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{{Short description|American Methodist minister (1929–2024)}} |
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{{About |the American pastor|the English-born South African activist|Cecil Williams (anti-apartheid activist)}} |
{{About |the American pastor|the English-born South African activist|Cecil Williams (anti-apartheid activist)}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date= |
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}} |
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{{Infobox person |
{{Infobox person |
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|name = Cecil Williams |
| name = Cecil Williams |
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|image = Cecil Williams & Janice (15865827452).jpg |
| image = Cecil Williams & Janice (15865827452).jpg |
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|caption = Williams and his wife Janice Mirikitani |
| caption = Williams and his wife [[Janice Mirikitani]] |
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|birth_name = Albert Cecil Williams |
| birth_name = Albert Cecil Williams |
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|birth_date = {{ |
| birth_date = {{birth date|1929|9|22}} |
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|birth_place = [[San Angelo, Texas]], U.S. |
| birth_place = [[San Angelo, Texas]], U.S. |
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|death_date = |
| death_date = {{death date and age|2024|04|22|1929|09|22}} |
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| death_place = [[San Francisco|San Francisco, California]], U.S. |
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|death_place = |
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|occupation = Evangelist, activist, community leader, author |
| occupation = Evangelist, activist, community leader, author |
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|years_active = |
| years_active = |
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|education = [[B.A.]] (Sociology), [[Huston–Tillotson University]] (1952) <br/> [[ThM]], [[Perkins School of Theology]] at [[Southern Methodist University]] (1955) |
| education = [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] (Sociology), [[Huston–Tillotson University]] (1952) <br/> [[ThM]], [[Perkins School of Theology]] at [[Southern Methodist University]] (1955) |
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|spouse |
| spouse = {{marriage|Evelyn Robinson|1956|1976|end=div.}}<br/>{{marriage|[[Janice Mirikitani]]|1983|2021|end=d.}} |
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|children = 2 with Robinson |
| children = 2 with Robinson |
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|known_for = |
| known_for = |
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|website = |
| website = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Albert Cecil Williams''' ( |
'''Albert Cecil Williams''' (September 22, 1929 – April 22, 2024) was an American pastor, civil and LGBT rights activist, community leader, and author who was the [[pastor]] of [[Glide Memorial Church|Glide Memorial]] [[United Methodist Church]] in [[San Francisco]]. |
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He was one of the first five [[African-American]] graduates of the [[Perkins School of Theology]] at [[Southern Methodist University]]. Subsequently he hosted political rallies, which drew in very diverse key speakers as result of the events' inclusive and inviting nature. Drawing on his experiences in the [[civil rights movement]], Williams was also one of the first African-Americans to become involved in the [[gay rights movement]]. |
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Under his leadership, Glide Memorial became a diverse 10,000-member congregation of all races, ages, genders, ethnicities, and sexual orientations. To this day, it is the largest provider of social services in San Francisco. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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[[File:TEMPLE-13JPG.jpg|thumb|Williams walking south on Kearny Street at the January 1977 protest]] |
[[File:TEMPLE-13JPG.jpg|thumb|Williams walking south on Kearny Street at the January 1977 protest]] |
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One of six children, Williams was born in [[San Angelo, Texas]] to Earl Williams Sr.<ref name="NNDB"/><ref name=Faith>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/thisfarbyfaith/people/cecil_williams.html|title=Cecil Williams|accessdate=September 21, 2016|year=2003|publisher= |
One of six children, Williams was born in [[San Angelo, Texas]], to Earl Williams Sr.<ref name="NNDB"/><ref name=Faith>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/thisfarbyfaith/people/cecil_williams.html|title=Cecil Williams|accessdate=September 21, 2016|year=2003|publisher=The Faith Project|website=pbs.org|archive-date=January 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113042820/http://www.pbs.org/thisfarbyfaith/people/cecil_williams.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="kqed-22apr2024">{{cite news |title=Cecil Williams, Legendary Pastor of Glide Church, Dies at 94 |url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11983768/cecil-williams-legendary-pastor-of-glide-church-dies-at-94 |access-date=April 22, 2024 |work=[[KQED Inc.]] |date=April 22, 2024 |archive-date=April 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423040222/https://www.kqed.org/news/11983768/cecil-williams-legendary-pastor-of-glide-church-dies-at-94 |url-status=live }}</ref> He had four brothers, Earl Jr., Reedy, Claudius "Dusty", Jack and a sister, Johnny.<ref name="NNDB"/> |
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Williams received a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in [[sociology]] from [[Huston–Tillotson University]] in 1952.<ref name="SFG" /> He was one of the first five [[African-American]] graduates of the [[Perkins School of Theology]] at [[Southern Methodist University]] in 1955.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.smu.edu/newsinfo/releases/04204.html|title=SMU Marks 50th Anniversary Of First African-American Graduates|publisher=Southern Methodist University|date=May 12, 2005|accessdate=February 7, 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806084351/http://smu.edu/newsinfo/releases/04204.html|archivedate=August 6, 2012}}</ref> He became the [[pastor]] of [[Glide Memorial Church]] in [[San Francisco, California]] in 1963, and founded the [[Council on Religion and the Homosexual]] the following year.<ref name="Faith" /> He welcomed everyone to participate in services and hosted political rallies in which [[Angela Davis]] and the [[Black Panthers]] spoke and lectures were given by personalities as diverse as [[Bill Cosby]] and [[Billy Graham]].<ref name="Faith" /> When [[Patricia Hearst|Patty Hearst]] was kidnapped by the [[Symbionese Liberation Army]], Williams attempted to negotiate a deal for her release.<ref name="Faith" /> |
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⚫ | In 1967, Williams had the [[Christian cross|cross]] removed from the church's [[Sanctuary#Religious sanctuary|sanctuary]], saying it was a symbol of death and that his congregation should instead celebrate life and living. |
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⚫ | In 1967, Williams had the [[Christian cross|cross]] removed from the church's [[Sanctuary#Religious sanctuary|sanctuary]], saying it was a symbol of death and that his congregation should instead celebrate life and living. "We must all be the cross," he explained.<ref name="WilliamsLaird1993">{{cite book|last1=Williams|first1=Cecil|last2=Laird|first2=Rebecca|title=No Hiding Place: Empowerment and Recovery for Our Troubled Communities|url=https://archive.org/details/nohidingplaceemp00will|year=1992|publisher=HarperSanFrancisco|location=San Francisco|isbn=9780062509673|url-access=registration}}</ref> |
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==LGBT rights activism== |
==LGBT rights activism== |
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Drawing on his experiences in the [[civil rights movement]], Williams was one of the first African-Americans to become involved in the [[gay rights movement]]. In 1964, he gave a speech at the [[Society for Individual Rights]] in San Francisco, which was more outspoken than the contemporary [[Mattachine Society]]. Based on the contemporary campaign for African-American voting rights, he suggested that gays should use their votes to gain political power and effect change. In his advice for gay movement to create tensions, he echoed [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]'s [[Letter from Birmingham Jail]]:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Long |first1=Michael G. |title=Martin Luther King Jr., Homosexuality, and the Early Gay Rights Movement: Keeping the Dream Straight? |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-1-137-27551-6 |pages=123–124 |language=en|date=2012}}</ref> |
Drawing on his experiences in the [[civil rights movement]], Williams was one of the first African-Americans to become involved in the [[gay rights movement]]. In 1964, he gave a speech at the [[Society for Individual Rights]] in San Francisco, which was more outspoken than the contemporary [[Mattachine Society]]. Based on the contemporary campaign for African-American voting rights, he suggested that gays should use their votes to gain political power and effect change. In his advice for gay movement to create tensions, he echoed [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]'s [[Letter from Birmingham Jail]]:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Long |first1=Michael G. |title=Martin Luther King Jr., Homosexuality, and the Early Gay Rights Movement: Keeping the Dream Straight? |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-1-137-27551-6 |pages=123–124 |language=en|date=2012}}</ref> |
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{{ |
{{blockquote|I think that we must not be afraid of controversy or tension. We in the civil rights movement have learned how to rock the boat, how to disturb complacent middle-class people, how to root out complacency. It is good to have strong disagreement because from it comes movement and reaction. Controversy is the need; it stimulates communication and the exchange of ideas. Rejection once in awhile is a good thing too. It forces one to find oneself . . . Tension leads to resolution, to movement; at least, it lets people know that a living, fulfilling movement is on its way.}} |
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==Legacy== |
==Legacy== |
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Under his leadership, Glide Memorial became a 10,000-member congregation of all races, ages, genders, ethnicities and sexual orientations.<ref name="guard-23apr2024">{{cite news |last1=Clayton |first1=Abené |title=Cecil Williams, reverend who turned a church into a safe haven, dies aged 94 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/apr/23/reverend-cecil-williams-san-francisco-california-dies-aged-94 |access-date=April 24, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=April 23, 2024 |archive-date=April 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424024606/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/apr/23/reverend-cecil-williams-san-francisco-california-dies-aged-94 |url-status=live }}</ref> It is the largest provider of social services in the city, serving over three thousand meals a day, providing [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] screenings, offering adult education programs, and giving assistance to women dealing with [[homelessness]], [[domestic violence]], [[substance abuse]], and [[mental disorder|mental health issues]].<ref name=Faith/> |
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⚫ | Williams retired as pastor in 2000 having turned 70 years old, the mandatory age of retirement for pastors employed by the United Methodist Church.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gilbert |first=Kathy L. |year=2004 |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/delegates-retain-mandatory-retirement-age-rules |title=Delegates retain mandatory retirement age rules |website=United Methodist Church |access-date=September 21, 2016 |archive-date=September 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923014112/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/delegates-retain-mandatory-retirement-age-rules |url-status=dead }}{{pb}}By 2013, retirement age had been changed to 72:<br />{{cite web |last=Hahn |first=Heather |year=2013 |url=http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/conference-withdraws-clergy-age-guidelines |title=Conference withdraws clergy age guidelines |website=United Methodist Church |access-date=September 21, 2016 |archive-date=September 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923030524/http://www.umc.org/news-and-media/conference-withdraws-clergy-age-guidelines |url-status=dead }}{{pb}}{{cite web |editor-last=Mathison |editor-first=John |year=2016 |url=http://johnedmathison.org/retirement-or-transition/ |title=Retirement or Transition |website=johnedmathison.org |access-date=September 21, 2016 |archive-date=September 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923012742/http://johnedmathison.org/retirement-or-transition/ |url-status=live }}</ref> (Pastors in the United Methodist Church are not employed by the local church or congregation. Instead, UMC pastors are assigned to a local church by the presiding bishops of the global Church.) |
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Under his leadership, Glide Memorial became a 10,000-member congregation of all races, ages, genders, ethnicities, sexual orientations, and religions.<!-- Can a religious congregation include those of different creeds? This sounds contradictory--> It is the largest provider of social services in the city, serving over three thousand meals a day, providing [[AIDS]]/[[HIV]] screenings, offering adult education programs, and giving assistance to women dealing with [[homelessness]], [[domestic violence]], [[substance abuse]], and [[mental disorder|mental health issues]].<ref name=Faith/> In January 1977 Williams handed out the Martin Luther King Jr. Humanitarian Award to [[Jim Jones|Rev. Jim Jones]]. On November 18, 1978, Jones led nearly 900 of his followers to commit suicide at their cult compound in [[Jonestown]], [[Guyana]]. |
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When Williams became ineligible for assignment to a congregation by the [[Episcopal polity#American Methodist churches|episcopate]], the local congregation and affiliated [[non-profit foundation]] hired Williams to fill a new office entitled Minister of Liberation. The position was created to allow Williams to officially continue to serve the community and church. He retained that office, as well as his position as CEO of the Glide Foundation, until officially stepping down in 2023.<ref name="kqed-22apr2024" /><ref name="nyt-21dec2023">{{cite news |last1=Knight |first1=Heather |title=Catching Up With the Rev. Cecil Williams, a San Francisco Legend |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/catching-up-with-the-rev-cecil-williams-a-san-francisco-legend.html |access-date=April 22, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 21, 2023 |archive-date=April 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423024630/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/catching-up-with-the-rev-cecil-williams-a-san-francisco-legend.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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⚫ | Williams retired as pastor in 2000 having turned 70 years old, the mandatory age of retirement for pastors employed by the United Methodist Church.<ref>Gilbert |
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In August 2013, the intersection of Ellis and Taylor Streets (location of the Glide church in San Francisco) was renamed "Rev. Cecil Williams Way" in honor of Williams.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Padojino|first1=Jamey|title=Tenderloin Corner Named To Honor Glide Co-Founder|url=http://sfappeal.com/2013/08/tenderloin-corner-named-to-honor-glide-co-founder/|website=The San Francisco Appeal|date=August 20, 2013}}</ref> |
In August 2013, the intersection of Ellis and Taylor Streets (location of the Glide church in San Francisco) was renamed "Rev. Cecil Williams Way" in honor of Williams.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Padojino|first1=Jamey|title=Tenderloin Corner Named To Honor Glide Co-Founder|url=http://sfappeal.com/2013/08/tenderloin-corner-named-to-honor-glide-co-founder/|website=The San Francisco Appeal|date=August 20, 2013|access-date=June 21, 2014|archive-date=October 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025124148/http://sfappeal.com/2013/08/tenderloin-corner-named-to-honor-glide-co-founder/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Both Williams and the church are featured in the 2006 film ''[[The Pursuit of Happyness]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Black|first1=Nathan|title='Pursuit of Happyness' Tops Box Office, Highlights Church|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/pursuit-of-happyness-tops-box-office-highlights-church-24326/|website=Christian Post|date=December 18, 2006}}</ref> |
Both Williams and the church are featured in the 2006 film ''[[The Pursuit of Happyness]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Black|first1=Nathan|title='Pursuit of Happyness' Tops Box Office, Highlights Church|url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/pursuit-of-happyness-tops-box-office-highlights-church-24326/|website=Christian Post|date=December 18, 2006|access-date=June 21, 2014|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050305/http://www.christianpost.com/news/pursuit-of-happyness-tops-box-office-highlights-church-24326/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life and death== |
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Williams was married to school teacher Evelyn Robinson ( |
Williams was married to school teacher Evelyn Robinson (1927–1982) from 1956 until their divorce in 1976.<ref name="NNDB">{{cite web|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/423/000024351/|title=Rev. Cecil Williams|publisher=NNDB|access-date=February 3, 2018|archive-date=September 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902063052/http://www.nndb.com/people/423/000024351/|url-status=live}}</ref> They had two children: a son, Albert, and a daughter, Kim.<ref name="NNDB"/><ref name=SFG>{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/magazine/article/At-a-Crossroads-Assuming-Cecil-Williams-can-let-2687790.php|title=At a Crossroads / Assuming Cecil Williams can let go, what will become of Glide Memorial?|first=Jenny|last=Strasburg|date=October 17, 2004|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|accessdate=February 7, 2013|archive-date=October 16, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016150609/http://www.sfgate.com/magazine/article/At-a-Crossroads-Assuming-Cecil-Williams-can-let-2687790.php|url-status=live}}</ref> He was married to [[Janice Mirikitani]], a poet, from 1983 until her death in 2021.<ref name=SFG/> |
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Williams died on April 22, 2024, at the age of 94.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ktvu.com/news/rev-cecil-williams-co-founder-of-glide-memorial-church-dies|title=Rev. Cecil Williams, co-founder of Glide Memorial Church, dies|work=[[KTVU]]|date=April 22, 2024|access-date=April 23, 2024|archive-date=April 22, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422233755/https://www.ktvu.com/news/rev-cecil-williams-co-founder-of-glide-memorial-church-dies|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 22, 2024 |title=GLIDE Co-founder Rev. Cecil Williams dies at 94 |url=https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/glide-co-founder-rev-cecil-williams-dies-at-94/ |access-date=April 23, 2024 |website=KRON4 |language=en-US |archive-date=April 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423001328/https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/glide-co-founder-rev-cecil-williams-dies-at-94/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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==Bibliography== |
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* {{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Cecil |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-XzkAAAAMAAJ |title=I'm Alive: An Autobiography |publisher=Harper & Row |year=1980 |isbn=9780062509505 |location=San Francisco, CA}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Cecil |title=Beyond the Possible: 50 Years of Creating Radical Change in a Community Called Glide |last2=Mirikitani |first2=Janice |publisher=Harper Collins |others=[[Dave Eggers]] (Forward) |year=2013 |isbn=9780062105059 |location=New York City, NY |author-link2=Janice Mirikitani}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category|Cecil Williams (pastor)}} |
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*[https://www.glide.org/celebratececilwilliams/ GLIDE obituary] |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Cecil}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Cecil}} |
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[[Category:People from San Angelo, Texas]] |
[[Category:People from San Angelo, Texas]] |
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[[Category:African-American Methodist clergy]] |
[[Category:African-American Methodist clergy]] |
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[[Category:Huston–Tillotson University alumni]] |
[[Category:Huston–Tillotson University alumni]] |
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[[Category:Perkins School of Theology alumni]] |
[[Category:Perkins School of Theology alumni]] |
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[[Category:Religious leaders from the San Francisco Bay Area]] |
[[Category:Religious leaders from the San Francisco Bay Area]] |
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[[Category:American United Methodist clergy]] |
[[Category:American United Methodist clergy]] |
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[[Category:LGBT rights activists |
[[Category:American LGBT rights activists]] |
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[[Category:21st-century African-American people]] |
[[Category:21st-century African-American people]] |
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[[Category:20th-century African-American people]] |
[[Category:20th-century African-American people]] |
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[[Category:Activists from Texas]] |
[[Category:Activists from Texas]] |
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[[Category:20th-century American clergy]] |
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[[Category:21st-century American clergy]] |
Revision as of 03:30, 27 April 2024
Cecil Williams | |
---|---|
Born | Albert Cecil Williams September 22, 1929 San Angelo, Texas, U.S. |
Died | April 22, 2024 | (aged 94)
Education | B.A. (Sociology), Huston–Tillotson University (1952) ThM, Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University (1955) |
Occupation(s) | Evangelist, activist, community leader, author |
Spouse(s) |
Evelyn Robinson
(m. 1956; div. 1976) |
Children | 2 with Robinson |
Albert Cecil Williams (September 22, 1929 – April 22, 2024) was an American pastor, civil and LGBT rights activist, community leader, and author who was the pastor of Glide Memorial United Methodist Church in San Francisco.
He was one of the first five African-American graduates of the Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University. Subsequently he hosted political rallies, which drew in very diverse key speakers as result of the events' inclusive and inviting nature. Drawing on his experiences in the civil rights movement, Williams was also one of the first African-Americans to become involved in the gay rights movement.
Under his leadership, Glide Memorial became a diverse 10,000-member congregation of all races, ages, genders, ethnicities, and sexual orientations. To this day, it is the largest provider of social services in San Francisco.
Early life
One of six children, Williams was born in San Angelo, Texas, to Earl Williams Sr.[1][2][3] He had four brothers, Earl Jr., Reedy, Claudius "Dusty", Jack and a sister, Johnny.[1]
Williams received a Bachelor of Arts degree in sociology from Huston–Tillotson University in 1952.[4] He was one of the first five African-American graduates of the Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University in 1955.[5] He became the pastor of Glide Memorial Church in San Francisco, California in 1963, and founded the Council on Religion and the Homosexual the following year.[2] He welcomed everyone to participate in services and hosted political rallies in which Angela Davis and the Black Panthers spoke and lectures were given by personalities as diverse as Bill Cosby and Billy Graham.[2] When Patty Hearst was kidnapped by the Symbionese Liberation Army, Williams attempted to negotiate a deal for her release.[2]
In 1967, Williams had the cross removed from the church's sanctuary, saying it was a symbol of death and that his congregation should instead celebrate life and living. "We must all be the cross," he explained.[6]
LGBT rights activism
Drawing on his experiences in the civil rights movement, Williams was one of the first African-Americans to become involved in the gay rights movement. In 1964, he gave a speech at the Society for Individual Rights in San Francisco, which was more outspoken than the contemporary Mattachine Society. Based on the contemporary campaign for African-American voting rights, he suggested that gays should use their votes to gain political power and effect change. In his advice for gay movement to create tensions, he echoed Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail:[7]
I think that we must not be afraid of controversy or tension. We in the civil rights movement have learned how to rock the boat, how to disturb complacent middle-class people, how to root out complacency. It is good to have strong disagreement because from it comes movement and reaction. Controversy is the need; it stimulates communication and the exchange of ideas. Rejection once in awhile is a good thing too. It forces one to find oneself . . . Tension leads to resolution, to movement; at least, it lets people know that a living, fulfilling movement is on its way.
Legacy
Under his leadership, Glide Memorial became a 10,000-member congregation of all races, ages, genders, ethnicities and sexual orientations.[8] It is the largest provider of social services in the city, serving over three thousand meals a day, providing AIDS/HIV screenings, offering adult education programs, and giving assistance to women dealing with homelessness, domestic violence, substance abuse, and mental health issues.[2]
Williams retired as pastor in 2000 having turned 70 years old, the mandatory age of retirement for pastors employed by the United Methodist Church.[9] (Pastors in the United Methodist Church are not employed by the local church or congregation. Instead, UMC pastors are assigned to a local church by the presiding bishops of the global Church.)
When Williams became ineligible for assignment to a congregation by the episcopate, the local congregation and affiliated non-profit foundation hired Williams to fill a new office entitled Minister of Liberation. The position was created to allow Williams to officially continue to serve the community and church. He retained that office, as well as his position as CEO of the Glide Foundation, until officially stepping down in 2023.[3][10]
In August 2013, the intersection of Ellis and Taylor Streets (location of the Glide church in San Francisco) was renamed "Rev. Cecil Williams Way" in honor of Williams.[11]
Both Williams and the church are featured in the 2006 film The Pursuit of Happyness.[12]
Personal life and death
Williams was married to school teacher Evelyn Robinson (1927–1982) from 1956 until their divorce in 1976.[1] They had two children: a son, Albert, and a daughter, Kim.[1][4] He was married to Janice Mirikitani, a poet, from 1983 until her death in 2021.[4]
Williams died on April 22, 2024, at the age of 94.[13][14]
Bibliography
- Williams, Cecil (1980). I'm Alive: An Autobiography. San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row. ISBN 9780062509505.
- Williams, Cecil; Mirikitani, Janice (2013). Beyond the Possible: 50 Years of Creating Radical Change in a Community Called Glide. Dave Eggers (Forward). New York City, NY: Harper Collins. ISBN 9780062105059.
References
- ^ a b c d "Rev. Cecil Williams". NNDB. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "Cecil Williams". pbs.org. The Faith Project. 2003. Archived from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ^ a b "Cecil Williams, Legendary Pastor of Glide Church, Dies at 94". KQED Inc. April 22, 2024. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
- ^ a b c Strasburg, Jenny (October 17, 2004). "At a Crossroads / Assuming Cecil Williams can let go, what will become of Glide Memorial?". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 16, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
- ^ "SMU Marks 50th Anniversary Of First African-American Graduates" (Press release). Southern Methodist University. May 12, 2005. Archived from the original on August 6, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
- ^ Williams, Cecil; Laird, Rebecca (1992). No Hiding Place: Empowerment and Recovery for Our Troubled Communities. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco. ISBN 9780062509673.
- ^ Long, Michael G. (2012). Martin Luther King Jr., Homosexuality, and the Early Gay Rights Movement: Keeping the Dream Straight?. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-1-137-27551-6.
- ^ Clayton, Abené (April 23, 2024). "Cecil Williams, reverend who turned a church into a safe haven, dies aged 94". The Guardian. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
- ^ Gilbert, Kathy L. (2004). "Delegates retain mandatory retirement age rules". United Methodist Church. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.By 2013, retirement age had been changed to 72:
Hahn, Heather (2013). "Conference withdraws clergy age guidelines". United Methodist Church. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.Mathison, John, ed. (2016). "Retirement or Transition". johnedmathison.org. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016. - ^ Knight, Heather (December 21, 2023). "Catching Up With the Rev. Cecil Williams, a San Francisco Legend". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 23, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
- ^ Padojino, Jamey (August 20, 2013). "Tenderloin Corner Named To Honor Glide Co-Founder". The San Francisco Appeal. Archived from the original on October 25, 2013. Retrieved June 21, 2014.
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