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{{short description|Romanian chemical engineer and communist activist}} |
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[[Image:Francisc Panet.jpg|thumb|right|Francisc Panet.]] |
[[Image:Francisc Panet.jpg|thumb|right|Francisc Panet.]] |
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'''Francisc Panet''' or '''Paneth''' (1907 – November 7, 1941) was a [[Romania]]n [[chemical engineer]] and [[communist]] activist executed by the [[Romania during World War II|pro-Nazi authorities]] during the [[Second World War]]. He was active in the [[Romanian Communist Party]] and in the [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]. |
'''Francisc Panet''' or '''Paneth''' (1907 – November 7, 1941) was a [[Romania]]n [[chemical engineer]] and [[communist]] activist executed by the [[Romania during World War II|pro-Nazi authorities]] during the [[World War II|Second World War]]. He was active in the [[Romanian Communist Party]] and in the [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]. |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Panet was born in a wealthy |
Panet was born in a wealthy Jewish family in [[Târgu Mureș]] (in [[Austria-Hungary]] at the time).<ref name=":0">Article ''"5 comuniști care pregăteau acte de sabotaj au fost condamnați la moarte și executați"'', published in newspaper "Viața", year I, nr. 223, 11 November 1941, p. 6</ref> He joined the local section of the Communist Party in the 1920s. In the early 1930s, he studied at the Deutsche Technische Hochschule in [[Brno]], [[Czechoslovakia]], where he met other two Romanian communist activists, [[Valter Roman]] and Gabriel Mureșan. According to them, Panet had a correspondence during that time with [[Albert Einstein]], even visiting him in [[Berlin]] in 1932. |
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In 1941, after the [[Operation Barbarossa|Axis attack on the Soviet Union]], Panet was part of a group tasked by the Romanian Communist Party to prepare [[explosive material]] for use in [[sabotage]] actions against [[Nazi Germany|German]] troops stationed in Romania. The group, which also included Panet's wife, Lili, Ada Marinescu, dr. Adalbert Kornhauser and Elisabeta Naghi, organized a laboratory in the bathroom of Panet's house in [[Bucharest]]. In October, the Panets were arrested by the [[ |
In 1941, after the [[Operation Barbarossa|Axis attack on the Soviet Union]], Panet was part of a group tasked by the Romanian Communist Party to prepare [[explosive material]] for use in [[sabotage]] actions against [[Nazi Germany|German]] troops stationed in Romania. The group, which also included Panet's wife, Lili, Ada Marinescu (Ada Iosipovici), dr. Adalbert Kornhauser, and Elisabeta Naghi (Erzsébet Nagy), organized a laboratory in the bathroom of Panet's house in [[Bucharest]].<ref name=":0" /> In October, the Panets were arrested by the [[Siguranța|Siguranța Statului]] (Romania's secret police) and all explosives were confiscated. |
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On November 5, 1941, the Panet couple was brought to the [[Jilava|Jilava |
On November 5, 1941, the Panet couple was brought to the [[Jilava|Jilava Prison]]. The next day, after a two-hour-long summary trial by the [[Court Martial]] of the Military Command of Bucharest, the members of the Panet group were sentenced to death for membership in the Communist Party and for "subversive activity against the security of the state". On November 7, the Panets were executed by a firing squad in a forest near [[Jilava Prison]]. According to a sergeant who participated in the execution, quoted by Vasile Vaida (a cellmate), Francisc Panet began to sing "[[The Internationale]]" before being shot. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[ |
*[[Ștefan Plavăț]] |
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*[[Filimon Sârbu]] |
*[[Filimon Sârbu]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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*Valter Roman, "Albert Einstein — Francisc Panet", in ''Evocări'', Editura Eminescu, București, 1980, pp. 13–26. |
*[[Valter Roman]], "Albert Einstein — Francisc Panet", in ''Evocări'', Editura Eminescu, București, 1980, pp. 13–26. |
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* Nicolae Balint, [http://www.ziaruldemures.ro/fullnews.php?ID=3923 "Întâlnire cu Einstein" ("Meeting with Einstein")] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928130342/http://www.ziaruldemures.ro/fullnews.php?ID=3923 |date=2007-09-28 }} in ''[[Ziarul de |
* Nicolae Balint, [http://www.ziaruldemures.ro/fullnews.php?ID=3923 "Întâlnire cu Einstein" ("Meeting with Einstein")] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928130342/http://www.ziaruldemures.ro/fullnews.php?ID=3923 |date=2007-09-28 }} in ''[[Ziarul de Mureș]]'', September 19, 2005. |
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{{authority control}} |
{{authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Panet, Francisc}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Panet, Francisc}} |
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[[Category:1941 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Târgu Mureș]] |
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[[Category:20th-century Romanian engineers]] |
[[Category:20th-century Romanian engineers]] |
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[[Category:Romanian |
[[Category:Romanian Communist Party politicians]] |
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[[Category:Romanian World War II resistance members]] |
[[Category:Romanian World War II resistance members]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Jewish resistance members during the Holocaust]] |
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[[Category:Inmates of Jilava Prison]] |
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[[Category:People executed by Romania by firing squad]] |
[[Category:People executed by Romania by firing squad]] |
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[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Romania]] |
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[[Category:Romanian civilians killed in World War II]] |
[[Category:Romanian civilians killed in World War II]] |
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[[Category:Executed Romanian people]] |
[[Category:Executed Romanian people]] |
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[[Category:People executed by the Kingdom of Romania]] |
[[Category:People executed by the Kingdom of Romania]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Executed communists]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Civilians who were court-martialed]] |
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[[Category:20th-century executions by Romania]] |
Latest revision as of 19:04, 5 May 2024
Francisc Panet or Paneth (1907 – November 7, 1941) was a Romanian chemical engineer and communist activist executed by the pro-Nazi authorities during the Second World War. He was active in the Romanian Communist Party and in the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
Life
Panet was born in a wealthy Jewish family in Târgu Mureș (in Austria-Hungary at the time).[1] He joined the local section of the Communist Party in the 1920s. In the early 1930s, he studied at the Deutsche Technische Hochschule in Brno, Czechoslovakia, where he met other two Romanian communist activists, Valter Roman and Gabriel Mureșan. According to them, Panet had a correspondence during that time with Albert Einstein, even visiting him in Berlin in 1932.
In 1941, after the Axis attack on the Soviet Union, Panet was part of a group tasked by the Romanian Communist Party to prepare explosive material for use in sabotage actions against German troops stationed in Romania. The group, which also included Panet's wife, Lili, Ada Marinescu (Ada Iosipovici), dr. Adalbert Kornhauser, and Elisabeta Naghi (Erzsébet Nagy), organized a laboratory in the bathroom of Panet's house in Bucharest.[1] In October, the Panets were arrested by the Siguranța Statului (Romania's secret police) and all explosives were confiscated.
On November 5, 1941, the Panet couple was brought to the Jilava Prison. The next day, after a two-hour-long summary trial by the Court Martial of the Military Command of Bucharest, the members of the Panet group were sentenced to death for membership in the Communist Party and for "subversive activity against the security of the state". On November 7, the Panets were executed by a firing squad in a forest near Jilava Prison. According to a sergeant who participated in the execution, quoted by Vasile Vaida (a cellmate), Francisc Panet began to sing "The Internationale" before being shot.
See also
References
- Valter Roman, "Albert Einstein — Francisc Panet", in Evocări, Editura Eminescu, București, 1980, pp. 13–26.
- Nicolae Balint, "Întâlnire cu Einstein" ("Meeting with Einstein") Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine in Ziarul de Mureș, September 19, 2005.