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*That he uses the term "quantum healing" as a metaphor, see Richard Dawkins, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsH1U7zSp7k "Interview with Chopra"], ''The Enemies of Reason'', [http://www.channel4.com/programmes/the-enemies-of-reason Channel 4 (UK)], 2007, 01:16 mins.</ref> He has equated [[spontaneous remission]] in cancer to a jump to this new level of consciousness.<ref>Chopra 2009, [http://books.google.com/books?id=0SPiUOU_fIQC&pg=PA15 p. 15]: "[The patient] knows that he will be healed, and he feels that the force responsible is inside himself but not limited to him – it extends beyond his personal boundaries, throughout all of nature. ... At that moment, such patients apparently jump to a new level of consciousness that prohibits the existence of cancer."</ref> Physicists have criticized his use of terms from quantum physics as misleading and inapplicable to healthcare; physicist [[Robert L. Park]] argues that if Chopra's ideas are substituted for medical intervention, patients may be denied the prospect of effective treatment.<ref name=cancer>Park 2000, [http://books.google.com/books?id=XImEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA137 p. 137].</ref> |
*That he uses the term "quantum healing" as a metaphor, see Richard Dawkins, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsH1U7zSp7k "Interview with Chopra"], ''The Enemies of Reason'', [http://www.channel4.com/programmes/the-enemies-of-reason Channel 4 (UK)], 2007, 01:16 mins.</ref> He has equated [[spontaneous remission]] in cancer to a jump to this new level of consciousness.<ref>Chopra 2009, [http://books.google.com/books?id=0SPiUOU_fIQC&pg=PA15 p. 15]: "[The patient] knows that he will be healed, and he feels that the force responsible is inside himself but not limited to him – it extends beyond his personal boundaries, throughout all of nature. ... At that moment, such patients apparently jump to a new level of consciousness that prohibits the existence of cancer."</ref> Physicists have criticized his use of terms from quantum physics as misleading and inapplicable to healthcare; physicist [[Robert L. Park]] argues that if Chopra's ideas are substituted for medical intervention, patients may be denied the prospect of effective treatment.<ref name=cancer>Park 2000, [http://books.google.com/books?id=XImEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA137 p. 137].</ref> |
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Chopra |
Chopra acknowledges that [[AIDS]] is caused by the [[HIV virus]], but writes that, from the point of view of Ayurvedic medicine, disease is a failure of intelligence: "'Hearing' the virus in its vicinity, the DNA mistakes it for a friendly or compatible sound ... This is a believable explanation once one realizes that DNA, which the virus is exploiting, is itself a bundle of vibrations." The Ayurvedic remedy is to use "primordial sound," known as [[Shruti (music)|''Shruti'']], to correct the distortion. Medical professor Lawrence Schneiderman writes that, "to put it mildly, Dr. Chopra proposes a treatment and prevention program for AIDS that has no supporting empirical data".<ref>Chopra 2009, pp. 237, 239–241; {{cite journal|pmid=12964263|year=2003|author=Lawrence J. Schneiderman|title=The (Alternative) Medicalization of Life|volume=31|issue=2|page=192|journal=Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics |doi=10.1111/j.1748-720X.2003.tb00080.x}}</ref> |
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Of the aging process, Chopra has written that it is to some extent reversible – accelerated by the accumulation of toxins in the body (including toxic emotions), and slowed down by physical exercise, good nutrition, meditation and love.<ref>Deepak Chopra, ''Ageless Body, Timeless Mind: The Quantum Alternative to Growing Old'', Three Rivers Press, 1994, p. viii.</ref><!--Making this invisible until a different source is found; currently can only see Wheen saying it: Actress [[Demi Moore]] said she believed she might attain the age of 130 by following his teachings, and Chopra himself has said he expects to live beyond 100.<ref name="Wheen2005">{{cite book|author=Francis Wheen|title=How Mumbo-Jumbo Conquered the World: A Short History of Modern Delusions|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zFjebcPiBdwC&pg=PA46|date=6 July 2005|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=978-0-7867-2352-2|pages=46–}}</ref><ref name=mumbo>{{cite news |title=Junk medicine; The triumph of mumbo jumbo |type=Book review |author=Mark Henderson|newspaper=The Times |date=7 February 2004 |page=4|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/article1787268.ece}}<ref name=LoI>{{cite journal |journal=Forbes |title=Lord of immortality |type=Book review |year=1994 |last=Moukheiber |first=Zina |volume=153 |issue=8 |page=132}}</ref>--> |
Of the aging process, Chopra has written that it is to some extent reversible – accelerated by the accumulation of toxins in the body (including toxic emotions), and slowed down by physical exercise, good nutrition, meditation and love.<ref>Deepak Chopra, ''Ageless Body, Timeless Mind: The Quantum Alternative to Growing Old'', Three Rivers Press, 1994, p. viii.</ref><!--Making this invisible until a different source is found; currently can only see Wheen saying it: Actress [[Demi Moore]] said she believed she might attain the age of 130 by following his teachings, and Chopra himself has said he expects to live beyond 100.<ref name="Wheen2005">{{cite book|author=Francis Wheen|title=How Mumbo-Jumbo Conquered the World: A Short History of Modern Delusions|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zFjebcPiBdwC&pg=PA46|date=6 July 2005|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=978-0-7867-2352-2|pages=46–}}</ref><ref name=mumbo>{{cite news |title=Junk medicine; The triumph of mumbo jumbo |type=Book review |author=Mark Henderson|newspaper=The Times |date=7 February 2004 |page=4|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/article1787268.ece}}<ref name=LoI>{{cite journal |journal=Forbes |title=Lord of immortality |type=Book review |year=1994 |last=Moukheiber |first=Zina |volume=153 |issue=8 |page=132}}</ref>--> |
Revision as of 19:39, 23 May 2014
Deepak Chopra | |
---|---|
File:Deepak Chopra MSPAC.jpg | |
Born | |
Nationality | American |
Occupation(s) | New Age and alternative-medicine advocate, physician, public speaker, writer |
Spouse | Rita Chopra |
Children | Mallika Chopra and Gotham Chopra |
Parent(s) | Krishan Chopra, Pushpa Chopra |
Website | www |
Deepak Chopra (/ˈdiːpɑːk ˈtʃoʊprə/) (born October 22, 1947) is an Indian-American author, public speaker, and licensed physician who is a prominent alternative-medicine advocate and New-Age guru.[1] The author of several dozen books and videos, he has become one of the best-known and wealthiest figures in the holistic-health movement.[2]
Chopra obtained his medical degree in India before emigrating in 1970 to the United States, where he specialized in endocrinology and became Chief of Staff at the New England Memorial Hospital (NEMH) in Stoneham, Massachusetts. In the 1980s he began practicing transcendental meditation (TM) and in 1985 resigned his position at NEHM after being invited by the leader of the TM movement, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, to establish the Maharishi Ayurveda Health Center in Lancaster, Massachusetts. Chopra left the TM movement in 1994 and, together with neurologist David Simon, founded the Chopra Center for Wellbeing in Carlsbad, California.[3]
Combining principles from Ayurveda (Hindu traditional medicine) and conventional medicine, Chopra's approach to health incorporates ideas about the mind-body relationship, teleology in nature and the primacy of consciousness over matter – that "consciousness creates reality."[4] He has written that his practices can extend the human lifespan and treat chronic disease, a position criticized by scientists, who say his treatments rely on the placebo effect, that he misuses terms and ideas from quantum physics (quantum mysticism), and that he provides people with false hope that may deny them effective medical treatment.[5]
Biography
Early life and education
Chopra was born in New Delhi, India, to Krishan Lal Chopra (1919–2001) and Pushpa Chopra; his mother tongue is Punjabi (his first name, Deepak, means light).[6] His paternal grandfather was a sergeant in the British Army. His father was a prominent cardiologist, head of the department of medicine and cardiology at New Delhi's Mool Chand Khairati Ram Hospital for over 25 years; he was also a lieutenant in the British army, serving as an army doctor at the front at Burma and acting as a medical adviser to Lord Mountbatten, viceroy of India.[7] As of 2014 Chopra's younger brother, Sanjiv, is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and on staff at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.[8]
Chopra completed his primary education at St. Columba's School in New Delhi and graduated from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in 1969.[3] He spent his first months as a doctor working in rural India, including, he writes, six months in a village where the lights went out whenever it rained.[9] It was during his early career that he was drawn to study endocrinology, particularly neuroendocrinology, to find a biological basis for the influence of thoughts and emotions.[10]
Deepak married in India in 1970; the couple have two children and three grandchildren.[11] That year he and his wife emigrated to the United States, where Chopra undertook a clinical internship at Muhlenberg Hospital in Plainfield, New Jersey, and completed his residency at the Lahey Clinic in Burlington, Massachusetts, and the University of Virginia Hospital.[3] He earned his license to practice medicine in the state of Massachusetts in 1973, becoming board-certified in internal medicine and specializing in endocrinology.[12] He received his California medical licence in 2004.[13]
East Coast years
Chopra taught at the medical schools of Tufts University, Boston University and Harvard University, and became Chief of Staff at the New England Memorial Hospital (later known as the Boston Regional Medical Center) in Stoneham, Massachusetts, before establishing a private practice in Boston in endocrinology.[3]
While visiting New Delhi in 1981, he met the physician Brihaspati Dev Triguna, head of the Indian council for Ayurvedic medicine, whose advice prompted him to begin investigating Ayurvedic medicine.[14] Chopra was smoking heavily at the time and making himself ill: "[M]y days were blurring into nights. I was drinking black coffee by the hour and smoking at least a pack of cigarettes a day. I had acquired a taste for whisky in the evening. My schedule kept my stomach upset all the time."[15] He decided to take up transcendental meditation to help him stop; as of 2006 he continued to meditate for two hours every morning and half an hour in the evening.[16]
His involvement with TM led to a meeting, in 1984, with the leader of the TM movement, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, who asked him to establish an Ayurvedic health center.[17] He left his position at the NEMH to become the founding president of the American Association of Ayurvedic Medicine, one of the founders of Maharishi Ayur-Veda Products International, which sold Ayurvedic remedies, and medical director of the Maharishi Ayur-veda Health Center in Lancaster, Massachusetts. The center charged between $2,850 and $3,950 a week, offering Ayurvedic cleansing rituals such as massage, enemas and oil baths, with an extra charge of $1,000 for lessons in transcendental meditation. Celebrity patients included Elizabeth Taylor.[18]
Chopra said that one of the reasons he left mainstream medicine was his disenchantment at having to prescribe too many drugs: "I think it was just the fact that there is a lot of frustration when all you do is prescribe medication, you start to feel like a legalized drug pusher. That doesn't mean that all prescriptions are useless, but it is true that 80 percent of all drugs prescribed today are of optional or marginal benefit."[19]
In 1989 the Maharishi awarded Chopra the title "Dhanvantari (Lord of Immortality), the keeper of perfect health for the world".[20] That year Chopra's Quantum Healing: Exploring the Frontiers of Mind/Body Medicine was published, followed in 1990 by Perfect Health: The Complete Mind/Body Guide.[21] By 1992 he was serving on the National Institute of Health's ad hoc panel on alternative medicine.[22]
In May 1991 the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published "Letter from New Delhi," an article by Chopra and two others on Ayurvedic medicine and TM.[23] JAMA subsequently published an erratum stating that the lead author, Hari M. Sharma, had undisclosed financial interests.[24] This was followed in October 1991 by a six-page article by JAMA associate editor Andrew A. Skolnick, who characterized the paper as a "thinly disguised advertisement for the Transcendental Meditation (TM) movement and its products".[25] An article in Science criticized JAMA for accepting the "shoddy science" of the original article.[26] Skolnick later outlined the chain of events in the Newsletter of the National Association of Science Writers.[27] Chopra and two TM groups sued Skolnick and JAMA for defamation, asking for $194 million in damages, but the case was dismissed in March 1993.[28]
West Coast years
In June 1993 Chopra moved to California as executive director of Sharp HealthCare's Institute for Human Potential and Mind/Body Medicine. He led their Center for Mind/Body Medicine, a clinic in an exclusive resort in Del Mar that charged $4,000 a week and included Michael Jackson's family among its clients.[29] Chopra and Jackson first met in 1988 and remained friends for 20 years; when Jackson died in 2009 after being administered prescription drugs, Chopra said he hoped it would be a call to action against the "cult of drug-pushing doctors, with their co-dependent relationships with addicted celebrities."[30]
Chopra left the Transcendental Meditation movement around the time he moved to California.[31] According to his own account, the Maharishi had accused him of competing for the position of guru.[32] Robert Todd Carroll's view is that Chopra left because being associated with the TM organization had became a hindrance to his success.[33] His name was reportedly removed from the TM movement's literature, as were his books from their health centers.[29]
Chopra's Ageless Body, Timeless Mind: The Quantum Alternative to Growing Old was published in 1993 (he was sued for copyright infringement because the book used a chart of Robert Sapolsky's without proper attribution; the issue was settled out of court).[34] The book and his friendship with Michael Jackson gained him an interview that year on The Oprah Winfrey Show and coverage in People magazine.[21] The Oprah interview made him a household name.[35]
In 1996 Sharp HealthCare changed ownership and broke off its relationship with Chopra.[36] With neurologist David Simon, Chopra founded the Chopra Center for Wellbeing at the Omni La Costa Resort and Spa in Carlsbad, California.[37] Paul Offit wrote in 2013 that Chopra's business grosses approximately $20 million annually, and is built on the sale of various alternative-medicine products such as herbal supplements, massage oils, books, videos and courses. A year's worth of products for "anti-aging" can cost up to $10,000, Offit wrote.[38]
Education, charity and advisory roles
In 2005 Chopra was appointed as a senior scientist at Gallup.[22] As of 2014 he serves as an adjunct professor at Columbia Business School and at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.[39] He participates annually as a lecturer at the Update in Internal Medicine event sponsored by Harvard Medical School and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.[40]
In 2009 he founded the Chopra Foundation to promote and research holistic medicine; the Foundation sponsors annual Sages and Scientists conferences.[41] He sits on the board of advisors of the National Ayurvedic Medical Association and the tech startup State.com.[42] Since 2005 he has been a board member of Men's Wearhouse, a men's clothing distributor.[43] In 2006 he launched Virgin Comics LLC with his son, Gotham Chopra, and entrepreneur Richard Branson.[44]
Ideas and reception
Consciousness
The basic quest always is "Who am I?" How do you define "I"? The real "I" was never born and never died. It has no definition in space, no boundaries in time, it's eternal, it is unborn and it does not die.
— Deepak Chopra[45]
Ptolemy Tompkins wrote in Time magazine in 2008 that Chopra's reputation had developed from that of a healer to a public philosopher.[46] He is a philosophical idealist, arguing for the primacy of consciousness over matter and for purpose and intelligence in nature – that mind, or "dynamically active consciousness," is a fundamental feature of the universe.[47]
It is consciousness, he writes, that creates reality; we are not "physical machines that have somehow learned to think ... [but] thoughts that have learned to create a physical machine."[48] He argues that the evolution of species is the evolution of consciousness seeking to express itself as multiple observers; the universe experiences itself through our brains: "We are the eyes of the universe looking at itself."[49]
Quantum healing
In his discussions of healthcare Chopra uses the term "quantum healing," defined as the "ability of one mode of consciousness (the mind) to spontaneously correct the mistakes in another mode of consciousness (the body)."[50] He has equated spontaneous remission in cancer to a jump to this new level of consciousness.[51] Physicists have criticized his use of terms from quantum physics as misleading and inapplicable to healthcare; physicist Robert L. Park argues that if Chopra's ideas are substituted for medical intervention, patients may be denied the prospect of effective treatment.[52]
Chopra acknowledges that AIDS is caused by the HIV virus, but writes that, from the point of view of Ayurvedic medicine, disease is a failure of intelligence: "'Hearing' the virus in its vicinity, the DNA mistakes it for a friendly or compatible sound ... This is a believable explanation once one realizes that DNA, which the virus is exploiting, is itself a bundle of vibrations." The Ayurvedic remedy is to use "primordial sound," known as Shruti, to correct the distortion. Medical professor Lawrence Schneiderman writes that, "to put it mildly, Dr. Chopra proposes a treatment and prevention program for AIDS that has no supporting empirical data".[53]
Of the aging process, Chopra has written that it is to some extent reversible – accelerated by the accumulation of toxins in the body (including toxic emotions), and slowed down by physical exercise, good nutrition, meditation and love.[54]
According to Tompkins, the medical and scientific communities' opinion of Chopra ranges from dismissive to "outright damning", particularly because his claims could lure sick people away from effective treatments.[46] Medical anthropologist Hans Baer argues that Chopra has not explored the potential benefits of a truly holistic approach to health, ignoring factors such as air and water pollution, racism and inequality, and failing to encourage people to become part of reform movements. Instead he offers an alternative form of medical hegemony, focusing on the individual, often wealthy, "worried well."[55] Robert Carroll writes of Chopra charging $25,000 per lecture, "giving spiritual advice while warning against the ill effects of materialism".[33]
Distance healing
In August 2001 ABC News aired a show segment on distance healing and prayer, in which Chopra attempted to relax a person in another room, whose vital signs were recorded in charts said to show a correspondence between Chopra's periods of concentration and the subject's periods of relaxation.[56] After the show, a poll of its viewers found that 90 per cent believed in distance healing.[57] Health and science journalist Christopher Wanjek characterized the broadcast as "an instructive example of how bad medicine is presented as exciting news," arguing that any correlation evident from the charts would be coincidental, and that more detailed examination of the timing of the charts showed the correlations were not as close as claimed.[56]
Position on skepticism
Paul Kurtz, an American skeptic and secular humanist, has written that the popularity of Chopra's views is associated with increasing anti-scientific attitudes in society, and that such popularity represents an assault on the objectivity of science by seeking new, alternative, forms of validation for ideas.[58] Michael Shermer, founder of The Skeptics Society, has said that Chopra is "the very definition of what we mean by pseudoscience".[59]
Chopra has attacked skepticism as a whole, writing in The Huffington Post that scientists need a sense of wonder.[60] In 2013 he argued that a "stubborn band of militant skeptics" were editing Wikipedia to prevent what he believes would be a fair representation of the views of such figures as Rupert Sheldrake. The result, Chopra argued, was that the encyclopedia's readers were denied the opportunity to read of attempts to "expand science beyond its conventional boundaries".[61]
Use of scientific terminology
Reviewing Susan Jacoby's book, The Age of American Unreason, Wendy Kaminer sees Chopra's popular reception in America as symptomatic of many Americans' historical inability (as Jacoby puts it) "to distinguish between real scientists and those who peddled theories in the guise of science". Chopra's "nonsensical references to quantum physics" are placed in a lineage of American religious pseudoscience, extending back through Scientology to Christian Science.[62] English professor George O'Har argued that Chopra exemplifies the need of human beings for "magic" in their lives, and placed "the sophistries of Chopra" alongside the emotivism of Oprah Winfrey, the special effects and logic of Star Trek, and the magic of Harry Potter.[63]
Physicists have criticized Chopra's references to the relationship of quantum mechanics to healing processes, arguing that it contributes to the confusion in the popular press regarding quantum measurement, decoherence and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.[64][52] In 1998 he was awarded the satirical Ig Nobel Prize in physics for "his unique interpretation of quantum physics as it applies to life, liberty, and the pursuit of economic happiness".[65]
In March 2010 Chopra and Jean Houston debated Sam Harris and Michael Shermer at the California Institute of Technology on the question "Does God Have a Future?" Harris criticized Chopra's use of terms from quantum mechanics as "spooky physics," and accused him of merging two language games in a "completely unprincipled way."[66] Interviewed in 2007 by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins for a British documentary, The Enemies of Reason, Chopra said that he used the term quantum as a metaphor and that it had little to do with quantum theory in physics.[67]
Yoga
In April 2010 Aseem Shukla, co-founder of the Hindu American Foundation, criticized Chopra for suggesting that yoga did not have its origins in Hinduism but in an older Indian spiritual tradition. Chopra later said that yoga was rooted in consciousness alone, expounded by Vedic rishis long before Hinduism ever arose. Shukla responded that Chopra was an exponent of the art of "How to Deconstruct, Repackage and Sell Hindu Philosophy Without Calling it Hindu!"[68]
Select bibliography
- Books
- (2103) with Sanjiv Chopra, Brotherhood: Dharma, Destiny, and the American Dream, New Harvest.
- (2013) What Are You Hungry For?. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-770-43721-4.
- (2012) with Rudolph E. Tanzi, Super Brain. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-307-95682-2.
- (2012) God: A Story of Revelation. HarperOne.
- (2011) with Leonard Mlodinow, War of the Worldviews: Where Science and Spirituality Meet – and Do Not. Harmony.
- (2008) The Third Jesus. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-307-33831-2.
- (2008) The Soul of Leadership. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-307-40806-X.
- (2004) The Book of Secrets. New York: Harmony. ISBN 0-517-70624-5.
{{cite book}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=
(help) - (1995) The Way of the Wizard. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-517-70434-X.
- (1995) The Return of Merlin. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-59849-3.
- (1995) Ageless Body Timeless Mind. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-59257-6.
- (1994) The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success. San Rafael: Amber Allen Publishing. ISBN 1-878424-11-4.
- (1991) Perfect Health. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-81367-6.
- (1989) Quantum Healing. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-05368-X.
- (1987) Creating Health. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-395429-53-6.
- Articles
- (2014) "Reality and consciousness: A view from the East: Comment on 'Consciousness in the universe: A review of the "Orch OR" theory' by Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose", Physics of Life Reviews, 11(1), March, pp. 81–82.
- (2013) with Attila Grandpierre, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Rudolph Tanzi, Menas C. Kafatos, "A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mind and Consciousness", NeuroQuantology, 11(4), December, pp. 607–617.
- (2011) with Menas Kafatos, Rudolph E. Tanzi, "How Consciousness Becomes the Physical Universe", Journal of Cosmology, 14.
- (2011) "Medicine's Great Divide – The View from the Alternative Side", Virtual Mentor, American Medical Association Journal of Ethics, 13(6), June, pp. 394–398.
- (2000) Foreword in Amit Goswami, The Visionary Window: A Quantum Physicist's Guide to Enlightenment. Quest Books.
- (1997) Foreword in Candace Pert, The Molecules of Emotion: The Science Behind Mind-Body Medicine. Scribner.
See also
- List of people in alternative medicine
- Andrew Weil
- Hard problem of consciousness
- Panpsychism
- Spiritual naturalism
References
- ^ "Deepak Chopra", The Huffington Post, retrieved May 15, 2014; "Deepak Chopra MD", American Medical Association.
- Deepak Chopra, Quantum Healing: Exploring the Frontiers of Mind Body Medicine, Random House, 2009 [1989], p. 2.
- ^ John Gamel, "Hokum on the Rise: The 70-Percent Solution", The Antioch Review, 66(1), 2008, p. 130.
- ^ a b c d Hans A. Baer (2003). "The Work of Andrew Weil and Deepak Chopra—Two Holistic Health/New Age Gurus: A Critique of the Holistic Health/New Age Movements". Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 17 (2): 237. doi:10.1525/maq.2003.17.2.233. PMID 12846118.; Hans A. Baer, Toward an Integrative Medicine: Merging Alternative Therapies with Biomedicine, AltaMira Press, 2004, pp. 121–122.
- ^ Chopra 2009, preface; Brian Goldman, "Ayurvedism: Eastern Medicine Moves West", Canadian Medical Association Journal, 144(2), January 15, 1991, pp. 218–221.
- ^ For Chopra and the placebo effect, Gamel (Antioch Review) 2008; Deepak Chopra, "I Will Not Be Pleased - Your Health and the Nocebo Effect", San Francisco Chronicle, October 17, 2012.
- For "false hope," Ptolemy Tompkins, "New Age Supersage", Time, November 14, 2008.
- For criticism of quantum-physics terminology and denying people the prospects of a cure, Robert L. Park, "Voodoo medicine in a scientific world," in Keith Ashman and Phillip Barringer (eds.), After the Science Wars: Science and the Study of Science, Taylor & Francis, 2000, p. 137; Robert L. Park, Voodoo Science, Oxford University Press, 2000, p. 192ff.
- ^ Deepak Chopra; Sanjiv Chopra (2013). Brotherhood: Dharma, Destiny, and the American Dream. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 5, 161.
There are a lot of different languages spoken in India. Not just different dialects but different languages. Mine is Punjabi...
- ^ Chopra 2013, pp. 5–6, 11–13; Michael Schulder (May 24, 2013). "The Chopra Brothers". CNN..
- ^ "Chopra, Sanjiv, MD", Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, retrieved May 15, 2014.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, Return of the Rishi, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1991, p. 1.
- ^ Carl Lindgren (March 31, 2010). "International Dreamer – Deepak Chopra". Map Magazine's Street Editors.
- ^ Chopra 1991, pp. 54–57; Joanne Kaufman, "Deepak Chopra – An 'Inner Stillness,' Even on the Subway," The New York Times, October 17, 2013.
- ^ "Deepak K. Chopra, M.D.", Commonwealth of Massachusetts Board of Registration in Medicine. Retrieved May 20, 2014; "Verify a Physician's Certification", American Board of Internal Medicine.
- ^ "Chopra, Deepak", California Department of Consumer Affairs. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
- ^ Chopra 1991, p. 105ff.
- ^ Chopra 1988, p. 125.
- ^ Rosamund Burton (June 4, 2006). "Peace Seeker". Nova Magazine.
- ^ Chopra 1991, p. 139ff; Baer 2003, p. 237.
- ^ Elise Pettus, "The Mind–Body Problems," New York Magazine, August 14, 1995, (pp. 28ff, 95), p. 30. Also see Deepak Chopra, "Letters: Deepak responds," New York Magazine, September 25, 1995, p. 16.
- ^ Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed, "The Crisis of Perception", Media Monitors Network, February 29, 2008.
- ^ Dónal O'Mathúna (2007). Alternative Medicine. Zondervan. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-310-26999-1.
- ^ a b Tony Perry (7 September 1997). "So Rich, So Restless". Los Angeles Times. p. 2.
- ^ a b "Deepak Chopra, M.D.", Gallup. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
- ^ Hari M. Sharma; B. D. Triguna; Deepak Chopra (May 22, 1991). "Maharishi Ayur-Veda: Modern insights into ancient medicine". Journal of the American Medical Association. 265 (20): 2633–4, 2637. doi:10.1001/jama.265.20.2633. PMID 1817464.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Erratum in: JAMA 1991 Aug 14". JAMA. 266 (6): 798. 1991. doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03470060060025.
- ^ Andrew A. Skolnick (1991). "Maharishi Ayur-Veda: Guru's marketing scheme promises the world eternal 'perfect health'". JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association. 266 (13): 1741–2, 1744–5, 1749–50. doi:10.1001/jama.266.13.1741. PMID 1817475.
- ^ Robert Barnett; Cathy Sears (1991). "JAMA gets into an Indian herbal jam". Science. 254 (5029): 188–9. doi:10.1126/science.1925571. PMID 1925571.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Andrew Skolnick (Fall 1991). "The Maharhish Caper: Or How to Hoodwink Top Medical Journals". ScienceWriters.
- ^ Pettus (New York Magazine) 1995, p. 31; "Deepak's Days in Court". The New York Times. 18 August 1996.
- ^ a b Pettus (New York Magazine) 1995, p. 31.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, "A Tribute to My Friend, Michael Jackson", The Huffington Post, June 26, 2009; Gerald Posner, "Deepak Chopra: How Michael Jackson Could Have Been Saved", The Daily Beast, July 2, 2009, p. 4.
- ^ Pettus (New York Magazine) 1995, p. 31; Baer 2004, p. 129.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, "The Maharishi Years – The Untold Story: Recollections of a Former Disciple", The Huffington Post, February 13, 2008.
- ^ a b Robert Todd Carroll (2011). "Auyrvedic medicine". The Skeptic's Dictionary. John Wiley & Sons. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-118-04563-3.
- ^ Don Kazak (March 5, 1997). "Book Talk". Palo Alto Weekly.; TNN (April 15, 2001). "The mind-body". The Times of India.
- ^ "Full Transcript: Your Call with Dr Deepak Chopra", NDTV, January 23, 1991.
- ^ "Chopra, Deepak (1946–)". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Gale. 1998.
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(help) - ^ David Ogul (9 February 2012). "David Simon, 61, mind-body medicine pioneer, opened Chopra Center for Wellbeing". U-T San Diego.
- ^ Paul Offit (2013). Do You Believe in Magic? The Sense and Nonsense of Alternative Medicine. HarperCollins. pp. 245–246. ISBN 978-0062222961.
- ^ "Just Capitalism & Cause Driven Marketing". Columbia University. Spring 2014.; "The Soul of Leadership". Kellogg School of Management, Executive Education. Retrieved May 14, 2014..
- ^ "Faculty", Update in Internal Medicine.
- ^ Chopra Foundation; "Sages and Scientists", Chopra Foundation.
- ^ "NAMA's Board of Advisors", American Association for Ayurvedic Medicine; "Advisors". State. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
- ^ "Men's Wearhouse Inc". Business Week. July 10, 2013.
- ^ "Deepak Chopra", Woopidoo! Biographies. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
- ^ Gotham Deepak, Decoding Deepak, courtesy of TheLip TV, YouTube, 5:20 mins.
- ^ a b Ptolemy Tompkins (November 14, 2008). "New Age Supersage". Time.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, "What Is Consciousness & Where Is It?", discussion with Rudolph Tanzi, Menas Kafatos and Lothar Schäfer, Science and Nonduality Conference, 2013, 08:12 mins.
- For mind being a fundamental feature of nature, see Attila Grandpierre, Deepak Chopra, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Rudolph Tanzi, Menas C. Kafatos, "A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mind and Consciousness", NeuroQuantology, 11(4), December 2013 (pp. 607–617), p. 609.
- ^ Chopra 2009, preface, pp. 71–72, 74.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, "Dangerous Ideas: Deepak Chopra & Richard Dawkins", University of Puebla, November 9, 2013, 26:23 mins.
- ^ Chopra 2009, pp. 15, 241; Deepak Chopra, "Healing wisdom", The Chopra Center, June 12, 2013.
- That he uses the term "quantum healing" as a metaphor, see Richard Dawkins, "Interview with Chopra", The Enemies of Reason, Channel 4 (UK), 2007, 01:16 mins.
- ^ Chopra 2009, p. 15: "[The patient] knows that he will be healed, and he feels that the force responsible is inside himself but not limited to him – it extends beyond his personal boundaries, throughout all of nature. ... At that moment, such patients apparently jump to a new level of consciousness that prohibits the existence of cancer."
- ^ a b Park 2000, p. 137.
- ^ Chopra 2009, pp. 237, 239–241; Lawrence J. Schneiderman (2003). "The (Alternative) Medicalization of Life". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 31 (2): 192. doi:10.1111/j.1748-720X.2003.tb00080.x. PMID 12964263.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, Ageless Body, Timeless Mind: The Quantum Alternative to Growing Old, Three Rivers Press, 1994, p. viii.
- ^ Baer 2003, pp. 240–241.
- ^ a b Christopher Wanjek (2003). Bad Medicine. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 224, 228ff. ISBN 978-0-471-46315-3.
- ^ Gary P. Posner (November/December 2001). "Hardly a Prayer on ABC's 20/20 Downtown". Skeptical Inquirer.
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(help) - ^ Paul Kurtz (2001). Skepticism and Humanism: The New Paradigm. Transaction Publishers. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4128-3411-7.
- ^ Michael Shermer (March 28, 2008). "Skyhooks and Cranes: Deepak Chopra, George W. Bush, and Intelligent Design". The Huffington Post.
- ^ Deepak Chopra (November 30, 2009). "The Perils Of Skepticism". The Huffington Post.
- ^ Deepak Chopra, "The Rise and Fall of Militant Skepticism", deepakchopra.com, November 3, 2013.
- ^ Wendy Kaminer (2008). "The Corrosion of the American Mind (reviewing The Age of American Unreason by Susan Jacoby)". The Wilson Quarterly. 32 (2): 92. JSTOR 40262377.
Then came Scientology, the "science" of positive thinking, and, more recently, New Age healer Deepak Chopra's nonsensical references to quantum physics
- ^ George M. O'Har (2000). "Magic in the Machine Age". Technology and Culture. 41 (4): 862. doi:10.1353/tech.2000.0174.
- ^ Victor J. Stenger (2007). "Quantum Quackery". Skeptical Inquirer. 27 (1): 37-.
- Brian Cox says that "for some scientists, the unfortunate distortion and misappropriation of scientific ideas that often accompanies their integration into popular culture is an unacceptable price to pay." See Brian Cox (February 20, 2012). "Why Quantum Theory Is So Misunderstood". The Wall Street Journal.
- The main criticism revolves around the fact that macroscopic objects are too large to exhibit inherently quantum properties like interference and wave function collapse. Most literature on quantum healing is almost entirely theosophical, omitting the rigorous mathematics that makes quantum electrodynamics possible. See Doug Bramwell. "'Magic' of Quantum Physics". Association for Skeptical Enquiry. Retrieved December 15, 2012.
- ^ "Winners of the Ig Nobel Prize". Improbable Research. Retrieved December 1, 2008.
- ^ "Nightline Face-Off: Does God Have a Future", ABC News, courtesy of YouTube, 17:22 mins; also see Dan Harris and Ely Brown (March 23, 2010). "Nightline Face-Off: Does God Have a Future". ABC News.
- ^ "The Enemies of Reason". Channel 4. Retrieved September 2013.
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(help) - ^ Aseem Shukla (April 28, 2010). "Dr. Chopra: Honor thy heritage". Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive.; Aseem Shukla. "On Faith Panelists Blog: Hinduism and Sanatana Dharma: One and the same – Aseem Shukla". Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
Further reading
- Official website
- Aravamudan, Srinivas. "New Age Enchantments," Guru English: South Asian Religion in a Cosmopolitan Language, Princeton University Press, 2006, p. 257. ISBN 1-4008-2685-3
- Butler, J. Thomas. "Ayurveda," in Consumer Health: Making Informed Decisions, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2011, pp. 117–118.
- Butler, Kurt and Barrett, Stephen (1992). A Consumer's Guide to "Alternative Medicine": A Close Look at Homeopathy, Acupuncture, Faith-healing, and Other Unconventional Treatments. Prometheus Books, pp. 110–116. ISBN 978-0-87975-733-5.
- Kaeser, Eduard [in German] (July 2013). "Science kitsch and pop science: A reconnaissance". Public Understanding of Science. 22 (5): 559–69. doi:10.1177/0963662513489390. PMID 23833170.
- Kafatos, Menas, Nadeau, Robert. The Conscious Universe: Parts and Wholes in Physical Reality, Springer, 2013.
- Nacson, Leon (1998). Deepak Chopra: How to Live in a World of Infinite Possibilities. Random House. ISBN 0-09-183673-5.
- Zamara, John W. "Quantum Healing: Exploring the frontiers of mind/body medicine", New England Journal of Medicine, 321, December 14, 1989.