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{{for|the Irish language scholar who served as the first President of Ireland|Douglas Hyde}} |
{{for|the Irish language scholar who served as the first President of Ireland|Douglas Hyde}} |
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'''Douglas Arnold Hyde''' (8 April 1911, [[Worthing]], [[Sussex]] – 19 September 1996, [[Kingston upon Thames]])<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-douglas-hyde-1365102.html Obituary: Douglas Hyde]. ''The Independent''. Author - Kevin Morgan. Published 26 September 1996. Retrieved 30 July 2018.</ref> was an English political journalist and writer. A [[communist]], he was the news editor of the ''[[Daily Worker (UK)|Daily Worker]]'' until 1948, when he resigned and converted to [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]. He gained an international reputation in the late 1940s and 1950s as a prominent and outspoken critic of communism. |
'''Douglas Arnold Hyde''' (8 April 1911, [[Worthing]], [[Sussex]] – 19 September 1996, [[Kingston upon Thames]])<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-douglas-hyde-1365102.html Obituary: Douglas Hyde]. ''The Independent''. Author - Kevin Morgan. Published 26 September 1996. Retrieved 30 July 2018.</ref> was an English political journalist and writer. A [[communist]], he was the news editor of the ''[[Daily Worker (UK)|Daily Worker]]'' until 1948, when he resigned and converted to [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]. He gained an international reputation in the late 1940s and 1950s as a prominent and outspoken critic of communism, primarily due to support from the UK government. Hyde's books and activities after denouncing communism were largely funded by the [[Information Research Department|Information Research Department (IRD)]], a secret wing of the [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|UK Foreign Office]] dedicated to misinformation, anti-communist, and pro-colonial propaganda. His book ''I Believed'' was republished by an IRD front called Ampersand, who also translated and distributed his book overseas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jenks|first=John|title=British Propaganda and News Media in the Cold War|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2006|isbn=|location=Edinburgh University Press|pages=71}}</ref> The foreign rights to his work were also owned by the British government.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lashmar|first=Paul|title=Britain’s Secret Propaganda War 1948-1977|last2=Oliver|first2=James|publisher=Sutton Publishing|year=1988|isbn=|location=Phoenix Mill|pages=100}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Mitter|first=Rana|title=Across the Block: Cold War Cultural and Social History|last2=Major|first2=Patrick|publisher=Frank Cass and Company Limited|year=2005|isbn=|location=Taylor & Francis e-library|pages=115}}</ref> |
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Hyde's book ''<nowiki/>'I Believed''<nowiki/>' is believed by historians to have been written with help from MI6 agents with histories of creating black propaganda in the form of weaponised misinformation.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jenks|first=John|title=British Propaganda and News Media in the Cold War|publisher=Edinburgh University Publishing|year=2006|isbn=|location=Edinburgh|pages=63}}</ref> |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
Revision as of 16:16, 21 January 2021
Douglas Arnold Hyde | |
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Born | |
Died | 19 September 1996 Kingston upon Thames, England | (aged 85)
Douglas Arnold Hyde (8 April 1911, Worthing, Sussex – 19 September 1996, Kingston upon Thames)[1] was an English political journalist and writer. A communist, he was the news editor of the Daily Worker until 1948, when he resigned and converted to Catholicism. He gained an international reputation in the late 1940s and 1950s as a prominent and outspoken critic of communism, primarily due to support from the UK government. Hyde's books and activities after denouncing communism were largely funded by the Information Research Department (IRD), a secret wing of the UK Foreign Office dedicated to misinformation, anti-communist, and pro-colonial propaganda. His book I Believed was republished by an IRD front called Ampersand, who also translated and distributed his book overseas.[2] The foreign rights to his work were also owned by the British government.[3][4]
Hyde's book 'I Believed' is believed by historians to have been written with help from MI6 agents with histories of creating black propaganda in the form of weaponised misinformation.[5]
Background
Hyde grew up in Bristol and was brought up as a Methodist. In his youth he was active in a number of political organisations which brought him into contact with communists. He became a Methodist lay preacher and continued this work for some time in parallel with membership of the Communist Party of Great Britain.[6] He was an early convert to communism, at age 17 in 1928.
Career
After a period working in North Wales, he moved to London in 1938 and became the news editor of the Daily Worker.[7] He announced his resignation from the newspaper and from the Communist Party of Great Britain in 1948, expressing disillusionment with the Soviet Union's post-war foreign policy.[8]
After his resignation, he converted to Catholicism and published an autobiography, I Believed: The Autobiography of a Former British Communist, detailing his political and religious journey.[9] He also wrote a book, Dedication and Leadership, about his experiences and the specific tactics of the communists especially in the way that they recruited their members and built them into leaders.[10] He embarked on international anti-communist lecturing tours, and contributed a long-running column to the Catholic Herald newspaper which was syndicated in several countries. His writings and speeches attracted considerable global attention, I Believed: The Autobiography of a Former British Communist, selling over one million copies in its first ten years of publication.[11]
Later life and death
Hyde was sympathetic to the emergence of liberation theology, and was dismayed by Pope John Paul II's opposition to it. He became disillusioned with and distanced himself from the Catholic Church in the 1980s and 1990s, listing himself as an "agnostic Christian" on his last hospital admission form. He blocked the republication of his book I Believed, claiming it no longer represented his views. He was on good terms with several veterans of the Communist Party of Great Britain such as former MP Phil Piratin in the years before his death in 1996.[12] The Catholic Herald obituary noted that Hyde, a former assistant editor of the newspaper, "ended his life no longer a practising Catholic, but with a renewed interest in Socialism".[13]
Works
- I Believed: The Autobiography of a Former British Communist, William Heinemann, London, Melbourne, Toronto, 1950. German translation Anders als ich glaubte, Herder, Freiburg, 1957 (=Herder-Bücherei, No. 1).
- The Answer to Communism, Paternoster Publications, London, 1949.
- Communism from the Inside, Catholic Truth Society, London, 1949.
- Communism and the Home, Catholic Truth Society, London, 1950.
- God's Bandit: The Story of Don Orione, "Father of the Poor", Peter Davies, London, 1952. Italian (1955), French (1956), German (1957) and Polish (1980) translations.
- Communism at Work, Catholic Truth Society, London, 1953.
- Red Star Versus the Cross: The Pattern of Persecution (with Francis Dufay), Paternoster Publications, London, 1954
- One Front across the World, William Heinemann, London. 1955; Newman Press, Westminster, Maryland, 1956.
- The Mind behind New China, Phoenix House, London, 1956.
- Dedication and Leadership, University of Notre Dame Press, 1956. There is a 1992 edition.
- The Peaceful Assault: The Pattern of Subversion. A Background Book, The Bodley Head, London, 1963.
- The Roots of Guerilla Warfare. A Background Book, The Bodley Head, London, 1965.
- Confrontation in the East. A Background Book, The Bodley Head, London, 1965.
- The Troubled Continent: A New Look at Latin America, Pflaum Press, Dayton, Ohio, 1967.
- Communism Today, Gill and Macmillan, Dublin, 1972; University of Notre Dame Press, 1973.
See also
Footnotes
- ^ Obituary: Douglas Hyde. The Independent. Author - Kevin Morgan. Published 26 September 1996. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
- ^ Jenks, John (2006). British Propaganda and News Media in the Cold War. Edinburgh University Press: Edinburgh University Press. p. 71.
- ^ Lashmar, Paul; Oliver, James (1988). Britain’s Secret Propaganda War 1948-1977. Phoenix Mill: Sutton Publishing. p. 100.
- ^ Mitter, Rana; Major, Patrick (2005). Across the Block: Cold War Cultural and Social History. Taylor & Francis e-library: Frank Cass and Company Limited. p. 115.
- ^ Jenks, John (2006). British Propaganda and News Media in the Cold War. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Publishing. p. 63.
- ^ Hyde I Believed; chapters 1-4
- ^ Hyde I Believed; chapters 5-7
- ^ British Movietone, "DOUGLAS HYDE RETIRES FROM THE "DAILY WORKER", http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/fe8678d0004c4c1e9a410a4cc491d372, 25 March 1948. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
- ^ Kevin Morgan. "Obituary: Douglas Hyde", The Independent, London, 29 September 1996
- ^ Gary North. "Mother Teresa: The Efficiency of Self-Sacrifice", LewRockwell.com
- ^ Kevin Morgan, ‘Douglas Hyde (1911-1996), campaigner and journalist’ in Keith Gildart and David Howell, eds, Dictionary of Labour Biography, XIII, Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, p. 168.
- ^ Kevin Morgan, ‘Douglas Hyde (1911-1996), campaigner and journalist’ in Keith Gildart and David Howell, eds, Dictionary of Labour Biography, XIII, Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, p. 173.
- ^ Catholic Herald, 4 October 1996.