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== See also == |
== See also == |
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*[[Islam in New Zealand]] |
*[[Islam in New Zealand]] |
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*[[List of massacres in New Zealand]] |
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*[[List of terrorist incidents in March 2019]] |
*[[List of terrorist incidents in March 2019]] |
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*[[Right-wing terrorism]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
Revision as of 15:48, 15 March 2019
Christchurch mosque shootings | |
---|---|
![]() Al Noor Mosque, June 2006 | |
![]() Location of Al Noor mosque and Linwood Islamic Centre | |
Location | Christchurch, New Zealand |
Coordinates | 43°31′58″S 172°36′42″E / 43.5329°S 172.6118°E |
Date | 15 March 2019 13:40 NZDT (00:40 UTC) |
Target | Muslim worshippers at mosques |
Attack type | Mass shooting, terrorist attack |
Deaths | 49 |
Injured | 20+ |
Motive | Far-right extremism |
The Christchurch mosque shootings were two coordinated white supremacist right-wing terror attacks at Al Noor Mosque and the Linwood Islamic Centre in Christchurch, New Zealand, during Friday prayer on 15 March 2019. At least 49 people were killed in the shootings and at least 20 were injured. Three suspects were arrested with one charged. The attacks were described as terrorist attacks by Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and various governments internationally.
It is the deadliest attack in New Zealand since the 1943 Featherston prisoner of war camp riot where 49 people were killed.[1] It was also the first mass shooting in New Zealand since the 1997 Raurimu massacre.[2][3][4]
Attacks
The attacks began at the Al Noor Mosque, Riccarton and the Linwood Islamic Centre, at 13:40 on 15 March 2019 NZDT (00:40 UTC).[5][6][7]
Police found two car bombs in a vehicle.[8] The New Zealand Defence Force defused them without incident.[8][9][8]
Al Noor Mosque, Riccarton
A heavily armed shooter attacked the Al Noor Mosque in Deans Avenue, Riccarton at around 13:40.[10] The Al Noor shooter livestreamed 16 minutes of his attack on Facebook Live, where he identified himself as a 28-year-old Australian white supremacist.[11][12] Early moments of the livestream showed the shooter driving his car toward the mosque and listening to a Serbian language song celebrating Radovan Karadžić, who was found guilty of genocide against Bosnian Muslims.[13][14]
The guns used by the shooter were covered in white writing that named historical events, people, and motifs related to conflicts between Muslims and non-Muslims.[11] The markings on the gun included references to the 2018 Global Compact for Migration, the 732 Battle of Tours, the 1571 Battle of Lepanto, John Hunyadi, Șerban Cantacuzino, Ștefan cel Mare, the Fourteen Words and "Turkofagos" (Turk eater), a term used by Greeks during the Greek War of Independence.[15]
Three hundred to five hundred people may have been inside the mosque, attending Friday Prayer, at the time of the shooting.[16] A neighbour of the mosque told reporters that he witnessed the shooter flee the mosque and drop what appeared to be a firearm in the driveway while he fled.[17]
Linwood Islamic Centre
A second shooting occurred at the Linwood Islamic Centre.[18][19] Early reports spoke of "a multiple, simultaneous attack",[20] although later on one suspect was charged for the "planned" murder at both sites.[21] Seven people were killed inside the mosque and three outside.[22]
Suspects
Police Commissioner Mike Bush initially said that three men and one woman had been arrested in connection with the attacks at the two mosques.[8][23] All four were said to hold extremist views. One of the suspects was identified as not being involved in the attack and was released.[24][25] One of the suspects was earlier reported to having been wearing explosives. However, Bush rejected this. He also denied initial reports of a shooting at the Christchurch Hospital.[26][27] Officials believe no other suspects were involved.[22]
Before the shooting, the Al Noor shooter posted a manifesto[28] titled "The Great Replacement" (a reference to the white genocide conspiracy theory and its French variant) on the image board 8chan outlining his attack.[29][30][31] The manifest says he chose New Zealand as the target two years earlier and had been planning the attack for three months.[32] It contains various anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant ideas and themes such as hate speech against migrants, white supremacist language, and calls for Muslims to be killed.[14][33] The manifest includes references to high profile right wing figures, internet memes and encourages people online to agree with the shooting and to create more memes.[12] These elements, along with the livestreaming video, in which its viewers had cheered the attack on, gave the appearance that the attack was Internet trolling, designed to create disagreements and anger between different groups.[34][35]
The author of the manifesto also labels himself a "kebab removalist", in reference to a meme on the internet regarding the genocide by the Bosnian Serb army against Bosnian Muslims.[12] Motivations for the attack are mentioned in the manifesto such as revenge for European civilians that were casualties in Islamic terror attacks within Europe.[28] In particular, the perpetrator keeps mentioning Ebba Åkerlund in his manifesto.[28] Her name is also present on one of the guns in white writing. The shooter's Twitter account, which has since been suspended, showed firearms with the neo-Nazi symbol Black Sun and the Fourteen Words (which appeared in the manifesto), as well as the names of victims of terror attacks in the West scrawled on them.[36]
Aftermath
Survivors of the incidents were transported to nearby hospitals. Forty-eight people, including young children, with gunshot wounds were treated at Christchurch Hospital,[37][38] with more being transported to other hospitals within Christchurch and nationally.[39] Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) activated its mass casualty plan.[37] A spokesperson said that they had found two improvised explosive devices in a single car and had disarmed one.[40]
The livestream has been re-posted on many video streaming services including LiveLeak and YouTube.[41] Police, Muslim advocacy groups and government agencies have urged anyone who finds the footage to take it down or report it.[42] Some media organisations in Australia broadcast parts of the live stream, up to the point the gunman entered the building, despite pleas from police not to show it.[43]
A number of schools near to the incidents were locked down in the wake of the event.[23] Authorities advised all mosques in the country to close until further notice and have sent police to secure all locations.[44] All Air New Zealand Link flights departing Christchurch Airport were cancelled as a precaution due to the absence of security screening.[45]
The Officials Committee for Domestic and External Security Co-ordination (ODESC) was convened to coordinate the government response. Prime minister Jacinda Ardern, who was on public engagements in New Plymouth, returned to Wellington by air to receive official advice.[46]
The third Test cricket match between New Zealand and Bangladesh, scheduled to be played at the Hagley Oval in Christchurch from 16 March, was cancelled because of security concerns.[47] The Bangladeshi team were about to attend the Al Noor Mosque and were moments from entering the building when the incident began.[48][49] The players then fled on foot to Hagley Oval.[50]
In Dunedin, the New Zealand Police's Armed Offenders Squad searched a house in Andersons Bay after the Christchurch mosque shooter indicated on social media that he had originally planned to target the city's Al Huda Mosque. Police have cordoned off part of the surrounding Somerville Street and evacuated residents near the property of interest. The University of Otago also postponed its 150th anniversary street parade which was scheduled for 16 March in response to security concerns.[51][52]
Reactions
New Zealand prime minister Jacinda Ardern called the incident an "act of extreme and unprecedented violence" and said "this is one of New Zealand's darkest days."[53][54][55] She also described it as a well planned terrorist attack.[39] For the first time in its history the terror threat level was lifted to high.[22] Christchurch mayor Lianne Dalziel never thought something like this could happen in New Zealand, saying "everyone is shocked".[39]
Queen Elizabeth II said she was "deeply saddened" by the attack: "Prince Philip and I send our condolences to the families and friends of those who have lost their lives".[56]
Australian prime minister Scott Morrison expressed support for New Zealand and condemned the shootings as a "violent, extremist, right-wing terrorist attack." He confirmed that an Australian had been detained as a suspect in connection with the attack.[57][58][59]
British prime minister Theresa May described the incident as a "horrifying terrorist attack", and said "my thoughts are with all of those affected by this sickening act of violence". It was also reported that the Home Secretary would hold talks with senior counterterrorism experts to review security at British mosques in the wake of the attack.[60]
Many politicians and world leaders also expressed their sorrow at the attacks.[61]
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau expressed "deepest condolences" and stated that "Canada remembers too well the sorrow we felt when a senseless attack on the Centre culturel islamique de Québec in Ste-Foy claimed the lives of many innocent people gathered in prayer", referencing the Quebec City mosque shooting in 2017.[62]
YouTuber PewDiePie tweeted "I feel absolutely sickened having my name uttered by this person" in response to the shooter calling for viewers to "subscribe to PewDiePie" at the beginning of his livestream.[63]
See also
References
- ^ "Christchurch mosque shootings: New Zealand's worst since 1943". 15 March 2019 – via www.nzherald.co.nz.
- ^ Leask, Anna (3 February 2017). "Raurimu 20 years on: the madman, the massacre and the memories". The New Zealand Herald. ISSN 1170-0777. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Graham-McLay, Charlotte; Ramzy, Austin (14 March 2019). "New Zealand Police Say Multiple Deaths in 2 Mosque Shootings in Christchurch". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Mass shootings at New Zealand mosques". CNN. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "New Zealand mosque shootings kill 49". 15 March 2019 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "Christchurch shootings: Death toll rises to 49 following terrorist attack - live updates". Stuff.co.nz. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch shootings see 49 people killed in attacks on mosques". ABC Online. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Watch: Christchurch mosque shooting - Four in custody". Radio New Zealand. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Casiano, Louis (14 March 2019). "40 killed and more than 20 seriously injured in New Zealand mass shooting targeting mosques". Fox News.
- ^ Sharman, Jon (15 March 2019). "Armed police deployed after shots fired at New Zealand mosque". The Independent. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ a b "Mosque shooting: Christchurch gunman livestreamed shooting". The New Zealand Herald. 15 March 2019. ISSN 1170-0777. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ a b c Weill, Kelly; Sommer, Will. "Mosque Attack Video Linked to 'White Genocide' Rant". www.thedailybeast.com. Daily Beast. Retrieved 15 March 2019. "The manifesto is riddled with references to 4Chan memes, and urges people who agree with the shooting to make more memes. At one point, the writer describes himself as a “kebab removalist,” a reference to a 4Chan meme about Serbian attacks on Bosnian Muslims. "
- ^ Koziol, Michael. "Christchurch shooter's manifesto reveals an obsession with white supremacy over Muslims". www.smh.com.au. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 15 March 2019. "Music was playing in the car in the background of the video of Tarrant's attack, one in the Serbian language, and one in German. The Serbian song references the "butcher of Bosnia", Radovan Karadžić, a convicted war criminal and the political leader of Bosnian Serbs."Wolves are on the move from Krajina. Fascists and Turks, beware. Karadžić, lead your Serbs, let them see they fear no one," the lyrics say."
- ^ a b Zivanovic, Maja. "New Zealand Mosque Gunman 'Inspired by Balkan Nationalists'". Balkaninsight.com. Balkaninsight. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "New Zealand mosque shooter names his 'idols' on weapons he used in massacre". Istanbul: Daily Sabah. 15 March 2019.
- ^ "LIVE: Mass shooting at Christchurch mosque as police respond to 'active shooter' situation". 1 News NOW. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Reports of multiple casualties in Christchurch mosque shooting". ABC News. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch gets its second mosque". Indian Weekender. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Barraclough, Breanna (15 March 2019). "Christchurch mosque shooting: Footage emerges of alleged gunman". Newshub. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Molyneux, Vita (15 March 2019). "Live updates: Six people have reportedly been killed in Christchurch shootings near mosque". Newshub. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Mackintosh, Eliza; Mezzofiore, Gianluca (15 March 2019). "Suspect in New Zealand mass shooting charged with murder". CNN. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b c "New Zealand officially on high terror alert, in wake of Christchurch terror attacks". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b "LIVE: Gunman named, four arrested, as Christchurch mosque attacks leave 'significant' number of fatalities". TVNZ. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "40 killed as gunmen open fire in two mosques in New Zealand's Christchurch". CNN. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch mosque 'terrorist' shootings: What you need to know". Stuff.co.nz. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch shooting: 49 dead in terrorist attack at two mosques – live updates". Guardian. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "49 People Have Been Killed After Mass Shootings At Mosques In New Zealand". Buzzfeed. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b c Charlene Wong (15 March 2019). "The Manifesto of Brenton Tarrant – a right-wing terrorist on a Crusade". (includes manifesto PDF)
- ^ "Christchurch mosque shooting: Gunman posts manifesto detailing reasons for attack". news.com.au. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Australian man named as NZ mosque gunman". The West Australian. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Martin, Lisa. "Rightwing extremist wrote manifesto before livestreaming Christchurch shooting". www.theguardian.com. Guardian. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Terrorism security expert Chris Kumeroa says New Zealanders need to be alert to potential threats". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Attacker posted 87-page "anti-immigrant, anti-Muslim" manifesto".
- ^ Victor, Daniel (15 March 2019). "In New Zealand, Signs Point to a Gunman Steeped in Internet Trolling". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "New Zealand mosque shooting: What is known about the suspects?". BBC. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch mosque gunman posted racist manifesto online before rampage". South China Morning Post. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b "Deadly mass shooting at New Zealand mosques". 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Four arrested after mass shooting at mosque, Islamic centre". www.9news.com.au. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ a b c "Three in custody after 49 killed in Christchurch mosque shootings". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Death toll rises to 49 in New Zealand mosque shootings". WITN. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Sherwood, Sam; Kenny, Lee. "Christchurch mosque shootings: Man claims responsibility for shootings, records assault on video". Stuff.
- ^ "Facebook battles to stamp out horror footage of Christchurch shooting". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Meade, Amanda (15 March 2019). "Australian media broadcast footage from Christchurch shootings despite police pleas". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Armed police guard mosques around New Zealand". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Edmunds, Susan (15 March 2019). "Air New Zealand cancels flights, offers 'flexibility'". Stuff.co.nz.
- ^ "Top level crisis meeting in Wellington after Christchurch mosque shooting". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Black Caps v Bangladesh test cancelled after gunmen attack Christchurch mosques". Stuff.co.nz.
- ^ "Bangladesh cricket team flees mosque shooting". City News 1130. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Cricketers escape NZ mosque shooting". Cricket Australia. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Bangladesh tour of New Zealand called off after Christchurch terror attack". ESPNcricinfo. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Kidd, Rod; Miller, Tim (15 March 2019). "Part of Dunedin street evacuated after report city was original target". Otago Daily Times. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Mosque shootings: AOS on Dunedin street after report city was original target". New Zealand Herald. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
{{cite news}}
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(help) - ^ "Live stream: 1 News at 6pm". 15 March 2019.
- ^ "PM on mosque shooting: 'One of New Zealand's darkest days'". Newstalk ZB. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch mosque shootings: 'This can only be described as a terrorist attack' - PM Jacinda Ardern". Radio New Zealand. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Christchurch shootings: UK mosque security to be discussed". BBC News. BBC. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Morrison, Scott. "I'm horrified by the reports I'm following of the serious shooting in Christchurch, New Zealand. The situation is still unfolding but our thoughts and prayers are with our Kiwi cousins". Twitter. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "'We're not just allies': Scott Morrison says Australia grieves with New Zealand". YouTube. ABC News. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ Shield, Bevan (15 March 2019). "Scott Morrison confirms Australian taken into custody after 'vicious, murderous' terrorist attack". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Christchurch shootings: UK mosque security to be discussed". BBC News. BBC. 15 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "World leaders condemn Christchurch mosque terrorism attack". Stuff. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- ^ "Statement by the Prime Minister on terrorist attack on two mosques in New Zealand" (Press release). PMO. 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019.
{{cite press release}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ Paton, Callum (15 March 2019). "PewDiePie 'Sickened' by New Zealand Mosque Shooter Telling Worshippers to Follow Him Before Opening Fire". Newsweek.