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Importing Wikidata short description: "Military conflict in Sudan (1955–1972)" (Shortdesc helper) |
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{{Short description|Military conflict in Sudan (1955–1972)}} |
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The insurgents gradually developed into a secessionist movement composed of the 1955 mutineers and southern students. These groups formed the ''[[Anyanya]]'' guerrilla army. (Anyanya is also known as ''Anyanya 1'' in comparison to [[Second Sudanese Civil War|Anyanya 2]], which began with the 1974 mutiny of the military garrison in [[Akobo, Sudan|Akobo]].) Starting from [[Equatoria]], between 1963 and 1969, Anyanya spread throughout the other two southern provinces: [[Upper Nile, Sudan|Upper Nile]] and [[Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)|Bahr al Ghazal]] *and provided heavy pressure on the Northern army's ability to properly maneuver.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Leach, Justin D., author.|title=War and politics in Sudan : cultural identities and the challenges of the peace process|isbn=978-1-78076-227-2|chapter=Ch 5|date=26 November 2012|oclc=793689710}}</ref> However, the separatist movement was crippled by internal ethnic divisions between the "Nilotic" and "Equatorian" groups.<ref name=":0" /> O'Ballance writes that one of the [[Sudanese army]]'s four infantry brigades had been stationed in [[Equatoria Province]] since 1955, being periodically reinforced as required.{{sfn|OBallance|1977|p=62}} |
The insurgents gradually developed into a secessionist movement composed of the 1955 mutineers and southern students. These groups formed the ''[[Anyanya]]'' guerrilla army. (Anyanya is also known as ''Anyanya 1'' in comparison to [[Second Sudanese Civil War|Anyanya 2]], which began with the 1974 mutiny of the military garrison in [[Akobo, Sudan|Akobo]].) Starting from [[Equatoria]], between 1963 and 1969, Anyanya spread throughout the other two southern provinces: [[Upper Nile, Sudan|Upper Nile]] and [[Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)|Bahr al Ghazal]] *and provided heavy pressure on the Northern army's ability to properly maneuver.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Leach, Justin D., author.|title=War and politics in Sudan : cultural identities and the challenges of the peace process|isbn=978-1-78076-227-2|chapter=Ch 5|date=26 November 2012|oclc=793689710}}</ref> However, the separatist movement was crippled by internal ethnic divisions between the "Nilotic" and "Equatorian" groups.<ref name=":0" /> O'Ballance writes that one of the [[Sudanese army]]'s four infantry brigades had been stationed in [[Equatoria Province]] since 1955, being periodically reinforced as required.{{sfn|OBallance|1977|p=62}} |
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However, the government was unable to take advantage of the rebel's weaknesses because of their own factionalism and instability. The first independent government of Sudan, led by Prime Minister [[Ismail al-Azhari]], was quickly replaced by a stalemated coalition of various conservative forces, which was in turn overthrown in the coup d'état of Chief of Staff Brigadier [[Ibrahim Abboud]] in 1958.{{sfn|OBallance|1977| |
However, the government was unable to take advantage of the rebel's weaknesses because of their own factionalism and instability. The first independent government of Sudan, led by Prime Minister [[Ismail al-Azhari]], was quickly replaced by a stalemated coalition of various conservative forces, which was in turn overthrown in the coup d'état of Chief of Staff Brigadier [[Ibrahim Abboud]] in 1958.{{sfn|OBallance|1977|pp=48–49}} |
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=== October 1964 protests === |
=== October 1964 protests === |