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'''Birger'''<ref>David Williamson in ''Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe'' ISBN 0-86350-194-X p. 122-123</ref> ([[Swedish language|Swedish]]: '''Birger Magnusson'''; 1280 – [[May 31]], [[1321]]) was [[King of Sweden]] from 1290 to 1318. |
'''Birger'''<ref>David Williamson in ''Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe'' ISBN 0-86350-194-X p. 122-123</ref> ([[Swedish language|Swedish]]: '''Birger Magnusson'''; 1280 – [[May 31]], [[1321]]) was [[King of Sweden]] from 1290 to 1318. |
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He was hailed king of [[Sweden]] when he was four years old. This was done by his father [[Magnus III of Sweden|Magnus III]], in order to secure the succession. Birger was only ten years old when his father died, the most influential statesman being the [[Lord High Constable of Sweden|Constable of the Realm]] [[Torkel Knutsson|Torgils Knutsson]]. |
He was hailed king of [[Sweden]] when he was four years old. This was done by his father [[Magnus III of Sweden|Magnus III]], in order to secure the succession. His mother was [[Hedwig of Holstein]]. Birger was only ten years old when his father died, the most influential statesman being the [[Lord High Constable of Sweden|Constable of the Realm]] [[Torkel Knutsson|Torgils Knutsson]]. |
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When Birger came of age there was a conflict with the Church of Sweden over interpretation of the Privileges of 1280 (the cost of the support of the Church for his father's usurpation). The Kings brothers [[Eric, Duke of Södermanland|Erik Magnusson]] Duke of Södermanland and [[Valdemar, Duke of Finland|Valdemar Magnusson]] Duke of Finland took advantage of this conflict. Torgils (Duke Valdemar's father-in-law) was executed in 1306 as a token of reconciliation between Birger and his brothers. The same year, Birger was taken captive by his brothers. |
When Birger came of age there was a conflict with the Church of Sweden over interpretation of the Privileges of 1280 (the cost of the support of the Church for his father's usurpation). The Kings brothers [[Eric, Duke of Södermanland|Erik Magnusson]] Duke of Södermanland and [[Valdemar, Duke of Finland|Valdemar Magnusson]] Duke of Finland took advantage of this conflict. Torgils (Duke Valdemar's father-in-law) was executed in 1306 as a token of reconciliation between Birger and his brothers. The same year, Birger was taken captive by his brothers. |
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In 1319 the three year old son of Duke Erik, King [[Magnus IV of Sweden|Magnus VII of Norway]], was hailed King of Sweden (Magnus III) under the Regency of his grandmother Queen Helvig, his mother Ingeborg, daughter of [[Haakon V]], being Regent in Norway. |
In 1319 the three year old son of Duke Erik, King [[Magnus IV of Sweden|Magnus VII of Norway]], was hailed King of Sweden (Magnus III) under the Regency of his grandmother Queen Helvig, his mother Ingeborg, daughter of [[Haakon V]], being Regent in Norway. |
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King Birger was married to |
King Birger was married to [[Martha of Denmark]], in 1298, who is known to have had influence over him. |
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==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 10:34, 20 October 2009
Birger[1] (Swedish: Birger Magnusson; 1280 – May 31, 1321) was King of Sweden from 1290 to 1318.
He was hailed king of Sweden when he was four years old. This was done by his father Magnus III, in order to secure the succession. His mother was Hedwig of Holstein. Birger was only ten years old when his father died, the most influential statesman being the Constable of the Realm Torgils Knutsson.
When Birger came of age there was a conflict with the Church of Sweden over interpretation of the Privileges of 1280 (the cost of the support of the Church for his father's usurpation). The Kings brothers Erik Magnusson Duke of Södermanland and Valdemar Magnusson Duke of Finland took advantage of this conflict. Torgils (Duke Valdemar's father-in-law) was executed in 1306 as a token of reconciliation between Birger and his brothers. The same year, Birger was taken captive by his brothers.
The civil war ended in the re-allotment of the Swedish provinces in 1310. Birger remained king in name, but had to give up the Royal Domain, exchanging it for eastern Uppland, Närke, his brother Erik's former Duchy Södermanland, Östergötland, Gotland and the Castle of Viborg.
Duke Erik also held Bohuslän from Norway as well as northern Halland and was creating a separate kingdom centered around Göta älv. In 1317 however, Birger captured his brothers during a banquet, which lead to their death, traditionally by starvation.
Birger was ousted by his brothers' supporters in 1318 and went into exile to his brother-in-law in Denmark, taking the Royal Archives with him. His son was executed at Stockholm.
In 1319 the three year old son of Duke Erik, King Magnus VII of Norway, was hailed King of Sweden (Magnus III) under the Regency of his grandmother Queen Helvig, his mother Ingeborg, daughter of Haakon V, being Regent in Norway.
King Birger was married to Martha of Denmark, in 1298, who is known to have had influence over him.
References
- ^ David Williamson in Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe ISBN 0-86350-194-X p. 122-123
References in music
- In 2003, the band released The Sceptre of Deception; a concept album based on this period of Swedish history.