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{{for multi|exonyms in the Polish part of [[Cieszyn Silesia]]|List of places in Cieszyn Silesia}} |
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<sup></sup>The following is a list of '''Czech [[exonym]]s''', that is to say names for places that do not speak [[Czech language|Czech]] that have been adapted to Czech [[Czech orthography|spelling]] rules, or are simply native names from ancient times. |
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{{more citations needed|date=April 2023}} |
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The following is a list of '''Czech exonyms''', that is to say names for places that do not speak [[Czech language|Czech]] that have been adapted to Czech [[Czech phonology|phonological system]] and [[Czech orthography|spelling rules]], or are simply native names from ancient times. Note that a large number of the names on the list below are archaic, no longer in use in contemporary Czech. |
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[[Exonym]]s should not be confused with [[romanization]], i.e., transliteration of names using a different script into a variant of the [[Latin alphabet]] according to a given set of rules. The Czech language usually employs different romanization systems than English (for example, the standard Czech romanization of the Chinese name [[青岛]] is ''Čching-tao'', as opposed to its [[Hanyu Pinyin]] transliteration ''Qīngdǎo'' or to [[Wade–Giles]] ''Ch'ing-tao''). |
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{{for|exonyms in the [[Głubczyce]] area|Czech exonyms (Głubczyce)}} |
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{{for|exonyms in the Polish part of [[Cieszyn Silesia]]|List of Czech exonyms for places in the Polish part of Cieszyn Silesia}} |
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{{Expand list|date=August 2008}} |
{{Expand list|date=August 2008}} |
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{| class=wikitable width=90% |
{| class=wikitable width=90% |
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! Language |
! Language |
||
! |
! English or native name |
||
! Czech exonym |
! Czech exonym |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Albania}} ''Albánie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Albanian language|Albanian]] |
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| [[Durrës]] |
| [[Durrës]] |
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| Drač |
| Drač |
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Line 20: | Line 21: | ||
| Skadar |
| Skadar |
||
|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Algeria}} ''Alžírsko'' |
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| [[Tirana|Tiranë]] |
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| Tirana |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|18px]] Algeria ''Alžírsko'' |
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| [[Algiers|الجزائر (al-Jazā'ir/al-Džazá'ir)]] |
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|- |
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| rowspan=2 valign=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
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| [[Algiers|Al-Ŷazā'ir]] |
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| Alžír |
| Alžír |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Oran|Wahrān]] |
| [[Oran|وهران (Wahrān/Wahrán)]] |
||
| Oran |
| Oran |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Armenia}} ''Arménie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
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| rowspan= |
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Armenian language|Armenian]] |
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| [[Vagharshapat, Armenia|Էջմիաժին (Echmiadzin)]] |
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| [[Bad Aussee]] |
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| Ečmiadzin |
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| Uže |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Yerevan|Երեւան (Erevan)]] |
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| [[Badgastein]] |
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| |
| Jerevan |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Austria}} ''Rakousko''<ref name="Radio Prague"/>{{#tag:ref|The Czech name "comes from a medieval castle on the Austro-Czech border called Radgos, which is today known as [[Raabs an der Thaya|Raabs]]. The Czechs used the name of the castle for the whole country and called it ''Rakuš'' or ''Rakus'', which eventually became ''Rakousko''."<ref name="Radio Prague"/>|group="nb"}} |
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| [[Bludenz]] |
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| Bludenec |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[ |
| [[German language|German]] |
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| |
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| Brunov |
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| [[List of Czech exonyms for places in Austria]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Azerbaijan}} ''Ázerbájdžán'' |
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| [[Bregenz]] |
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| Brežnice |
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|- |
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| [[Bruck an der Leitha]] |
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| Most nad Litavou |
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|- |
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| [[Bruck an der Mur]] |
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| Most nad Murou |
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|- |
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| Deutsch Hörschlag |
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| Německý Heršlák |
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|- |
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| [[Deutschlandsberg]] |
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| Lonč |
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|- |
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| [[Deutsch Wagram]] |
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| Německý Ogrun |
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|- |
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| [[Drosendorf-Zissersdorf]] |
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| Drozdov |
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|- |
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| [[Dürnkrut]] |
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| Suché Kruty |
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|- |
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| [[Eisenstadt]] |
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| Železné Město |
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|- |
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| [[Eggenburg]] |
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| Eggenburk |
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|- |
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| [[Enns]] |
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| Enže |
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|- |
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| [[Freistadt]] |
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| Cáchlav |
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|- |
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| [[Geras]] |
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| Jerus |
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|- |
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| [[Gmünd]] |
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| Cmunt |
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|- |
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| [[Graz]] |
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| Štýrský Hradec |
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|- |
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| [[Groß-Siegharts]] |
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| Velké Sighartice |
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|- |
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| [[Heidenreichstein]] |
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| Kamýk |
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|- |
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| [[Hardegg]] |
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| Hardek |
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|- |
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| [[Höflein an der Hohen Wand]] |
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| Horní Hevlín |
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|- |
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| [[Hohenau]] |
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| Cáhnov |
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|- |
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| [[Horn]] |
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| Rohy |
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|- |
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| [[Innsbruck]] |
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| Insbruk, Inšpruk |
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|- |
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| [[Klagenfurt]] |
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| Celovec |
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|- |
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| [[Krems]] |
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| Kremže |
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|- |
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| [[Laa an der Thaya]] |
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| Lava nad Dyjí |
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|- |
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| [[Leibniz]] |
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| Lipnice |
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|- |
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| [[Linz]] |
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| Linec |
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|- |
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| [[Litschau]] |
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| Líčov |
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|- |
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| [[Matzen]] |
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| Macno |
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|- |
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| [[Neusiedl am See]] |
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| Nezider |
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|- |
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| [[Ringelsdorf-Niederabsdorf|Niederabsdorf]] |
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| Dolní Opatov |
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|- |
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| [[Poysdorf]] |
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| Pušdorf |
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|- |
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| [[Raabs an der Thaya]] |
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| Rakousy nad Dyjí |
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|- |
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| [[Retz]] |
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| Reteč |
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|- |
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| [[Ringelsdorf-Niederabsdorf|Ringelsdorf]] |
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| Střezník |
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|- |
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| [[Salzburg]] |
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| Salcburk, Solnohrad |
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|- |
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| [[Sankt Pölten]] |
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| Svatý Hippolyt |
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|- |
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| [[Schrems]] |
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| Skřemelice |
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|- |
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| [[Schwarzenau]] |
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| Švarcenava |
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|- |
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| [[Spittal an der Drau]] |
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| Špitál nad Drávou |
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|- |
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| [[Stockerau]] |
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| Štokrava |
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|- |
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| [[Steyr]] |
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| Štýr |
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|- |
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| [[Traun]] |
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| Travna |
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|- |
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| [[Unserfrau-Altweitra]] |
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| Stará Vitoraz |
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|- |
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| [[Vienna|Wien]] |
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| Vídeň |
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|- |
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| [[Villach]] |
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| Bělák |
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|- |
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| [[Völkermarkt]] |
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| Velikovec |
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|- |
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| [[Waidhofen an der Thaya]] |
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| Bejdov nad Dyjí |
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|- |
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| [[Waidhofen an der Ybbs]] |
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| Bejdov nad Ybbsem |
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|- |
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| [[Weitra]] |
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| Vitoraz |
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|- |
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| [[Wiener Neudorf]] |
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| Vídeňská Nová Ves |
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|- |
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| [[Wiener Neustadt]] |
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| Vídeňské Nové Město |
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|- |
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| [[Ybbs]] |
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| Jivice |
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|- |
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| [[Zistersdorf]] |
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| Čistějov |
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|- |
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| [[Zwettl]] |
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| Světlá |
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|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|18px]] Azerbaijan ''Ázerbájdžán'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] |
| [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]] |
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Line 218: | Line 51: | ||
| Baku |
| Baku |
||
|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Belarus}} ''Bělorusko'' |
||
|- |
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| rowspan=7 valign=top | [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]-[[Russian language|Russian]] |
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| [[Babruysk]] − [[Babruysk|Bobruysk]] |
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| Bobrujsk |
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|- |
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| [[Gomel]]' |
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| Homel |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan=4 align=top | [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] – [[Russian language|Russian]] |
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| [[Mogilev|Magileu]] − [[Mogilev|Mogilëv]] |
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| [[Hrodna|Гроднa (Hrodna)]] – [[Hrodna|Гроднo (Grodno)]] |
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| Mohylev |
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| Hrodno |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Navahrudak| |
| [[Navahrudak|Навагрудак (Navahrudak)]] − [[Navahrudak|Новогрудок (Novogrudok)]] |
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| Novogrodek |
| Novogrodek |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Rechytsa|Рэчыца (Rechytsa/Rečyca)]] – [[Rechytsa|Речица (Rechitsa/Rečica)]] |
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| [[Polotsk|Polatsk]] − [[Polotsk|Polotsk]] |
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| Polock |
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|- |
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| [[Rechytsa|Rechitsa]] |
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| Řečice |
| Řečice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Zaslawye]] − [[Zaslawye|Zaslavl]] |
| [[Zaslawye|Заслаўе (Zaslawye/Zaslauje)]] − [[Zaslawye|Заславль (Zaslavl')]] |
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| Zaslav, Záslaví |
| Zaslav, Záslaví |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Belgium}} ''Belgie'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| rowspan=5 |
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[French language|French]] – [[Dutch language|Dutch]] |
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| [[Antwerp|Anvers]] |
| [[Antwerp|Anvers]] – [[Antwerp]]en |
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| Antverpy |
| Antverpy |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Bruges]] |
| [[Bruges]] – [[Bruges|Brugge]] |
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| Bruggy |
| Bruggy |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Brussels|Bruxelles]] |
| [[Brussels|Bruxelles]] – [[Brussels|Brussel]] |
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| Brusel |
| Brusel |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Leuven|Louvain]] |
| [[Leuven|Louvain]] – [[Leuven]] |
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| Lovaň |
| Lovaň |
||
|- |
|- |
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| [[Liège]] |
| [[Liège]] – [[Liège|Luik]] |
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| Lutych |
| Lutych |
||
|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} ''Bosna a Hercegovina'' |
||
|- |
|- |
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| [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] |
| [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] |
||
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| Bihač |
| Bihač |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|China}} ''Čína'' |
||
|- |
|- |
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| rowspan=7 align=top | [[Mandarin Chinese language|Mandarin Chinese]] – [[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] |
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| [[Burmese language|Burmese]] |
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| [[Beijing|北京 (Běijīng/Pej-ťing)]] |
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| [[Yangon]] |
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| Rangún |
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|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|18px]] China ''Čína'' |
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|- |
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| rowspan=10 valign=top | [[Mandarin Chinese language|Mandarin]] |
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| [[Beijing|Běijīng]] |
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| Peking |
| Peking |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Guangzhou|广州 (Guǎngzhōu/Kuang-čou)]] |
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| [[Hotan|Hétián]] |
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| |
| Kanton |
||
|- |
|- |
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| [[Harbin|哈尔滨 (Hārbīn/Cha-er-pin)]] |
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| [[Guangzhou|Guǎngzhōu]] |
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| |
| Charbin |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kashgar|Kāshí]] |
| [[Kashgar|喀什 (Kāshí/Kcha-š')]] – [[Kashgar|قەشقەر (Qeshqer/Kešker)]] |
||
| Kašgar |
| Kašgar |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Nanjing|南京 (Nánjīng/Nan-ťing)]] |
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| [[Qiqihar|Qíqíhā'ěr]] |
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| Cicikar |
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|- |
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| [[Nanjing|Nánjīng]] |
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| Nanking |
| Nanking |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Yarkant|Shāchē]] |
| [[Yarkant County|莎车 (Shāchē/Ša-čche)]] – [[Yarkant County|يەكەن (Yeken/Jeken)]] |
||
| Jarkand |
| Jarkand |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Shanghai|Shànghǎi]] |
| [[Shanghai|上海 (Shànghǎi/Šang-chaj)]] |
||
| Šanghaj |
| Šanghaj |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Croatia}} ''Chorvatsko'' |
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| [[Ürümqi|Wūlǔmùqí]] |
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| Urumči |
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|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Croatian language|Croatian]] |
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| [[Yining|Yíníng]] |
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| Kuldža |
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|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|18px]] Côte d'Ivoire ''Pobřeží slonoviny'' |
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|- |
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| [[French language|French]] |
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| [[Abidjan]] |
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| Abidžan |
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|- |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Croatia.svg|18px]] Croatia ''Chorvatsko'' |
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|- |
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| rowspan=4 valign=top | [[Croatian language|Croatian]] |
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| [[Dubrovnik]] |
| [[Dubrovnik]] |
||
| Dubrovník |
| Dubrovník |
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Line 322: | Line 125: | ||
| [[Šibenik]] |
| [[Šibenik]] |
||
| Šibeník |
| Šibeník |
||
|- |
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| [[Varaždin]] |
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| Varaždín |
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|- |
|- |
||
| [[Zagreb]] |
| [[Zagreb]] |
||
| Záhřeb |
| Záhřeb |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Cuba}} ''Kuba'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| Spanish |
||
| [[Havana|La Habana]] |
| [[Havana|La Habana]] |
||
| Havana |
| Havana |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Cyprus}} ''Kypr'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Greek language|Greek]] |
| [[Greek language|Greek]] – [[Turkish language|Turkish]] |
||
| [[Nicosia|Lefkosía]] |
| [[Nicosia|Λευκωσία (Lefkosía/Lefkósia)]] – [[Nicosia|Lefkoşa]] |
||
| Nikósie |
| Nikósie |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Denmark}} ''Dánsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Danish language|Danish]] |
| [[Danish language|Danish]] |
||
Line 344: | Line 150: | ||
| Kodaň |
| Kodaň |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Egypt}} ''Egypt'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
||
| [[Alexandria| |
| [[Alexandria|الإسكندرية (al-Iskandariyya/al-Iskandaríja)]] |
||
| Alexandrie |
| Alexandrie |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Cairo]] |
||
| Asuán |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Cairo|Qāhirah]] |
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| Káhira |
| Káhira |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Hurghada|الغردقة (al-Ghardaqah/al-Ghardaka)]] |
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! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|18px]] Estonia ''Estonsko'' |
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| Hurghada |
|||
|- |
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| [[Luxor|الأقصر (al-Uqṣur/al-Uksur)]] |
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| Luxor |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Suez|السويس (as-Suways/as-Suwajs)]] |
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| Suez |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Estonia}} ''Estonsko'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Estonian language|Estonian]] |
| [[Estonian language|Estonian]] |
||
Line 362: | Line 174: | ||
| Pernava |
| Pernava |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Finland}} ''Finsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Finnish language|Finnish]] |
| [[Finnish language|Finnish]] – [[Swedish language|Swedish]] |
||
| [[Helsinki]] |
| [[Helsinki]] – [[Helsinki|Helsingfors]] |
||
| Helsinky |
| Helsinky |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|France}} ''Francie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=6 align=top | [[French language|French]] |
||
| [[Crécy-en-Ponthieu]] |
| [[Crécy-en-Ponthieu]] |
||
| Kresčak |
| Kresčak |
||
Line 379: | Line 191: | ||
| [[Metz]] |
| [[Metz]] |
||
| Mety |
| Mety |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Mulhouse]] |
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| Mylhúzy |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Paris]] |
| [[Paris]] |
||
Line 392: | Line 201: | ||
| Štrasburk |
| Štrasburk |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Ghana}} ''Ghana'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| English |
||
| [[Accra]] |
| [[Accra]] |
||
| Akkra |
| Akkra |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Germany}} ''Německo''<ref name="Radio Prague"/>{{#tag:ref|"This comes from the Czech adjective ''němý'', which means mute. This term was originally used for all foreigners, as they could not speak Czech, and were thus essentially mute."<ref name="Radio Prague"/>|group="nb"}} |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Germany.svg|18px]] Germany ''Německo'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[German language|German]] |
| [[German language|German]] |
||
| |
|||
| [[List of Czech exonyms for places in Germany|List of Czech Exonyms for Places in Germany]] |
|||
| [[List of Czech exonyms for places |
| [[List of Czech exonyms for places in Germany]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Greece}} ''Řecko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=7 align=top | [[Greek language|Greek]] |
||
| [[Athens|Athína]] |
| [[Athens|Αθήνα (Athína/Athina)]] |
||
| Athény |
| Athény |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Corfu|Κέρκυρα (Kérkyra/Kerkyra)]] |
|||
| [[Chalcis|Chalkída]] |
|||
| Chalkis |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Corfu|Kérkyra]] |
|||
| Korfu |
| Korfu |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Corinth|Kórinthos]] |
| [[Corinth|Κόρινθος (Kórinthos/Korinthos)]] |
||
| Korint |
| Korint |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Ioannina|Ιωάννινα (Ioánnina/Ióannina)]] |
|||
| [[Heraklion|Hrákleio]] |
|||
| Iraklion |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Ioannina|Ioánnina]] |
|||
| Janina |
| Janina |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Piraeus|Πειραιάς (Peiraiás/Piraeus)]] |
|||
| [[Kos]] |
|||
| Kós |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Lemnos|Límnos]] |
|||
| Lemnos |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Piraeus|Peiraiás]] |
|||
| Pireus |
| Pireus |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Thessaloniki|Thessaloníki]] |
| [[Thessaloniki|Θεσσαλονίκη (Thessaloníki/Thessaloniki)]] |
||
| Soluň |
| Soluň |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Thebes, |
| [[Thebes, Greece|Θήβα (Thíva/Thiva)]] |
||
| Théby |
| Théby |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Hungary}} ''Maďarsko''{{#tag:ref|'''Uhersko''' is an archaic name for Hungary.<ref name="Radio Prague"/> It can still be seen used in places such as [[Uherské Hradiště]] and [[Uherský Brod]] in Moravia.|group="nb"}} |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|18px]] Hungary ''Maďarsko'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=13 |
| rowspan=13 align=top | [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] |
||
| [[Budapest]] |
| [[Budapest]], Buda |
||
| Budapešť, Budín |
|||
| Budapešt' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Debrecen]] |
| [[Debrecen]] |
||
Line 482: | Line 279: | ||
| Kamenec |
| Kamenec |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|India}} ''Indie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] – English |
|||
| [[Ahmedabad|Amdāvād]] |
| [[Ahmedabad|અમદાવાદ (Amdāvād/Amdávád)]] – [[Ahmedabad]] |
||
| Ahmadábád |
|||
| Ahmdábád |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |
|||
| [[Mumbai|Mumbaī]] - [[Mumbai]] |
|||
| [[Kolkata|কলকাতা (Kolkata)]] |
|||
| Kalkata |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]] – English |
|||
| [[Mumbai|मुंबई (Mumbaī/Mumbaí)]] – [[Mumbai]] |
|||
| Bombaj |
| Bombaj |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Hindi language|Hindi]] – English |
|||
| [[New Delhi|Naī Dillī]] - [[New Delhi]] |
|||
| [[New Delhi|नई दिल्ली (Naī Dillī/Naí Dillí)]] – [[New Delhi]] |
|||
| Nové Dillí |
| Nové Dillí |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Varanasi| |
| [[Varanasi|बनारस (Banāras/Banáras)]] – [[Varanasi]] |
||
| Varanásí |
|||
| Benáres |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Indonesia}} ''Indonésie'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Israel}} ''Izrael'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] – [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Indonesian language|Bahasa Indonesia]] |
|||
| [[Haifa|חיפה (Heifa/Chejfa)]] – [[Haifa|حيفا (Ḥayfā/Chajfá)]] |
|||
| [[Jakarta]] |
|||
| Haifa |
|||
| Džakarta |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Jaffa|יפו (Yafo/Jafo)]] - [[Jaffa|ݐافا (Yāfā/Yáfá)]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Israel.svg|18px]] Israel ''Izrael'' |
|||
| Jaffa |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Jerusalem|ירושלים (Yerushaláyim/Jerušalajim)]] – [[Jerusalem|القُدس (al-Quds/al-Kuds)]] |
|||
| [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] - [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Jerusalem|Yerushaláyim]] - [[Jerusalem|Al-Quds]] |
|||
| Jeruzalém |
| Jeruzalém |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Nazareth|נצרת (Natzrát/Nacrat)]] – [[Nazareth|الناصرة (an-Nāsira/an-Násira)]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|18px]] Iraq ''Irák'' |
|||
| Nazaret |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Tiberias|טבריה (Tverya/Tverja)]] – [[Tiberias|طبرية (Ṭabariyyah/Tabarija)]] |
|||
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] - [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] |
|||
| Tiberias |
|||
| [[Baghdad|Baġdād]] - [[Baghdad|Bexda]] |
|||
| Bagdád |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Iraq}} ''Irák'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=1 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] – [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] |
||
| [[Mosul|الموصل (al-Mawsil/al-Mausíl)]] – [[Mosul|Mûsil]] |
|||
| Mosul |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Italy}} ''Itálie''<ref name="Radio Prague"/>{{#tag:ref|'''Vlašsko''' is an archaic name for Italy.<ref name="Radio Prague"/> It can still be seen used in places such as the [[Italian Court]] ''(Vlašský dvůr)'' in Kutná Hora.|group="nb"}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan=13 align=top | [[Italian language|Italian]] |
|||
| [[Bologna]] |
| [[Bologna]] |
||
| Boloňa |
| Boloňa |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Florence |
| [[Florence]] (Italian: ''Firenze'') |
||
| Florencie |
| Florencie |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Genoa |
| [[Genoa]] ''(Genova)'' |
||
| Janov |
| Janov |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 530: | Line 341: | ||
| Gorice |
| Gorice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Milan |
| [[Milan]] ''(Milano)'' |
||
| Milán |
| Milán |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Naples |
| [[Naples]] ''(Napoli)'' |
||
| Neapol |
| Neapol |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 539: | Line 350: | ||
| Pompeje |
| Pompeje |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Rome |
| [[Rome]] ''(Roma)'' |
||
| Řím |
| Řím |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]] ''(Siracusa)'' |
|||
| [[Siracusa]] |
|||
| Syrakusy |
| Syrakusy |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Turin |
| [[Turin]] ''(Torino)'' |
||
| Turín |
| Turín |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 554: | Line 365: | ||
| Terst |
| Terst |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Venice]] ''(Venezia)'' |
||
| Benátky |
| Benátky |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Ivory Coast}} ''Pobřeží slonoviny'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[French language|French]] |
||
| [[ |
| [[Abidjan]] |
||
| Abidžan |
|||
| Cušima |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Japan}} ''Japonsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| rowspan=1 align=top | [[Japanese language|Japanese]] |
||
| [[Tokyo|東京 (Tōkyō/Tókjó)]] |
|||
| [[Amman|Ammān]] |
|||
| |
| Tokio |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Laos}} ''Laos'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Lao language|Lao]] |
||
| [[Vientiane|ວຽງຈັນ (Viang-chan/?)]] |
|||
| [[Beirut|Bayrūt]] - [[Beirut|Beyrouth]] |
|||
| Vientiane |
|||
| Bejrút |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Lebanon}} ''Libanon'' |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] – [[French language|French]] |
|||
| [[Beirut|بيروت (Bayrūt/Bajrút)]] – [[Beirut|Beyrouth]] |
|||
| Bejrút |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Libya}} ''Libye'' |
|||
| rowspan=2 valign=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Benghazi|Banghāzī]] |
|||
| Benghází |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=1 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Tripoli|Ţarābulus]] |
|||
| [[Tripoli, Libya|طرابلس (Ṭarābulus/Tarábulus)]] |
|||
| Tripolis |
| Tripolis |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Lithuania}} ''Litva'' |
||
|- |
|||
| rowspan=5 valign=top | [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] |
|||
| [[Kaunas]] |
|||
| Kovno |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] |
|||
| [[Klaipėda]] |
| [[Klaipėda]] |
||
| Klajpeda |
| Klajpeda |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Šiauliai]] |
|||
| Šavle |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Trakai]] |
| [[Trakai]] |
||
| Troky |
| Troky |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Luxembourg}} ''Lucembursko'' |
|||
| [[Vilnius]] |
|||
| Vilno |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|18px]] Luxembourg ''Lucembursko'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[German language|German |
| [[German language|German]] |
||
| [[Diekirch]] |
| [[Diekirch]] |
||
| Kostelec |
| Kostelec |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Moldova}} ''Moldavsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Romanian language|Romanian]] |
||
| [[Chișinău]] |
|||
| [[Nouakchott|Nuwākšūţ]] - [[Nouakchott]] |
|||
| Nuakšott |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Moldova.svg|18px]] Moldova ''Moldavsko'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Romanian language|Românian]] |
|||
| [[Chisinau|Chişinǎu]] |
|||
| Kišiněv |
| Kišiněv |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Montenegro}} ''Černá Hora'' |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] |
|||
| [[Ulan Bator|Ulaanbaatar]] |
|||
| Ulánbátar |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Montenegro.svg|18px]] Montenegro ''Černá Hora'' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] |
| [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] |
||
Line 632: | Line 425: | ||
| Nikšič |
| Nikšič |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Morocco}} ''Maroko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=5 |
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
||
| [[ |
| [[Fes|فاس (Fās/Fás)]] |
||
| |
| Fez |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Meknes| |
| [[Meknes|مكناس (Maknās/Maknás)]] |
||
| Meknes |
| Meknes |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Marrakech|Murrākush]] |
| [[Marrakech|مراكش (Murrākush/Murrákuš)]] |
||
| Marrákeš |
| Marrákeš |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Oujda|Wajda]] |
| [[Oujda|وجدة (Wajda/Wadžda)]] |
||
| |
| Udžda |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Tangiers| |
| [[Tangiers|طنجة (Ṭanja/Tandža)]] |
||
| Tanger |
| Tanger |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Pakistan}} ''Pákistán'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| rowspan=1 align=top | [[Urdu language|Urdu]] – English |
||
| [[Quetta|کوئٹہ (Quetta/Kvetta)]] – [[Quetta]] |
|||
| [[Groningen (city)|Groningen]] |
|||
| Kvéta |
|||
| Groninky |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Palestine}} ''Palestina'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] – [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] |
|||
| [[Korean language|Korean]] |
|||
| [[Bethlehem|بيت لحم (Bait Lahm/Bajt Lahm)]] – [[Bethlehem|בית לחם (Beit Lehem/Bejt Lechem)]] |
|||
| [[Pyongyang|P'yŏngyang]] |
|||
| Betlém |
|||
| Pchjongjang |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Hebron|الخليل (al-Khalīl/al-Chalíl)]] – [[Hebron|חברון (Hevron/Chevron)]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|18px]] Palestine ''Palestina'' |
|||
| Hebron |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Jericho|ٲرݐحا (Arīhā/Aríhá)]] - [[Jericho|יריחו (Yeriho)]] |
|||
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] - [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] |
|||
| Jericho |
|||
| [[Bethlehem|Bait Lahm]] - [[Bethlehem|Beit Lehem]] |
|||
| Betlém |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Nablus|نابلس (Nāblus/Náblus)]] – [[Nablus|שכם (Shkhem/Šchem)]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Poland.svg|18px]] Poland ''Polsko'' |
|||
| Nábulus |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Ramallah|رام الله (Rāmallāh/Rámalláh)]] |
|||
| rowspan=84 valign=top | [[Polish language|Polish]] |
|||
| Ramalláh |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Poland}} ''Polsko'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan=96 align=top | [[Polish language|Polish]] |
|||
| [[Białogard]] |
| [[Białogard]] |
||
| Bělehrad |
|||
| Bĕlehrad |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bielsko-Biała]] |
| [[Bielsko-Biała]] |
||
Line 679: | Line 478: | ||
| [[Baborów]] |
| [[Baborów]] |
||
| Bavorov |
| Bavorov |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Bogdanowice]] |
|||
| Bohdanovice |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bolesławiec]] |
| [[Bolesławiec]] |
||
Line 687: | Line 489: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bydgoszcz]] |
| [[Bydgoszcz]] |
||
| Bydhošť |
|||
| Bydhošt' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bystrzyca Kłodzka]] |
| [[Bystrzyca Kłodzka]] |
||
Line 697: | Line 499: | ||
| [[Chełmża]] |
| [[Chełmża]] |
||
| Chlumže |
| Chlumže |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Chomiąża, Opole Voivodeship|Chomiąża]] |
|||
| Chomýž |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Chorzów]] |
| [[Chorzów]] |
||
Line 741: | Line 546: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Inowrocław]] |
| [[Inowrocław]] |
||
| Mladá Vratislav |
| Inovroclav, Mladá Vratislav |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Jawor]] |
| [[Jawor]] |
||
Line 751: | Line 556: | ||
| [[Katowice]] |
| [[Katowice]] |
||
| Katovice |
| Katovice |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Katyn|Katyń]] |
|||
| Katyň |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]] |
| [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]] |
||
| Kandřín-Kozlí |
| Kandřín-Kozlí |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Kietrz]] |
|||
| Ketř |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kłodzko]] |
| [[Kłodzko]] |
||
Line 775: | Line 580: | ||
| [[Kraków]] |
| [[Kraków]] |
||
| Krakov |
| Krakov |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Krasne Pole, Głubczyce County|Krasne Pole]] |
|||
| Krásne Loučky |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kudowa-Zdrój]] |
| [[Kudowa-Zdrój]] |
||
| Lázně Chudoba |
| Lázně Chudoba |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Lądek |
| [[Lądek-Zdrój]] |
||
| Lázně Landek |
| Lázně Landek |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 787: | Line 595: | ||
| [[Legnica]] |
| [[Legnica]] |
||
| Lehnice |
| Lehnice |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Lewice, Opole Voivodeship|Lewice]] |
|||
| Levice |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Lidzbark Warmiński]] |
| [[Lidzbark Warmiński]] |
||
| Lizberk |
| Lizberk |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Lisięcice]] |
|||
| Lištice |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Łódź]] |
| [[Łódź]] |
||
Line 802: | Line 616: | ||
| [[Myślibórz]] |
| [[Myślibórz]] |
||
| Mysliboř |
| Mysliboř |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Nowa Cerekwia]] |
|||
| Nová Cerekev |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Nowa Ruda]] |
| [[Nowa Ruda]] |
||
Line 820: | Line 637: | ||
| [[Olsztyn]] |
| [[Olsztyn]] |
||
| Olštýn |
| Olštýn |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Opawica, Poland|Opawica]] |
|||
| Opavice |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Opole]] |
| [[Opole]] |
||
Line 829: | Line 649: | ||
| [[Paczków]] |
| [[Paczków]] |
||
| Pačkov |
| Pačkov |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Pielgrzymów]] |
|||
| Pelhřimovy |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Poznań]] |
| [[Poznań]] |
||
| Poznaň |
| Poznaň |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Prudnik]] |
|||
| Prudník |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Pszczyna]] |
| [[Pszczyna]] |
||
Line 898: | Line 724: | ||
| [[Warta, Poland|Warta]] |
| [[Warta, Poland|Warta]] |
||
| Varta |
| Varta |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Włodzienin]] |
|||
| Vladěnín |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Wojnowice, Opole Voivodeship|Wojnowice]] |
|||
| Vojanovice |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] |
| [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] |
||
Line 923: | Line 755: | ||
| Rychleby |
| Rychleby |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Portugal}} ''Portugalsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] |
| [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] |
||
Line 929: | Line 761: | ||
| Lisabon |
| Lisabon |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Romania}} ''Rumunsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=29 align=top | [[Romanian language|Românian]] |
| rowspan=29 align=top | [[Romanian language|Românian]] |
||
Line 941: | Line 773: | ||
| Berzáska |
| Berzáska |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Bistrița]] |
||
| Bystřice |
| Bystřice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Botoșani]] |
||
| Botušany |
| Botušany |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 950: | Line 782: | ||
| Božovice |
| Božovice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Brașov]] |
||
| Brašov |
| Brašov |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Bucharest| |
| [[Bucharest|București]] |
||
| Bukurešť |
| Bukurešť |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 959: | Line 791: | ||
| Kluž |
| Kluž |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Constanța]] |
||
| Konstanca |
| Konstanca |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 965: | Line 797: | ||
| Krajova |
| Krajova |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Eșelnița]] |
||
| Ješelnice |
| Ješelnice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Galați]] |
||
| Galac |
| Galac |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Iablanița]] |
||
| Jablonice |
| Jablonice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Iași]] |
||
| Jasy |
| Jasy |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 983: | Line 815: | ||
| Velký Varadín |
| Velký Varadín |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Oravița]] |
||
| Oravice |
| Oravice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Orșova]] |
||
| Oršava |
| Oršava |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Pitești]] |
||
| Pitešť |
| Pitešť |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Ploiești]] |
||
| Ploješť |
| Ploješť |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Reșița]] |
||
| Rešice |
| Rešice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 1,001: | Line 833: | ||
| Sibiň |
| Sibiň |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Sighetu |
| [[Sighetu Marmației]] |
||
| Marmarošská Sihoť |
| Marmarošská Sihoť |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Sighișoara]] |
||
| Segešvár, Šigišov |
| Segešvár, Šigišov |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Șopotu Nou]] |
||
| Bušava |
| Bušava |
||
|- |
|- |
||
Line 1,013: | Line 845: | ||
| Sučava |
| Sučava |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Svinița]] |
||
| Svinice |
| Svinice |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Timișoara]] |
||
| Temešvár |
| Temešvár |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Russia}} ''Rusko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[Russian language|Russian]] |
||
| [[Kaliningrad]] |
| [[Kaliningrad|Калининград (Kaliningrad)]] |
||
| Královec |
| Kaliningrad, Královec |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Moscow|Москва (Moskva)]] |
||
| Moskva |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Oryol|Орёл (Oryol/Orjol)]] |
|||
| Orel |
| Orel |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Saint Petersburg|Sankt Peterburg]] |
| [[Saint Petersburg|Санкт-Петербург (Sankt Peterburg/Sankt-Petěrburg)]] |
||
| Petrohrad |
| Petrohrad |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast|Sovetsk]] |
| [[Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast|Советск (Sovetsk/Sovětsk)]] |
||
| Tylže |
| Sovětsk/Tylže |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Saudi Arabia}} ''Saúdská Arábie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
||
| [[Medina|المدينة المنورة (al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah/al-Madína al-Munawwara)]] |
|||
| [[Belgrade|Beograd]] |
|||
| Medína |
|||
| Bělehrad |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Mecca|مكة (Makkah/Makka)]] |
||
| Mekka |
|||
| Nový Sad |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Serbia}} ''Srbsko'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan=3 align=top | [[Serbian language|Serbian]] |
|||
| [[Belgrade|Београд, Beograd]] |
|||
| Bělehrad |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Petrovaradin]] |
| [[Petrovaradin|Петроварадин, Petrovaradin]] |
||
| Petrovaradín |
| Petrovaradín |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Sremski Karlovci]] |
| [[Sremski Karlovci|Сремски Карловци, Sremski Karlovci]] |
||
| Sremské Karlovce |
| Sremské Karlovce |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Slovenia}} ''Slovinsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Slovene language|Slovene]] |
||
| [[Kranj]] |
| [[Kranj]] |
||
| Kraň |
| Kraň |
||
Line 1,058: | Line 899: | ||
| Lublaň |
| Lublaň |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Somalia}} ''Somálsko'' |
|||
| [[Nova Gorica]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| Gorice |
|||
| rowspan=2 align=top | [[Somali language|Somali]] – [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Mogadishu|Muqdisho]] – [[Mogadishu|مقديشو (Maqadīshū/Makadíšú)]] |
|||
| Mogadišu |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Hargeisa|Hargaysa]] – [[Hargeisa|هرجيسا (Harjaisā/Hardžajsá)]] |
|||
| Hargeysa |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|South Africa}} ''Jihoafrická republika'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| English – [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] |
||
| [[Cape Town]] |
| [[Cape Town]] – [[Cape Town|Kaapstad]] |
||
| Kapské Město |
| Kapské Město |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Spain}} ''Španělsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| Spanish – [[Catalan language|Catalan]] |
||
| [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]] |
| [[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]] – [[Valencia, Spain|València]] |
||
| Valencie |
| Valencie |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Switzerland}} ''Švýcarsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=5 align=top | [[German language|German]] – [[French language|French]] |
||
| [[Basel]] |
| [[Basel]] – [[Basel|Bâle]] |
||
| Basilej |
| Basilej |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Geneva|Genf]] |
| [[Geneva|Genf]] – [[Geneva|Genève]] |
||
| Ženeva |
| Ženeva |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[St. Gallen|Sankt Gallen]] – [[St. Gallen|Saint-Gall]] |
||
| Šafhúsy |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[St. Gallen|Sankt Gallen]] - [[St. Gallen|Saint-Gall]] |
|||
| Svatý Havel |
| Svatý Havel |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[St. Moritz|Sankt Moritz]] |
| [[St. Moritz|Sankt Moritz]] – [[St. Moritz|Saint-Moritz]] |
||
| Svatý Mořic |
| Svatý Mořic |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Zurich|Zürich]] |
| [[Zurich|Zürich]] – [[Zurich]] |
||
| Curych |
| Curych |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Syria}} ''Sýrie'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
||
| [[Damascus|Dimashq]] |
| [[Damascus|دمشق (Dimashq/Dimašk)]] |
||
| Damašek |
| Damašek |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Thailand}} ''Thajsko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Thai language|Thai]] |
| [[Thai language|Thai]] |
||
| [[Bangkok|Krung Thep]] |
| [[Bangkok|กรุงเทพฯ (Krung Thep)]] |
||
| Bangkok |
| Bangkok |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Turkey}} ''Turecko'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan= |
| rowspan=3 align=top | [[Turkish language|Turkish]] |
||
| [[İstanbul]] |
| [[Istanbul|İstanbul]] |
||
| Istanbul |
|||
| Cařihrad |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[İzmir]] |
| [[İzmir]] |
||
| Smyrna |
| Smyrna |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[İznik]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|18px]] Ukraine ''Ukrajina'' |
|||
| Nikaia |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Turkmenistan}} ''Turkmenistán'' |
|||
| rowspan=15 align=top | [[Ukranian language|Ukranian]] |
|||
| [[Berehove]] |
|||
| Berehovo |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Turkmen language|Turkmen]] |
|||
| [[Dnipropetrovsk|Dnipropetróvs'k]] |
|||
| [[Ashgabat|Aşgabat]] |
|||
| Dněpropestrovsk |
|||
| Ašchabad |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Ukraine}} ''Ukrajina'' |
|||
| [[Donetsk|Donets'k]] |
|||
| Doněck |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=16 align=top | [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] |
|||
| [[Kharkiv]] |
|||
| [[Dnipro|Дніпро (Dnipro)]] |
|||
| Charkov |
|||
| Dnipro |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Cherkasy|Черкаси (Cherkasy/Čerkasy)]] |
|||
| [[Chernihiv|Chernigiv]] |
|||
| Čerkasy |
|||
| Černihov |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Chernihiv|Чернігів (Chernihiv/Černihiv)]] |
|||
| [[Chernobyl|Chornobil]] |
|||
| Černigov, Černihov |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Chernivtsi|Чернівці (Chernivtsi/Černivci)]] |
|||
| Černovice |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Chernobyl|Чорнобиль (Chornobyl/Čornobyl)]] |
|||
| Černobyl |
| Černobyl |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kharkiv|Харків (Kharkiv/Charkiv)]] |
|||
| [[Khotyn|Chotyn]] |
|||
| Charkov |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Kherson|Херсон (Kherson)]] |
|||
| Cherson |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Khotyn|Хотин (Khotyn/Chotyn)]] |
|||
| Chotim |
| Chotim |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Kyiv|Київ (Kyiv/Kyjiv)]] |
||
| Kyjev |
| Kyjev |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kremenchuk|Кременчук (Kremenchuk)]] |
|||
| [[Kryvyi Rih|Kriviyi Rig]] |
|||
| Kremenčuk |
|||
| Krivoj Rog |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Kryvyi Rih|Кривий Ріг (Krivyi Rih/Kryvyj Rih)]] |
|||
| [[Luhansk|Lugans'k]] |
|||
| Krivoj Rog |
|||
| Luhansk |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Lviv]] |
| [[Lviv|Львів (Lviv)]] |
||
| Lvov |
| Lvov |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Novhorod-Siverskyi|Novhorod-Siverskyj]] |
| [[Novhorod-Siverskyi|Новгород-Сіверський (Novhorod-Siverskyi/Novhorod-Siverskyj)]] |
||
| Novgorod Severský |
| Novgorod Severský |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Volodymyr (city)|Володимир (Volodymyr)]] |
|||
| [[Odessa|Odesa]] |
|||
| Volodymyr |
|||
| Oděsa |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Zaporizhia|Запоріжжя (Zaporizhzhya/Zaporižžja)]] |
|||
| [[Volodymyr-Volynskyi|Volodymyr-Volynskyj]] |
|||
| Vladimir Volyňský |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Zaporizhia|Zaporizzhya]] |
|||
| Záporoží |
| Záporoží |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Zhytomyr|Житомир (Zhytomyr)]] |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|18px]] United Arab Emirates ''Spojené Arabské Emiráty'' |
|||
| Žytomyr |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|United Kingdom}} ''Spojené království'' |
|||
| [[Arabic language|Arabic]] |
|||
| [[Abu Dhabi|Abū Żabī]] |
|||
| Abú Zábí |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| | English |
|||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | [[File:Flag of the United States.svg|18px]] United States ''Spojené Státy Americké'' |
|||
| [[London]] |
|||
| Londýn |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|United States}} ''Spojené státy americké'' |
|||
| [[English language|English]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| | English |
|||
| [[Philadelphia]] |
| [[Philadelphia]] |
||
| Filadelfie |
| Filadelfie |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | |
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Uzbekistan}} ''Uzbekistán'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]] |
|||
| [[ |
| [[Tashkent|Toshkent]] |
||
| Taškent |
|||
| Edinburk |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" | {{flagu|Vietnam}} ''Vietnam'' |
|||
| [[London]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| Londýn |
|||
| [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] |
|||
| [[Hanoi|Hà Nội]] |
|||
| Hanoj |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! Language |
! Language |
||
Line 1,188: | Line 1,047: | ||
! Czech exonym |
! Czech exonym |
||
|} |
|} |
||
==Notes== |
|||
{{Reflist|group="nb"}} |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{reflist |refs= |
|||
<ref name="Radio Prague">{{cite web|url=http://archiv.radio.cz/english/language/18-6-99.html|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20120323143425/http://archiv.radio.cz/english/language/18-6-99.html|archive-date=23 March 2012|title=It's all Greek to me|work=[[Radio Prague]] transcript|date=18 June 1999}}</ref> |
|||
}} |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
Line 1,193: | Line 1,060: | ||
[[Category:Czech language]] |
[[Category:Czech language]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Lists of exonyms]] |
||
[[cs:Seznam českých exonym]] |
Latest revision as of 08:53, 11 April 2024
The following is a list of Czech exonyms, that is to say names for places that do not speak Czech that have been adapted to Czech phonological system and spelling rules, or are simply native names from ancient times. Note that a large number of the names on the list below are archaic, no longer in use in contemporary Czech.
Exonyms should not be confused with romanization, i.e., transliteration of names using a different script into a variant of the Latin alphabet according to a given set of rules. The Czech language usually employs different romanization systems than English (for example, the standard Czech romanization of the Chinese name 青岛 is Čching-tao, as opposed to its Hanyu Pinyin transliteration Qīngdǎo or to Wade–Giles Ch'ing-tao).
Notes
- ^ The Czech name "comes from a medieval castle on the Austro-Czech border called Radgos, which is today known as Raabs. The Czechs used the name of the castle for the whole country and called it Rakuš or Rakus, which eventually became Rakousko."[1]
- ^ "This comes from the Czech adjective němý, which means mute. This term was originally used for all foreigners, as they could not speak Czech, and were thus essentially mute."[1]
- ^ Uhersko is an archaic name for Hungary.[1] It can still be seen used in places such as Uherské Hradiště and Uherský Brod in Moravia.
- ^ Vlašsko is an archaic name for Italy.[1] It can still be seen used in places such as the Italian Court (Vlašský dvůr) in Kutná Hora.
References
- ^ a b c d e f g "It's all Greek to me". Radio Prague transcript. 18 June 1999. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012.