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In the Balkans and [[Turkey]] Sufi Muslims make the dish during the month of [[Muharram]] in which the [[Day of Ashura|Day of Ashure]] takes place.<ref>{{cite book | last=Fieldhouse | first=P. | title=Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions [2 volumes] | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2017 | isbn=978-1-61069-412-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P-FqDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA42 | access-date=August 11, 2017 | page=42}}</ref> Traditionally, ashure is made in large quantities to commemorate the ark's landing and is distributed to friends, relatives, neighbors, colleagues, classmates, and others, without regard to the recipient's religion or belief system as an offering of peace and love. Ashure was traditionally made and eaten during the colder months of the year due to its heavy and calorie rich nature, but now it is enjoyed year-round. Armenians make it as a Christmas pudding and for New Year's celebrations, where it is a centerpiece. |
In the Balkans and [[Turkey]] Sufi Muslims make the dish during the month of [[Muharram]] in which the [[Day of Ashura|Day of Ashure]] takes place.<ref>{{cite book | last=Fieldhouse | first=P. | title=Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions [2 volumes] | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2017 | isbn=978-1-61069-412-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P-FqDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA42 | access-date=August 11, 2017 | page=42}}</ref> Traditionally, ashure is made in large quantities to commemorate the ark's landing and is distributed to friends, relatives, neighbors, colleagues, classmates, and others, without regard to the recipient's religion or belief system as an offering of peace and love. Ashure was traditionally made and eaten during the colder months of the year due to its heavy and calorie rich nature, but now it is enjoyed year-round. Armenians make it as a Christmas pudding and for New Year's celebrations, where it is a centerpiece. |
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⚫ | In anecdotal history, it is claimed that when [[Noah's Ark]] came to rest on [[Mount Ararat]], Noah's family celebrated with a special dish. Since their supplies were nearly exhausted, what was left (primarily grains, dried fruits and the like) was cooked together to form a [[pudding]], what is now called ashure. |
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⚫ | The word Ashure come from the Arabic word Ashura {{lang-ar|عاشوراء}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|ʻĀshūrā’ }}'', meaning 'tenth'.<ref name="nisanyansozluk.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=a%C5%9Fure&x=0&y=0|title=aşure|website=www.nisanyansozluk.com}}</ref> In Turkish tradition, this dish is made mostly on 10th of Muharram or after 10th of Muharram in Islamic Lunar Calendar. The association with Muharram is not only significant in Islamic beliefs, but also pre-Islamic beliefs, with some Semitic stories also referencing this month. |
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⚫ | Turkish families make ashure pudding to commemorate this event.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Univ of California Press| isbn = 978-0-520-28631-3| last = Laudan| first = Rachel| title = Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LawwDwAAQBAJ |date = 2015-04-03}}</ref> Among Turkish and Balkan Sufis (especially [[Bektashi]]), the ashure pudding is prepared with special prayers for health, healing, safety, success and spiritual nourishment.{{cn}} Ashure is distributed to the poor, as well as to neighbors, friends and relatives.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Halis Kutlu| last = Kutlu| first = Halis| title = Istanbul City Guide: Best Places Of Istanbul| date = 2014-05-26}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Also in Turkish, Ash(Aş) represents mixed porridge. It is derived from Persian word "Ashur" meaning ''mixing''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vajehyab.com/?q=%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1|title=جستوجوی آشور|first=Hossein|last=Saleminejad|website=www.vajehyab.com}}</ref |
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[[Evliya Çelebi]] says in his travelbook ''[[Seyahatname]]'' that "Ashure is a porridge (aş) that should be cooked at the tenth of Muharram." <ref name="nisanyansozluk.com"/> |
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⚫ | In Armenia, ''ashure'' may be garnished with pomegranate seeds and flavored with rose water, and the pudding is shared with neighbors during the Christmas season. The festive pudding is the centerpiece of the New Year's table, which is often decorated with dried fruits, nuts and pomegranates.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford Symposium| isbn = 978-1-903018-89-7| last = McWilliams| first = Mark| title = Celebration: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 2011| date = 2012-07-01|chapter=Be Merry, Around a Wheat Berry!}}</ref> |
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== Ingredients == |
== Ingredients == |
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In most cases, it is [[vegan]], and it is one of the well-known and the most popular vegan desserts in Turkish cuisine. |
In most cases, it is [[vegan]], and it is one of the well-known and the most popular vegan desserts in Turkish cuisine. |
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⚫ | The word Ashure come from the Arabic word Ashura {{lang-ar|عاشوراء}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|ʻĀshūrā’ }}'', meaning 'tenth'.<ref name="nisanyansozluk.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=a%C5%9Fure&x=0&y=0|title=aşure|website=www.nisanyansozluk.com}}</ref> In Turkish tradition, this dish is made mostly on 10th of Muharram or after 10th of Muharram in Islamic Lunar Calendar. The association with Muharram is not only significant in Islamic beliefs, but also pre-Islamic beliefs, with some Semitic stories also referencing this month. |
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⚫ | In anecdotal history, it is claimed that when [[Noah's Ark]] came to rest on [[Mount Ararat]], Noah's family celebrated with a special dish. Since their supplies were nearly exhausted, what was left (primarily grains, dried fruits and the like) was cooked together to form a [[pudding]], what is now called ashure. |
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⚫ | Turkish families make ashure pudding to commemorate this event.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Univ of California Press| isbn = 978-0-520-28631-3| last = Laudan| first = Rachel| title = Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LawwDwAAQBAJ |date = 2015-04-03}}</ref> Ashure is distributed to the poor, as well as to neighbors, friends and relatives.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Halis Kutlu| last = Kutlu| first = Halis| title = Istanbul City Guide: Best Places Of Istanbul| date = 2014-05-26}}</ref> |
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The Day of Ashure is an important day in the Muslim year, corresponding to the [[Moses|Mosaic]] [[Yom Kippur]] observed by Jews, and is observed by Muslims world over in honor of the prophet Moses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.30-days.net/islam/basics/islamic-holidays/ |title=Muslim Holy Days (Islamic Special Holidays) | 30-Days of Prayer for the Muslim World |publisher=30-days.net |access-date=2011-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206032206/http://www.30-days.net/islam/basics/islamic-holidays/ |archive-date=2011-12-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tasavvuf.devletli.com/asure-gunu-10-muharrem |title=Aşure Günü 10 Muharrem - İslam Tasavvuf Metafizik |publisher=Tasavvuf.devletli.com |date=2008-11-14 |access-date=2011-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426001735/http://tasavvuf.devletli.com/asure-gunu-10-muharrem |archive-date=2012-04-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.islamiyet.gen.tr/mubarek_gun_ve_geceler/muharrem_ayi_ve_asure_gunu.php |title=Muharrem Ayı ve Aşure Günü, Mübarek gün ve geceler, dini gün ve geceler, Mübarek Aylar, kadir gecesi, recep ayı, regaib kandili, Üç Aylara Girerken, Miraç Kandili, Şaban Ayı, Berat Kandili, Kadir Gecesi, Ramazan Bayramı, Şevval Ayı, Kurban ve Kurban Bayramı Özel Dosyası, Muharrem Ayı ve Aşure Günü, Kutlu Doğum ve Mevlid Kandili |publisher=Islamiyet.gen.tr |access-date=2011-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116005446/http://www.islamiyet.gen.tr/mubarek_gun_ve_geceler/muharrem_ayi_ve_asure_gunu.php |archive-date=2011-11-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/main_day3.htm |title=Muslim holy days |publisher=Religioustolerance.org |access-date=2011-11-25}}</ref> The Tenth of Muharrem [[Day of Ashura]] also marks the end of the [[Battle of Karbala]] and is a special day of observance in [[Shia Islam]]. Among Turkish and Balkan Sufis (especially [[Bektashi]]), the ashure pudding is prepared with special prayers for health, healing, safety, success and spiritual nourishment. |
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⚫ | In Armenia, ''ashure'' may be garnished with pomegranate seeds and flavored with rose water, and the pudding is shared with neighbors during the Christmas season. The festive pudding is the centerpiece of the New Year's table, which is often decorated with dried fruits, nuts and pomegranates.<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford Symposium| isbn = 978-1-903018-89-7| last = McWilliams| first = Mark| title = Celebration: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 2011| date = 2012-07-01|chapter=Be Merry, Around a Wheat Berry!}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
Revision as of 08:13, 28 May 2021
Alternative names | Ashura, anusabur, aşure, Noah's pudding |
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Type | Porridge |
Course | Dessert |
Main ingredients | Grains, fruits and nuts |
Ashure or Noah's pudding is a dessert porridge that is made of a mixture consisting of grains, fruits, dried fruits and nuts.
In the Balkans and Turkey Sufi Muslims make the dish during the month of Muharram in which the Day of Ashure takes place.[1] Traditionally, ashure is made in large quantities to commemorate the ark's landing and is distributed to friends, relatives, neighbors, colleagues, classmates, and others, without regard to the recipient's religion or belief system as an offering of peace and love. Ashure was traditionally made and eaten during the colder months of the year due to its heavy and calorie rich nature, but now it is enjoyed year-round. Armenians make it as a Christmas pudding and for New Year's celebrations, where it is a centerpiece.
History and traditions
In anecdotal history, it is claimed that when Noah's Ark came to rest on Mount Ararat, Noah's family celebrated with a special dish. Since their supplies were nearly exhausted, what was left (primarily grains, dried fruits and the like) was cooked together to form a pudding, what is now called ashure.
Turkish families make ashure pudding to commemorate this event.[2] Among Turkish and Balkan Sufis (especially Bektashi), the ashure pudding is prepared with special prayers for health, healing, safety, success and spiritual nourishment.[citation needed] Ashure is distributed to the poor, as well as to neighbors, friends and relatives.[3]
Evliya Çelebi says in his travelbook Seyahatname that "Ashure is a porridge (aş) that should be cooked at the tenth of Muharram." [4]
In Armenia, ashure may be garnished with pomegranate seeds and flavored with rose water, and the pudding is shared with neighbors during the Christmas season. The festive pudding is the centerpiece of the New Year's table, which is often decorated with dried fruits, nuts and pomegranates.[5]
Ingredients
Ashure porridge does not have a single recipe, as recipes vary between regions and families.[6]
Traditionally, it is said to have at least seven ingredients. Some say at least ten ingredients must be used, in keeping with the theme of "tenth", while Alevis always use twelve. Among these are wheat, barley, rice, white beans, chickpeas, sweetener, dates, pomegranates, beets, dried fruits, and nuts. However, many renditions add orange and lemon peel to add depth to the pudding. Anise seed, sesame seeds, pine nuts, black cumin seeds, prunus mahaleb, pomegranate kernels, pistachios, almonds, walnuts, cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg and allspice may be used as garnish, and some variations are flavored with anise liqueur, rose water and/or orange blossom water.
In most cases, it is vegan, and it is one of the well-known and the most popular vegan desserts in Turkish cuisine.
Etymology
The word Ashure come from the Arabic word Ashura Arabic: عاشوراء ʻĀshūrā’ , meaning 'tenth'.[4] In Turkish tradition, this dish is made mostly on 10th of Muharram or after 10th of Muharram in Islamic Lunar Calendar. The association with Muharram is not only significant in Islamic beliefs, but also pre-Islamic beliefs, with some Semitic stories also referencing this month.
Also in Turkish, Ash(Aş) represents mixed porridge. It is derived from Persian word "Ashur" meaning mixing.[7]
References
- ^ Fieldhouse, P. (2017). Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-61069-412-4. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
- ^ Laudan, Rachel (2015-04-03). Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History. Univ of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-28631-3.
- ^ Kutlu, Halis (2014-05-26). Istanbul City Guide: Best Places Of Istanbul. Halis Kutlu.
- ^ a b "aşure". www.nisanyansozluk.com.
- ^ McWilliams, Mark (2012-07-01). "Be Merry, Around a Wheat Berry!". Celebration: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 2011. Oxford Symposium. ISBN 978-1-903018-89-7.
- ^ "Noah's Pudding. Rumi Club. University of Massachusetts" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ Saleminejad, Hossein. "جستوجوی آشور". www.vajehyab.com.