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The blocks north of Second Street lost prestige and began to house businesses catering to working-class and Spanish-speaking Angelenos; the buildings deteriorated.<ref name=wap/><ref name="lat1931"/> |
The blocks north of Second Street lost prestige and began to house businesses catering to working-class and Spanish-speaking Angelenos; the buildings deteriorated.<ref name=wap/><ref name="lat1931"/> |
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== |
==Maps== |
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The area contained many streets which no longer exist or only exist outside the boundaries of the 1880s-1890s CBD. These include: Arcadia St., Buena Vista St., Center Pl., Commercial St., Ferguson St., Franklin St., Marchessault St. (now Paseo de la Plaza), Market Ct., New High St., |
The area contained many streets which no longer exist or only exist outside the boundaries of the 1880s-1890s CBD. These include: Arcadia St., Buena Vista St., Center Pl., Commercial St., Ferguson St., Franklin St., Marchessault St. (now Paseo de la Plaza), Market Ct., New High St., '''Calle de Los Negros''', and Requena St. |
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Maps of the area from Hill St. east to Los Angeles St. and from the Plaza south to 2nd St. in 1886, left; and today, right: |
Maps of the area from Hill St. east to Los Angeles St. and from the Plaza south to 2nd St. in 1886, left; and today, right: |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File:Los Angeles CBD 1886 map.jpg|frameless| |
[[File:Los Angeles CBD 1886 map.jpg|frameless|x435px|Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of the Los Angeles CBD in 1886]] |
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[[File:2019 map of 1880s-1890s Los Angeles CBD, now part of Civic Center.jpg|frameless| |
[[File:2019 map of 1880s-1890s Los Angeles CBD, now part of Civic Center.jpg|frameless|x435px|2019 map (Hill St. E to San Pedro St., Plaza S to 2nd St.)]] |
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The buildings described in this article were located in the street grid as shown: |
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==Buildings== |
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{|class="wikitable" width="900px" |
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|style="text-align: center;"|BELLEVUE ST. |
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|rowspan="19" style="text-align: center;"|B<br>R<br>O<br>A<br>D<br>W<br>A<br>Y |
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|style="text-align: center;"|BELLEVUE ST. |
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|rowspan="12" style="text-align: center;"|N<br>E<br>W<br><br>H<br>I<br>G<br>H<br><br>S<br>T. |
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| colspan="2" | |
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| style="text-align: center;"|REPUBLIC ST. |
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|rowspan="19" style="text-align: center;"|M<br>A<br>I<br>N |
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|style="text-align: center;"|PLAZA |
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|rowspan="19" style="text-align: center;"|L<br>O<br>S<br><br>A<br>N<br>G<br>E<br>L<br>E<br>S<br><br>S<br>T. |
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|- |
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| rowspan="5" style="text-align:right;vertical-align: bottom;"| Temperance Temple<br>(NW corner Temple/Broadway) |
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| colspan="4" rowspan="5"| |
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| rowspan="5" style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;"| |
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-Lafayette Hotel |
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<br>-Downey Block,<br>later Post Office and <br>Courthouse (1910-?),<br>NW cor Main/Temple |
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<p>Pico House</p> |
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<p>Merced Theater</p> |
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<p style="text-align:right;">Arcadia Block</p> |
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|style="text-align: center;"|ARCADIA ST. |
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|- |
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-Baker Block, SE cor Main/Arcadia |
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<br>-Grand Central Hotel |
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<br>-Farmers & Merchants Bank |
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<br>-Bella Union/St. Charles Hotel |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"| COMMERCIAL ST. |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"|TEMPLE ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|TEMPLE ST. |
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|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"|TEMPLE ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|REQUENA ST. |
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|- |
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| rowspan="5" style="text-align: right;"| |
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High School (1873-1887)/<br>Red Sandstone<br>Courthouse (1891-1936) |
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<p>Hall of Records (1911-1973)</p> |
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| rowspan="5" | |
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| rowspan="5" style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;"| |
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Phillips Block<br>(NW cor Spring/Franklin) |
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| rowspan="14" style="text-align: center;"|S<br>P<br>R<br>I<br>N<br>G |
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| style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"| |
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Temple Block |
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|rowspan="7"| |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"| MARKET ST. |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"| |
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Clock Tower Courthouse<br>(1895: Bullard Block)<br>(Site of current [[Los Angeles City Hall|City Hall]]) |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"| COURT ST. |
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|- |
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|rowspan="3" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"| |
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Los Angeles<br>National Bank |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"| FRANKLIN ST. |
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|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"| FRANKLIN ST. |
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|- |
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| style="text-align: right;"| |
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<br/>Tajo Building |
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| style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"| |
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Times Building (1912) |
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom;"| |
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Larronde Block |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"|FIRST ST. |
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|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"|FIRST ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|FIRST ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|FIRST ST. |
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|- |
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| Southwest Bldg.<br>(Chamber of Commerce)<br>130 S. Broadway |
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|colspan="2" style="text-align: right; vertical-align: top;"| |
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Nadeau Hotel (1882) |
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|style="text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"| |
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Wilson Block |
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<br/> |
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|- |
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|colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"| |
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Bryson-Bonebrake<br>Block (1888) |
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Burdick Block<br>(1888/1900) |
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|- |
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|style="text-align: center;"|SECOND ST. |
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|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"|SECOND ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|SECOND ST. |
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|style="text-align: center;"|SECOND ST. |
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|- |
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| style="text-align: right;"| |
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Potomac Block |
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| style="text-align: left;"| |
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1888 City Hall, E side B'way S of 2nd |
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;"| |
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Hollenbeck Hotel |
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Wilcox Bldg (1895-6) |
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|} |
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==Major buildings by street== |
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Sources: ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'',<ref name="lat1931"/> Water & Power Associates<ref name=wap/> |
Sources: ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'',<ref name="lat1931"/> Water & Power Associates<ref name=wap/> |
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Centrally located businesses and institutions in the 1880s-1890s CBD area are listed; some were built after 1900 when the area formed part of a larger CBD, but all were demolished for the construction of the Civic Center. |
Centrally located businesses and institutions in the 1880s-1890s CBD area are listed; some were built after 1900 when the area formed part of a larger CBD, but all were demolished for the construction of the Civic Center. |
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===Broadway=== |
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{| class="wikitable" width="900px" |
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!West side |
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! |
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!East side |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:right;vertical-align=bottom;"| |
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{{anchor|Temperance Temple}} |
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[[File:Broadway-Temple-NW-Temperance-Temple-of-the-Womens-Christian-Temperance-Union-1890.jpg|thumb|center|430px|The Women's Christian Temperance Union a.k.a. Temperance Temple, built 1888 in an 1890 photo with a [[cable car]] of the [[Temple Street Cable Railway]]]] |
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Temperance Temple<ref>[https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_3.html#Temperance_Temple "Temperance Temple", Water and Power Associates]</ref> |
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| rowspan="8" style="text-align:middle;"|B<br>R<br>O<br>A<br>D<br>W<br>A<br>Y |
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| |
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|- |
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|style="text-align:middle;"|TEMPLE STREET |
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|style="text-align:middle;"|TEMPLE STREET |
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|- |
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[[File:Los Angeles High School on Pound Cake Hill, 1870s.jpg|thumb|430px|center|[[Los Angeles High School]] on Pound Cake Hill, 1870s]] |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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[[Los Angeles High School]] original location on Pound Cake Hill (1873-1887), between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was moved to California/Sand street and in 1890 a new facility was built on [[Fort Moore Hill]], approximately where Broadway today crosses the Hollywood Freeway and immediately north. |
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===Mixed-use blocks=== |
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[[File:1870s Arcadia Block.jpg|thumb|left|Arcadia Block, 1870s]] |
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====Arcadia Block==== |
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Arcadia, NW corner of Los Angeles Street. Built by Abel Stearns in 1858 for $80,000. Razed in 1927.<ref>{{cite news |title=Historic Building Is Razed: Flood of Memories Released |url=https://homesteadmuseum.wordpress.com/2017/05/15/on-this-day-the-demolition-of-the-arcadia-block-from-the-los-angeles-times-15-may-1927/ |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=May 15, 1927}}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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[[File:The city and county of Los Angeles in southern California (1903) (14783523833).jpg|thumb|center|430px|1891 Courthouse and Post Office]] |
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[[File:1880 Baker Block.jpg|thumb|left|Baker Block, Los Angeles, around 1880]] |
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====Baker Block==== |
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[[Second Empire architecture]], SE corner Main and Arcadia, 1875 (third floor added 1878). Built on the site of Don [[Abel Stearns]]' 1835-8 adobe "palacio" (mansion), Col. Robert S. Baker having married Stearns' widow, Arcadia Bandini de Stearns. When built, it was called the "finest emporium of commerce south of San Francisco". The ground floor housed retail tenants such as [[Coulter's|B. F. Coulter]] (at one time), George D. Rowan and Eugene Germain. The second floor was offices, and the third floor held the city's most upscale apartments. By the 1930s, the block housed [[Goodwill Industries]]. |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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The '''Red Sandstone Courthouse''' on Pound Cake Hill, between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was built on the site of [[Los Angeles High School]] and replaced facilities at the Temple Courthouse. It functioned additionally as a post office and federal agency building, built 1891. Damaged beyond repair by Long Beach earthquake 1933, demolished 1936.<ref name=gsa/> |
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[[File:Bryson Block on the corner of Second Street and Spring Street, Los Angeles, 1905 (CHS-5289).jpg|thumb|left|Bryson or Bryson-Bonebrake Block or Building built 1886-8, photo 1905]] |
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|- |
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====Bryson Block==== |
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|colspan=2|FRANKLIN STREET |
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Also known as the Bryson-Bonebrake Block or Bryson Bonebrake Building, southeast corner 2nd and Spring, built 1886-1888 for $224,000 on the site of a public school and an early city hall, as a 126-room bank and office building. [[Romanesque architecture]]. Two stories added 1902-1904. Demolished 1934. Architect Joseph Cather Newsom (Newsom and Newsom). Its exterior was, according to [[Pacific Coast Architecture Database|PCAD]], "nothing short of amazing, displaying a riotous and eclectic amalgam of features". Built for mayor [[John Bryson (mayor)|John Bryson]] and Major George H. Bonebrake, President of the [[Los Angeles National Bank]] and the State Loan and Trust Company.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Bryson-Bonebrake Building, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA (1886-1888) demolished |journal=Pacific Coast Architecture Database |url=http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/2658/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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|- |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File:1880s view of the Downey Block located on the northwest corner of Temple and Main streets as seen from the front of Temple Block.jpg|thumb|left|Downey Block, Los Angeles, 1880s]] |
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|[[File:Los Angeles Times Building (built 1886), photo about 1887.jpg|thumb|430px|center|[[Los Angeles Times]] Building (built 1886), photo about 1887]]{{clear}}[[Los Angeles Times]] (1881 building), NE corner of 1st and Broadway; This 1886 building was razed after damage from a bomb 1910, and rebuilt in 1912. The Times later moved further south on Broadway.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_2.html#LA_Times_Building1</ref> |
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====Downey Block==== |
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{{clear}} |
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NW corner Main & Temple, built in 1871 on the site of [[Jonathan Temple]]'s old adobe store, the first dry goods store in Los Angeles. [[Romanesque architecture]]. The first home of the [[Los Angeles Times]], the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] and the [[Los Angeles Athletic Club]]. Victor Dol's '''Commercial Restaurant''' was located on the ground floor. |
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[[File:Postcard with a photograph of the Hall of Records in Los Angeles, ca.1910 (EXM-P-S-LOS-ANG-CIT-BUI-705).jpg|thumb|430px|center|Hall of Records, built 1911, demolished 1973]]{{clear}}The '''Hall of Records''' was built next door to the Red Sandstone Courthouse in 1911, taking up the block between Spring, Broadway, Franklin, and First. It was demolished in 1973. |
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|- |
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|colspan=2 style="text-align:middle;"|FIRST STREET |
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|- |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File:LosAngelesCityHall1884to1888.jpg|thumb|center|Second Street looking west from Spring Street towards Broadway. The Mirror Building on the right, mid block, north side, functioned as City Hall between 1884-1888. On the left, [[Hollenbeck Block]], with the First Presbyterian Church (SW corner of 2nd & Broadway in the back]] |
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{{clear}} |
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The [[Mirror Building]], mid-block on the north side of 2nd street between Broadway and the Bryson-Bonebrake Block on Spring, was used as Los Angeles City Hall between 1884-1888.<ref>[http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/744 Cal Parks, Site 744]</ref><ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=123038 hmdb.org, Mirror Building]</ref><ref>[https://www.californiahistoricallandmarks.com/landmarks/chl-744 californiahistoricallandmarks.com 744 -No. 744 Mirror Building - Los Angeles]</ref> |
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|colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|South side of 2nd<br> |
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[[File:Broadway looking south from Second Street, Los Angeles, ca.1895-1905 (CHS-1363).jpg|thumb|center|430px|Broadway looking south from Second Street, ca. 1895-1905. The 1888 City Hall is visible on the left (east) side.]] |
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[[File:Broadway 200 N Block 1890s.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Sketch of the west side of Broadway, 2nd to 3rd streets in the 1890s. At left: Bicknell Block; [[Potomac Block]] with [[Ville de Paris (department store)|Ville de Paris]]]] |
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|style="text-align:right;"| |
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[[File:California Bank Building SW corner 2nd and Broadway Los Angeles around 1890.jpg|thumb|right|430px|California Bank Building SW corner 2nd and Broadway Los Angeles around 1890]] |
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{{clear}} |
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—201–205, site of California Bank Building |
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<br>—site of Merchants Trust Co. Building |
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<br>—215-217, site of Pacific Furniture House (1940s) |
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<br>—219, site of Fisch's Department Store (1940s) |
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[[File:Potomac Block.jpg|thumb|right|430px|[[Potomac Block]], W side of Broadway between 2nd and 3rd, 1890s]] |
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i[[File:VilleDeParisLosAngeles1901.jpg|thumb|right|430px|[[Ville de Paris (department store)]], 221–3 S. Broadway. Demolished.]] |
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{{clear}} |
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—221–223, site of [[Potomac Block]], home to[[Ville de Paris (department store)]] 1893–1905. In 1905 the Potomac Block became part of the Coulter's Department Store complex |
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<br>—Site of [[Coulter's]] department store, in three buildings:<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31677707/coulters_location_1906_225229_s/</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ad for Coulter's new store opening |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/57076734/new-coulter-store-may-31-1905-225-s/ |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=May 31, 1905}}</ref> |
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<br>——213-5-7-9-221-3: B. F. Coulter Building (1905-1917 the 215 building continued as a branch through 1927). Demolished early 1950s. |
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<br>——225-7-9: Bicknell Building, 1905–1917. After 1917: Western Shoe Company (-1922)/Western Department Store (1922-1928). Lettering covered the face of the building from top to bottom through the end of the 1950s: "THE LARGEST SHOE DEPT. IN THE WEST".<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/57352206/western-shoe-company-western/</ref> |
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<br>——224-56-8 S. Hill St. at the back |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File:Boston Dry Goods and Harris Newmark buildings 1899.jpg|thumb|right|430px|[[J. W. Robinson's]] Boston Dry Goods (237-241) and Harris Newmark (231-5) buildings, Broadway, Los Angeles, 1899]] |
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{{clear}} |
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—231-235, site of Harris Newmark Building (1899, Abram Edelman), Bartlett Music Co. (#233), annex to J. W. Robinson's (#235); Goodwill Industries store (#233-235, 1950s-60s). All but the ground floor have been removed. |
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<br>—237-241, site of Boston Dry Goods Building (1895, [[Theodore Eisen]] and [[Sumner Hunt]], designer of the [[Bradbury Building]])<ref>{{cite news |title=The Boston Dry Goods Store |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/378309330 |accessdate=3 May 2019 |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=1 January 1895 |page=29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The New Boston Store:Los Angeles' Finest Commercial Structure Is Complete |publisher=Los Angeles Herald |date=4 October 1895 |page=5}}</ref>, home to [[J. W. Robinson's]] "Boston (Dry Goods) Store", 1895–1915, Scott's Department Store (239–241, 1920s), Third Street Store (237-241, 1950s-60s), all but the ground floor have been removed, how home to a wedding chapel. |
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<br/> |
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|B<br>R<br>O<br>A<br>D<br>W<br>A<br>Y |
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*First Presbyterian Church |
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*B'nai B'rith Temple (1873) |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File: |
[[File:1888 Los Angeles City Hall- E side of Broadway btw 2nd and 3rd.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Los Angeles City Hall (built 1888) - E side of Broadway btw 2nd and 3rd]] |
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====Philips Block==== |
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Main north of Temple (across from Commercial), built c. 1882, architect [[Burgess J. Reeve]], housed [[A. Hamburger & Sons]] "The People's Store", the largest retailer in Los Angeles at the time; four stories, cost $260,000<ref name=exam>{{cite news |title=Architect B. J. Reeve |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31520774/burgess_j_reeve_works_1887/ |accessdate=13 May 2019 |publisher=San Francisco Examiner |date=August 14, 1887 |page=19}}</ref> Shortly after construction housed most of the [[A. Hamburger & Sons]] "People's Store", eventually the city's largest retailer. |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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'''City Hall''' (1888 location; City Hall moved to its present location in 1928, demolished 1929, now a parking lot). Three stories, {{convert|150|ft|m|adj=on}} [[campanile]]. Architect S. I. Haas. [[Romanesque architecture]]. Red and brown brick. Housed the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] for a time until it moved to the new [[Hamburger's]] department store building at 8th & Broadway in 1908.<ref>{{cite journal |title=CityDig: This Was L.A.'s City Hall for 39 Years |journal=Los Angeles magazine |date=May 8, 2014 |url=https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/citydig-this-was-las-city-hall-for-39-years/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:1880s Temple Block.jpg|thumb|left|Temple Block, Los Angeles, around 1880]] |
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====Temple Block==== |
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Actually a collection of different structures that occupied the block between the east side of Spring, west side of Main and south side of Temple St. Built 1858, expanded 1871, housing many law offices. On the ground floor retail tenants included [[Desmond's|Daniel Desmond]], whose hat shop was the forerunner of a chain of department stores; [[Jacoby Bros.]] Dry Goods, which was purchased by [[May Company California|May Company]] in the 1920s, Harry Slotterbeck's gun shop, and the [[Wells Fargo]] office. |
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|} |
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The first or "Old" Temple Block was a two-story adobe structure on that block facing north on Temple street intersect. This was incorporated into the later Temple Block, and then demolished. |
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=== |
===Spring Street=== |
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{| class="wikitable" width="900px" |
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Temple Market or Temple Theater, Temple Courthouse and Market, Clock Tower Courthouse, Old County Courthouse, etc., was also built by John Temple, in 1858, originally as a market (ground floor) and theater (upper floor). It was located immediately to the south of the Temple Block across Court Street. It was demolished and replaced by the Bullard Block in 1895-6.<ref>{{cite news |title=Buildings and Lands. The July Permits Break the Record. The Remarkable Gains over Last Year's List. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56181241/bullard-block-under-construction/ |publisher=Los Angeles Express |date=August 3, 1895 |page=5}}</ref><ref>[https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_3.html#Bullard_Block "Bullard Block", Los Angeles Water & Power]</ref> |
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|- |
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|style="text-align:center;"|TEMPLE |
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|rowspan="12" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"|S<br>P<br>R<br>I<br>N<br>G<br> <br>S<br>T<br>R<br>E<br>E<br>T |
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|style="text-align:center;"|TEMPLE |
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|- |
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|rowspan="4" style="text-align:right;"| |
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{{anchor|Phillips Block}} |
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{{clear}} |
{{clear}} |
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[[File:Hamburger's People's Store Spring Street ca. 1890s.jpg|thumb|right|430px|View north on Spring St. from First St., [[Phillips Block]] at left (west), 1890s]] |
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[[File:Exterior view of the Wilcox Building on the southeast corner of Spring Street and 2nd Street, ca.1905 (CHS-5129).jpg|thumb|left|Wilcox Building, built 1895-6, photo 1905]] |
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====Wilcox Building==== |
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SE corner Spring & 2nd St. (205 S. Spring), built 1895-6, 5 stories, all but the ground floor demolished 1971 after damage from the [[1971 Sylmar earthquake]], ground floor remains. Housed the [[California Club]] until 1904, when it moved to 4th & Hill. [[H. Jevne]]'s wine and gourmet grocery store. [[Southwestern School of Law]] was located on its top floors 1915–1924.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Wilcox Building #2 |journal=Pacific Coast Architecture Database |url=http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/1105/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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—'''Phillips Block''', 129–133 N. Spring St. (post-1890 numbering), 29–33 N. Spring St. (pre-1890 numbering), on the northwest corner of Spring Street and Franklin streets, backing up to New High St. at its west. Built on the site of the one-story adobe [[Los Angeles County Jail|County Jail]]. Opened in 1888, architect [[Burgess J. Reeve]], four and a half stories, owned by [[Pomona Valley]] rancher [[Louis Phillips (rancher)|Louis Phillips]], cost $260,000. {{convert|120|ft|m}} of frontage on Spring St., {{convert|218|ft|m}} on Franklin, {{convert|121|ft|m}} along New High Street. The second four-story structure built in L.A. Sometimes called Phillips Block No. 1; there was a "Phillips Block No. 2" at 135–145 Los Angeles St., west side between Market and 1st.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stern |first1=Norton B. |title=Louis Phillips of the Pomona Valley |journal=Historical Society of Southern California |pages=184 |url=https://watermark.silverchair.com/41171034.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAo8wggKLBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggJ8MIICeAIBADCCAnEGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMEKZ2MyNT_gFWZEr9AgEQgIICQmVieN1o604jFPbuhqrfYSi2nhgL-jQ6jZBgo0naOInLVsVAvTm5rgng_p-GmezfBZvcuST4vZStwxJa8ccWnqe_gd6zlJyXzBBAMRlQy04GOaXwaTjtiEIo0Ou3wiPxzVQ5tR1yKQMWJ2rzcDzuar7YP1yxQpN21iU3uaatlbmJOtBCUoChP0USQkXcFnZYvBaZGMQtC90eDVbWqswpXYG7OLRNizARzB8bfykx389h_YzfiWxk0UWcGl2TecAn0n8dtOMRSeMkiAe21xuia1fkdoo6YJybgQDgj-j92-JtOuPNmJv1XVSzy5VqFd2-7zBvuOR4LdjWMN0R_pKsSCqSg3EfBoA_YAJIjrLFrbL9taq5X1IrZVoNkpNVSRRacMspCh_0J5sbaY5TCGLnDSPPBUV3FNV_aRL1RVDuJ7Ni8YWrVYg16gY5lLkfCzkiKnvRs1_04Asc2cJ1RtcSYxUMpMahJyTiUPUPsz_roGlQNxFkWnAKt9W0yJse-P6XIVvi99uMUx0Bs32XAtitvJsd5n9jj-OVlkAWRYyik69Oh66KJTES0VOFd5PBBMEN3NgZTjc7om7ir6w2egefpujgWjvADWJ8Yu_hu781o1-rATSCdg7l2UihF9cWon_BT0y-9bUpNUeHewm6sq3kWhkEX5at2pLpNEavO3Dw6u1dG-9CgtSZSDX9CRymi01TYhwM4BBZ36Rd_dseLIWbPtZapvykr7XM1PNIcg8_KTAReQR6ibWXF6JMx1S_syGvuQN4}}</ref> In July 1888, [[A. Hamburger & Sons]], "The People's Store", opened a new large store here and was the largest retail store in the Western United States.<ref name=exam>{{cite news |title=Architect B. J. Reeve |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31520774/burgess_j_reeve_works_1887/ |accessdate=13 May 2019 |publisher=San Francisco Examiner |date=August 14, 1887 |page=19}}</ref> |
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[[File:LA,Spring & 1st, 1920.jpg|thumb|left|Wilson Block, SE corner Spring & 1st as seen in 1920]] |
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====Wilson Block==== |
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[[File:1880s Temple Block.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Temple Block, Los Angeles, around 1880]] |
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SE corner Spring & 1st |
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{{anchor|Temple Block}} |
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'''Temple Block''': actually a collection of different structures that occupied the block between the east side of Spring, west side of Main and south side of Temple St. The first or "Old" Temple Block was of adobe, two stories, facing north to Temple. This was incorporated into the later Temple Block, and then demolished. Built 1858, expanded 1871, housing many law offices. On the ground floor retail tenants included retailers [[Desmond's]], [[Jacoby Bros.]], Slotterbeck's gun shop; and the [[Wells Fargo]] office. |
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|style="text-align:center;"|MARKET ST. |
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[[File:1885 Temple Block with clock tower. Victorian buildings behind are - Amestoy Building and United States Hotel located at Main and Requena (Market).jpg|thumb|center|430px|Temple Courthouse with clock tower, 1885. At back, the United States Hotel at Main & Requena (Market).]] |
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'''Clock Tower Courthouse''': Just south of Temple Block across tiny Market Street, was a building known by many additional names including Temple Market, Temple Theater, Old County Courthouse, etc. Also built by John Temple, in 1858, originally as a market (ground floor) and theater (upper floor). Demolished 1890s.<ref>{{cite news |title=Buildings and Lands. The July Permits Break the Record. The Remarkable Gains over Last Year's List. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56181241/bullard-block-under-construction/ |publisher=Los Angeles Express |date=August 3, 1895 |page=5}}</ref><ref>[https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_3.html#Bullard_Block "Bullard Block", Los Angeles Water & Power]</ref> Served as a market and retail as well as the County Courthouse 1861-1891 until the Red Sand Courthouse was built.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block</ref> Topped by a rectangular tower with a clock on all four sides.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block</ref><ref name=gsa>{{cite web |title=U.S. Courthouse, Los Angeles, CA |url=https://www.gsa.gov/historic-buildings/us-courthouse-los-angeles-ca |website=General Services Administration |accessdate=13 May 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:Bullard Block 1900.jpg|thumb|Left|430px|Bullard Block in 1900]] |
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*Bullard Block, 1895-6, [[Morgan & Walls]],<ref>https://www.newspapers.com/clip/57340846/bullard-block-the-hub-opening/</ref> 154–160 N. Spring, NE corner of Court St., replaced the Clock Tower Courthouse. See photo below of "La Fiesta". |
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|style="text-align:center;"|FRANKLIN ST. |
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|style="text-align:center;"|COURT ST. |
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[[File:Larronde Block 1898.png|thumb|right|430px|Larronde Block, NW corner 1st & Spring, 1898]] |
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[[File:Larronde Block undated.png|thumb|right|430px|Larronde Block, NW corner 1st & Spring, undated photo, probably 1910s]] |
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{{anchor|Larronde Block}} |
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—Larronde Block (1882), NW corner 1st & Spring, shops and offices |
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| [[File:La Fiesta de Los Angeles parade, Spring Street, north from First Street, 1903 (CHS-5012).jpg|thumb|center|430px|Spring Street looking north from First towards Temple during the Fiesta de Los Ángeles 1903. The tall building at top-center is the Bullard Block, 154–160 N. Spring, NE corner of Court St., topped by a sign for [[The Hub (Los Angeles)|The Hub]], a large clothing store]] |
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{{anchor|Los Angeles National Bank Building}} |
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{{anchor|Equitable Building (Downtown Los Angeles)}} |
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[[File:Los Angeles National Bank Building, NE corner of 1st and Spring, Los Angeles, 1887-1906.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Los Angeles National Bank Building, NE corner of 1st & Spring, [[Ezra F. Kysor|Kysor, Morgan & Walls]], [[Gothic Revival architecture]], 1887-1906]] |
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*Los Angeles National Bank Building (1887-1906), [[Ezra F. Kysor|Kysor, Morgan & Walls]], [[Gothic Revival architecture]] |
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[[File:Equitable Savings Bank Building NE corner 1st Spring Los Angeles 1906-1920s.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Equitable Savings Bank Building, NE corner of 1st & Spring, 1906-1920s]] |
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*Equitable Building (Equitable Savings Bank, 1906-1920s)<ref>[https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_2.html "Los Angeles National Bank" and "Equitable Savings Bank", Water and Power Associated]</ref> |
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|style="text-align:center;"|FIRST ST. |
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|style="text-align:center;"|FIRST ST. |
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[[File:Exterior view of the Nadeau Hotel on Spring Street and First Street, Los Angeles, ca.1905 (CHS-5290A).jpg|thumb|right|430px|Nadeau Hotel (1881/2-1932)]] |
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—Nadeau Hotel, built 1881-2, demolished 1932, [[Ezra F. Kysor|Kysor & Morgan]]. Southwest corner of Spring and First. First four-story building in the city.<ref>[http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/9499/ "Nadeau Hotel", PCAD]</ref> |
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[[File:LA,Spring & 1st, 1920.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Wilson Block, SE corner Spring & 1st as seen in 1920]] |
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{{anchor|Wilson Block}} |
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*'''Wilson Block''', SE corner Spring & 1st |
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[[File:Bryson Block on the corner of Second Street and Spring Street, Los Angeles, 1905 (CHS-5289).jpg|thumb|right|430px|Bryson or Bryson-Bonebrake Block or Building built 1886-8, photo 1905]] |
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{{anchor|Bryson Block}} |
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—The '''Bryson Block''', also known as the Bryson-Bonebrake Block or Bryson Bonebrake Building, northwest corner 2nd and Spring, built 1886-1888 for $224,000 on the site of a public school and an early city hall, as a 126-room bank and office building. [[Romanesque architecture]]. Two stories added 1902-1904. Demolished 1934. Architect Joseph Cather Newsom (Newsom & Newsom). [[Pacific Coast Architecture Database|PCAD]] states it was "nothing short of amazing, displaying a riotous and eclectic amalgam of features". Built for mayor [[John Bryson (mayor)|John Bryson]] and Major George H. Bonebrake, President of the [[Los Angeles National Bank]] and the State Loan & Trust Co.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Bryson-Bonebrake Building, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA (1886-1888) demolished |journal=Pacific Coast Architecture Database |url=http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/2658/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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|style="vertical-align:bottom;"| |
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{{anchor|Burdick Block}} |
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[[File:Spring 2nd NE Burdick Block 19020309sky.png|thumb|left|430px|Burdick Block, NE corner 2nd & Spring, built 1888 (Jasper Newton Preston), top floors added 1900 ([[John and Donald Parkinson|John Parkinson]]). Photo from 1902]] |
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—Burdick Block, 1888 (Jasper Newton Preston), top stories added 1900 ([[John and Donald Parkinson|John Parkinson]]) |
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| style="text-align:center;"|SECOND ST. |
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| style="text-align:center;"|SECOND ST. |
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| style="text-align:right;"| |
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[[File:Exterior of the Hollenbeck Hotel on the corner of Spring Street and Second Street, Los Angeles, ca.1900-1905 (CHS-2346).jpg|thumb|right|430px|Hollenbeck Block, home to the [[Hollenbeck Hotel]] and [[Coulter's]]. SW corner Spring and 2nd. Built in 1884, demolished in 1933. [[Robert Brown Young]], architect.]] |
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{{anchor|Hollenbeck Block}}{{anchor|Hollenbeck Hotel}} |
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—The '''Hollenbeck Block''' was located on the southwest corner of Spring and 2nd streets. It was built in 1884 by [[John Edward Hollenbeck]] and housed the [[Hollenbeck Hotel]] and, on the corner, [[Coulter's]] {{convert|6000|sqft|sqm|adj=on|abbr=on}} store. Built 1884, demolished in 1933. Architect [[Robert Brown Young]].<ref>[https://calisphere.org/item/0bf233c3400c19c56908266ab8d023c3/ "Hollenbeck Block", Calisphere, University of California]</ref> |
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[[File:Exterior view of the Wilcox Building on the southeast corner of Spring Street and 2nd Street, ca.1905 (CHS-5129).jpg|thumb|center|430px||Wilcox Building, built 1895-6, photo 1905]] |
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{{anchor|Wilcox Building}} |
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*'''Wilcox Building''', SE corner Spring & 2nd St. (205 S. Spring), built 1895-6, 5 stories, all but the ground floor demolished 1971 after damage from the [[1971 Sylmar earthquake]], ground floor remains. Housed the [[California Club]] until 1904, when it moved to 4th & Hill. [[H. Jevne]]'s wine and gourmet grocery store. [[Southwestern School of Law]] was located on its top floors 1915–1924.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Wilcox Building #2 |journal=Pacific Coast Architecture Database |url=http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/1105/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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====Spring Street Gallery==== |
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{{Gallery |
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|File:Ca1885 Temple Block front.jpg |
|File:Ca1885 Temple Block front.jpg|Temple Block, Los Angeles, around 1885 |
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|File:LosAngelesCentralBusinessDistrict1903.jpg|Spring & 2nd, showing Bryson Block before its added stories, 1903 |
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|Temple Block, Los Angeles, around 1885 |
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|File:Spring Street, Los Angeles, Calif (NYPL b12647398-66311).tiff|Spring Street |
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|File:LosAngelesCentralBusinessDistrict1903.jpg |
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|File:Spring Street, Los Angeles, from Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views.jpg|An early stereoscopic view of Spring Street |
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|Spring & 2nd, showing Bryson Block before its added stories, 1903 |
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|File:Spring Street at Court St. Los Angeles 1875.jpg|Spring Street at Court Street, 1875 |
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|File:1887 View of the Downey Block.jpg |
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|Downey Block, Los Angeles, 1887 |
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|File:1880 Lithograph of the Baker Block on the southeast corner of Main Street and Arcadia Street.jpg |
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|Baker Block, Los Angeles, around 1880 |
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|File:Broadway looking south from Second Street, Los Angeles, ca.1895-1905 (CHS-1363).jpg |
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|Broadway looking south from Second Street, ca. 1895-1905. The 1888 City Hall is visible on the left (east) side. |
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|File:Los Angeles Public Library at Los Angeles City Hall LCCN2007686640.jpg |
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|Los Angeles Public Library while housed at the 1888 City Hall, around 1905.jpg |
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|File:Spring Street, Los Angeles, Calif (NYPL b12647398-66311).tiff |
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|Spring Street |
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|File:Spring Street, Los Angeles, from Robert N. Dennis collection of stereoscopic views.jpg |
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|An early stereoscopic view of Spring Street |
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|File:Spring Street at Court St. Los Angeles 1875.jpg |
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|Spring Street at Court Street, 1875 |
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|File:Arcadia Block Los Angeles from an 1896 lithograph.jpg |
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|Arcadia Block, from an 1896 lithograph |
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}} |
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====Spring Street Retailers==== |
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===Retailers=== |
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{{See also|History of Retail in Southern California}} |
{{See also|History of Retail in Southern California}} |
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{{clear}}{{Gallery|width=330px|mode=packed |
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[[File:Coulter's in Baker Block ca. 1880.jpg|thumb|left|[[Coulter's|B. F. Coulter]] store in the Baker Block]] |
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|File:Hamburger's People's Store Spring Street Early 1880s.jpg|[[Hamburger's|A. Hamburger & Sons "The People's Store"]], Spring Street. Early 1880s]] |
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* B. F. Coulter 101-103-105 Spring St. at 2nd (after moving from the Baker Block) |
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|File:1896 Jacoby Bros in Temple Block.jpg|[[Jacoby Bros.]] in the Temple Block, around 1896]] |
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|File:LondonClothingCo.jpg|London Clothing Co. at Spring and Temple, which became [[Harris & Frank]], a chain of stores focused on men's clothing]] |
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[[File:Hamburger's People's Store Spring Street Early 1880s.jpg|thumb|left|Hamburger's People's Store Spring Street Early 1880s]] |
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}}{{clear}} |
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* [[Hamburger's|A. Hamburger & Sons "The People's Store"]], first location on Main at Requena, then Main north of Temple (across from Commercial) |
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[[File:1896 Jacoby Bros in Temple Block.jpg|thumb|left|[[Jacoby Bros.]] Dry Goods store in Temple Block, Los Angeles, around 1896]] |
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* [[Jacoby Bros.]] in the Temple Block |
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[[File:LondonClothingCo.jpg|thumb|left|London Clothing Co. at Spring & Temple]] |
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* London Clothing Co. at Spring and Temple, which became [[Harris & Frank]], a chain of stores focused on men's clothing |
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=== |
===Main Street=== |
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{| class="wikitable" width="900px" |
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[[File:1885 Temple Block with clock tower. Victorian buildings behind are - Amestoy Building and United States Hotel located at Main and Requena (Market).jpg|thumb|left|Temple Courthouse with clock tower, 1885. Victorian buildings in the background are the Amestoy Bldg. and the United States Hotel at Main and Requena (later Market St.).]] |
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* '''Temple Market Block''' or '''Temple Courthouse''', located between Spring (W) and Main (E), Market (N), and Court (S) streets. Market was a small street south of Temple and Court was a small street north of First. Not to be confused with Temple Block at the north end of Spring St. where it merges with Main Street. Served as a market and retail as well as the County Courthouse 1861-1891 until the Red Sand Courthouse was built.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block</ref> Also known as the "Clocktower Courthouse" because of its rectangular tower with a clock on all four sides.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block</ref><ref name=gsa>{{cite web |title=U.S. Courthouse, Los Angeles, CA |url=https://www.gsa.gov/historic-buildings/us-courthouse-los-angeles-ca |website=General Services Administration |accessdate=13 May 2019}}</ref> |
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|style="text-align:center;"|REPUBLIC |
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|rowspan="12" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"|M<br>A<br>I<br>N<br><br>S<br>T<br>R<br>E<br>E<br>T |
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|style="text-align:center;"|PLAZA |
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|rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:bottom;"| |
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[[File:Main St St Elmo Hotel ca 1890.jpg|thumb|430px|center|St. Elmo Hotel, around 1890]] |
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* '''Lafayette Hotel''', later Cosmopolitan Hotel, St. Elmo Hotel, Main St. just north of the Downey Block |
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* '''Merced Theatre''' |
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<br/> |
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[[File:Old Downey Block c1870 Harris Jacoby Kremer.png|thumb|center|430px|The '''Old''' Downey Block, around 1870, before Downey Block was built in 1871: "Harris & Jacoby", forerunners to [[Harris & Frank]] and [[Jacoby Bros.]], and M. Kremer, forerunner of the [[City of Paris (Los Angeles)|City of Paris, the city's first dept. store]]]] |
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[[File:CA-LosAngeles 1910 1 Ref.jpg|thumb|left|1910 Post Office and Courthouse, Temple, Main & Spring]] |
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* New Post Office, Main/Spring & Temple, built 1910 for $1,500,000. Demolished 1937 and a new federal building built on the site.<ref name=gsa/> |
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<br/> |
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[[File:1888 Los Angeles City Hall- E side of Broadway btw 2nd and 3rd.jpg|thumb|left|Los Angeles City Hall (built 1888) - E side of Broadway btw 2nd and 3rd]] |
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*Old Downey Block (?-1871), NW corner of Temple & Main |
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* '''City Hall''' (1888 location; City Hall moved to its present location in 1928, demolished 1929, now a parking lot). Three stories, {{convert|150|ft|m|adj=on}} [[campanile]]. Architect S. I. Haas. [[Romanesque architecture]]. Red and brown brick. Housed the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] for a time until it moved to the new [[Hamburger's]] department store building at 8th & Broadway in 1908.<ref>{{cite journal |title=CityDig: This Was L.A.'s City Hall for 39 Years |journal=Los Angeles magazine |date=May 8, 2014 |url=https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/citydig-this-was-las-city-hall-for-39-years/ |accessdate=16 May 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:1880s view of the Downey Block located on the northwest corner of Temple and Main streets as seen from the front of Temple Block.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Downey Block in the 1880s]] |
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[[File:1887 View of the Downey Block.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Downey Block in 1887]] |
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{{anchor|Downey Block}} |
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[[File:Los Angeles High School on Pound Cake Hill, 1870s.jpg|thumb|left|[[Los Angeles High School]] on Pound Cake Hill, 1870s]] |
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'''Downey Block''' (1871–1910), NW corner Main & Temple on the site of [[Jonathan Temple]]'s old adobe store, the first dry goods store in Los Angeles. [[Romanesque Revival architecture]]. The first home of the [[Los Angeles Times]], the [[Los Angeles Public Library]] and the [[Los Angeles Athletic Club]]. Housed Victor Dol's '''Commercial Restaurant''', [[Jacoby Bros.]] and [[Coulter's]] (1878-9). |
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*[[Los Angeles High School]] original location on Pound Cake Hill (1873-1887), between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was moved to California/Sand street and in 1890 a new facility was built on [[Fort Moore Hill]], approximately where Broadway today crosses the Hollywood Freeway and immediately north. |
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[[File:CA-LosAngeles 1910 1 Ref.jpg|thumb|center|430px|1910 Post Office and Courthouse, NW corner Temple & Main]] |
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[[File:The city and county of Los Angeles in southern California (1903) (14783523833).jpg|thumb|left|1891 Courthouse and Post Office]] |
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* The '''Red Sandstone Courthouse''' on Pound Cake Hill, between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was built on the site of [[Los Angeles High School]] and replaced facilities at the Temple Courthouse. It functioned additionally as a post office and federal agency building, built 1891. Damaged beyond repair by Long Beach earthquake 1933, demolished 1936.<ref name=gsa/> |
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New Post Office (1910–1937), NW corner & Temple, built 1910 on the site of the Downey Block for $1,500,000. Demolished 1937, a new federal building was built on the site.<ref name=gsa/> |
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[[File:Postcard with a photograph of the Hall of Records in Los Angeles, ca.1910 (EXM-P-S-LOS-ANG-CIT-BUI-705).jpg|thumb|left|Hall of Records, built 1911, demolished 1973]] |
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* The '''Hall of Records''' was built next door to the Red Sandstone Courthouse in 1911, taking up the block between Spring St. (E), Broadway (W), Franklin (N) and First St. (S). It was demolished in 1973. |
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{{clear}} |
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[[File:PicoHouse-1875.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Pico House hotel]] |
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[[File:LosAngelesCityHall1884to1888.jpg|thumb|left|On right Second Street Los Angeles City Hall between 1884-1888, left Hollenbeck Block, with the First Presbyterian Church in back]] |
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* The [[Mirror Building]] on Second Street was used as Los Angeles City Hall between 1884-1888.<ref>[http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/744 Cal Parks, Site 744]</ref><ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=123038 hmdb.org, Mirror Building]</ref><ref>[https://www.californiahistoricallandmarks.com/landmarks/chl-744 californiahistoricallandmarks.com 744 -No. 744 Mirror Building - Los Angeles]</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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* [[Pico House]] hotel |
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===Hotels and other=== |
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|style="text-align:center;"|ARCADIA |
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[[File:(1880)* - View showing the St. Charles Hotel, originally the Bella Union Hotel. To the left (north) stands the Farmers and Merchants Bank (previously the Pico Building). Further north is the 3-story Grand Central Hotel, built in 1876.jpg|thumb|left|1880: St. Charles Hotel. Middle: Farmers and Merchants Bank (orig. “Pico Building”). Left: the 3-story Grand Central Hotel, built 1876]] |
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At the east side of Main Street, between Arcadia and Commercial streets: |
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[[File:300 block of North Main Street, Los Angeles, in the 1880s.jpg|thumb|430px|center|Sketch of east side of the 300 block of N. Main St., between Arcadia and Commercial streets, as it looked around 1880]] |
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[[File:1880 Baker Block.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Baker Block, Los Angeles, around 1880]] |
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<!--[[File:1880 Lithograph of the Baker Block on the southeast corner of Main Street and Arcadia Street.jpg|thumb|430px|center|Baker Block around 1880, lithograph]]--> |
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{{anchor|Baker Block}} |
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'''Baker Block''', [[Second Empire architecture]], SE corner Main and Arcadia, built 1875 (third floor added 1878). Built on the site of Don [[Abel Stearns]]' 1835-8 adobe "palacio" (mansion); Col. Robert S. Baker married Stearns' widow, Arcadia Bandini de Stearns. When built, it was called the "finest emporium of commerce south of San Francisco". The ground floor housed retail tenants such as [[Coulter's]] (1879–1884), George D. Rowan and Eugene Germain. The second floor was offices, and the third floor held the city's most upscale apartments. By the 1930s, the block housed [[Goodwill Industries]], which sold it to the city in 1942. It was demolished in 1942 and the [[Hollywood Freeway]] now occupies the site.<ref>[https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Baker_Block "Baker Block", Water and Power Associates]</ref> |
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[[File:Coulter's in Baker Block ca. 1880.jpg|thumb|center|430px|[[Coulter's]] store in the Baker Block, sometime between 1879–1884]] |
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[[File:(1880)* - View showing the St. Charles Hotel, originally the Bella Union Hotel. To the left (north) stands the Farmers and Merchants Bank (previously the Pico Building). Further north is the 3-story Grand Central Hotel, built in 1876.jpg|thumb|center|430px|1880: St. Charles Hotel. Middle: Farmers and Merchants Bank (orig. “Pico Building”). Left: the 3-story Grand Central Hotel, built 1876]] |
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* '''Grand Central Hotel''' |
* '''Grand Central Hotel''' |
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* [[Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles]], forerunner of [[Security Pacific National Bank]] |
* [[Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles]], forerunner of [[Security Pacific National Bank]] |
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*'''St. Charles Hotel''', originally the [[Bella Union Hotel]], E side of Main St. NE corner of Commercial |
*'''St. Charles Hotel''', originally the [[Bella Union Hotel]], E side of Main St. NE corner of Commercial |
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|style="text-align:center;"|FIRST STREET |
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|style="text-align:center;"|FIRST STREET |
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[[File:PicoHouse-1875.jpg|thumb|left|Pico House hotel]] |
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|style="text-align:center;"|SECOND STREET |
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* [[Pico House]] hotel |
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|style="text-align:center;"|SECOND STREET |
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* '''Lafayette Hotel''', later Cosmopolitan Hotel, (later, 20th c., the St Elmo), Main Street just north of the Downey Block |
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* '''Merced Theatre''' |
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[[File:JohnEdwardHollenbeckHotel.jpg|thumb|left|Hollenbeck Hotel in 1890 at the corner of Spring and Second, demolished in 1933. A portion of the Bryson-Bonebrake Building can be seen on the right.]] |
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*'''Hollenbeck Hotel''' built in 1884 by [[John Edward Hollenbeck]] on what was called the Hollenbeck Block at the corner of Spring and Second. <ref>[http://boyleheightshistoryblog.blogspot.com/2013/02/john-edward-hollenbeck-and-boyle-heights.html boyleheightshistory, John Edward Hollenbeck]</ref> |
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===Los Angeles Street=== |
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[[File:Los Angeles Times Building (built 1886), photo about 1887.jpg|thumb|left|[[Los Angeles Times]] Building (built 1886), photo about 1887]] |
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[[File:1870s Arcadia Block.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Arcadia Block, 1870s]] |
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* [[Los Angeles Times]] (1881 building), Temple & New High Streets; 1886 building razed after damage from a bomb 1910, rebuilt 1912 three stories in stone, NE corner First & Broadway. The Times later moved further south on Broadway.<ref>https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_2.html#LA_Times_Building1</ref> |
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[[File:Arcadia Block Los Angeles from an 1896 lithograph.jpg|thumb|center|430px|Arcadia Block, from an 1896 lithograph]] |
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* [[Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce]], various locations |
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====Arcadia Block==== |
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Arcadia, NW corner of Los Angeles Street. Built by Abel Stearns in 1858 for $80,000. Razed in 1927.<ref>{{cite news |title=Historic Building Is Razed: Flood of Memories Released |url=https://homesteadmuseum.wordpress.com/2017/05/15/on-this-day-the-demolition-of-the-arcadia-block-from-the-los-angeles-times-15-may-1927/ |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=May 15, 1927}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 15:59, 16 August 2020
During the 1880s and 1890s the central business district (CBD) of Los Angeles was located around Spring and Main streets from just south of the Los Angeles Plaza to Second Street. Of the old CBD not a single building remains except at the extreme southern edge below 2nd Street, as all structures from this period were razed to make way for the construction of the Civic Center during the 1930s–1950s.[1][2]
History
Prior to the completion of the transcontinental railroad, Los Angeles was a small town (population 1860: 4,385; 1870: 5,728) of low-lying adobe and brick buildings. Most businesses were located on or nearby the Plaza. With the arrival of the railroad the city grew in population, almost quintupling in ten years (1880: 11,183, 1890: 50,395) and businesses opened further south and west away from the Plaza; especially along Spring and Main, reaching southward to Temple, First, and Second streets.[1][2]
After the turn of the 20th century, banks, hotels, and retailers established much larger buildings along Spring and Broadway from Third Street southward, in the area today called the Historic Core. The central business district shifted to the area between Third and Ninth streets: along Broadway for retail, cinemas, and restaurants; and along Spring Street for banks and financial businesses, the Spring Street Financial District.[1][2]
The blocks north of Second Street lost prestige and began to house businesses catering to working-class and Spanish-speaking Angelenos; the buildings deteriorated.[1][2]
Maps
The area contained many streets which no longer exist or only exist outside the boundaries of the 1880s-1890s CBD. These include: Arcadia St., Buena Vista St., Center Pl., Commercial St., Ferguson St., Franklin St., Marchessault St. (now Paseo de la Plaza), Market Ct., New High St., Calle de Los Negros, and Requena St.
Maps of the area from Hill St. east to Los Angeles St. and from the Plaza south to 2nd St. in 1886, left; and today, right:
The buildings described in this article were located in the street grid as shown:
BELLEVUE ST. | B R O A D W A Y |
BELLEVUE ST. | N E W H I G H S T. |
REPUBLIC ST. | M A I N |
PLAZA | L O S A N G E L E S S T. | ||
Temperance Temple (NW corner Temple/Broadway) |
-Lafayette Hotel
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Pico House Merced Theater Arcadia Block | |||||||
ARCADIA ST. | |||||||||
-Baker Block, SE cor Main/Arcadia
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COMMERCIAL ST. | |||||||||
TEMPLE ST. | TEMPLE ST. | TEMPLE ST. | REQUENA ST. | ||||||
High School (1873-1887)/ Hall of Records (1911-1973) |
Phillips Block |
S P R I N G |
Temple Block |
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MARKET ST. | |||||||||
Clock Tower Courthouse | |||||||||
COURT ST. | |||||||||
Los Angeles | |||||||||
FRANKLIN ST. | FRANKLIN ST. | ||||||||
|
Times Building (1912) |
Larronde Block | |||||||
FIRST ST. | FIRST ST. | FIRST ST. | FIRST ST. | ||||||
Southwest Bldg. (Chamber of Commerce) 130 S. Broadway |
Nadeau Hotel (1882) |
Wilson Block
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Bryson-Bonebrake |
Burdick Block |
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SECOND ST. | SECOND ST. | SECOND ST. | SECOND ST. | ||||||
Potomac Block |
1888 City Hall, E side B'way S of 2nd |
Hollenbeck Hotel |
Wilcox Bldg (1895-6) |
Major buildings by street
Sources: Los Angeles Times,[2] Water & Power Associates[1] Centrally located businesses and institutions in the 1880s-1890s CBD area are listed; some were built after 1900 when the area formed part of a larger CBD, but all were demolished for the construction of the Civic Center.
Broadway
West side | East side | |
---|---|---|
Temperance Temple[3] |
B R O A D W A Y |
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TEMPLE STREET | TEMPLE STREET | |
Los Angeles High School original location on Pound Cake Hill (1873-1887), between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was moved to California/Sand street and in 1890 a new facility was built on Fort Moore Hill, approximately where Broadway today crosses the Hollywood Freeway and immediately north. The Red Sandstone Courthouse on Pound Cake Hill, between New High (W) and Broadway (E), on the south side of Temple Street. It was built on the site of Los Angeles High School and replaced facilities at the Temple Courthouse. It functioned additionally as a post office and federal agency building, built 1891. Damaged beyond repair by Long Beach earthquake 1933, demolished 1936.[4] | ||
FRANKLIN STREET | ||
Los Angeles Times (1881 building), NE corner of 1st and Broadway; This 1886 building was razed after damage from a bomb 1910, and rebuilt in 1912. The Times later moved further south on Broadway.[5] The Hall of Records was built next door to the Red Sandstone Courthouse in 1911, taking up the block between Spring, Broadway, Franklin, and First. It was demolished in 1973. | ||
FIRST STREET | ||
The Mirror Building, mid-block on the north side of 2nd street between Broadway and the Bryson-Bonebrake Block on Spring, was used as Los Angeles City Hall between 1884-1888.[6][7][8] | ||
South side of 2nd | ||
—201–205, site of California Bank Building
—221–223, site of Potomac Block, home toVille de Paris (department store) 1893–1905. In 1905 the Potomac Block became part of the Coulter's Department Store complex
—231-235, site of Harris Newmark Building (1899, Abram Edelman), Bartlett Music Co. (#233), annex to J. W. Robinson's (#235); Goodwill Industries store (#233-235, 1950s-60s). All but the ground floor have been removed.
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B R O A D W A Y |
City Hall (1888 location; City Hall moved to its present location in 1928, demolished 1929, now a parking lot). Three stories, 150-foot (46 m) campanile. Architect S. I. Haas. Romanesque architecture. Red and brown brick. Housed the Los Angeles Public Library for a time until it moved to the new Hamburger's department store building at 8th & Broadway in 1908.[14] |
Spring Street
TEMPLE | S P R I N G S T R E E T |
TEMPLE |
—Phillips Block, 129–133 N. Spring St. (post-1890 numbering), 29–33 N. Spring St. (pre-1890 numbering), on the northwest corner of Spring Street and Franklin streets, backing up to New High St. at its west. Built on the site of the one-story adobe County Jail. Opened in 1888, architect Burgess J. Reeve, four and a half stories, owned by Pomona Valley rancher Louis Phillips, cost $260,000. 120 feet (37 m) of frontage on Spring St., 218 feet (66 m) on Franklin, 121 feet (37 m) along New High Street. The second four-story structure built in L.A. Sometimes called Phillips Block No. 1; there was a "Phillips Block No. 2" at 135–145 Los Angeles St., west side between Market and 1st.[15] In July 1888, A. Hamburger & Sons, "The People's Store", opened a new large store here and was the largest retail store in the Western United States.[16] |
Temple Block: actually a collection of different structures that occupied the block between the east side of Spring, west side of Main and south side of Temple St. The first or "Old" Temple Block was of adobe, two stories, facing north to Temple. This was incorporated into the later Temple Block, and then demolished. Built 1858, expanded 1871, housing many law offices. On the ground floor retail tenants included retailers Desmond's, Jacoby Bros., Slotterbeck's gun shop; and the Wells Fargo office. | |
MARKET ST. | ||
Clock Tower Courthouse: Just south of Temple Block across tiny Market Street, was a building known by many additional names including Temple Market, Temple Theater, Old County Courthouse, etc. Also built by John Temple, in 1858, originally as a market (ground floor) and theater (upper floor). Demolished 1890s.[17][18] Served as a market and retail as well as the County Courthouse 1861-1891 until the Red Sand Courthouse was built.[19] Topped by a rectangular tower with a clock on all four sides.[20][4]
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FRANKLIN ST. | COURT ST. | |
—Larronde Block (1882), NW corner 1st & Spring, shops and offices |
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FIRST ST. | FIRST ST. | |
—Nadeau Hotel, built 1881-2, demolished 1932, Kysor & Morgan. Southwest corner of Spring and First. First four-story building in the city.[23] |
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—The Bryson Block, also known as the Bryson-Bonebrake Block or Bryson Bonebrake Building, northwest corner 2nd and Spring, built 1886-1888 for $224,000 on the site of a public school and an early city hall, as a 126-room bank and office building. Romanesque architecture. Two stories added 1902-1904. Demolished 1934. Architect Joseph Cather Newsom (Newsom & Newsom). PCAD states it was "nothing short of amazing, displaying a riotous and eclectic amalgam of features". Built for mayor John Bryson and Major George H. Bonebrake, President of the Los Angeles National Bank and the State Loan & Trust Co.[24] |
—Burdick Block, 1888 (Jasper Newton Preston), top stories added 1900 (John Parkinson) | |
SECOND ST. | SECOND ST. | |
—The Hollenbeck Block was located on the southwest corner of Spring and 2nd streets. It was built in 1884 by John Edward Hollenbeck and housed the Hollenbeck Hotel and, on the corner, Coulter's 6,000 sq ft (560 m2) store. Built 1884, demolished in 1933. Architect Robert Brown Young.[25] |
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Spring Street Gallery
Spring Street Retailers
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A. Hamburger & Sons "The People's Store", Spring Street. Early 1880s]]
-
Jacoby Bros. in the Temple Block, around 1896]]
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London Clothing Co. at Spring and Temple, which became Harris & Frank, a chain of stores focused on men's clothing]]
Main Street
REPUBLIC | M A I N S T R E E T |
PLAZA |
Downey Block (1871–1910), NW corner Main & Temple on the site of Jonathan Temple's old adobe store, the first dry goods store in Los Angeles. Romanesque Revival architecture. The first home of the Los Angeles Times, the Los Angeles Public Library and the Los Angeles Athletic Club. Housed Victor Dol's Commercial Restaurant, Jacoby Bros. and Coulter's (1878-9). New Post Office (1910–1937), NW corner & Temple, built 1910 on the site of the Downey Block for $1,500,000. Demolished 1937, a new federal building was built on the site.[4] |
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ARCADIA | ||
Baker Block, Second Empire architecture, SE corner Main and Arcadia, built 1875 (third floor added 1878). Built on the site of Don Abel Stearns' 1835-8 adobe "palacio" (mansion); Col. Robert S. Baker married Stearns' widow, Arcadia Bandini de Stearns. When built, it was called the "finest emporium of commerce south of San Francisco". The ground floor housed retail tenants such as Coulter's (1879–1884), George D. Rowan and Eugene Germain. The second floor was offices, and the third floor held the city's most upscale apartments. By the 1930s, the block housed Goodwill Industries, which sold it to the city in 1942. It was demolished in 1942 and the Hollywood Freeway now occupies the site.[27]
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TEMPLE | TEMPLE | |
FIRST STREET | FIRST STREET | |
SECOND STREET | SECOND STREET | |
Los Angeles Street
Arcadia Block
Arcadia, NW corner of Los Angeles Street. Built by Abel Stearns in 1858 for $80,000. Razed in 1927.[28]
References
- ^ a b c d e "Early Los Angeles Historical Buildings (1800s)", Water and Power Associates
- ^ a b c d e "Los Angeles Fifty Years Ago: The Re-Creation of a Vanished City". Los Angeles Times. November 15, 1931. p. 90. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
- ^ "Temperance Temple", Water and Power Associates
- ^ a b c "U.S. Courthouse, Los Angeles, CA". General Services Administration. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
- ^ https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_2.html#LA_Times_Building1
- ^ Cal Parks, Site 744
- ^ hmdb.org, Mirror Building
- ^ californiahistoricallandmarks.com 744 -No. 744 Mirror Building - Los Angeles
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31677707/coulters_location_1906_225229_s/
- ^ "Ad for Coulter's new store opening". Los Angeles Times. May 31, 1905.
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/57352206/western-shoe-company-western/
- ^ "The Boston Dry Goods Store". Los Angeles Times. 1 January 1895. p. 29. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
- ^ "The New Boston Store:Los Angeles' Finest Commercial Structure Is Complete". Los Angeles Herald. 4 October 1895. p. 5.
- ^ "CityDig: This Was L.A.'s City Hall for 39 Years". Los Angeles magazine. May 8, 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ^ Stern, Norton B. "Louis Phillips of the Pomona Valley" (PDF). Historical Society of Southern California: 184.
- ^ "Architect B. J. Reeve". San Francisco Examiner. August 14, 1887. p. 19. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
- ^ "Buildings and Lands. The July Permits Break the Record. The Remarkable Gains over Last Year's List". Los Angeles Express. August 3, 1895. p. 5.
- ^ "Bullard Block", Los Angeles Water & Power
- ^ https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block
- ^ https://waterandpower.org/museum/Early_LA_Buildings%20(1800s)_Page_1.html#Temple_Block
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/clip/57340846/bullard-block-the-hub-opening/
- ^ "Los Angeles National Bank" and "Equitable Savings Bank", Water and Power Associated
- ^ "Nadeau Hotel", PCAD
- ^ "Bryson-Bonebrake Building, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA (1886-1888) demolished". Pacific Coast Architecture Database. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ^ "Hollenbeck Block", Calisphere, University of California
- ^ "Wilcox Building #2". Pacific Coast Architecture Database. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ^ "Baker Block", Water and Power Associates
- ^ "Historic Building Is Razed: Flood of Memories Released". Los Angeles Times. May 15, 1927.
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