188.39.95.90 (talk) No edit summary |
14.136.156.23 (talk) Inaccurate order of its position. The Generality was founded in 1931 during the second Spanish republic. Prior, there was the General Council, translated to Spanish the "Diputacion General", were the name "Generalitat" comes from. In the General Council, from the XIV century to XVIII century, there were no Presidents, but ecclesiastics deputies, the official highest ran at the time. Thus, the 1st president as the Genralitat is Francesc Macià |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1933|12|25|1859|10|21|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], [[Second Spanish Republic|Spanish Republic]]
| office = [[File:Seal of the Generalitat of Catalonia.svg|30px]]<br />
| term_start = 14 December 1932
| term_end = 25 December 1933
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'''Francesc Macià i Llussà''' ({{IPA-ca|frənˈsɛsk məsiˈa|lang}}; 21 September 1859 – 25 December 1933)<!--full dates in infobox, per MOS--> was the
==Life==
|
Revision as of 18:25, 17 May 2018
Francesc Macià i Llussà | |
---|---|
1st [verification needed] President of the Generalitat de Catalunya | |
In office 14 December 1932 – 25 December 1933 | |
Preceded by | Josep de Vilamala |
Succeeded by | Lluís Companys |
3rd Acting President of the Catalan Republic | |
In office 14 April 1931 – 17 April 1931 | |
Preceded by | Baldomer Lostau In 1873 |
Succeeded by | Lluís Companys In 1934 |
Acting President of the Generalitat de Catalunya | |
In office 17 April 1931 – 14 December 1932 | |
Preceded by | himself As Acting President of the Catalan Republic |
Succeeded by | himself As President of the Generalitat de Catalunya |
Personal details | |
Born | Vilanova i la Geltrú, Catalonia, Kingdom of Spain | 21 September 1859
Died | 25 December 1933 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spanish Republic | (aged 74)
Political party | Estat Català Republican Left of Catalonia |
Spouse | Eugènia Lamarca i de Mier |
Francesc Macià i Llussà (Catalan: [frənˈsɛsk məsiˈa]; 21 September 1859 – 25 December 1933) was the 1st [verification needed] President of Catalonia and formerly an officer in the Spanish Army.[1][2]
Life
Francesc Macià i Llussà was born in Vilanova i la Geltrú, Catalonia. He achieved the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Spanish army during his military career. He condemned the assault of the politically satirical Catalan journal Cu-Cut in 1905 by some Spanish army officers and was forced to abandon the army.[3]
He was representative for Barcelona and Borges Blanques (Lleida) in the Congress of Deputies from 1907 to 1923, initialy by the electoral coalition Catalan Solidarity. During the last years as politician in Madrid he moved from Catalan autonomist to independentist positions.
In 1922 he founded the independentist party Estat Català.[4]
In 1926 he attempted an insurrection against the Spanish dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera. This uprising, the aim of which was to achieve the independence of Catalonia, was based in Prats de Molló (Roussillon, southern France).[5] He was arrested in France for this and was convicted and sentenced to two months in jail and a fine of 100 francs. Macià left France for Brussels in March 1927. In April 1930 he returned to Spain after being pardoned; he was exiled again but returned once more in February 1931.[6]
In 1931, after the elections that caused the exile of Alfonso XIII of Spain and gave the local majority to his party Republican Left of Catalonia (Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya, ERC), few hours before the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic in Madrid, from the balcony of the Palace of the Generalitat (then the seat of the Provincial Deputation of Barcelona), proclaimed the "Catalan Republic, expecting that the other peoples of Spain constitute themselves as republics, in order to establish the Iberian Confederation". Macià was appointed as its acting president. Three days later, the government of the new Spanish Republic, sent three ministers (Fernando de los Ríos, Lluís Nicolau d'Olwer and Marcel·lí Domingo) to Barcelona to negotiate with Macià and the Catalan government. Macià reached an agreement with the ministers, in which the Catalan Republic was renamed Generalitat of Catalonia, becoming an autonomous government inside the Spanish Republic. Macià was the President of Generalitat from 1932, after the first Catalan parliamentary election, until his death in December 1933.
Death
He died on 25 December 1933 in Barcelona. His funeral caused a massive demonstration of grief.[3] His remains rest in the Plaça de la Fe, the Montjuïc Cemetery, in Barcelona's Montjuïc hill.
Documentation
In the National Archive of Catalonia preserved part of his personal collection, which consists of documentation image about the president travels throughout Catalonia and family snapshots. They are a repository of Mrs. Teresa Peyrí i Macià. The fund contains documents generated and received by Francesc Macià, personal and family documents, correspondence from the period before the Second Spanish Republic (until April 1931) and documentation produced primarily in terms of its political activity. The fund brings together documents relating to his conduct before being named president of the Generalitat of Catalonia (1907-1931): As a Member of Parliament (speeches, proclamations, and conference reports) on Catalan State (organization, reports, proclamations, calls, publications, etc.), on Catalan Army (constitution, rules and organization, information mapping and geographic pathways) and on the corresponding period in the Directory of General Primo de Rivera. Finally, note the collection of photographs made in mostly pictures of presidential time. Another part of his personal archive, which consists of correspondence written to/by Joan Agell, documents of Centre Català in New York, diverse documentation and press clippings. It is located in the Pavelló de la República CRAI Library - University of Barcelona.
See also
References
- ^ "Francesc Macià i Llussà". Catalan Encyclopaedia. March 22, 2014.
- ^ Masanés, Cristina (October 2009). "Els orígens del mite". Sapiens (in Catalan). 84.
- ^ a b Esculies, Joan (October 2012). "El cavaller de l'ideal". Sàpiens (in Catalan). 121. Barcelona: 22–28. ISSN 1695-2014.
- ^ Esculies, Joan (December 2013). "Macià, el paradigma dels conversors a l'independentisme". Ara (in Catalan): 12.
- ^ «Qui va trair Macià?» by Jordi Finestres and Giovanni Cattini, Sàpiens volume 84 (october 2009)
- ^ "Bowers Sends Condolences". The New York Times. December 26, 1933. p. 15. Retrieved April 4, 2015.