Chinese Democracy | ||||
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Studio album by | ||||
Released | November 23, 2008 | |||
Recorded | 1997–February 2007 | |||
Studio | Various
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Length | 71:18 | |||
Label | Geffen, Black Frog | |||
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Guns N' Roses chronology | ||||
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Singles from Chinese Democracy | ||||
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Chinese Democracy is the sixth studio album by American hard rock band Guns N' Roses. Released on November 23, 2008, by Geffen Records, it was the first Guns N' Roses studio album since "The Spaghetti Incident?" in 1993, and their first album of original studio material since the simultaneous releases of Use Your Illusion I and II in 1991.
In the mid-90s, amid creative differences, band members Slash, Duff McKagan, Matt Sorum, and Gilby Clarke quit or were fired. Only singer Axl Rose and keyboardist Dizzy Reed remained. In 1997, they began work on the album with guitarists Robin Finck and Paul Tobias, bassist Tommy Stinson, drummer Josh Freese, and keyboardist Chris Pitman.
The album underwent a protracted recording progress with multiple lineups, including later members Brain, Buckethead, Richard Fortus, Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal, and Frank Ferrer. It was delayed by personal and legal problems and Rose's perfectionism; with costs reportedly exceeding $13 million, it became the most expensive rock album ever produced. Geffen Records intended to release the album in 1999, but it was completely re-recorded in 2000. After missing an announced March 2007 release date the album was finally released in November 2008.
Chinese Democracy debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) but domestically undersold expectations. It received generally favorable reviews, achieved international chart success and has sold over one million copies in Europe.
Background
Guns N' Roses began writing and recording new music sporadically in 1994;[1] bassist Duff McKagan said the band "was so stoned at that point that nothing got finished".[2] Guitarist Slash criticized Axl Rose for making the band seem "like a dictatorship".[3] Rose later said about the dysfunctional state of the band at that time; "We still needed the collaboration of the band as a whole to write the best songs. Since none of that happened, that's the reason why that material got scrapped."[4]
Rose's childhood friend and Hollywood Rose collaborator Paul Tobias was brought in to replace Gilby Clarke, whose contract with the band was not renewed.[5] Slash left the band in 1996 because of creative differences between him and Rose, and personal problems with Tobias.[6][7] McKagan left soon after and Sorum was fired in 1997.[8] Slash was replaced with Nine Inch Nails' touring guitarist Robin Finck, McKagan was replaced with ex-Replacements bassist Tommy Stinson, and Josh Freese joined as the drummer. In early 1998, the band—which was composed of Rose, Finck, Stinson, Tobias, Dizzy Reed, and Chris Pitman—began recording at Rumbo Recorders, a studio in the San Fernando Valley where Guns N' Roses had recorded parts for their debut album Appetite for Destruction. During this time, Geffen paid Rose $1 million to try to finish the album and offered him a further $1 million if he submitted it by March 1, 1999.[3]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Download_Feastival_2006_-1.jpg/220px-Download_Feastival_2006_-1.jpg)
By August 1999, the band had recorded over 30 songs for the album, which was tentatively titled 2000 Intentions.[9] During a 1999 interview with MTV's Kurt Loder, Rose announced the upcoming album's title as Chinese Democracy, stating "there's a lot of Chinese democracy movements, and it's something that there's a lot of talk about, and it's something that will be nice to see. It could also just be like an ironic statement. I don't know, I just like the sound of it."[10] Rose also said the album would feature "lot of different sounds. There's some heavy songs, there's a lot of aggressive songs, but they're all in different styles and different sounds. It is truly a melting pot."[10]
In 1999, the industrial metal song "Oh My God" was released on the soundtrack of the movie End of Days and was played over its end credits. The song features Rose, Tobias, Stinson, Reed, Pitman, and Josh Freese, along with then-former member Robin Finck. Dave Navarro and Gary Sunshine also recorded guitar parts for the song. "Oh My God" received mixed critical reception upon release and Allmusic describes it as "a less than satisfying comeback".[3][11] The song was the band's first release of new material with the new lineup.
In 2000, drummer Bryan "Brain" Mantia replaced Freese, who left to join A Perfect Circle, and Rose hired guitarist Buckethead.[12][13] The same year, Finck, having left the band in 1999, rejoined as the third guitarist.[14] On January 1, 2001, Guns N' Roses played their first concert in over seven years at the House of Blues in Las Vegas, Nevada.[15] This was followed by their headlining performance at Rock in Rio III III on January 14, 2001 in front of 190,000 people.[16] On August 29, 2002, the band made a surprise visit to the MTV Video Music Awards; they playing old songs and a new one titled "Madagascar" to a New York crowd.[17] The band canceled their tour in 2004 after Buckethead left the band.[18]
Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal replaced Buckethead and touring resumed in May 2006; Bumblefoot added guitar tracks to the album between legs of touring throughout the year.[19] Drummer Frank Ferrer replaced Brain in July 2006 and added his drum tracks to the album.[20] On December 14, 2006, Rose published on the band's website an open letter to their fans saying the tour's remaining shows were consuming the time the band needed to finish recording Chinese Democracy. Rose also said the band had ended their relationship with their manager Merck Mercuriadis. In the letter, Rose announced a tentative release date of March 6, 2007, but its release was once again delayed.[21][22]
Release and Promotion
On February 22, 2007, the band's road manager Del James announced that all recording for the album had been completed and that it was being mixed. James said there was no release date for the album but that things appeared to be moving after a number of delays.[23]
On September 14, 2008, the track "Shackler's Revenge" was released on the music video game Rock Band 2, making it the band's first official release of new material since 1999's "Oh My God".[24][25] "Shackler's Revenge" was shortly followed by another release, "If the World", which plays during the closing credits of Body of Lies.[26] A firm release date of November 23 was announced by Billboard on October 9, 2008.[27] In the US, the retail release is sold exclusively through Best Buy.[28] The first single from the album, "Chinese Democracy", was released on October 22, 2008.[29][30] It was debuted on the Opie and Anthony show broadcast by KROQ-FM. The album's second single "Better" was released as a promo single on November 17, 2008.[31] "Street of Dreams" was released as a promo single in March 2009. The entire album was released as downloadable content for the Rock Band series on April 14, 2009.[32]
Shortly before the album's release, mastering engineer Bob Ludwig offered three versions of it for approval by co-producers Axl Rose and Caram Costanzo, who selected the version without dynamic-range compression, to avoid being involved in the ongoing loudness war.[33] Ludwig wrote, "I was floored when I heard they decided to go with my full dynamics version and the loudness-for-loudness-sake versions be damned".[33] Ludwig said the "fan and press backlash against the recent heavily compressed recordings finally set the context for someone to take a stand and return to putting music and dynamics above sheer level".[33]
After the album's November 2008 release, Rose did not appear in public for several months and did not respond to calls from the label to promote the album.[34][35] On December 12, Rose spent time on several Guns N' Roses fan forums answering questions and posting statements regarding the record, former bandmates, and tour plans.[36][37][38] On February 9, 2009, in his first official interview since the release, Rose criticized the label's handling of the release, stating "Unfortunately, I have no information for me to believe there was any real involvement or effort from Interscope".[39]
The band announced a new leg of the Chinese Democracy Tour in support of the album in March 2009, which lasted from December 2009 until December 2012.[40] Guitarist Robin Finck left the band before the tour to rejoin Nine Inch Nails, he was replaced by DJ Ashba.[41]
Recording
Long-time Guns N' Roses producer Mike Clink was reported to have worked on Chinese Democracy during its conception;[42] Moby, Youth and Tim Palmer all briefly worked on it too.[43][44][45][46][47] According to Rolling Stone, engineer Andy Wallace, who also worked with Nirvana, Sepultura, Slayer, and Bad Religion, was working on the album in 2006. Other producers who worked on it include Bob Ezrin, Eric Caudieux, and Sean Beavan.[48] Caram Costanzo and Axl Rose are the last producers credited on the finished album.[49]
Guns N' Roses has worked with numerous artists, including guitarists Brian May and Dave Navarro, diring the recording process.[50][51] May recorded the lead guitar parts for the leaked song "Catcher in the Rye" in 1999;[50] May is not credited on the finished album[52] and his performances were removed from the final release. Drummer Josh Freese's parts were scrapped and re-recorded note-for-note by Bryan "Brain" Mantia after Freese left the band in 1999.[53][54] Composers Marco Beltrami and Paul Buckmaster worked on orchestral arrangements for the album in the early 2000s.[51] In January 2007, former Skid Row frontman Sebastian Bach recorded backing vocals for a song called "Sorry" at Electric Lady Studios.[55] Harpist Patti Hood, who had worked with Chris Pitman on the album Free Mars, and conductor Suzy Katayama also recorded parts for the album .[56] The band used 15 studios, including Capitol Studios, Cherokee Studios, Electric Lady Studios, Sunset Sound Recorders, and The Village, during the recording of the album.[49] Tommy Stinson described the nature of the recording in a 2006 interview: "We did most of the music as a total collaborative effort a while back, most of the music was recorded (in 2001). In the last seven years, in the last four years (98-01), [the album]'s been pretty much done. It's been through a couple of producers' hands." [57]
Brain stated he recorded his drum parts in eight months.[57] A chicken coop was installed in the studio at Buckethead's behest; he said it helped him get into "his own world to live in" and play better.[58] In a 2015 interview, guitarist Richard Fortus stated that Rose recorded his vocal parts in less than a week.[59]
Rose said in 1999 that by then, the band had recorded enough material for a double album.[10] He also said recording sessions for Chinese Democracy resulted in "several albums" worth of material, including an album that is "more industrial and electronica-influenced than Chinese Democracy".[47] According to Sebastian Bach, Chinese Democracy was to be the first in a trilogy of albums.[60] Early in the recording process, the band was reported to have 60 songs in development.[3] Sources said the band's initial plans in 2001 were to record two albums, release Chinese Democracy, tour for a year or two then release the second album without having to return to the studio.[61] Rose said in 2006 that the band had 32 songs in development at the time[62] as well as confirming the working titles of 10 songs in 2008.[63] Guitarist Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal stated in 2013 that an unreleased song "Atlas Shrugged" was at the last second cut from the album because of the playing-time constraint of the Compact Disc.[64] In a June 2014 interview, Rose stated a "second part" of Chinese Democracy and a remix album of songs from the album were completed and pending release.[65]
Style and composition
In 1997, sources described the upcoming album as "sounding different from the sound you know ... definitely electronic influenced".[66][67] In July 1998, journalist Neil Strauss wrote that the album would be "electronica influenced".[68] The sound of Chinese Democracy was often reported to be industrial rock music—of which Rose had long been a fan—similar to the work of Nine Inch Nails and Ministry. In a 2001 interview with an Argentine radio station, however, Rose said, "It is not industrial, the closest thing to that was perhaps "Oh My God", but there are some songs that won't be on the album that were this way. There will be all kinds of styles, many influences as blues, mixed in the songs."[69]
In 2003, DJ Eddie Trunk spoke about the demo of "I.R.S.", which was leaked on his radio show by New York Mets catcher Mike Piazza, stating, "It reminded me of Use Your Illusion-era stuff, with some modern flairs to it. The song had a loop track in the beginning, but then, when it kicked in, it was that same dramatic Guns N' Roses hard rock."[70] In an interview held during the launch party for Korn's 2006 tour, Rose told Rolling Stone magazine:
It's a very complex record, I'm trying to do something different. Some of the arrangements are kind of like Queen. Some people are going to say, 'It doesn't sound like Axl Rose, it doesn't sound like Guns N' Roses.' But you'll like at least a few songs on there.[62]
In a Rolling Stone article in 2006, former Skid Row frontman Sebastian Bach described Chinese Democracy as "epic" and "mind-blowing", and added, "It's a very cool album—it's badass with killer screams, killer guitar riffs, but it's got a totally modern sound. The word for it is 'grand.' It's fucking epic. He's reinvented himself yet again."[71] Bach has also described the album as having "the rawness and the power of Appetite for Destruction, but it also has the grandiosity of 'November Rain'."[72] He also described the song "Sorry", on which he sings backing vocals, as "almost like doom metal with Axl singing really clean over this grinding, slow beat that is fucking mean, I cannot get it out of my head."[71]
![In a black-and-white photograph, a middle-aged African-American man stands in front of multiple microphones. In the foreground is a middle-aged white man wearing a US police uniform.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Martin_Luther_King_-_March_on_Washington.jpg/220px-Martin_Luther_King_-_March_on_Washington.jpg)
Chinese Democracy marked Guns N' Roses' expansion into industrial rock,[73][74][75][76][77] electronic rock[78][79] and nu metal,[54][74][80] while retaining the hard rock style of previous albums.[81] Critics noted stylistic similarities on the album to the work of Queen, Wings, and Andrew Lloyd Webber.[82][54][83][84] Rose cited the influence of Dave Grohl's drumming on Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" on the recording of the album's title track.[85] The song was inspired by the movie Kundun about the Dalai Lama.[86] The lyrics "Blame it on the Falun Gong / They've seen the end and you can't hold on now" from the song caused the album to be banned in China.[87] According to rose, the industrial-flavored "Shackler's Revenge" was written in reaction to "the insanity of senseless school shootings and also the media trying desperately to make more out of one shooter's preference for the Guns song Brownstone to no avail".[88][89] Virginia Tech shooter Seung-Hui Cho had written a play based on the lyrics of the Guns N' Roses song "Mr. Brownstone".[90] "Better" is an electronic rock-influenced song that features Rose singing in falsetto at the beginning of the track.[73][81]
"Street of Dreams", previously known as "The Blues", is a piano ballad that has been described as a pop-oriented song similar to "November Rain" and "The Garden" with influences from Elton John.[81][91][92] On "If The World", guitarist Buckethead played a Flamenco guitar; it was described as having "an electronic funk slither", neo soul, nu-metal, and trip hop styles.[93][94]
"There Was a Time" is a heavily layered melody driven orchestral song with a mellotron, violins, choirs and multiple synthesizers.[92][95] "Catcher in the Rye" was written after Rose watched a documentary on Mark David Chapman and wanted to write a song in dedication to John Lennon; the song is meant to criticize the book The Catcher in the Rye.[38] "Scraped" takes the album back to an industrial rock style with Rose singing "Don't you try to stop us now" and "All things are possible, I am unstoppable."[81][92]
Discussing the origins of "Riad N' The Bedouins", Rose stated "Riad is the name my one time momentary brother-in-law of Erin Everly went by when I knew him. Of part Lebanese descent and a former student of Pepperdine University, he claims to be an international arms dealer".[96] Rose stated the song "Sorry" was about "anyone talking nonsense at mine and the public's expense."[38] "I.R.S." has Rose singing "Gonna call the President, Gonna call myself a Private Eye, Gonna need the IRS, Gonna get the FBI" over a guitar heavy track.[81][92]
"Madagascar" has been described as having a "trip hop pulse"; its bridge features interwoven samples of quotations from the movies Mississippi Burning, Casualties of War, Cool Hand Luke, Braveheart, and Seven, and also contains several excerpts from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s speeches "I Have a Dream" and "Why Jesus Called A Man A Fool".[97][98] "This I Love" is a song written in 1992 that Rose called "the heaviest thing I've written".[99] The song is a piano ballad with Rose singing to a former lover.[92] "Prostitute" is another orchestral-lined power ballad that features the lyrics "Ask yourself / Why I would choose / To prostitute myself / To live with fortune and shame".[81][92] According to producer Youth, Rose "labored" over the song because past successes weighed heavily on him.[100]
Album artwork
The album's cover art features a sepia photograph of a bicycle with a large wicker basket resting against a wall on which the band's name is graffitied;[101][102] it was photographed in Kowloon Walled City by Terry Hardin.[103] Three red communist stars are above the letters "GNR" on the side with the band name and album title, which are written vertically.[104] According to artistic director Ryan Corey, Rose had the idea of the bike cover since the inception of the album.[105] At a concert in Hong Kong in 2002, Rose had shown album artwork similar to the final cover to a crowd.[106]
Rose approached Chinese artist Chen Zhuo for permission to use a painting of Tiananmen Square as an amusement park for the album cover, but Zhuo declined the offer.[104] Shi Lifeng's painting "Controlling No. 3" was chosen by Rose and used as an alternate cover for an "art edition".[107][105] It was officially used for the Rock Band 2 download and released on CD in small quantities.[105] The album's booklet features several artworks by Lifeng, including a bloodied fist holding a star covered by flailing human figures.[108] Photographs of the Hong Kong skyline and the Chinese military also appear in the booklet.[109]
Release delays
In a Rolling Stone interview in 2000, Rose said the album's release had been delayed partially because he was "educating himself about the technology that's come to define rock", stating, "It's like from scratch, learning how to work with something, and not wanting it just to be something you did on a computer".[47] In January 2000, band manager Doug Goldstein stated the album was "99% done" and was set "for a summer 2000 release".[110] With the album nearly complete, Roy Thomas Baker persuaded Rose to re-record the entire album.[111][112]
In 2004, bassist Tommy Stinson said the album was "almost done" and that it was being delayed by "legal issues" and because Rose wanted to ensure every band member had a say in each song, adding, "it's a lengthy process because you have to get eight people to basically write a song together that everyone likes".[48] Stinson also said Rose was a perfectionist; an engineer working on the album said: "Axl wanted to make the best record that had ever been made. It's an impossible task. You could go on infinitely, which is what they've done."[3][48] In a 2009 interview, Stinson spoke again of the delays, saying:
"What really happened was the record company stood back and left Axl to his own devices. Axl had all these ideas, and he needed somebody to help interpret what he wanted. He had to basically produce himself, and that's not what he went into this wanting to do. There are a lot of reasons the album took so long to make, but I think the record company really dropped the ball on this one ... I think everything changed when Geffen merged with Interscope. When that happened, Axl was told that [A&R executive] Jimmy Iovine would play more of a role in making the album happen. What Jimmy did instead was throw other people into the mix who weren't very capable."[113]
Geffen A&R Tom Zutaut stated the record "could have been out by September 2002".[114]
We composed and recorded for several years and, during that time, there were changes in the band and the staff of the record company. Every time we thought we had good songs, someone said that they could still be better, so we went back to writing and recording.
Rose released a statement in August 2002 on the Guns N' Roses website, saying, "We feel that we have clarity as to the album we're trying to make, we're wrapping it up. We've sorted it down to what songs are on the record, what the sequence of the songs is. The album art is ready."[116] Shortly afterwards, however, Rose told MTV News, "You'll see [the album], but I don't know if 'soon' is the word".[117] Dizzy Reed said in November 2002 that the album "should be in stores by June (2003)" and that there were only "a few odds and ends left to do, a couple of finishing touches, a couple of vocals – and we need to mix it".[118] Rose also confirmed the plans for multiple albums and said the delay was a partly due to lack of support from the label for older bands, saying, "I've had to do way more jobs in it than I'm supposed to. I've had to be manager, A&R man, producer, sole lyric writer, and a lot of other things."[118] An editor from antiMUSIC said Rose told him in June 2003 that "he wants to make sure it is a perfect as possible before it is released".[119] In mid-2003, the band reportedly started re-recording the album again.[120] Shortly after Buckethead left the band in March 2004, Rose released a statement saying, "Guns will be moving forward, we hope to announce a release date within the next few months".[121] Stinson claimed the album would be in the mastering stages by November 2004.[122]
By 2005, Geffen had removed Chinese Democracy from its release schedule and withdrawn funding, stating, "Having exceeded all budgeted and approved recording costs by millions of dollars, it is Mr. Rose's obligation to fund and complete the album, not Geffen's".[3] Around that time, manager Merck Mercuriadis stated, "The 'Chinese Democracy' album is very close to being completed".[3] According to a March 2005 New York Times article, production costs for the album had reached $13 million, making it probably the most expensive recording "never made".[3][a] Mercuriadis, however, rejected the article's contents; he wrote in a letter that the newspaper's sources had not been involved with the project for "six to nine years".[124] At one point, the band was using a budget of almost $250,000 a month.[111] Geffen A&R Tom Zutuat said the band spent thousands of dollars a month on rented gear that went unused.[125] Rose has said the expense of the album would be negated by the recording sessions yielding multiple albums.[47]
In October 2006, Rolling Stone said the album had a "firm" release date of November 21, 2006.[126] Rose issued a press release announcing the cancellation of four concerts scheduled for January 2007 on the band's website on December 14, 2006, titled "An open letter to the fans from Axl". He stated that if the band fulfilled the concerts, "valuable time needed by the band and record company for the proper setup and release of the album Chinese Democracy would have been lost". He also confirmed that Guns N' Roses had parted company with Mercuriadis, on whom Rose blamed much of the album's delay. Rose also announced a tentative release date for Chinese Democracy of March 6, 2007, the first time the band had publicly named a release date.[21]
Despite Rose's announcement, the album was once again delayed. Rose recorded the final vocal tracks in January 2007.[127] On February 22, 2007, the band's road manager Del James issued a press release stating there was no official release date but that all recording for the album had been completed and it was being mixed.[23] In a 2007 interview, Sebastian Bach said Rose had planned to have the album released by Christmas 2007 and that Chinese Democracy's delay might be because of business problems.[128]
In January 2008, rumors that Chinese Democracy had been handed over to Geffen Records but was delayed because the label and Rose could not agree on the marketing of the album arose.[129] Eddie Trunk said Geffen might have possession of the album and delays were due to financial reasons.[130] In a February 2008 interview with Classic Rock Magazine, however, Rose's personal manager Beta Lebeis debunked Trunk's suggestion and said, "We're currently in negotiations with the record label".[45] In late 2012, Rose told USA Today he did not write any music "for years" in the mid-1990s because of criticism from bandmates Slash and Duff McKagan, as well as ex-fiancee Stephanie Seymour.[131]
Controversy and lawsuits
Leak by Kevin Cogill
Music blogger Kevin Cogill streamed nine tracks of Chinese Democracy on his website Antiquiet for "an hour or two" in June 2008.[132][133] Shortly after the leaked files were made available, the website server crashed because of the high volume of user traffic and the tracks were later removed. In August, the FBI arrested Coghill under the Family Entertainment and Copyright Act for pre-releasing copyrighted material.[134] According to Techdirt, Cogill's arrest unintentionally resulted in a large boost in illegal downloads of the album.[135] They also revealed that UMG showed Best Buy search engine traffic results shortly after the case to capitalize on the interest and help them with the distribution deal.[136] In November, Cogill agreed to plead guilty to one federal count of copyright infringement, which was later brought down to a misdemeanor.[137][138] Former Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash commented on the case, stating, "I hope he rots in jail. It's going to affect the sales of the record, and it's not fair."[139] Prosecutors initially aimed for six months jail time but the charges were brought down to a misdemeanor copyright infringement charge.[140][141] Cogill was sentenced to two months house arrest and was required to produce an anti-piracy video with the RIAA.[142] Cogill said he never made the video with the RIAA because they did not want to spend money on production costs.[143]
In 2014, Cogill revealed that he could not be charged for pre-releasing copyrighted material because the court could not prove that the album was being prepared for commercial distribution, stating, "the US government would have to prove, in court, that Chinese Democracy was really coming. And no one at the RIAA or the label had informed the government that these songs had been lying around for 14 years. Only that they had cost $12 million."[136]
Dr Pepper promotion
On March 26, 2008, some media outlets reported that soft drinks manufacturer Dr Pepper would offer a free can of its product to everyone in America—excluding former Guns N' Roses guitarists Buckethead and Slash—if the band released Chinese Democracy in 2008.[144][145] Later on March 26, Rose replied to Dr Pepper on Guns N' Roses' official website and spoke of his surprise at the company's support. Rose also said he would share his Dr Pepper with Buckethead as "some of Buckethead's performances are on Chinese Democracy".[146] After it was announced that the album would be released in 2008, Dr Pepper confirmed that it would uphold its pledge.[147] Dr Pepper's online distribution of free coupons upon the album's release on November 23, 2008, however, proved less than adequate. Lawyers for the band threatened Dr Pepper's parent company with a lawsuit two days after the album's release; in a letter to the company, Rose's lawyer Alan Gutman said, "The redemption scheme your company clumsily implemented for this offer was an unmitigated disaster which defrauded consumers and, in the eyes of vocal fans, ruined Chinese Democracy's release".[148] Rose's lawyer also demanded that the company make a full-page apology that would appear in The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, The New York Times, and The Los Angeles Times.[149][150] Later, in an online interview with a fan message forum, Rose said he told his lawyers it was a non-issue and was surprised by their actions, and that he believed they should have focused on the record release.[151]
Other Issues
Chinese Democracy is banned in the People's Republic of China because of perceived criticism in its title track of the Chinese government and a reference to the religious cult Falun Gong.[152] The Communist Party of China said through media that it "turns its spear point on China".[153][154]
In October 2009, electronic musician Ulrich Schnauss's record labels Independiente and Domino sued Guns N' Roses, alleging the band had committed copyright infringement by using portions of Schnauss' compositions in the song "Riad 'n the Bedouins".[155] The suit alleges the portions used were from Schnauss' Wherever You Are (2001) and A Strangely Isolated Place (2003). Brian Caplan, attorney for Domino, stated that they first contacted the Geffen label on February 26. Caplan told New York Daily News the label "attempted to explain [the samples] away", and "They tried to justify it".[156] Guns N' Roses vigorously denied the allegations; the band's manager Irving Azoff stated that "The snippets of 'ambient noise' in question were provided by a member of the album's production team who has assured us that these few seconds of sound were obtained legitimately", and added, "While the band resents the implication that they would ever use another artist's work improperly and are assessing possible counterclaims, they are confident this situation will be satisfactorily resolved". The two labels sought $1 million in damages against Geffen for the unauthorized use of the composition samples.[157]
In May 2010, former manager Irving Azoff's company Front Line Management sued Rose over unpaid concert fees.[158][159][160] Shortly afterwards, Rose filed a $5 million counter-lawsuit against Azoff claiming Azoff "sabotaged" the release of Chinese Democracy.[161][162] The suit claimed Azoff had "purposefully spoiled the Chinese Democracy album art, botched a sales deal with Best Buy, and even leaked songs online".[163] The lawsuit was settled "to the mutual satisfaction of the parties" in 2011.[164]
Critical reception
Aggregate scores | |
---|---|
Source | Rating |
AnyDecentMusic? | 5.8/10[165] |
Metacritic | 64/100[166] |
Review scores | |
Source | Rating |
AllMusic | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
The A.V. Club | A–[167] |
Consequence of Sound | B[168] |
The Guardian | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Mojo | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Pitchfork | 5.8/10[170] |
Q | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Rolling Stone | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Slant Magazine | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Spin | 7/10[76] |
Chinese Democracy received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 64, based on 28 reviews.[166] Los Angeles Times writer Ann Powers called it "a test for contemporary ears" and "a cyborgian blend of pop expressiveness, traditional rock bravado and Brian Wilson-style beautiful weirdness".[84] Chuck Klosterman, writing for The A.V. Club, reacted positively to the vocals and guitar parts but criticized some production elements.[167] Rolling Stone writer David Fricke commended Rose's unrestrained approach and called it "a great, audacious, unhinged and uncompromising hard-rock record".[81] Rolling Stone later ranked the album number 12 on its year-end list of 2008's best albums.[173] MSN Music's Robert Christgau said Rose succeeds on "his own totally irrelevant terms" and added, "Since he's no longer capable of leading young white males astray, this effort isn't just pleasurable artistically. It's touching on a human level."[174] Sputnikmusic praised the album as more consistent than previous Guns N' Roses albums.[77] MOJO magazine praised the album's ambitiousness.[169] In a 2015 review, Artistdirect praised the album, calling it "a timeless work of art".[175]
In a mixed review, Chicago Tribune writer Greg Kot found Axl Rose's production over-embellished.[176] The Guardian criticized the album's incohesiveness, saying it sounds like a compilation album and calling it "exhausting to listen to", but praised Rose's melodies.[93] Pitchfork complimented the vocals on the album but criticized it for sounding dated.[170] Q considered the album overproduced, stating "by throwing everything at the wall and nailing up the stuff that didn't stick, [Rose has] done himself a grand disservice".[171] Kitty Empire, writing for The Observer, accused Rose of "cribbing" from the industrial rock of Nine Inch Nails.[75] The New York Times described Chinese Democracy as "a transitional album".[177] Rock biographer Stephen Davis was more vitriolic and named Chinese Democracy "the worst album ever".[178]
The album was nominated for the Juno Award for International Album of the Year in 2009, losing to Coldplay's Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends.[179][180] The song "If The World" was nominated for "Best Original Song" at the 13th Satellite Awards, losing to "Another Way to Die" by Jack White and Alicia Keys.[181]
Former band members' opinions
Duff McKagan praised the album, saying "Axl sounds amazing" and "I think Axl's finally made the record he always wanted to".[182] Slash reacted positively to the title track, stating "That sounds cool. It's good to hear Axl's voice again, y'know?"[183] When the album was released, Slash said, "It's a really good record. It's very different from what the original Guns N' Roses sounded like, but it's a great statement by Axl ... It's a record that the original Guns N' Roses could never possibly make. And at the same time it just shows you how brilliant Axl is."[184] In a later interview, Slash stated the album was "exactly what I thought it would sound like", with many synthesizers and digital augmentations.[185] Soon after its release, Izzy Stradlin, said "I have listened to some tracks off the record and I enjoyed them" and "I like what I've heard".[186][187] Steven Adler, when asked if he liked the album, said "Not one bit. I didn’t recognise Axl’s voice on it. There’s occasional parts where he does his loud scream but I didn’t even know it was him."[188] Gilby Clarke stated "I think it's a really good record—I honestly do ... Knowing [the] direction [in which] he wanted to take the band, I think he hit the nail on the head; I think he did a great job".[189] Matt Sorum called the album a "toe-tapper".[190] Early Guns N' Roses guitarist Tracii Guns said he thought the album was "over-indulgent, sterile and not that exciting".[191]
Commercial performance
US retailer Best Buy purchased 1.3 million copies of Chinese Democracy from UMG before release and pledged not to return any excess copies.[192] The album was released on November 22, 2008, in Germany,[193] Switzerland,[194] and Austria.[195] It was released the following day worldwide, except for the United Kingdom, where it was released on November 24.[196] Chinese Democracy debuted at number three on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 261,000 copies in its first week—well below expectations.[197][198][199][200] The album also debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart.[201] Second Week US sales dropped significantly and it fell from #3 to #18 on the Billboard chart; a 78-percent drop.[202] The programming director at KLOS-FM said the low sales were due to the album being released during the holiday season and a lackluster lead single.[202] Critics also named Rose's lack of promotional appearances as a factor.[202][203]
After selling 21,000 copies in its sixth week and charting at #30, the album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), passing the 500,000-shipped mark on January 7, 2009.[204] Chinese Democracy was certified Platinum by the RIAA on February 3, 2009, having shipped one million copies in the United States.[205][206] The album placed 55th on the 2009 Billboard 200 Year End charts.[207]
Chinese democracy secured an IFPI European Platinum Award, having sold more than one million copies in Europe,[208][209] and had sold 2.6 million units worldwide as of February 2009, according to Universal Music.[206] The album also reached triple platinum certification in Canada and was awarded platinum certifications in many other countries, including Finland, the Czech Republic, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.[210] It was certified gold in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Brazil, and Colombia.[210] After Best Buy clearanced the album for $2 in April 2011, it re-entered the US Billboard 200 chart in the week ending April 3, 2011, selling 3,200 copies—enough for the 198th position. At that date, the album had sold 614,000 copies in the US according to Nielsen Soundscan.[211] In the UK, it has sold 365,899 copies as of July 2014.[212] As of March 2018, the album has sold 2,740,000 copies worldwide.[213]
Track listing
Songwriting credits via ASCAP.
All lyrics are written by Axl Rose. "Madagascar" contains samples of speeches written by Martin Luther King, Jr.
No. | Title | Music | Length |
---|---|---|---|
1. | "Chinese Democracy" |
| 4:43 |
2. | "Shackler's Revenge" |
| 3:37 |
3. | "Better" |
| 4:58 |
4. | "Street of Dreams" |
| 4:46 |
5. | "If the World" |
| 4:54 |
6. | "There Was a Time" |
| 6:41 |
7. | "Catcher in the Rye" |
| 5:53 |
8. | "Scraped" |
| 3:30 |
9. | "Riad N' the Bedouins" |
| 4:10 |
10. | "Sorry" |
| 6:14 |
11. | "I.R.S." |
| 4:28 |
12. | "Madagascar" |
| 5:38 |
13. | "This I Love" | Rose | 5:34 |
14. | "Prostitute" |
| 6:15 |
Total length: | 71:18 |
Personnel
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.[214]
Guns N' Roses
|
Additional musicians
Design
|
Production
- Caram Costanzo – engineering and digital editing (all tracks), arrangements (tracks 2, 3, 6, 8 and 14), initial production (track 8), sub drums (track 13), production, mixing
- Roy Thomas Baker – additional production and preproduction
- Engineering: Jeff "Critter" Newell, Dan Monti, Jeremy Blair
- Eric Caudieux – digital editing (all tracks), drum machine and drum programming (track 5), arrangements (tracks 6), sub drums (track 13), additional production, Pro Tools engineering
- Sean Beavan – recording and digital editing (tracks 1, 4–6, 9, 11, 12 and 14), arrangements (tracks 1, 4, 6, 9 and 11), initial production (tracks 4–6, 11 and 12), additional production
- Youth – initial arrangement suggestions, Additional Demo Pre-production (track 12)
- Pete Scaturro – arrangements and initial production (tracks 2 and 10), keyboards, digital editing and engineering (track 10)
- Billy Howerdel – recording and editing (track 6), Logic Pro engineering
- Stuart White – Logic Pro engineering
- John O'Mahony – Pro Tools mixing
- Engineering Assistance: Okhee Kim, Andy Gwynn, Brian Monteath, Dave Dominguez, Jose Borges, Joe Peluso, Christian Baker, James Musshorn, Jan Petrov, JeffRobinette, Bob Koszela, Paul Payne, Mark Gray, Xavier Albira, Dror Mohar, Eric Tabala, Shawn Berman, Donald Clark, Shinnosuke Miyazawa, Vanessa Parr, John Beene, Al Perrotta
- Additional Pro Tools: Greg Morgenstein, Paul DeCarli, Billy Bowers, Justin Walden, Rail Jon Rogut, Isaac Abolin
- Andy Wallace – mixing
- Mixing Assistance: Mike Scielzi, Paul Suarez
- Bob Ludwig – mastering
Charts and Certifications
Weekly charts
|
Year-end charts
Certifications
|
Singles
Year | Single | Peak chart positions | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US [263] |
US Main [264] |
AUS [265] |
AUT [266] |
GER [267] |
IRE [268] |
NL [269] |
NZ [270] |
SWE [271] |
SWI [272] |
UK [273] | ||
2008 | "Chinese Democracy" | 34 | 5 | 54 | 26 | 38 | 3 | 15 | 27 | 3 | 11 | 27 |
2018 | "Better" | — | 18 | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * |
2009 | "Street of Dreams" | — | — | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * |
"–" denotes releases that did not chart. * denotes promotional release; not eligible for international charts |
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Footnotes
- ^ Michael Jackson's Invincible allegedly had a $30 million production.[123]
External links
- Chinese Democracy at YouTube (streamed copy where licensed)
- Chinese Democracy at Discogs (list of releases)
- Chinese Democracy at Metacritic