Undid revision 990862199 by Khirurg (talk) undoing edit warrior Tags: Undo Reverted |
|||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Atintanes''', '''Atintani''' or '''Atintanians''' ({{lang-grc|Ἀτιντάνες}}, ''Atintánes''; {{lang-la|Atintanii}}) was an ancient tribe that lived in '''Atintania''', a region located between [[Illyria]] and [[Epirus]] in classical antiquity.{{sfn|Dausse|2015|p=27|ps=: "Lorsque Pierre Cabanes évoque les limites de l’Illyrie méridionale avec l’Épire et la Macédoine, il s'arrête d'abord sur les nombreuses difficultés liées à cette tâche: pauvreté de la documentation, imprécision des sources littéraires ou encore mobilité des populations. La cartographie récente de Lauriane Martinez-Sève fait apparaître une vaste zone entre Illyrie, Épire et Macédoine, constituée du nord au sud de l’Atintanie, de la Paravée et de la Tymphée. On peut considérer qu'il s'agit d'une zone frontalière, une « zone intermédiaire » pour reprendre les termes de Pierre Cabanes. Dans ces régions, il semble très difficile de fixer des limites claires, d'autant que certains peuples sont trop mal connus pour être localisés précisément. Nous ne rouvrirons pas ici le dossier sur les Atintanes, qui a suscité de nombreux débats chez les historiens et des propositions de localisation très diverses. De celle-ci dépend la frontière entre Illyriens et Épirotes."}} They were occasionally subordinate to the [[Mollosians]].<ref>{{harvnb|Kinzl|2010|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=loeWIRBo3isC&pg=PA125 125]}}.</ref> |
|||
[[Image:Map of ancient Epirus and environs (English).svg|right|thumb|175px|Epirus and environs.]] |
|||
'''Atintanes''' or '''Atintanians''' ({{lang-el|Ἀτιντάνες}}, ''Atintánes'', {{lang-la|Atintani}}) was an ancient tribe in [[Epirus]]. It inhabited a region inland of the [[Epirote]] coast which was called Atintania. They were one of the Epirote tribes that belonged to the northwestern Greek group.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Press|first1=Cambridge University|title=The Cambridge Ancient History: The fourth century B.C|date=1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=430|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zA9GAQAAIAAJ|language=en|quote=The north-west Greeks occupied a large area, extending in the west from the Gulf of Ambracia to the Gulf of Oricum and in the east to an imaginary line from the upper Achelous valley to the upper Erigon valley... The main groups from south to north were called Thesproti, Athamanes, Molossi, Atintanes, Chaones, Parauaei, Orestae, Elimeotae, Lyncestae and Pela- gones}}</ref> They were occasionally subordinate to the [[Mollosians]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kinzl|first1=Konrad H.|title=A Companion to the Classical Greek World|date=2010|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781444334128|page=125|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loeWIRBo3isC&pg=PA125|language=en}}</ref> and spoke a northwestern Greek dialect similar to [[Doric Greek|Doric]] Greek.<ref name=Giannakis>Filos, p. 224 "There is an overall consensus nowadays that the Greek-speaking population of Epirus, despite its fragmentation into major (Molossoi, Thesprotoi, Chaones) and minor (Athamanes (Athamanians), Atintanes, Paroraioi, Tymphaioi, etc.) tribes, spoke a North-West Doric variety akin to that of numerous neighboring populations of central and western Greece"</ref> |
|||
==Classification and ancient accounts== |
==Classification and ancient accounts== |
||
There is an overall conecnsus in scholarship that that Atintanes, along with the rest of the Greek population of Epirus spoke a northwestern Greek variety similar to the [[Doric Greek]].<ref name=Giannakis/> Their idiom was similar to the one of the populations of central and western Greece.<ref name=Giannakis/> The name Atintanes is of Greek origin due to the suffix -anes while the possibility of an Illyrian root is excluded.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Toynbee|first1=Arnold Joseph|title=Some problems of Greek history|date=1969|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=113|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_18bAAAAYAAJ|language=en}}</ref> The suffix -anes is quite typical in north-western Doric Greek, but is also found in other Greek regions apart from Epirus.<ref>Filos, 2017, p. 240</ref> A hypothesis that Atintania formed a larger Illyrian state claimed by H. and N. Ceka has been rejected by modern scholarship.<ref>Chatzopoulos, 1997, p. 144: "Various hy - potheses have been formed to reconcile the contradictory statements in the sources. H. and N. Ceka for example consider Byllis and Nikaia to be part of the great Illyrian tribe of Atintanes, which also included Amantia, Olympe, and even Antigoneia. Hammond asserts that Byllis was a Greek colony founded in the chora cial of the Corinthian colonies , though it spread at an early of the Illyrian Bylliones , which was originally built on the coast and later transferred inland. Of the two series of coins, the one with the inscription "Byllis" belonged to the Greek colony, and the other with the inscription "Bylliones" to the Illyrian tribe. Fanoula Papazoglou also speaks of "Greek foundation on barbarian territory". The theory of greater Atintania has been rebutted."</ref> |
There is an overall conecnsus in scholarship that that Atintanes, along with the rest of the Greek population of Epirus spoke a northwestern Greek variety similar to the [[Doric Greek]].<ref name=Giannakis>Filos, p. 224 "There is an overall consensus nowadays that the Greek-speaking population of Epirus, despite its fragmentation into major (Molossoi, Thesprotoi, Chaones) and minor (Athamanes (Athamanians), Atintanes, Paroraioi, Tymphaioi, etc.) tribes, spoke a North-West Doric variety akin to that of numerous neighboring populations of central and western Greece"</ref> Their idiom was similar to the one of the populations of central and western Greece.<ref name=Giannakis/> The name Atintanes is of Greek origin due to the suffix -anes while the possibility of an Illyrian root is excluded.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Toynbee|first1=Arnold Joseph|title=Some problems of Greek history|date=1969|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=113|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_18bAAAAYAAJ|language=en}}</ref> The suffix -anes is quite typical in north-western Doric Greek, but is also found in other Greek regions apart from Epirus.<ref>Filos, 2017, p. 240</ref> A hypothesis that Atintania formed a larger Illyrian state claimed by H. and N. Ceka has been rejected by modern scholarship.<ref>Chatzopoulos, 1997, p. 144: "Various hy - potheses have been formed to reconcile the contradictory statements in the sources. H. and N. Ceka for example consider Byllis and Nikaia to be part of the great Illyrian tribe of Atintanes, which also included Amantia, Olympe, and even Antigoneia. Hammond asserts that Byllis was a Greek colony founded in the chora cial of the Corinthian colonies , though it spread at an early of the Illyrian Bylliones , which was originally built on the coast and later transferred inland. Of the two series of coins, the one with the inscription "Byllis" belonged to the Greek colony, and the other with the inscription "Bylliones" to the Illyrian tribe. Fanoula Papazoglou also speaks of "Greek foundation on barbarian territory". The theory of greater Atintania has been rebutted."</ref> |
||
They inhabited an inland region in Epirus and were located between the [[Chaonians]] and the Peraivoi.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Toynbee|first1=Arnold Joseph|title=Some problems of Greek history|date=1969|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=101|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_18bAAAAYAAJ|language=en|quote=we find the Atintanes in between the Parauaioi and the Khaones.}}</ref> According to various scholars (Hammond, Winnifrith, Wilkes) there was another tribe with a similar name "Atintani" that inhabited a region further north of the later [[Via Egnatia]] and was Illyrian.<ref>Wilkes, 1995, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA96&dq=Atintanes#v=onepage&q=Atintanes&f=false p. 97]: One recent solution is that there were in fact two groups of this name...</ref><ref>N. G. L. Hammond: The kingdoms of Illyria circa 400–167 B.C. ''The Annual of the British School at Athens,'' LXI. (1966) pp. 247., 253.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Winnifrith|first1=Tom|title=Badlands, Borderlands: A History of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania|date=2002|publisher=Duckworth|isbn=9780715632017|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dkRoAAAAMAAJ|language=en|quote=We have referred to the problem of the Atintanes and the Parauaei. The Atintanes marching with the Molossians would seem to live in Greek Epirus, but we also find Atintani in the Albanian coastal plain.}}</ref> Scholars [[Fanula Papazoglou]] and [[Pierre Cabanes]] stated that there was no tribe of similar name and that the area it inhabited was located in the mountain ranges between the Aous ([[Vjosë]]) and the Apsus ([[Osum]]) rivers.<ref>Cabanes, 1988, pp. 62. “En commençant par le Sud, les premières populations qui voisinent avec les Épirotes sont les Atintanes, et ce ne sont pas les plus simples à situer sur le terrain ; il suffit de voir les problèmes qu’ils ont suscités à N. G. L. Hammond qui en arrive à multiplier les Atintanes en distinguant une Atintania épirote d’une Atintanis, qu’il place, d’abord, au Nord d’Elbasan dans la région appelée Çermenikë […]. J’ai repris l’ensemble des témoignages existant sur les Atintanes, et je ne reprendrai pas ici la démonstration, me limitant à en donner les conclusions et en me réjouissant que, dans une recherche parallèle, F. Papazoglou soit arrivée à des résultats identiques. L’Atintanie est située dans la zone de collines qui s’étend sur la rive droite de l’Aoos dans la Mallakastra, au Nord de Tepelen et peut-être jusque dans la région de Skrapar.”</ref><ref>Wilkes, 1995, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA96&dq=Atintanes#v=onepage&q=Atintanes&f=false p. 97]: Another view locates Atintanes among the hills on the right bank of the Aous in the Mallakastra north of Tepelen and perhaps as far as the area of Skrapar.</ref> In the lexicon "Ethnika" of [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], Atintania appears as a region of Macedonia, named after Atintan, a son of [[Makedon (mythology)|Makednos]] in the version of Lycaon. |
They inhabited an inland region in Epirus and were located between the [[Chaonians]] and the Peraivoi.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Toynbee|first1=Arnold Joseph|title=Some problems of Greek history|date=1969|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=101|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_18bAAAAYAAJ|language=en|quote=we find the Atintanes in between the Parauaioi and the Khaones.}}</ref> According to various scholars (Hammond, Winnifrith, Wilkes) there was another tribe with a similar name "Atintani" that inhabited a region further north of the later [[Via Egnatia]] and was Illyrian.<ref>Wilkes, 1995, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA96&dq=Atintanes#v=onepage&q=Atintanes&f=false p. 97]: One recent solution is that there were in fact two groups of this name...</ref><ref>N. G. L. Hammond: The kingdoms of Illyria circa 400–167 B.C. ''The Annual of the British School at Athens,'' LXI. (1966) pp. 247., 253.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Winnifrith|first1=Tom|title=Badlands, Borderlands: A History of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania|date=2002|publisher=Duckworth|isbn=9780715632017|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dkRoAAAAMAAJ|language=en|quote=We have referred to the problem of the Atintanes and the Parauaei. The Atintanes marching with the Molossians would seem to live in Greek Epirus, but we also find Atintani in the Albanian coastal plain.}}</ref> Scholars [[Fanula Papazoglou]] and [[Pierre Cabanes]] stated that there was no tribe of similar name and that the area it inhabited was located in the mountain ranges between the Aous ([[Vjosë]]) and the Apsus ([[Osum]]) rivers.<ref>Cabanes, 1988, pp. 62. “En commençant par le Sud, les premières populations qui voisinent avec les Épirotes sont les Atintanes, et ce ne sont pas les plus simples à situer sur le terrain ; il suffit de voir les problèmes qu’ils ont suscités à N. G. L. Hammond qui en arrive à multiplier les Atintanes en distinguant une Atintania épirote d’une Atintanis, qu’il place, d’abord, au Nord d’Elbasan dans la région appelée Çermenikë […]. J’ai repris l’ensemble des témoignages existant sur les Atintanes, et je ne reprendrai pas ici la démonstration, me limitant à en donner les conclusions et en me réjouissant que, dans une recherche parallèle, F. Papazoglou soit arrivée à des résultats identiques. L’Atintanie est située dans la zone de collines qui s’étend sur la rive droite de l’Aoos dans la Mallakastra, au Nord de Tepelen et peut-être jusque dans la région de Skrapar.”</ref><ref>Wilkes, 1995, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA96&dq=Atintanes#v=onepage&q=Atintanes&f=false p. 97]: Another view locates Atintanes among the hills on the right bank of the Aous in the Mallakastra north of Tepelen and perhaps as far as the area of Skrapar.</ref> In the lexicon "Ethnika" of [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], Atintania appears as a region of Macedonia, named after Atintan, a son of [[Makedon (mythology)|Makednos]] in the version of Lycaon. |
||
Line 25: | Line 24: | ||
*{{cite journal |last1=Dausse |first1=Marie-Pierre |editor1-last=Souchon |editor1-first=Cécile |title=La Grèce du Nord aux IVe et IIIe siècles avant J.-C. : des États puissants aux frontières floues? |journal=Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques |date=2015 |doi=10.4000/books.cths.2013 |url=https://books.openedition.org/cths/2043}} |
*{{cite journal |last1=Dausse |first1=Marie-Pierre |editor1-last=Souchon |editor1-first=Cécile |title=La Grèce du Nord aux IVe et IIIe siècles avant J.-C. : des États puissants aux frontières floues? |journal=Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques |date=2015 |doi=10.4000/books.cths.2013 |url=https://books.openedition.org/cths/2043}} |
||
*{{cite book|last1=Giannakis|first1=Georgios|last2=Crespo|first2=Emilio|last3=Filos|first3=Panagiotis|title=Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea|date=2017|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|isbn=9783110532135|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UrxGDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA224|language=en}} |
*{{cite book|last1=Giannakis|first1=Georgios|last2=Crespo|first2=Emilio|last3=Filos|first3=Panagiotis|title=Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea|date=2017|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|isbn=9783110532135|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UrxGDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA224|language=en}} |
||
* |
*{{cite journal | last=Hammond |first=N. G. L. | title=The Illyrian Atintani, the Epirotic Atintanes and the Roman Protectorate | jstor=301177 | year = 1989|journal = The Journal of Roman Studies| volume = 79 | issue = | doi = 10.2307/301177|pages= 11–25| pmid =}} |
||
*{{cite book|last=Hammond|first=N. G. L.|editor-last1=Lewis|editor-first1=D. M.|editor-last2=Boardman|editor-first2=John|editor-last3=Hornblower|editor-last3=Simon|editor-last4=Ostwald|editor-first3=M.|title=The Cambridge Ancient History: The Fourth Century B.C.|chapter=Illyrians and North-west Greeks|pp=422-443|year=1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zA9GAQAAIAAJ}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Kinzl|first1=Konrad H.|title=A Companion to the Classical Greek World|date=2010|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781444334128|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loeWIRBo3isC&pg}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last=Lasagni|first=Chiara|title=Le realtà locali nel mondo greco: Ricerche su poleis ed ethne della Grecia occidentale|editor-last1=Cresci Marrone|editor-first1=Giovannella|editor-last2=Culasso Gastaldi|editor-first2=Enrica|series=Studi e testi di epigrafia|publisher=Edizioni dell'Orso|year=2019|isbn=978-88-6274-962-6}} |
*{{cite book|last=Lasagni|first=Chiara|title=Le realtà locali nel mondo greco: Ricerche su poleis ed ethne della Grecia occidentale|editor-last1=Cresci Marrone|editor-first1=Giovannella|editor-last2=Culasso Gastaldi|editor-first2=Enrica|series=Studi e testi di epigrafia|publisher=Edizioni dell'Orso|year=2019|isbn=978-88-6274-962-6}} |
||
*{{cite book|last1=Šašel Kos|first1=Marjeta|title=Appian and Illyricum|year=2005|publisher=Narodni muzej Slovenije|isbn=961616936X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=opBpAAAAMAAJ}} |
*{{cite book|last1=Šašel Kos|first1=Marjeta|title=Appian and Illyricum|year=2005|publisher=Narodni muzej Slovenije|isbn=961616936X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=opBpAAAAMAAJ}} |
Revision as of 23:03, 26 November 2020
Atintanes, Atintani or Atintanians (Ancient Greek: Ἀτιντάνες, Atintánes; Latin: Atintanii) was an ancient tribe that lived in Atintania, a region located between Illyria and Epirus in classical antiquity.[1] They were occasionally subordinate to the Mollosians.[2]
Classification and ancient accounts
There is an overall conecnsus in scholarship that that Atintanes, along with the rest of the Greek population of Epirus spoke a northwestern Greek variety similar to the Doric Greek.[3] Their idiom was similar to the one of the populations of central and western Greece.[3] The name Atintanes is of Greek origin due to the suffix -anes while the possibility of an Illyrian root is excluded.[4] The suffix -anes is quite typical in north-western Doric Greek, but is also found in other Greek regions apart from Epirus.[5] A hypothesis that Atintania formed a larger Illyrian state claimed by H. and N. Ceka has been rejected by modern scholarship.[6]
They inhabited an inland region in Epirus and were located between the Chaonians and the Peraivoi.[7] According to various scholars (Hammond, Winnifrith, Wilkes) there was another tribe with a similar name "Atintani" that inhabited a region further north of the later Via Egnatia and was Illyrian.[8][9][10] Scholars Fanula Papazoglou and Pierre Cabanes stated that there was no tribe of similar name and that the area it inhabited was located in the mountain ranges between the Aous (Vjosë) and the Apsus (Osum) rivers.[11][12] In the lexicon "Ethnika" of Stephanus of Byzantium, Atintania appears as a region of Macedonia, named after Atintan, a son of Makednos in the version of Lycaon.
Thucydides listed them among the “barbarians” living north-west from the Greek lands.[13][14] Strabon presented them as Epirote people.[15][16] Appian's use of the ethnonym "Illyrian" for the Atintanes strictly refers to their political situation due to their annexation by Illyrians for a short time.[17]
Timeline
At the beginning of the Peloponnesian War (429 B.C.), Atintanes and Molossians appear under the leadership of Sabylinthus, regent of king Tharrhypas, as allies of Sparta against Acarnania.[18][19] In 330 B.C. the Atintanes formed the core of the Epirote state, together with the Molossians, Thesprotians, and the Cassopaeans.[20] In epigraphy, Kleomachos the Atintanian was given ateleia (full fiscal rights) in Epirus by the symmachoi (allies) of Epirotes, when king was Neoptolemus son of Alexander and Derkas, prostatas (archon) of the Molossians (c. 300 BC).[21] In the sanctuary of Dodona a fragmentary inscription of 4th century BC mentions Atintanes.[22] They became part of Macedon but at 295 B.C Pyrrhus detached Atintanis and made it a part of the Epirote Kingdom again.[23][24] After his death the Atintanias organized their own koinon (confederation).[25]
At 231 B.C. the Chaonian capital of Phoenice was raided by the Illyrians of Teuta. Those inhabitants of the city who survived the attack and slavery managed to flee to the territory of the Atintanes to seek for available reinforcements.[26] Atintania was possibly ceded to Teuta by the League of the Epirotes at 230 B.C. probably as part of an agreement with her.[27][28] When in 229 BC the First Illyrian War broke out between Rome and Illyrian queen Teuta, as well as Parthinians and the Atintanians surrendered to Rome. After this conflict, in 228 BC Rome set a protectorate on the conquered Illyrian lands as well as Atintanis.[29][30][31][32] In the Treaty of Phoenice, 205 BC, Atintania was assigned to the Macedonian Kingdom.[23]
References
- ^ Dausse 2015, p. 27: "Lorsque Pierre Cabanes évoque les limites de l’Illyrie méridionale avec l’Épire et la Macédoine, il s'arrête d'abord sur les nombreuses difficultés liées à cette tâche: pauvreté de la documentation, imprécision des sources littéraires ou encore mobilité des populations. La cartographie récente de Lauriane Martinez-Sève fait apparaître une vaste zone entre Illyrie, Épire et Macédoine, constituée du nord au sud de l’Atintanie, de la Paravée et de la Tymphée. On peut considérer qu'il s'agit d'une zone frontalière, une « zone intermédiaire » pour reprendre les termes de Pierre Cabanes. Dans ces régions, il semble très difficile de fixer des limites claires, d'autant que certains peuples sont trop mal connus pour être localisés précisément. Nous ne rouvrirons pas ici le dossier sur les Atintanes, qui a suscité de nombreux débats chez les historiens et des propositions de localisation très diverses. De celle-ci dépend la frontière entre Illyriens et Épirotes."
- ^ Kinzl 2010, p. 125.
- ^ a b Filos, p. 224 "There is an overall consensus nowadays that the Greek-speaking population of Epirus, despite its fragmentation into major (Molossoi, Thesprotoi, Chaones) and minor (Athamanes (Athamanians), Atintanes, Paroraioi, Tymphaioi, etc.) tribes, spoke a North-West Doric variety akin to that of numerous neighboring populations of central and western Greece"
- ^ Toynbee, Arnold Joseph (1969). Some problems of Greek history. Oxford University Press. p. 113.
- ^ Filos, 2017, p. 240
- ^ Chatzopoulos, 1997, p. 144: "Various hy - potheses have been formed to reconcile the contradictory statements in the sources. H. and N. Ceka for example consider Byllis and Nikaia to be part of the great Illyrian tribe of Atintanes, which also included Amantia, Olympe, and even Antigoneia. Hammond asserts that Byllis was a Greek colony founded in the chora cial of the Corinthian colonies , though it spread at an early of the Illyrian Bylliones , which was originally built on the coast and later transferred inland. Of the two series of coins, the one with the inscription "Byllis" belonged to the Greek colony, and the other with the inscription "Bylliones" to the Illyrian tribe. Fanoula Papazoglou also speaks of "Greek foundation on barbarian territory". The theory of greater Atintania has been rebutted."
- ^ Toynbee, Arnold Joseph (1969). Some problems of Greek history. Oxford University Press. p. 101.
we find the Atintanes in between the Parauaioi and the Khaones.
- ^ Wilkes, 1995, p. 97: One recent solution is that there were in fact two groups of this name...
- ^ N. G. L. Hammond: The kingdoms of Illyria circa 400–167 B.C. The Annual of the British School at Athens, LXI. (1966) pp. 247., 253.
- ^ Winnifrith, Tom (2002). Badlands, Borderlands: A History of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania. Duckworth. p. 46. ISBN 9780715632017.
We have referred to the problem of the Atintanes and the Parauaei. The Atintanes marching with the Molossians would seem to live in Greek Epirus, but we also find Atintani in the Albanian coastal plain.
- ^ Cabanes, 1988, pp. 62. “En commençant par le Sud, les premières populations qui voisinent avec les Épirotes sont les Atintanes, et ce ne sont pas les plus simples à situer sur le terrain ; il suffit de voir les problèmes qu’ils ont suscités à N. G. L. Hammond qui en arrive à multiplier les Atintanes en distinguant une Atintania épirote d’une Atintanis, qu’il place, d’abord, au Nord d’Elbasan dans la région appelée Çermenikë […]. J’ai repris l’ensemble des témoignages existant sur les Atintanes, et je ne reprendrai pas ici la démonstration, me limitant à en donner les conclusions et en me réjouissant que, dans une recherche parallèle, F. Papazoglou soit arrivée à des résultats identiques. L’Atintanie est située dans la zone de collines qui s’étend sur la rive droite de l’Aoos dans la Mallakastra, au Nord de Tepelen et peut-être jusque dans la région de Skrapar.”
- ^ Wilkes, 1995, p. 97: Another view locates Atintanes among the hills on the right bank of the Aous in the Mallakastra north of Tepelen and perhaps as far as the area of Skrapar.
- ^ Cabanes, 1988, pp. 27–28.
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. p. 384.
- ^ Cabanes, p. 230.
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. p. 385.
- ^ Chatzopoulos, 2020, "Appians use of the ethnic "Illyrian" for the Atintanes has been explained away as referring to their political situation after their annexation by Illyrian rulers"
- ^ Cabanes, pp. 47., 73.
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. p. 66.
- ^ Press, Cambridge University (1994). The Cambridge Ancient History: The fourth century B.C. Cambridge University Press. p. 442.
- ^ Cabanes, L'Épire 545,12
- ^ Lamelles Oraculaires 161
- ^ a b Dausse, 2015: "Ils peuvent apparaître comme Épirotes à certains moments et Macédoniens à d'autres. C'est le cas des Atintanes, cédés à Pyrrhos en 295 mais qui reviennent aux Macédoniens lors de la paix de Phoinicé en 205."
- ^ Cabanes, pp. 111, 143, 145, 147.
- ^ Cabanes, 65. pp. 231.
- ^ Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1994). Collected studies. Hakkert. p. 252.
A clue to the position of the Atintanes is provided in Polybius' account of the seizure of Phoenice by Illyrian pirates in 230 B.C. (2. 5). When an Epirote force was encamped outside Phoenice, the Illyrians made a sortie by night from Phoenice and next day defeated the Epirotes. The survivors of the Epirotes fled 'in the direction of the Atintanes. ... eastwards towards Mt Murgana and the headwaters of the Drin, where reinforcements might be available.
- ^ Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1967). Epirus: the Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas. Clarendon P. p. 598.
..."that Atintania had been ceded by the Epirote League to Teuta in 230
- ^ Leveque, P. (1997). The Koinon of the Epirotes (in Epirus, 4000 years of Greek history and civilization). Ekdotikē Athēnōn. p. 80. ISBN 9789602133712.
The koinon of the Epirotes abandoned the alliance with the Aitolians and sided with Teuta, which probably cost them the loss of Atintania.
- ^ Appian, Illyrian Wars, App. III. 2. “The latter [Illyrians] raised the siege and fled, and one of their tribes, called the Atintani, went over to the Romans. […] and the Illyrian Atintani were already Roman subjects.
- ^ Cabanes, pp. 277., 288.
- ^ Wilkes, p. 162
- ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. p. 181.
Bibliography
- Cabanes, Pierre (1988). Les illyriens de Bardulis à Genthios (IVe–IIe siècles avant J.-C.) [The Illyrians from Bardylis to Gentius (4th – 2nd century BC)] (in French). Paris: SEDES. ISBN 2718138416.
- Chatzopoulos, M. B. (2020). Ancient Macedonia. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-071868-3.
- Ceka, Neritan (2009). "Atintanët: një rivështrim mbi territorin dhe historinë e tyre / Les Atintanes, un nouvel aperçu de leur territoire et de leur histoire". Iliria. 34: 5–23. doi:10.3406/iliri.2009.1078.
- Ceka, Olgita (2012). "Il koinon e la città. L'esempio di Byllis". In G. de Marinis; G.M. FabriniG. Paci; R. Perna; M. Silvestrini (eds.). I processi formativi ed evolutividella città in area adriatica. BAR International Series. Vol. 2419. Archaeopress. pp. 59–64. ISBN 978-1-4073-1018-3.
- Chatzopoulos, M. B. (1997). "The Borders of Hellenism in Epirus during Antiquity". In M. V. Sakellariou (ed.). Ηπειρος: 4000 χρόνια ελληνικής ιστορίας και πολιτισμού. Ekdotike Athenon. ISBN 9789602133712.
- Dausse, Marie-Pierre (2015). Souchon, Cécile (ed.). "La Grèce du Nord aux IVe et IIIe siècles avant J.-C. : des États puissants aux frontières floues?". Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques. doi:10.4000/books.cths.2013.
- Giannakis, Georgios; Crespo, Emilio; Filos, Panagiotis (2017). Studies in Ancient Greek Dialects: From Central Greece to the Black Sea. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9783110532135.
- Hammond, N. G. L. (1989). "The Illyrian Atintani, the Epirotic Atintanes and the Roman Protectorate". The Journal of Roman Studies. 79: 11–25. doi:10.2307/301177. JSTOR 301177.
- Hammond, N. G. L. (1994). "Illyrians and North-west Greeks". In Lewis, D. M.; Boardman, John; Simon, M.; Ostwald (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Fourth Century B.C. Cambridge University Press. pp. 422–443.
- Kinzl, Konrad H. (2010). A Companion to the Classical Greek World. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444334128.
- Lasagni, Chiara (2019). Cresci Marrone, Giovannella; Culasso Gastaldi, Enrica (eds.). Le realtà locali nel mondo greco: Ricerche su poleis ed ethne della Grecia occidentale. Studi e testi di epigrafia. Edizioni dell'Orso. ISBN 978-88-6274-962-6.
- Šašel Kos, Marjeta (2005). Appian and Illyricum. Narodni muzej Slovenije. ISBN 961616936X.
- Wilkes, John (1995). The Illyrians. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19807-5.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)