEIOzAI</ref> |
|||
⚫ | * According to this origin (most sources have claimed that) she was the daughter of ''Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey'', the eleventh ruler of the [[Dulkadirids]] centered around [[Elbistan]] in ''[[Kahramanmaraş]]''. Her real name was Ayşe and was renamed Gülbahar after her marriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1280/yavuz-sultan-selim-han.html|title=Yavuz Sultan Selim Han|accessdate=2009-02-06| |
||
⚫ | |||
http://www.osmanli.org.tr/osmanlisultanlari-5-218.html|title=Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim|publisher=Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı ''(Ottoman Research Foundation)''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyete Trabzonlu simalar ve Trabzon'un köklü aileleri|url=http://books.google.com/books?HYYXAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Mehmet Akif Bal|isbn=978-9-750-04510-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Yakın Çağda Kahramanmaraş|url=http://books.google.com/books?ECpRAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Ukde|isbn=978-6-055-60205-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Zamanın İskenderi şarkın Fatihi: Yavuz Sultan Selim|url=http://books.google.com/books?lA9NAQAAIAAJ|year=2010|publisher=Yitik Hazine Yayınları|isbn=978-9-944-76624-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=VII-XVI. asırlarda Maraş emirleri: emir, melik, bey, senyör, beylerbeyi, sancakbeyi|url=http://books.google.com/books?nq43AQAAIAAJ|year=2008|publisher=Ukde|isbn=978-6-058-99710-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Amasya|url=http://books.google.com/books?NjpIAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Amasya Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issue 153|url=http://books.google.com/books?NEBpAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı}}</ref><ref name="leslie"/><ref>{{citation |last=Dijkema|first=F.TH|year=1977|title=The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne|place=|publisher=BRILL|page=32|isbn=9004050620}}</ref> |
|||
== Life == |
== Life == |
||
Bayezid married her in 1469 at [[Amasya]]. When Bayezid was still a şehzade ("Ottoman prince") and the governor of Amasya sanjak when she gave birth to [[Selim I]] in 1470. When Mehmed the Conqueror died in 1481, Bayezid moved to Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, along with his family to ascend the throne. |
Bayezid married her in 1469 at [[Amasya]]. When Bayezid was still a şehzade ("Ottoman prince") and the governor of Amasya sanjak when she gave birth to [[Selim I]] in 1470.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/> When Mehmed the Conqueror died in 1481, Bayezid moved to Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, along with his family to ascend the throne.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/> |
||
According to Turkish tradition, all |
According to Turkish tradition, all princes were expected to work as provincial governors (Sanjak-bey) as a part of their training.<ref name="leslie">{{cite book|author=Leslie P. Peirce|title=The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=L6-VRgVzRcUC|year=1993|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=106–107|isbn=978-0-195-08677-5}}</ref> Mothers of princes were responsible for the proper behaviour of their sons in their provincial posts.<ref name="leslie"/> In 1495 was sent to Trabzon sanjak and then in 1511 to Samandıra, and Gülbahar accompanied him.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/> |
||
However, she herself never became recognized as a [[Valide Sultan]] because she died in 1505 before Selim's accession to the sultanate.<ref>[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_4Bya-jqmZ8k/SQi1r61pr_I/AAAAAAAABYY/MP--ROz3gf8/s400/DSC03067.JPG Mausoleum of Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun)]</ref> Her tomb is located in Gülbahar Hatun Camii, [[Trabzon]].<ref name="leslie"/> It was built in 1514 in honour of his mother and was restored in 1885.<ref>[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_c3aL9SxQh9U/TTxYNvWyekI/AAAAAAAAEJM/QrkHLAryRJY/s1600/Foto-4-Camii+Giri%25C5%259F+Kap%25C4%25B1s%25C4%25B1+Levhas%25C4%25B1.JPG Description about Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun) Mosque]</ref> |
|||
=== Her tomb at the Gülbahar-Ayşe Hatun Mosque === |
|||
Her tomb is located in Gülbahar Hatun Camii in [[Trabzon]], [[Turkey]].<ref name="leslie"/> It was built in 1514 in honour of his mother and was restored in 1885.<ref>[http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_c3aL9SxQh9U/TTxYNvWyekI/AAAAAAAAEJM/QrkHLAryRJY/s1600/Foto-4-Camii+Giri%25C5%259F+Kap%25C4%25B1s%25C4%25B1+Levhas%25C4%25B1.JPG Description about Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun) Mosque]</ref> |
|||
<gallery mode="packed"> |
|||
⚫ | |||
File:Gulbahar Hatun camii4.jpg|Entrance. |
|||
File:Gulbahar Hatun Camii5.jpg|The dome. |
|||
File:Gulbahar Hatun Camii6.jpg|Courtyard. |
|||
⚫ | |||
</gallery> |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
*[[Ottoman Empire]] |
|||
*[[Ottoman family tree]] |
*[[Ottoman family tree]] |
||
*[[Ottoman dynasty]] |
|||
*[[Line of succession to the Ottoman throne]] |
*[[Line of succession to the Ottoman throne]] |
||
*[[Ottoman Emperors family tree]] (simplified) |
*[[Ottoman Emperors family tree]] (simplified) |
||
==Further reading== |
|||
*[[Leslie Peirce|Peirce, Leslie P.]], The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire, [[Oxford University Press]], 1993, ISBN 0-19-508677-5 (paperback). |
|||
*Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları ''(Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications)'', 15th Ed., 2009, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2 (Hardcover). |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Line 77: | Line 80: | ||
[[Category:15th-century women]] |
[[Category:15th-century women]] |
||
[[Category:16th-century women]] |
[[Category:16th-century women]] |
||
[[Category:Ottoman people of |
[[Category:Ottoman people of Greek descent]] |
||
[[Category:Ottoman |
[[Category:Ottoman Greeks]] |
||
[[Category:15th-century Ottoman people]] |
[[Category:15th-century Ottoman people]] |
||
[[Category:16th-century Ottoman people]] |
[[Category:16th-century Ottoman people]] |
||
Line 85: | Line 88: | ||
[[Category:Wives of Ottoman Sultans]] |
[[Category:Wives of Ottoman Sultans]] |
||
[[Category:Ottoman dynasty]] |
[[Category:Ottoman dynasty]] |
||
[[Category:Princesses]] |
Revision as of 04:19, 14 January 2016
Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun گل بهار خاتون | |
---|---|
Born | c. 1453 |
Died | c. 1505 |
Resting place | Gülbahar Hatun Camii, Trabzon |
Known for | Valide Sultan |
Spouse | Bayezid II |
Children | Selim I |
Parent(s) | The daughter of ’Ala ud-Daula Bozkurd Bey (Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey), the eleventh ruler of the Dulkadirids |
Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun (fully Devletlu İsmetlu Gülbahar Hatun Hazretleri; Ottoman Turkish: گل بهار خاتون; c. 1453 – c. 1505[1]), also known as A'ishā (Ayşe) Khātun[2] was the fourth wife of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Empire.[3]
Origins
Gülbahar Hatun and Ayşe Hatun were never different women. The theory of Gülbahar Hatun's origins make her a different women from Ayşe Hatun as both women had same maiden name, Ayşe in both the origins and were also married in the same year. The theories of her background are:
- The Ottoman inscription (vakfiye) describes her as Hātun binti Abd-us-Samed (Daughter of Abd-us-Samed), which supports the widespread view that her father was a Pontic Greek who had "turned Turk", that is converted to Islam and joined the Turkish Millet. Abd-us-Samed, meaning Servant of God, was the anonym that was applied to many Balkan and Anatolian Christians who converted to Islam in the classical Ottoman period.[1][4][5]
The origin described above is also described for Emine Gülbahar Hatun, wife of Mehmed the Conqueror, mother of Sultan Bayezid II and the grandmother of Sultan Selim I. The origin described below is the most acceptable origin of Gülbahar Hatun.
- According to this origin (most sources have claimed that) she was the daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey, the eleventh ruler of the Dulkadirids centered around Elbistan in Kahramanmaraş. Her real name was Ayşe and was renamed Gülbahar after her marriage.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
Life
Bayezid married her in 1469 at Amasya. When Bayezid was still a şehzade ("Ottoman prince") and the governor of Amasya sanjak when she gave birth to Selim I in 1470.[1] When Mehmed the Conqueror died in 1481, Bayezid moved to Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, along with his family to ascend the throne.[1]
According to Turkish tradition, all princes were expected to work as provincial governors (Sanjak-bey) as a part of their training.[14] Mothers of princes were responsible for the proper behaviour of their sons in their provincial posts.[14] In 1495 was sent to Trabzon sanjak and then in 1511 to Samandıra, and Gülbahar accompanied him.[1]
However, she herself never became recognized as a Valide Sultan because she died in 1505 before Selim's accession to the sultanate.[16] Her tomb is located in Gülbahar Hatun Camii, Trabzon.[14] It was built in 1514 in honour of his mother and was restored in 1885.[17]
See also
- Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman family tree
- Ottoman dynasty
- Line of succession to the Ottoman throne
- Ottoman Emperors family tree (simplified)
Further reading
- Peirce, Leslie P., The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire, Oxford University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-19-508677-5 (paperback).
- Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2 (Hardcover).
References
- ^ a b c d e "Turkey: The Imperial House of Osman". web.archive.org. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
- ^ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 157, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
- ^ Ahmed Akgündüz, Said Öztürk (2011). Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-9-090-26108-9.
- ^ "Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)". Ottoman Web Page.
- ^ Anthony Dolphin Alerson (1956). The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty. Clarendon Press.
- ^ "Yavuz Sultan Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ "Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation).
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyete Trabzonlu simalar ve Trabzon'un köklü aileleri. Mehmet Akif Bal. 2005. ISBN 978-9-750-04510-3.
- ^ Yakın Çağda Kahramanmaraş. Ukde. 2009. ISBN 978-6-055-60205-5.
- ^ Zamanın İskenderi şarkın Fatihi: Yavuz Sultan Selim. Yitik Hazine Yayınları. 2010. ISBN 978-9-944-76624-1.
- ^ VII-XVI. asırlarda Maraş emirleri: emir, melik, bey, senyör, beylerbeyi, sancakbeyi. Ukde. 2008. ISBN 978-6-058-99710-3.
- ^ Amasya. Amasya Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası. 1997.
- ^ Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issue 153. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı. 2004.
- ^ a b c d Leslie P. Peirce (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 106–107. ISBN 978-0-195-08677-5.
- ^ Dijkema, F.TH (1977), The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne, BRILL, p. 32, ISBN 9004050620
- ^ Mausoleum of Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun)
- ^ Description about Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun) Mosque