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The '''Attack in Hooghly''' ([[Danish language|Danish]]; ''Angrebet i Hooghly'') was a Danish attack on two [[Bengalis|Bengali]] ships during the [[Dano-Mughal War]] in 1671. The Danes |
The '''Attack in Hooghly''' ([[Danish language|Danish]]; ''Angrebet i Hooghly'') was a Danish attack on two [[Bengalis|Bengali]] ships during the [[Dano-Mughal War]] in 1671. The Danes succeeded in blowing up the Bengali ships, and violence continued off the coasts of [[Kalingapatnam]] and [[Balasore]]. |
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== Background == |
== Background == |
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{{Further||Dano-Mughal War#Late phase (1669-1698)}} |
{{Further||Dano-Mughal War#Late phase (1669-1698)}} |
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[[File:Danish_India_1643-1669.png|left|thumb|Danish trade routes and settlements in India during the isolation from Denmark, 1643-1669]] |
[[File:Danish_India_1643-1669.png|left|thumb|Danish trade routes and settlements in India during the isolation from Denmark, 1643-1669]] |
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In 1642 the [[Danish East India Company]] declared war on the [[Mughal Empire]].{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=448}}{{Sfn|Videnskab|2018|p=}} Because of the [[Dano-Swedish War |
In 1642 the [[Danish East India Company]] declared war on the [[Mughal Empire]].{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=448}}{{Sfn|Videnskab|2018|p=}} Because of the [[Dano-Swedish War]]s Denmark did not have the means to send any ships to [[Danish India]], and relations were subsequently cut.{{Sfn|Bredsdorff|2009|p=129}} Relations with [[Denmark]] were reestablished in 1669 together with a new [[Danish East India Company]].{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}} At this point the war against [[Bengal]] was approved by the Danish government, yet urged the Danes in India to sue for peace if advantageous.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}}{{Sfn|Andersen|1669|p=}} |
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In 1672 king [[Christian V of Denmark]] ({{Abbr|r|reign}} |
In 1672 king [[Christian V of Denmark]] ({{Abbr|r|reign}} 1670–1699) requested compensation for the losses of Danish vessels, though this request was never fulfilled by the Mughals.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}} This, along with other factors, made the Danes increasingly brazen, and the Danes even attacked Bengal itself in 1671.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}} |
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== Expedition to Bengal == |
== Expedition to Bengal == |
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== Aftermath == |
== Aftermath == |
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The renewed violence continued during the following years.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}} In 1673 the Danes took a large Bengali ship of 170 [[ |
The renewed violence continued during the following years.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}} In 1673 the Danes took a large Bengali ship of 170 [[cargo]]es near Balasore, and transported it to Tranquebar. This also happened to another ship which was carrying [[Maldivians|Maldivian]] [[cowrie]]s the same year.{{Sfn|Wellen|2015|p=457}}{{Sfn|Coolhaas|2007|p=907}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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== Notes == |
== Notes == |
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{{ |
{{Notelist}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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=== Book sources === |
=== Book sources === |
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* {{Cite book |last=Wellen |first=Kathryn |url=https://www.kitlv.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Mughal.pdf |title=The Danish East India Company's War against the Mughal Empire, 1642-1698 |publisher=Royal Netherlands Institute for Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies |year=2015 |isbn= |edition= |location=}} |
* {{Cite book |last=Wellen |first=Kathryn |url=https://www.kitlv.nl/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Mughal.pdf |title=The Danish East India Company's War against the Mughal Empire, 1642-1698 |publisher=Royal Netherlands Institute for Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies |year=2015 |isbn= |edition= |location=}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Coolhaas |first=Ed |url=https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/generalemissiven/#page=777&accessor=toc&source=3 |title=Generale missiven van gouverneurs-generaal en raden aan heren XVII |publisher= |year=2007 |isbn= |edition= |volume=III |location= |pages= |
* {{Cite book |last=Coolhaas |first=Ed |url=https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/generalemissiven/#page=777&accessor=toc&source=3 |title=Generale missiven van gouverneurs-generaal en raden aan heren XVII |publisher= |year=2007 |isbn= |edition= |volume=III |location= |pages=763–764 |language=Dutch}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Bredsdorff |first=Asta |url= |title=The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel |publisher=[[Museum Tusculanum Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=9788763530231 |edition= |location=Copenhagen}} |
* {{Cite book |last=Bredsdorff |first=Asta |url= |title=The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel |publisher=[[Museum Tusculanum Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=9788763530231 |edition= |location=Copenhagen}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Andersen |first=Eskil |url=https://arkivalieronline.rigsarkivet.dk/da/other/index-creator/149/638/19977040 |title=Ostindiske sager (1668 - 1699) |publisher=Danske Kancelli |year=1669 |isbn= |edition= |location=Copenhagen}} |
* {{Cite book |last=Andersen |first=Eskil |url=https://arkivalieronline.rigsarkivet.dk/da/other/index-creator/149/638/19977040 |title=Ostindiske sager (1668 - 1699) |publisher=Danske Kancelli |year=1669 |isbn= |edition= |location=Copenhagen}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Videnskab |url=https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/serampore-var-en-glemt-dansk-koloni-mens-den-var-koloni/ |title=Serampore var en glemt dansk koloni – mens den var koloni |publisher=Videnskab.dk |year=2018 |language=Danish}} |
* {{Cite book |last=Videnskab |url=https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/serampore-var-en-glemt-dansk-koloni-mens-den-var-koloni/ |title=Serampore var en glemt dansk koloni – mens den var koloni |publisher=Videnskab.dk |year=2018 |language=Danish}} |
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[[Category:Battles involving Denmark]] |
[[Category:Battles involving Denmark]] |
Revision as of 07:31, 27 April 2024
Attack in Hughli | |||||||
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Part of Dano-Mughal War | |||||||
![]() A View of Chinsura, the Dutch settlement in Bengal | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Strength | |||||||
6500 men Multiple ships | 2 ships | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
1500 dead[a] | 2 ships destroyed |
The Attack in Hooghly (Danish; Angrebet i Hooghly) was a Danish attack on two Bengali ships during the Dano-Mughal War in 1671. The Danes succeeded in blowing up the Bengali ships, and violence continued off the coasts of Kalingapatnam and Balasore.
Background
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Danish_India_1643-1669.png/220px-Danish_India_1643-1669.png)
In 1642 the Danish East India Company declared war on the Mughal Empire.[1][2] Because of the Dano-Swedish Wars Denmark did not have the means to send any ships to Danish India, and relations were subsequently cut.[3] Relations with Denmark were reestablished in 1669 together with a new Danish East India Company.[4] At this point the war against Bengal was approved by the Danish government, yet urged the Danes in India to sue for peace if advantageous.[4][5]
In 1672 king Christian V of Denmark (r 1670–1699) requested compensation for the losses of Danish vessels, though this request was never fulfilled by the Mughals.[4] This, along with other factors, made the Danes increasingly brazen, and the Danes even attacked Bengal itself in 1671.[4]
Expedition to Bengal
In 1672 a Danish force of 6500 men were brought to Hooghly.[6] 1500 of the men was lost due to the sinking of a barge on the Ganges River.[6] The Danish East India Company sold most of their goods to two local Bengali merchants; Rangsordas and Sonderdas.[6] They sold their goods to them as a compromise not to trade with others for the next couple of months.[6] At Hooghly the Danes noticed two Bengali ships, which were returning from a voyage to Ceylon.[6] The ships were driven towards land near Hooghly, and the Danes subsequently blew the Bengali vessels up.[6][4]
Aftermath
The renewed violence continued during the following years.[4] In 1673 the Danes took a large Bengali ship of 170 cargoes near Balasore, and transported it to Tranquebar. This also happened to another ship which was carrying Maldivian cowries the same year.[4][7]
See also
- Dannemarksnagore – City/town in West Bengal, India
- Skirmish at Pipli – Confrontation between the Danes and Mughals in Pipli
- Cattle War – Conflict between Danish India and the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom
- Loss of the St. Jacob – Seizure of a Danish ship by Benglis
- Dano-Mughal War – Danish colonial conflict against the Mughal Empire
Notes
- ^ Lost due to the sinking of a barge on the Ganges River
References
- ^ Wellen 2015, p. 448.
- ^ Videnskab 2018.
- ^ Bredsdorff 2009, p. 129.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wellen 2015, p. 457.
- ^ Andersen 1669.
- ^ a b c d e f Coolhaas 2007, p. 764.
- ^ Coolhaas 2007, p. 907.
Book sources
- Wellen, Kathryn (2015). The Danish East India Company's War against the Mughal Empire, 1642-1698 (PDF). Royal Netherlands Institute for Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies.
- Coolhaas, Ed (2007). Generale missiven van gouverneurs-generaal en raden aan heren XVII (in Dutch). Vol. III. pp. 763–764.
- Bredsdorff, Asta (2009). The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. ISBN 9788763530231.
- Andersen, Eskil (1669). Ostindiske sager (1668 - 1699). Copenhagen: Danske Kancelli.
Websites
- Videnskab (2018). Serampore var en glemt dansk koloni – mens den var koloni (in Danish). Videnskab.dk.