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{{Short description|American politician (born 1989)}} |
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{{Redirect|AOC}} |
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{{short description|U.S. Representative from New York}} |
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{{Good article}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2019}} |
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{{Use American English|date=June 2018}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2023}} |
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{{Use American English|date=May 2023}} |
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{{Infobox officeholder |
{{Infobox officeholder |
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|name = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
| name = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
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|image = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Official Portrait.jpg |
| image = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Official Portrait.jpg |
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| caption = Official portrait, 2019 |
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|state = [[New York (state)|New York]] |
| state = [[New York (state)|New York]] |
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|district = {{ushr|NY|14|14th}} |
| district = {{ushr|NY|14|14th}} |
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|term_start = January 3, 2019 |
| term_start = January 3, 2019 |
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|term_end = |
| term_end = |
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|predecessor = [[Joe Crowley]] |
| predecessor = [[Joe Crowley]] |
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|successor = |
| successor = |
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|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|10|13}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|10|13}} |
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|birth_place |
| birth_place = New York City, U.S.<!--No boroughs/neighborhoods, just cities per format.--> |
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| death_date = |
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|party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |
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| death_place = |
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|otherparty = <!-- Intended for *party* affiliations. DSA is not a party. --> |
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| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |
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|education = [[Boston University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) |
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| education = [[Boston University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) |
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|website = {{url|ocasio-cortez.house.gov|House website}} |
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| website = {{URL|https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov|House website}} |
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| signature = AOC Signature.svg |
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| otherparty = [[Working Families Party]]{{efn|Elected on both [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] and [[Working Families Party|WFP]] ballot lines in [[New York (state)|New York]] via [[Electoral fusion#New York|electoral fusion]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=New York's 14th Congressional District election, 2022|url=https://ballotpedia.org/New_York%27s_14th_Congressional_District_election,_2022 |access-date=October 17, 2023 |website=[[Ballotpedia]]|language=en}}</ref>}}<br>[[Democratic Socialists of America]]{{efn|Democratic Socialists of America is not a registered political party, instead, it is a political organization for those with democratic socialist ideologies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Jeff |date=August 5, 2017 |title=9 questions about the Democratic Socialists of America you were too embarrassed to ask |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/8/5/15930786/dsa-socialists-convention-national |access-date=July 11, 2022 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|language=en}}</ref>}} |
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| module = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Town Hall Ep 08 (Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez).ogg|title=Ocasio-Cortez's voice|type=speech|description=On [[Medicare for all]]<br/>Recorded April 28, 2019}} |
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}} |
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{{Socialism US|people}} |
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'''Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez''' ({{IPAc-en|oʊ|ˌ|k|ɑː|s|i|oʊ|_|k|ɔːr|ˈ|t|ɛ|z}}; {{IPA-es|oˈkasjo koɾˈtes|lang}};<ref>{{cite web|last=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|title=The Courage to Change {{!}} Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|date=May 30, 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rq3QXIVR0bs&t=19s|access-date=November 20, 2018}}</ref> born October 13, 1989), also known by her initials, '''AOC''',<ref>{{cite news |last1=Krugman |first1=Paul |title=More on a Job Guarantee (Wonkish) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/opinion/more-on-a-job-guarantee-wonkish.html |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=July 5, 2018 |quote=But I'm fine with candidates like AOC (can we start abbreviating?) proposing the jobs guarantee, for a couple of reasons. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121123457/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/05/opinion/more-on-a-job-guarantee-wonkish.html |archive-date=January 21, 2019 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|user=AOC|number=1079127333120954368|date=December 29, 2018|title=Public Twitter Announcement}}</ref> is an American politician and activist.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/06/what-left-socialist-superstar-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-learned-from-trump|title=What the Left's Next Socialist Superstar Learned from Trump|first=T.A.|last=Frank|website=Vanity Fair |access-date=July 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727164737/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/06/what-left-socialist-superstar-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-learned-from-trump |archive-date=July 27, 2018 |date=July 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Abigail Hess apartment" /> A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], she has been the [[U.S. Representative]] for [[New York's 14th congressional district]] since January 3, 2019. The district includes the eastern part of [[The Bronx]] and portions of north-central [[Queens]] in [[New York City]]. |
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'''Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez''' ({{IPAc-en|oʊ|ˌ|k|ɑː|s|i|oʊ|_|k|ɔːr|ˈ|t|ɛ|z|audio=En-us-Ocasio-Cortez.ogg}} {{respell|oh|KAH|see|oh|_|kor|TEZ}}, {{IPA|es|aleɣˈsandɾja oˈkasjo koɾˈtes|lang}}; born October 13, 1989), also known by her initials '''AOC''', is an American [[left-wing]] politician and activist. She has served as the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. representative]] for [[New York's 14th congressional district]] since 2019, as a member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]. |
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On June 26, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez drew national recognition when she won the Democratic Party's [[2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|primary election]] for New York's 14th congressional district, defeating the ten-term incumbent Congressman, [[Democratic Caucus Chairman of the United States House of Representatives|Democratic Caucus Chair]] [[Joe Crowley]], in what was widely seen as the biggest [[Upset (competition)|upset]] victory in the [[United States elections, 2018|2018 midterm election primaries]].{{refn|<ref>{{cite news|first=Tim|last=Murphy|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york/|title=A progressive insurgent just pulled off the biggest Democratic primary upset in years|work=Mother Jones |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627041545/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Gregory Krieg CNN">{{cite news|first=Gregory|last=Krieg|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/26/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-new-york-14-primary/index.html|title=A 28-year-old Democratic Socialist just ousted a powerful, 10-term congressman in New York|publisher=CNN|location=Atlanta, Georgia|date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=June 27, 2018|quote=" in the most shocking upset of a rollicking political season". |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627022605/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/26/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-new-york-14-primary/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/takeaways-tuesday-primaries-crowley/index.html|title=The biggest night so far for progressives and other takeaways from Tuesday night's primaries|author=Dan Merica and Eric Bradner|date=June 27, 2018|publisher=CNN |access-date=June 27, 2018|quote="It was the most shocking result of 2018's political season so far{{nbsp}}..." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627163014/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/takeaways-tuesday-primaries-crowley/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/young-progressive-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-topples-old-boss-joe-crowley-in-democratic-primary-shocker|title=Young Progressive Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Topples Old Boss Joe Crowley in Democratic Primary Shocker|last=Resnick|first=Gideon|date=June 27, 2018|work=The Daily Beast |access-date=June 27, 2018|quote="In one of the most shocking upsets in recent political history{{nbsp}}..." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703221432/https://www.thedailybeast.com/young-progressive-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-topples-old-boss-joe-crowley-in-democratic-primary-shocker |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Seitz">{{cite web|first=Alex|last=Seitz-Wald|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-crowley-loses-28-year-old-newcomer-alexandria-ocasio-n886851|title=High-ranking Democrat ousted in stunning primary loss to newcomer Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|publisher=[[NBC News]]|date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627143539/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-crowley-loses-28-year-old-newcomer-alexandria-ocasio-n886851 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref>}} She beat Republican opponent Anthony Pappas in the November 6, 2018 general election, and at age 29, became the youngest woman ever to serve in the United States Congress.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/politics/ocasio-cortez-youngest-woman-ever/index.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez to be youngest woman ever elected to Congress|accessdate=November 6, 2018|publisher=CNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107064936/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/politics/ocasio-cortez-youngest-woman-ever/index.html|archive-date=November 7, 2018|dead-url=no}} This distinction had been previously held by New York [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Elise Stefanik]], who was elected at the age 30 in [[United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 2014|2014]]. See {{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/elise-stefanik-youngest-woman-elected-congress/story?id=26694806|title=Elise Stefanik, the Youngest Woman Ever Elected to Congress|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=November 6, 2014}}</ref> |
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On June 26, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez drew national recognition when she won the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]'s [[2018 New York's 14th congressional district election#Primary election|primary election]] for New York's 14th congressional district. She [[2018 New York's 14th congressional district election|defeated]] [[Democratic Caucus Chairman of the United States House of Representatives|Democratic Caucus Chair]] [[Joe Crowley]], a 10-term incumbent, in what was widely seen as the biggest [[Upset (competition)|upset]] victory in the [[2018 United States elections|2018 midterm election primaries]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Tim |last=Murphy |url-status=live |date=June 26, 2018 |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york/ |title=A progressive insurgent just pulled off the biggest Democratic primary upset in years |work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627041545/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Gregory Krieg CNN">{{cite news |last=Krieg |first=Gregory |date=June 27, 2018 |title=A 28-year-old Democratic Socialist just ousted a powerful, 10-term congressman in New York |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/26/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-new-york-14-primary/index.html |publisher=[[CNN]]|location=Atlanta, Georgia |access-date=June 27, 2018 |quote=in the '''most shocking upset''' of a rollicking political season |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627022605/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/26/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-new-york-14-primary/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Merica |first1=Dan |last2=Bradner |first2=Eric |date=June 27, 2018 |title=The biggest night so far for progressives and other takeaways from Tuesday night's primaries |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/takeaways-tuesday-primaries-crowley/index.html |publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=June 27, 2018 |quote=It was the '''most shocking result''' of 2018's political season so far{{spaces}}... |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627163014/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/27/politics/takeaways-tuesday-primaries-crowley/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> She easily won the [[2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New York|November general election]], defeating [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] Anthony Pappas. She was reelected in the [[2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|2020]] and [[2022 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|2022]] elections. |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a member of the [[Democratic Socialists of America]].<ref name="vox_2018-06-27" /> Ocasio-Cortez and [[Rashida Tlaib]] are the first two members of the group in Congress. She advocates for a progressive platform that includes [[Medicare For All]], a federal [[job guarantee|jobs guarantee]], guaranteed [[Parental leave|family leave]], establishing a [[Green New Deal]], abolishing [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]], free public college and trade school, infrastructure projects for renewable energy, and a 70% marginal tax rate for incomes above $10 million. Before running for Congress, she served as an educational director for the 2017 Northeast Collegiate World Series for the [[National Hispanic Institute]]. Ocasio-Cortez majored in [[international relations]] and economics at [[Boston University]], graduating ''[[Latin honors|cum laude]]'' in 2011. |
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Taking office at age 29, Ocasio-Cortez is [[List of youngest members of the United States Congress|the youngest woman ever to serve in the United States Congress]].<ref name="GrigoryanSuetzl190">{{cite book |last1=Grigoryan |first1=Nune |last2=Suetzl |first2=Wolfgang |chapter=Hybridized political participation |editor1-last=Atkinson |editor1-first=Joshua D. |editor2-last=Kenix |editor2-first=Linda |title=Alternative Media Meets Mainstream Politics: Activist Nation Rising |year=2019 |location=Lanham, MD |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=9781498584357 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_CYDwAAQBAJ |pages=190 |access-date=June 22, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803205039/https://books.google.com/books?id=D_CYDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Watkins |first=Eli |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Ocasio-Cortez to be youngest woman ever elected to Congress |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/politics/ocasio-cortez-youngest-woman-ever/index.html |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107064936/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/06/politics/ocasio-cortez-youngest-woman-ever/index.html|archive-date=November 7, 2018|url-status=live }}</ref> She has been noted for her substantial [[social media]] presence relative to her fellow members of Congress.<ref name="axiosnov" /> Ocasio-Cortez attended [[Boston University]], where she [[Double majors in the United States|double-majored]] in [[international relations]] and [[economics]], graduating ''[[Latin honors#Distinctions|cum laude]]''. She was previously an activist and worked as a waitress and bartender before running for Congress in 2018. |
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== Early life == |
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Ocasio-Cortez was born in [[The Bronx]], [[New York City]], on October 13, 1989, to Blanca Ocasio-Cortez ({{nee|Cortez}}) and Sergio Ocasio in a [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]] family.<ref>[https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-her-catholic-faith-and-urgency-criminal&ved=2ahUKEwi_ipij9_HfAhVO1-AKHa4yBOsQFjAJegQIAxAB&usg=AOvVaw0AlLIoDEepojQ77VDhXfy1 ]{{dead link|date=January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Meet Alexandria|url=https://ocasio2018.com/about|website=Ocasio 2018: Vote June 26 |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627143050/https://www.ocasio2018.com/about |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> She has a younger brother, Gabriel Ocasio-Cortez.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a26251021/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-brother-gabriel|title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio Cortez's Brother Gabriel? He's an Artist and Musician|last=Igoe|first=Katherine J.|date=February 8, 2019|website=Marie Claire|language=en|access-date=February 10, 2019}}</ref> Her father was born in the Bronx to a [[Puerto Ricans|Puerto Rican]] family, and became an architect; her mother was born in Puerto Rico.<ref name="Vivian Wang Giant Slayer" /><ref name="nyt-profile">{{cite news|first1=Andy|last1=Newman|first2=Vivian|last2=Wang|first3=Luis|last3=Ferré-Sadurní|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Emerges as a Political Star|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bio-profile.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|location=New York City|date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628072729/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bio-profile.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> She has described her Puerto Rican community as an amalgamation: "We are black; we are indigenous; we are Spanish; we are European."<ref name=Goldmacher>{{cite news| issn = 0362-4331| last = Goldmacher| first = Shane| title = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Jewish, Too?| work = The New York Times| accessdate = February 9, 2019| date = December 10, 2018| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/10/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-jewish.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190119163841/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/10/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-jewish.html| archive-date = January 19, 2019| dead-url = no| df = mdy-all}}</ref> Until age five, Ocasio-Cortez lived with her family in an apartment in the neighborhood of [[Parkchester, Bronx|Parkchester]].<ref name="nyt-profile" /> The family moved to a house in [[Yorktown Heights, New York|Yorktown Heights]], a suburb in [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester County]].<ref name="nyt-profile" /> |
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Alongside [[Rashida Tlaib]], Ocasio-Cortez was the first female member of the [[Democratic Socialists of America]] elected to serve in Congress.<ref name="vox_2018-06-27" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://inthesetimes.com/article/21570/socialists-house-midterms-victor-berger-ocasio-cortez-tlaib |title=Socialists in the House: A 100-Year History from Victor Berger to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |last=Isserman |first=Maurice |date=November 8, 2018 |website=In These Times |language=en-US |access-date=May 11, 2018 |archive-date=February 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211185504/http://inthesetimes.com/article/21570/socialists-house-midterms-victor-berger-ocasio-cortez-tlaib |url-status=live }}</ref> She advocates a [[Progressivism in the United States|progressive]] platform that includes support for [[workplace democracy]],<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=Unlikely Advocates: Worker Co-ops, Grassroots Organizing, and Public Policy |url=https://nonprofitquarterly.org/unlikely-advocates-worker-co-ops-grassroots-organizing-and-public-policy/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Non Profit News {{!}} Nonprofit Quarterly |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Medicare for All]], tuition-free public college, a [[Federal job guarantee|federal jobs guarantee]], a [[Green New Deal]], and [[Abolish ICE|abolishing]] the [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE). |
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Ocasio-Cortez attended [[Yorktown High School (New York)|Yorktown High School]], graduating in 2007.<ref name="lohud.com 2018">{{cite web | title=Bronx political star Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez commuted to Yorktown for high school | website=lohud.com | date=June 28, 2018 | url=https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/westchester/yorktown/2018/06/28/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-yorktown/743485002/ | access-date=December 1, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201052811/https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/westchester/yorktown/2018/06/28/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-yorktown/743485002/ | archive-date=December 1, 2018 | dead-url=no | df=mdy-all }}</ref> She won second prize in the Microbiology category in the [[Intel International Science and Engineering Fair]] with a [[microbiology]] research project on the effect of [[antioxidant]]s on the lifespan of the [[nematode]] ''[[C. elegans]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Intel ISEF Alumna Headed to Capitol Hill|url=https://www.societyforscience.org/content/ssp-blog/intel-isef-alumna-headed-capitol-hill|website=Society for Science & the Public|accessdate=December 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130232735/https://www.societyforscience.org/content/ssp-blog/intel-isef-alumna-headed-capitol-hill|archive-date=November 30, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> In a show of appreciation for her efforts, the [[International Astronomical Union]] named a small asteroid after her: [[23238 Ocasio-Cortez]].<ref name="Malloy Rising">{{cite news|last=Malloy|first=Daniel|title=This Berniecrat Aims to Unseat a Queens Power Broker|newspaper=[[Ozy (magazine)|Ozy]]|date=June 23, 2018|url=https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/this-berniecrat-aims-to-unseat-a-queens-power-broker/83063|accessdate=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627115704/https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/this-berniecrat-aims-to-unseat-a-queens-power-broker/83063 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="NASA">{{cite web|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ocasio-Cortez;old=0;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#discovery|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser|last=Chamberlin|first=Alan|website=ssd.jpl.nasa.gov |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809144242/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ocasio-Cortez;old=0;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#discovery |archive-date=August 9, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> In high school, she took part in the [[National Hispanic Institute]]'s [[Lorenzo de Zavala]] (LDZ) Youth Legislative Session. She later became the LDZ Secretary of State while she attended [[Boston University]]. Ocasio-Cortez had a [[National Hispanic Institute#John F. Lopez Fellowship (JFL)|John F. Lopez Fellowship]].<ref name="NHI Person of the Year">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nhimagazine.com/2017/12/31/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-named-2017-nhi-person-year/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez named 2017 NHI Person of the Year|date=December 31, 2017|work=NHI Magazine |access-date=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703180341/http://www.nhimagazine.com/2017/12/31/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-named-2017-nhi-person-year/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> In 2008, while Ocasio-Cortez was a sophomore at Boston University, her father died of lung cancer.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lohud.com/story/news/politics/2018/07/02/ocasio-cortez-westchester/751333002/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez takes heat for growing up in Westchester|work=lohud.com|access-date=September 4, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theintercept.com/2018/06/27/an-interview-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-young-democratic-socialist-who-just-shocked-the-establishment/|title=An Interview With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the Young Democratic Socialist Who Just Shocked the Establishment|last=Scahill|first=Jeremy|date=June 27, 2018|website=The Intercept|language=en-US|access-date=September 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903131318/https://theintercept.com/2018/06/27/an-interview-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-young-democratic-socialist-who-just-shocked-the-establishment/|archive-date=September 3, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> During college, she served as an intern in the immigration office during the final year of U.S. Senator [[Ted Kennedy]]'s tenure.<ref name=Mic>{{Cite news|url=https://mic.com/articles/187994/meet-the-young-progressive-latina-trying-to-oust-one-of-the-most-powerful-democrats-in-the-house|title=Meet the young progressive Latina trying to oust one of the most powerful Democrats in the House|last=Joyce|first=A.P.|date=February 28, 2018|work=Mic |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> "I was the only Spanish speaker, and as a result, as basically a kid—a 19-, 20-year-old kid—whenever a frantic call would come into the office because someone is looking for their husband because they have been snatched off the street by ICE, I was the one that had to pick up that phone," Ocasio-Cortez said. "I was the one that had to help that person navigate that system."<ref name=Mic/> |
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==Early life and education== |
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She graduated ''[[cum laude]]'' from Boston University's [[Boston University College of Arts and Sciences|College of Arts and Sciences]] in 2011, majoring in [[international relations]] and economics.<ref name="NHI Person of the Year" /><ref>"Boston University Commencement 2011". https://www.bu.edu/commencement/files/2012/12/2011Redbook.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123135730/http://www.bu.edu/commencement/files/2012/12/2011Redbook.pdf |date=November 23, 2015}}. Retrieved August 1, 2018.</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Tom|last=Embury-Dennis|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/alexandria-ocasiocortez-democrats-election-new-york-bronx-queens-socialist-midterms-joe-crowley-a8419111.html|title=Everything you need to know about Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the 28-year-old socialist hailed as the 'future of the Democratic Party'|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|publisher=Independent Print Ltd.|location=London, England|date=June 27, 2018|accessdate=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628085251/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/alexandria-ocasiocortez-democrats-election-new-york-bronx-queens-socialist-midterms-joe-crowley-a8419111.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez was born in the New York City borough of [[the Bronx]] on October 13, 1989, the daughter of Sergio Ocasio-Roman and Blanca Ocasio-Cortez ({{nee|Cortez}}).<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet Alexandria |url=https://ocasio2018.com/about |publisher=Ocasio 2018 |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627143050/https://www.ocasio2018.com/about |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> She has a younger brother named Gabriel.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a26251021/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-brother-gabriel/ |title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio Cortez's Brother Gabriel? He's an Artist and Musician |last=Igoe |first=Katherine J. |date=February 8, 2019 |website=Marie Claire|access-date=February 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130932/https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a26251021/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-brother-gabriel/|archive-date=February 12, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Her father was [[Nuyorican|born in the Bronx to a Puerto Rican family]] and became an architect; her mother was born in Puerto Rico.<ref name="Vivian Wang Giant Slayer">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html |title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez? A Democratic Giant Slayer |last=Wang |first=Vivian |date=June 27, 2018|access-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627090426/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html|archive-date=June 27, 2018|url-status=live |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="nyt-profile">{{cite news |first1=Andy |last1=Newman |first2=Vivian |last2=Wang |first3=Luis |last3=Ferré-Sadurní |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Emerges as a Political Star |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bio-profile.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York City |date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628072729/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bio-profile.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Goldmacher>{{cite news |issn=0362-4331 |last=Goldmacher |first=Shane |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Jewish, Too? |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=February 9, 2019 |date=December 10, 2018 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/10/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-jewish.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119163841/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/10/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-jewish.html|archive-date=January 19, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez lived with her family in an apartment in the Bronx neighborhood of [[Parkchester, Bronx|Parkchester]]<ref name="nyt-profile" /> until she was five, when the family moved to a house in suburban [[Yorktown Heights, New York|Yorktown Heights]].<ref name="nyt-profile" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2018-07-03/rising-star-democrat-ocasio-cortez-defends-bronx-roots |agency=[[Associated Press]] |first=Stephen |last=Groves |title=Rising Political Star Ocasio-Cortez Defends Bronx Roots |date=July 3, 2018 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]]|access-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715171023/https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2018-07-03/rising-star-democrat-ocasio-cortez-defends-bronx-roots |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez attended [[Yorktown High School (New York)|Yorktown High School]], graduating in 2007.<ref name="lohud.com 2018">{{cite web |first=Isabel |last=Keane |title=Bronx political star Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez commuted to Yorktown for high school |publisher=lohud.com |date=June 28, 2018 |url=https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/westchester/yorktown/2018/06/28/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-yorktown/743485002/ | access-date=December 1, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201052811/https://www.lohud.com/story/news/local/westchester/yorktown/2018/06/28/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-yorktown/743485002/ | archive-date=December 1, 2018 | url-status=live}}</ref> In high school and college, Ocasio-Cortez went by the name of "Sandy Ocasio".<ref name="Yglesias">{{cite web |last1=Yglesias |first1=Matthew |title=Conservatives' Obsession With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's High School, Explained |url=https://www.vox.com/2019/1/4/18167175/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-sandy-yorktown-high-school |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|publisher=Vox Media |access-date=November 15, 2019 |date=January 4, 2019 |quote=There's nothing in any way extraordinary about the yearbook photos, though they do establish that she went by "Sandy Ocasio" at the time. |archive-date=November 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101084511/https://www.vox.com/2019/1/4/18167175/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-sandy-yorktown-high-school |url-status=live }}</ref> She came in second in the [[microbiology]] category of the [[Intel International Science and Engineering Fair]] in 2007 with a research project on the effect of [[antioxidant]]s on the lifespan of the [[nematode]] ''[[Caenorhabditis elegans]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Intel ISEF Alumna Headed to Capitol Hill |url=https://www.societyforscience.org/content/ssp-blog/intel-isef-alumna-headed-capitol-hill |publisher=Society for Science & the Public |access-date=December 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130232735/https://www.societyforscience.org/content/ssp-blog/intel-isef-alumna-headed-capitol-hill|archive-date=November 30, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=King |first1=Georgia Frances |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez won a science-fair prize for research involving free radicals |date=December 1, 2018 |url=https://qz.com/1481551/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-won-a-2007-isef-science-fair-prize-for-her-microbiology-research/ |work=Quartz |language=en |access-date=September 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014232106/https://qz.com/1481551/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-won-a-2007-isef-science-fair-prize-for-her-microbiology-research/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In a show of appreciation for her efforts, the [[MIT Lincoln Laboratory]] named a small [[asteroid]] after her: [[23238 Ocasio-Cortez]].<ref name="Malloy Rising">{{cite news |last=Malloy |first=Daniel |title=This Berniecrat Aims to Unseat a Queens Power Broker |newspaper=[[Ozy (magazine)|Ozy]] |date=June 23, 2018 |url=https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/this-berniecrat-aims-to-unseat-a-queens-power-broker/83063 |access-date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627115704/https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/this-berniecrat-aims-to-unseat-a-queens-power-broker/83063 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NASA">{{cite web |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ocasio-Cortez |date=August 30, 2007 |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |last=Chamberlin |first=Alan |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809144242/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ocasio-Cortez;old=0;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=0#discovery |archive-date=August 9, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> In high school, she took part in the [[National Hispanic Institute]]'s [[Lorenzo de Zavala]] (LDZ) Youth Legislative Session. She later became the LDZ Secretary of State while she attended [[Boston University]]. Ocasio-Cortez had a [[National Hispanic Institute#John F. Lopez Fellowship (JFL)|John F. Lopez Fellowship]].<ref name="NHI Person of the Year">{{Cite news |url=http://www.nhimagazine.com/2017/12/31/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-named-2017-nhi-person-year/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez named 2017 NHI Person of the Year |date=December 31, 2017 |work=NHI Magazine |access-date=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703180341/http://www.nhimagazine.com/2017/12/31/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-named-2017-nhi-person-year/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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When her father died [[intestate]] in 2008,<ref>{{Cite magazine|first=Megan|last=Kimble|url=https://psmag.com/magazine/making-a-run-for-it|title=Making a Run for It: Meet Some of the First-Time Female Candidates Running for Office in the Wake of the Trump Presidency|magazine=[[Pacific Standard]]|publisher=The Social Justice Foundation|location=Santa Barbara, California|date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703043759/https://psmag.com/magazine/making-a-run-for-it |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> she became involved in a long [[probate]] battle to settle his estate. She has said that the experience helped her learn "firsthand how attorneys appointed by the court to administer an estate can enrich themselves at the expense of the families struggling to make sense of the bureaucracy."<ref name="Looks to dethrone">{{cite news|first1=Aida|last1=Chavez|first2=Ryan|last2=Grim|url=https://theintercept.com/2018/05/22/joseph-crowley-alexandra-ocasio-cortez-new-york-primary/|title=A Primary Against the Machine: a Bronx Activist Looks to Dethrone Joseph Crowley, The King of Queens|work=[[The Intercept]]|publisher=[[First Look Media]]|location=New York City|date=May 22, 2018|accessdate=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627062529/https://theintercept.com/2018/05/22/joseph-crowley-alexandra-ocasio-cortez-new-york-primary/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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After graduating from high school, Ocasio-Cortez enrolled at [[Boston University]]. Her father died of [[lung cancer]] in 2008 during her second year,<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Mark |last1=Lungariello |first2=Jonathan |last2=Bandler |url=https://www.lohud.com/story/news/politics/2018/07/02/ocasio-cortez-westchester/751333002/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez takes heat for growing up in Westchester |publisher=lohud.com |access-date=September 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127000853/https://www.lohud.com/story/news/politics/2018/07/02/ocasio-cortez-westchester/751333002/|archive-date=January 27, 2019|url-status=live |date=July 4, 2018}}</ref><ref name="InterceptInteview">{{cite web |url=https://theintercept.com/2018/06/27/an-interview-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-young-democratic-socialist-who-just-shocked-the-establishment/ |title=An Interview With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the Young Democratic Socialist Who Just Shocked the Establishment |last=Scahill |first=Jeremy |author-link=Jeremy Scahill |date=June 27, 2018 |website=The Intercept|access-date=September 4, 2018 |quote=One of the big decisions though was that I was at Standing Rock in December 2016{{spaces}}... The day after I got off camp, I was contacted by a progressive organization, Brand New Congress, which was seeking to mount non-corporate candidates in the 2018 midterm.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903131318/https://theintercept.com/2018/06/27/an-interview-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-young-democratic-socialist-who-just-shocked-the-establishment/|archive-date=September 3, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and Ocasio-Cortez became involved in a lengthy [[probate]] dispute to settle his estate. She has said that the experience helped her learn "first-hand how attorneys appointed by the court to administer an estate can enrich themselves at the expense of the families struggling to make sense of the bureaucracy".<ref name="Looks to dethrone">{{cite news |first1=Aida |last1=Chavez |first2=Ryan |last2=Grim |url=https://theintercept.com/2018/05/22/joseph-crowley-alexandra-ocasio-cortez-new-york-primary/ |title=A Primary Against the Machine: a Bronx Activist Looks to Dethrone Joseph Crowley, The King of Queens |work=[[The Intercept]] |publisher=[[First Look Media]] |location=New York City |date=May 22, 2018 |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627062529/https://theintercept.com/2018/05/22/joseph-crowley-alexandra-ocasio-cortez-new-york-primary/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> During college, Ocasio-Cortez was an intern for U.S. senator [[Ted Kennedy]] in his section on [[foreign affairs]] and [[Immigration|immigration issues]].<ref name="Mic">{{Cite news |url=https://www.mic.com/articles/187994/meet-the-young-progressive-latina-trying-to-oust-one-of-the-most-powerful-democrats-in-the-house |title=Meet the young progressive Latina trying to oust one of the most powerful Democrats in the House |last=Joyce |first=A.P. |date=February 28, 2018 |work=[[Mic (media company)|Mic]]|access-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612212215/https://mic.com/articles/187994/meet-the-young-progressive-latina-trying-to-oust-one-of-the-most-powerful-democrats-in-the-house|archive-date=June 12, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In interviews, she claimed to have been the only Spanish speaker in the office and the sole person responsible for assisting Spanish-speaking constituents.<ref name="Mic" /><ref name="snopes cum laude" /><ref>{{cite web|first1=Deepti|last1=Hajela|accessdate=2023-05-29|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, former BU student, shocks Crowley in Democratic primary in NY - The Boston Globe|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2018/06/26/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-former-student-shocks-crowley-democratic-primary/puBJbNvOnrSIdaOgyvM5sN/story.html|website=BostonGlobe.com|date=June 26, 2018}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez graduated ''[[cum laude]]''<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 22, 2011|title=Boston University Commencement 2011|url=https://www.bu.edu/commencement/files/2012/12/2011Redbook.pdf|page=21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123135730/https://www.bu.edu/commencement/files/2012/12/2011Redbook.pdf|archive-date=November 23, 2015}}</ref> from Boston University in 2011 with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in both [[international relations]] and [[economics]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019|title=Distinguished Alumni Award|url=http://www.bu.edu/econ/alumni/distinguished-alumni-award/2019-awards/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111022831/http://www.bu.edu/econ/alumni/distinguished-alumni-award/2019-awards/|archive-date=November 11, 2020|access-date=November 11, 2020|website=Boston University Arts & Sciences: Economics}}</ref><ref name="snopes cum laude">{{cite web |title=Did U.S. Rep. Ocasio-Cortez Graduate Cum Laude from Boston University? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/ocasio-cortez-resume/ |first=Dan |last=Evon |date=April 3, 2019 |website=[[Snopes]]|access-date=August 10, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Cepeda |first1=Esther J. |title=Despite Her Haters, Youth Is Not Wasted on Ocasio-Cortez |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/post-tribune/opinion/ct-ptb-cepeda-column-st-0110-story.html |website=Chicago Tribune |access-date=July 20, 2020 |date=January 9, 2019 |quote=There will always be people claiming she's 'unqualified', even though Ocasio-Cortez has an undergraduate degree in international relations with a minor in economics and has worked as an educator, a publisher and a community organizer. |archive-date=July 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721002201/https://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/post-tribune/opinion/ct-ptb-cepeda-column-st-0110-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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== Early career == |
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==Early career== |
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After college, Ocasio-Cortez moved back to the Bronx, while she worked as a [[bartender]] in [[Manhattan]] and as a waitress in a [[taqueria]]. Her mother, meanwhile, cleaned houses and drove school buses. After her father's death, Ocasio-Cortez and her mother struggled to fight [[foreclosure]] of their home.<ref name="Huffpo - 5 reasons">{{Cite news|first=Willa|last=Frej|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-things-to-know_us_5b334b41e4b0cb56051d6081|title=5 Reasons Why Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Stands Out|website=[[HuffPost]]|publisher=[[Huffington Post Media Group]]|location=New York City|date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=July 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717195620/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-things-to-know_us_5b334b41e4b0cb56051d6081 |archive-date=July 17, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Lauren|last=Gambino|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-who-is-she-democrats-new-york-life-career-policies|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: who is the new progressive star of the Democrats?|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|location=London, England|date=June 27, 2018|accessdate=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702140705/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-who-is-she-democrats-new-york-life-career-policies |archive-date=July 2, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> She launched Brook Avenue Press, a publishing firm for books that portray the Bronx in a positive light.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx/diverse-group-startups-thriving-city-sponsored-sunshine-bronx-business-incubator-hunts-point-article-1.1115489|title=Diverse group of startups thriving at city-sponsored Sunshine Bronx Business Incubator in Hunts Point – NY Daily News|last=Beekman|first=Daniel|work=Daily News|location=New York |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629022152/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx/diverse-group-startups-thriving-city-sponsored-sunshine-bronx-business-incubator-hunts-point-article-1.1115489 |archive-date=June 29, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> She worked as lead educational strategist at GAGEis, Inc.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bu.edu/studentactivities/buleads/speakers-2/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez " Student Activities Office {{!}} Boston University|website=www.bu.edu|access-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161932/https://www.bu.edu/studentactivities/buleads/speakers-2/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/|archive-date=July 6, 2018|dead-url=no}}{{Primary source inline|date=July 2018}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez also worked for the nonprofit National Hispanic Institute (NHI).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-28-takes-out-10-term-congressman-in-new-yorks-democratic-primary|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, 28, takes out 10-term congressman in New York's Democratic primary|date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> She served as NHI's Educational Director of the 2017 Northeast Collegiate World Series, a five-day long program targeted at college-bound high school students from across the United States and other countries, where she participated in a panel on Latino leadership.<ref name="NHI Person of the Year" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalhispanicinstitute.org/cws/|title=Collegiate World Series – The National Hispanic Institute|publisher=|access-date=January 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108045848/https://www.nationalhispanicinstitute.org/cws/|archive-date=January 8, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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After college, Ocasio-Cortez moved back to the Bronx and took a job as a bartender and waitress to help her mother—a house cleaner and school bus driver—fight [[foreclosure]] of their home.<ref name="Huffpo - 5 reasons">{{Cite news |first=Willa |last=Frej |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-things-to-know_n_5b334b41e4b0cb56051d6081 |title=5 Reasons Why Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Stands Out |website=[[HuffPost]] |publisher=[[Huffington Post Media Group]] |location=New York City |date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=July 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717195620/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-things-to-know_us_5b334b41e4b0cb56051d6081 |archive-date=July 17, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=GuardianWaitress>{{cite news |first=Lauren |last=Gambino |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-who-is-she-democrats-new-york-life-career-policies |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: who is the new progressive star of the Democrats? |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, England |date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702140705/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-who-is-she-democrats-new-york-life-career-policies |archive-date=July 2, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> She later launched Brook Avenue Press, a now-defunct publishing firm for books that portrayed the Bronx in a positive light.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx/diverse-group-startups-thriving-city-sponsored-sunshine-bronx-business-incubator-hunts-point-article-1.1115489 |title=Diverse group of start-ups thriving at city-sponsored Sunshine Bronx Business Incubator in Hunts Point |last=Beekman |first=Daniel |work=[[New York Daily News]] |date=July 17, 2012|access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629022152/http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/bronx/diverse-group-startups-thriving-city-sponsored-sunshine-bronx-business-incubator-hunts-point-article-1.1115489 |archive-date=June 29, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Vincent|first1=Isabel|last2=Klein|first2=Melissa|date=March 10, 2019|title=Company founded by Ocasio-Cortez in 2012 still owes $1,870 in taxes|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/company-founded-by-ocasio-cortez-in-2012-still-owes-1870-in-taxes|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925164417/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/company-founded-by-ocasio-cortez-in-2012-still-owes-1870-in-taxes|archive-date=September 25, 2019|access-date=September 25, 2019|website=[[Fox News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez also worked for the nonprofit [[National Hispanic Institute]].<ref name="NHI Person of the Year" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalhispanicinstitute.org/cws/ |title=Collegiate World Series – The National Hispanic Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108045848/https://www.nationalhispanicinstitute.org/cws/|archive-date=January 8, 2019|url-status=dead|access-date=January 7, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=[[National Post]] |first=David |last=Weigel |author-link=David Weigel |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/world/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-28-takes-out-10-term-congressman-in-new-yorks-democratic-primary |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, 28, takes out 10-term congressman in New York's Democratic primary |date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=December 13, 2019}}</ref> |
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During the 2016 [[Primary election|primary]], Ocasio-Cortez worked as an organizer for [[Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign|Bernie Sanders's presidential campaign]].<ref name="NYT" /> After the general election, she traveled across America by car, visiting places such as [[Flint, Michigan|Flint]], [[Michigan]], and [[Standing Rock Indian Reservation]] in North Dakota, and speaking to people affected by the [[Flint water crisis]] and the [[Dakota Access Pipeline protests|Dakota Access Pipeline]].<ref>{{Cite news |first=Tim |last=Murphy |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-upset-joe-crowley-dsa-brand-new-congress-1/ |title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez pulled off the year's biggest political upset |work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629022429/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-upset-joe-crowley-dsa-brand-new-congress-1/ |archive-date=June 29, 2018 |url-status=live |date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> In an interview she recalled her December 2016 visit to Standing Rock as a tipping point, saying that before that, she had believed that the only way to run for office effectively was to have access to wealth, social influence, and power. But her visit to [[North Dakota]], where she saw others "putting their whole lives and everything that they had on the line for the protection of their community", inspired her to begin to work for her own community.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Piaella |first1=Gabriella |title=The 28-Year-Old at the Center of One of This Year's Most Exciting Primaries |date=June 25, 2018 |url=https://www.thecut.com/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview.html |website=[[The Cut (website)|The Cut]] |publisher=[[New York Media]] |location=New York City |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628013441/https://www.thecut.com/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> One day after she visited North Dakota, she got a phone call from [[Brand New Congress]], which was recruiting progressive candidates (her brother had nominated her soon after Election Day 2016).<ref name="Brother">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thisisinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-biography-2019-1 |title=The Truth about Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: The inside story of how, in just one year, Sandy the bartender became a lawmaker who triggers both parties |last=Relman |first=Eliza |work=The Insider |quote=Soon after Election Day in 2016, Ocasio-Cortez's younger brother, Gabriel, sent her name to Brand New Congress, a Bernie Sanders-inspired group recruiting candidates for the House and Senate. When she got home from her North Dakota trip, a leader of BNC called her out of the blue with an ask: Will you run for US Congress in New York's 14th district? |date=January 6, 2019 |access-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327091014/https://www.thisisinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-biography-2019-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> She has credited [[Jabari Brisport]]'s unsuccessful [[New York City Council|City Council]] campaign with restoring her belief in electoral politics, in running as a socialist candidate, and in [[Democratic Socialists of America]] as an organization.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://democraticleft.dsausa.org/issues/spring-2021/talking-socialism-catching-up-with-aoc/|title = TALKING SOCIALISM | Catching up with AOC}}</ref> |
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==U.S. House of Representatives== |
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== 2018 campaign == |
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===Elections=== |
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{{Main|2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14}} |
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====2018==== |
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[[File:Aoc-logo.png|thumb|200px|right|Ocasio-Cortez's congressional campaign logo was inspired by "revolutionary posters and visuals from the past."]] |
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{{Main|2018 New York's 14th congressional district election}} |
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Ocasio-Cortez began her congressional campaign while working a job waiting tables and tending bar at Flats Fix, a taqueria in New York City's [[Union Square, Manhattan|Union Square]].<ref name="Manriquez 2018">{{cite web | last=Manriquez | first=Pablo | last2=Manriquez | title=The Gospel of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | website=Roll Call | date=December 14, 2018 | url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/opinion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-change-congress | access-date=January 27, 2019}}</ref> "For 80 percent of this campaign, I operated out of a paper grocery bag hidden behind that bar," she told ''[[Bon Appétit]]''.<ref name="Cadigan">{{cite web | last=Cadigan | first=Hilary | title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Learned Her Most Important Lessons from Restaurants | website=Bon Appetit | url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lessons-from-restaurants | access-date=January 27, 2019}}</ref> Between shifts at the restaurant, Ocasio-Cortez retrieved her political literature and a change of clothes from the bag, then took off to canvass.<ref name="Cadigan"/> One of her bar patrons at the restaurant helped design her fliers and campaign materials.<ref name="Adweek – Breaking News in Advertising, Media and Technology 2018">{{cite web | title=This 24-Year-Old Was a Patron at Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s Bar. Now, She’s Her Campaign Designer – Adweek | website=Adweek – Breaking News in Advertising, Media and Technology | date=August 6, 2018 | url=https://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/a-24-year-old-is-the-woman-behind-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-campaign-design/ | access-date=January 27, 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:AOC for Congress 2018 logo.svg|thumb|upright|Ocasio-Cortez's congressional campaign logo was inspired by "revolutionary posters and visuals from the past".<ref name="Budds 2018" />|left]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez began her campaign in April 2017<ref name="GrigoryanSuetzl190"/> while waiting tables and tending bar at Flats Fix, a [[Taco stand|taqueria]] in New York City's [[Union Square, Manhattan|Union Square]].<ref name="Manriquez 2018">{{cite news |last=Manriquez |first=Pablo |title=The Gospel of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |newspaper=Roll Call |date=December 14, 2018 |url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/opinion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-change-congress | access-date=January 27, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127152848/https://www.rollcall.com/news/opinion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-change-congress | archive-date=January 27, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> "For 80 percent of this campaign, I operated out of a paper grocery bag hidden behind that bar", she told ''[[Bon Appétit]]''.<ref name="Cadigan">{{cite web |last=Cadigan |first=Hilary |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Learned Her Most Important Lessons from Restaurants |website=Bon Appetit |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lessons-from-restaurants |date=November 7, 2018 |access-date=January 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127152946/https://www.bonappetit.com/story/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lessons-from-restaurants |archive-date=January 27, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> She was the first person since 2004 to challenge [[Joe Crowley]], the [[Democratic Caucus Chairman of the United States House of Representatives|Democratic Caucus Chair]], in the primary. She faced a financial disadvantage, saying, "You can't really beat big money with more money. You have to beat them with a totally different game."<ref>{{cite web |first1=John |last1=Ferguson |access-date=November 25, 2019 |title=Talented US Democrat Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez tipped to light up White House |url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/politics/talented-democrat-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-14080017 |date=March 3, 2019 |website=dailyrecord |archive-date=March 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303080514/https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/politics/talented-democrat-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-14080017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Anna |last1=Leigh |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Political Headliner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N7mzDwAAQBAJ |publisher=Lerner Publishing Group |date=2020 |isbn=978-1-5415-7747-3 |via=Google Books |access-date=November 25, 2019 |archive-date=February 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218100226/https://books.google.com/books?id=N7mzDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Looks to dethrone"/> Ocasio-Cortez's campaign undertook [[grassroots]] mobilization and did not take donations from corporations.<ref name="GrigoryanSuetzl190"/> Her campaign posters' designs were said to have taken inspiration from "revolutionary posters and visuals from the past".<ref name="Budds 2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/7/2/17519414/ocasio-cortez-campaign-design-campaign-posters-tandem-branding |title=The brilliance of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's bold campaign design |last=Budds |first=Diana |date=July 2, 2018 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=January 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127152854/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/7/2/17519414/ocasio-cortez-campaign-design-campaign-posters-tandem-branding|archive-date=January 27, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The candidates' only face-to-face encounter during the campaign occurred on a local political talk show, ''[[Inside City Hall]]'', on June 15. The format was a joint interview conducted by [[Errol Louis]], which [[NY1]] characterized as a debate.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/inside-city-hall/2018/06/16/democratic-primary-debate--crowley-vs--ocasio-cortez--part-1 |title=Democratic Primary Debate: Crowley vs. Ocasio-Cortez |first=Errol |last=Lewis |date=June 16, 2018|access-date=August 20, 2018 |publisher=NY 1 Inside City Hall|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820234918/http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/inside-city-hall/2018/06/16/democratic-primary-debate--crowley-vs--ocasio-cortez--part-1|archive-date=August 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> A debate in the Bronx was scheduled for June 18, but Crowley did not participate. He sent former [[New York City Council]] member [[Annabel Palma]] in his place.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/news-politics/joe-crowley-sends-annabel-palma-to-debate-in-his-place |title=Crowley sends 'worst NYC lawmaker' to debate in his place |first=Rebecca |last=Lewis |date=June 19, 2018 |access-date=August 20, 2018 |publisher=City and State NY |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820204944/https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/news-politics/joe-crowley-sends-annabel-palma-to-debate-in-his-place |archive-date=August 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=The New York Times Editorial Board |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/19/opinion/joseph-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html |title=If You Want to Be Speaker, Mr. Crowley, Don't Take Voters for Granted |date=June 19, 2018|access-date=August 20, 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816042809/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/19/opinion/joseph-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html|archive-date=August 16, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/06/ocasio-cortez-beat-crowley-and-old-school-nyc-politics.html |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Ocasio-Cortez Not Only Beat Crowley – She Beat Old-School New York Politics |last=Freedlander |first=David |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York Intelligencer]] |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628011232/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/ocasio-cortez-beat-crowley-and-old-school-nyc-politics.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez was among a slate of nationwide [[Justice Democrats]]/[[Brand New Congress]] candidacy announcements that were livestreamed on May 16, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Justice Democrats Livestream|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwIL1DfNJFU&t=1369s|via=YouTube|accessdate=July 3, 2018|date=May 16, 2017}}</ref> In August 2017, she attended the [[Netroots Nation]] conference in Atlanta, appearing on a panel with fellow candidates on "how to run a grassroots campaign that puts people above party".<ref>{{cite web|title=Brand New Congress Candidates Head to Atlanta for Netroots Nation Conference – Brand New Congress|url=https://brandnewcongress.org/brand-new-congress-candidates-head-to-atlanta-for-netroots-nation-conference/|website=''brandnewcongress.org''|accessdate=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703075443/https://brandnewcongress.org/brand-new-congress-candidates-head-to-atlanta-for-netroots-nation-conference/ |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Netroots Nation Aug. 2017/C-SPAN">{{cite web|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez – C-SPAN.org|url=https://www.c-span.org/person/?109304|website=c-span.org|accessdate=July 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703133239/https://www.c-span.org/person/?109304 |archive-date=July 3, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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=====Endorsements===== |
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Ocasio-Cortez was the first person since 2004 to challenge [[Joe Crowley]], the [[Democratic Caucus Chairman of the United States House of Representatives|Democratic Caucus Chair]], in the Democratic primary. She faced a significant financial disadvantage, but said, "You can't really beat big money with more money. You have to beat them with a totally different game." Nearly 75% of her donations were small individual contributions, while less than one percent of Crowley's contributions were.<ref name="Looks to dethrone" /> The Ocasio-Cortez campaign spent {{Usd|194,000|long=no}} to the Crowley campaign's {{Usd|3.4 million|long=no}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=New York District 14 2018 Race|url=https://www.opensecrets.org/races/summary?cycle=2018&id=NY14|website=Open Secrets|accessdate=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627115725/https://www.opensecrets.org/races/summary?cycle=2018&id=NY14 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by progressive and civil rights organizations such as [[MoveOn]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/rep-joe-crowley-defeated-in-democratic-primary-upset-by-newcomer-alexandria-ocasio-cortez |title=Rep. Joe Crowley defeated in Democratic primary upset by newcomer Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |last=Chamberlain |first=Samuel |date=June 26, 2018 |publisher=[[Fox News Channel]] | access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627052138/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/06/26/rep-joe-crowley-defeated-in-democratic-primary-upset.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Democracy for America]].<ref name="NYT" /> Then-Governor Cuomo endorsed Crowley,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/new-york-state/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez's victory is already reshaping New York politics|date=June 28, 2018|author=Grace Segers|website=City & States|access-date=December 30, 2020|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230202301/https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/new-york-state/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect.html|url-status=live}}</ref> as did both of New York's U.S. senators, [[Chuck Schumer]] and [[Kirsten Gillibrand]],<ref name="UnderPressure"/> multiple U.S. representatives, various local elected officials and trade unions, and groups such as the [[Sierra Club]],<ref name="Planned"/> [[Planned Parenthood]],<ref name="Planned">{{cite web|url=https://jacksonheightspost.com/crowley-ocasio-cortez-face-off-in-new-york-congressional-primary-tomorrow|title=Crowley, Ocasio-Cortez, Face Off in New York Congressional Primary Tomorrow|date=June 25, 2018|first=Nathaly|last=Pesantez|website=Jackson Heights Post|access-date=December 30, 2020|archive-date=December 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230202229/https://jacksonheightspost.com/crowley-ocasio-cortez-face-off-in-new-york-congressional-primary-tomorrow|url-status=live}}</ref> the [[Working Families Party]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/25/politics/joe-crowley-working-families-party-democratic-house-caucus-race/index.html|title=Crowley plans to stay on third party line in November, won't endorse a Democratic leadership replacement|date=July 25, 2018|first1=Sunlen|last1=Serfaty|first2=Gregory|last2=Krieg|first3=Ashley|last3=Killough|website=[[CNN]]|access-date=December 30, 2020|archive-date=December 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215084624/https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/25/politics/joe-crowley-working-families-party-democratic-house-caucus-race/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[NARAL Pro-Choice America]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://qns.com/2018/05/more-than-a-dozen-queens-elected-officials-endorse-crowley-in-primary-challenge/ |first=Bill |last=Parry |title=More than a dozen Queens elected officials endorse Crowley in primary challenge|date=May 25, 2018|website=[[TimesLedger Newspapers|QNS]]|access-date=December 30, 2020}}</ref> and [[Everytown for Gun Safety|Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America]], among others.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/people-versus-money-socialist-beats-wall-street-dem-in-new-york/|title=People vs. Money: Socialist beats Wall Street Dem in New York|date=June 29, 2018|first=Michael|last=Arney|website=People's World|access-date=December 30, 2020|archive-date=December 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217132938/https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/people-versus-money-socialist-beats-wall-street-dem-in-new-york/|url-status=live}}</ref> California representative [[Ro Khanna]], a [[Justice Democrat]] like Ocasio-Cortez,<ref name="UnderPressure">{{cite web |last1=Gray |first1=Briahna |last2=Grim |first2=Ryan |title=Under Pressure From Progressives, Rep. Ro Khanna Endorses Both Democrats in Contentious New York Primary |url=https://theintercept.com/2018/06/13/ro-khanna-joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |website=The Intercept |access-date=July 1, 2018 |date=June 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616192835/https://theintercept.com/2018/06/13/ro-khanna-joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |archive-date=June 16, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GrigoryanSuetzl190"/> initially endorsed Crowley but later endorsed Ocasio-Cortez in an unusual dual endorsement.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hagen |first=Lisa |date=June 26, 2018 |title=Political stunner! Crowley knocked off by millennial challenger |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/394318-crowley-loses-in-new-york-dem-primary/ |url-status=live |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629050054/http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/394318-crowley-loses-in-new-york-dem-primary |archive-date=June 29, 2018}}</ref> |
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=====Primary election===== |
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Ocasio-Cortez's campaign video began with her saying, "Women like me aren't supposed to run for office";<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-democrat-who-challenged-her-partys-establishment-and-won/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: The Democrat who challenged her party's establishment — and won|last=Weigel|first=David|date=June 27, 2018|work=The Washington Post |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627144346/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-democrat-who-challenged-her-partys-establishment-and-won/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> she had not previously held elected office.<ref name="Vivian Wang Giant Slayer">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html|title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez? A Democratic Giant Slayer|last=Wang|first=Vivian|date=June 27, 2018|website=The New York Times |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627090426/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> Her campaign posters' design took inspiration from "revolutionary posters and visuals from the past...particularly those of [[Cesar Chavez]] and [[Dolores Huerta]], Latino labor activists and co-founders of the [[United Farm Workers]] in the 1960s—and union badges."<ref name="Budds 2018"/> "That was the closest representation to a populist, social-minded, justice-inclined, inspirational campaign that was about positivity and taking back the power," lead designer Maria Arenas said.<ref name="Budds 2018">{{cite web | last=Budds | first=Diana | title=The brilliance of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s bold campaign design | website=Vox | date=July 2, 2018 | url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/7/2/17519414/ocasio-cortez-campaign-design-campaign-posters-tandem-branding | access-date=January 27, 2019}}</ref> The posters were distributed in the Bronx, and people posted them in bodegas and draped them on the hoods of cars. Posters were often taken down and hung up in supporters' homes. "They were begging people not to take their materials, saying: 'We'll try to get you one after the campaign,'" one of the designers said.<ref name="OHara 2018">{{cite web | last=O'Hara | first=Andres | title=The Story Behind Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's WPA-Inspired Campaign Posters | website=Gothamist | date=June 29, 2018 | url=http://gothamist.com/2018/06/29/alexandria_ocasio-cortez_poster.php | access-date=January 27, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702153416/http://gothamist.com/2018/06/29/alexandria_ocasio-cortez_poster.php | archive-date=July 2, 2018 | dead-url=yes | df=mdy-all }}</ref> |
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[[File:Kerri Evelyn Harris and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez 1 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez with [[Kerri Evelyn Harris]]]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez received 57.13% of the vote (15,897) to Crowley's 42.5% (11,761), defeating the 10-term incumbent by almost 15 percentage points on June 26, 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/us/elections/results-new-york-primary-elections.html |title=New York State Primary Election Results |date=June 28, 2017 |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=July 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722075921/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/us/elections/results-new-york-primary-elections.html |archive-date=July 22, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> The result shocked many political commentators and analysts and immediately garnered nationwide attention. Many news sources, including ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', [[CNN]], ''[[The New York Times]]'', and ''[[The Guardian]]'' mentioned how the win completely defied their predictions and expectations.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |last1=Goldmacher |first1=Shane |last2=Martin |first2=Jonathan |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Defeats Joseph Crowley in Major Democratic House Upset |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 26, 2018 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/26/nyregion/joseph-crowley-ocasio-cortez-democratic-primary.html |access-date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627022115/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/26/nyregion/joseph-crowley-ocasio-cortez-democratic-primary.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jacobs |first=Ben |title=Democrats see major upset as socialist beats top-ranking US congressman |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=June 26, 2018 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/26/democrats-primaries-upset-joe-crowley-alexandria-osacio-cortez |access-date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627043320/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/26/democrats-primaries-upset-joe-crowley-alexandria-osacio-cortez |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://time.com/5322905/joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Pulled Off the Biggest Upset of 2018 |last=Elliott |first=Philip |date=June 26, 2018 |newspaper=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627201954/http://time.com/5322905/joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gregory Krieg CNN" /> She was outspent by a margin of 18 to{{spaces}}1 ($1.5{{spaces}}million to $83,000) but won the endorsement of some influential groups on the party's left.<ref>{{cite news |first=Deepti |last=Hajela |title=Political novice Ocasio-Cortez scores for progressives in NY |url=https://apnews.com/45eb9af59317402699b23c4826a8192c |work=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627045914/https://apnews.com/45eb9af59317402699b23c4826a8192c |date=June 27, 2018 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Crowley conceded defeat on election night,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-44625617 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Millennial beats veteran Democrat |date=June 26, 2018 |publisher=[[BBC News]]| access-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701062032/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-44625617 |archive-date=July 1, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> but did not telephone Ocasio-Cortez that night to congratulate her, fueling short-lived speculation that he intended to run against her in the general election.<ref name="hill-third-party">{{cite news |title=Ocasio-Cortez accuses defeated Dem of mounting third-party challenge |first=Morgan |last=Gstalter |date=July 12, 2018 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/396667-ocasio-cortez-accuses-defeated-dem-of-mounting-third-party-challenge/ |quote=Crowley stated on live TV that he would absolutely support my candidacy, Ocasio-Cortez tweeted on Thursday. Instead, he's stood me up for all three scheduled concession calls{{spaces}}... Numerous phone calls have been set up but Ocasio-Cortez's aides have failed to follow through with providing a phone number, the aide [to Crowley] said. |access-date=March 11, 2019 |archive-date=April 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405164930/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/396667-ocasio-cortez-accuses-defeated-dem-of-mounting-third-party-challenge |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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On June 15, the candidates' only face-to-face encounter during the campaign occurred on a local political talk show, ''[[Inside City Hall]]''. The format was a joint interview conducted by [[Errol Louis]], which [[NY1]] characterized as a debate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/inside-city-hall/2018/06/16/democratic-primary-debate--crowley-vs--ocasio-cortez--part-1|title=Democratic Primary Debate: Crowley vs. Ocasio-Cortez|first=Errol|last=Lewis|date=June 16, 2018|access-date=August 20, 2018|work=NY 1 Inside City Hall|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820234918/http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/inside-city-hall/2018/06/16/democratic-primary-debate--crowley-vs--ocasio-cortez--part-1|archive-date=August 20, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> On June 18, a debate in the Bronx was scheduled, but Crowley did not participate. He sent former [[New York City Council]] member [[Annabel Palma]] in his place.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/news-politics/joe-crowley-sends-annabel-palma-to-debate-in-his-place|title=Crowley sends "worst NYC lawmaker" to debate in his place|first=Rebecca|last=Lewis|date=June 19, 2018|access-date=August 20, 2018|work=City and State|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820204944/https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/news-politics/joe-crowley-sends-annabel-palma-to-debate-in-his-place|archive-date=August 20, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/19/opinion/joseph-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html|title=If You Want to Be Speaker, Mr. Crowley, Don't Take Voters for Granted|date=June 19, 2018|access-date=August 20, 2018|work=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816042809/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/19/opinion/joseph-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez.html|archive-date=August 16, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/ocasio-cortez-beat-crowley-and-old-school-nyc-politics.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez Not Only Beat Crowley — She Beat Old-School New York Politics|last=Freedlander|first=David|work=Daily Intelligencer |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628011232/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/ocasio-cortez-beat-crowley-and-old-school-nyc-politics.html |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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[[Bernie Sanders]] and [[Noam Chomsky]] congratulated her.<ref name="Seitz">{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Seitz-Wald |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-crowley-loses-28-year-old-newcomer-alexandria-ocasio-n886851 |title=High-ranking Democrat ousted in stunning primary loss to newcomer Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |work=[[NBC News]] |date=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627143539/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/rep-joe-crowley-loses-28-year-old-newcomer-alexandria-ocasio-n886851 |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite interview |last=Chomsky|first=Noam|interviewer=Amy Goodman|title=Noam Chomsky on Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's "Spectacular" Victory & Growing Split in Democratic Party |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2018/7/27/noam_chomsky_on_alexandria_ocasio_cortezs |website=Democracy Now |access-date=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730205030/https://www.democracynow.org/2018/7/27/noam_chomsky_on_alexandria_ocasio_cortezs |date=July 27, 2018 |archive-date=July 30, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Several commentators noted the similarities between Ocasio-Cortez's victory over Crowley and [[Dave Brat]]'s [[Tea Party movement]]-supported 2014 victory over House Majority Leader [[Eric Cantor]] in the Republican primary for [[Virginia's 7th congressional district]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beats-joe-crowley-in-stunning-upset.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Ousts Joe Crowley, a Top House Democrat, in Stunning Upset |last=Kilgore |first=Ed |date=June 26, 2018 |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |access-date=June 27, 2018 |quote=In a shocker that is already being compared to the 2014 primary loss by then–House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, the chairman of the House Democratic Caucus (the fourth-ranking leadership position among House Democrats), ten-term veteran Joe Crowley has been upset by 28-year-old first-time candidate Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in the Bronx-Queens 14th congressional district. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627085949/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beats-joe-crowley-in-stunning-upset.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Brian Stelter saw upset">{{Cite news |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Progressive media saw the Ocasio-Cortez upset coming |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/27/media/ocasio-intercept-primary/index.html |publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627202407/https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/27/media/ocasio-intercept-primary/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Like Crowley, Cantor was a high-ranking member in his party's caucus.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/eric-cantor-republicans-religion_n_5482432 |title=With Eric Cantor Defeat, Congressional Republicans Lose Only Non-Christian |last=Lachman |first=Samantha |date=June 11, 2014 |publisher=[[HuffPost]]|access-date=June 28, 2018 |quote=Cantor [was] the second-ranking House Republican and highest-ranking Jewish member. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306092800/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/10/eric-cantor-republicans-religion_n_5482432.html |archive-date=March 6, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> After her primary win, Ocasio-Cortez endorsed several progressive primary challengers{{Tone inline|date=February 2024}} to Democratic incumbents nationwide,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect/ |title=The Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Effect The Democratic party's new rock star is storming the country on behalf of insurgent populists |last=Nichols |first=John |date=August 15, 2018 |website=The Nation|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823074146/https://www.thenation.com/article/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect/|archive-date=August 23, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> capitalizing on her fame and spending her political capital in a manner unusual even{{Tone inline|date=February 2024}} for unexpected primary winners.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/05/ocasio-cortez-democratic-primaries-establishment-2018-694789 |title='You can beat the establishment': Ocasio-Cortez crashes Democratic primaries The New York insurgent is stepping on toes as she rallies progressive candidates across the country |last=Nahmias |first=Laura |date=July 5, 2018 |newspaper=[[Politico]]|access-date=July 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707155215/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/05/ocasio-cortez-democratic-primaries-establishment-2018-694789 |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by progressive and civil rights organizations such as [[MoveOn]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/06/26/rep-joe-crowley-defeated-in-democratic-primary-upset.html|title=Rep. Joe Crowley defeated in Democratic primary upset by newcomer Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|last=Chamberlain|first=Samuel|date=June 26, 2018|publisher=[[Fox News Channel]] | access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627052138/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/06/26/rep-joe-crowley-defeated-in-democratic-primary-upset.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Justice Democrats]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://now.justicedemocrats.com/candidates |title=Justice Democrats: Candidates |website=''JusticeDemocrats.com'' |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627164613/https://now.justicedemocrats.com/candidates |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Brand New Congress]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://brandnewcongress.org/Candidates|title=Brand New Congress Official Candidates|website=''BrandNewCongress.org'' |access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628124739/http://brandnewcongress.org/Candidates/ |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Black Lives Matter]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fights-power/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Fights the Power|last=Raina|first=Lipsitz|date=June 22, 2018|work=[[The Nation]] | access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627050241/https://www.thenation.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fights-power/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> and [[Democracy for America]],<ref name="NYT" /> and by gubernatorial candidate [[Cynthia Nixon]], who, like Ocasio-Cortez, also challenged a longtime incumbent. Nixon challenged incumbent [[Andrew Cuomo]] in the [[New York gubernatorial election, 2018|2018 New York gubernatorial election]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mic.com/articles/189991/insurgent-progressive-candidates-cynthia-nixon-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-rally-together|title=Insurgent progressive candidates Cynthia Nixon and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez rally togehter|last=Joyce|first=A.P.|date=June 26, 2018|work=Mic |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> but lost. |
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Without campaigning for it, Ocasio-Cortez won the [[Reform Party of New York State|Reform Party]] primary as a [[write-in candidate]] in a neighboring congressional district, [[New York's 15th congressional district|New York's 15th]], with a total vote count of nine, highest among all 22 write-in candidates. She declined the nomination.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-primary-district-running/story?id=56499055 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Wins Primary in District She Was not Running In |last=Verhovek |first=John |date=July 11, 2018 |work=[[ABC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711054004/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-primary-district-running/story?id=56499055 |archive-date=July 11, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=July 12, 2018}}</ref><ref name="NB3ct">{{Cite news |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/7/11/17560252/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-house-primary-new-york-15th-congressional-district-reform-party |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez just won a House primary as a write-in – for a district she wasn't intending to run in |last=Nilsen |first=Ella |date=July 11, 2018 |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |access-date=July 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711180222/https://www.vox.com/2018/7/11/17560252/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-house-primary-new-york-15th-congressional-district-reform-party |archive-date=July 11, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Governor Cuomo endorsed Crowley, as did both of New York's U.S. Senators, [[Chuck Schumer]] and [[Kirsten Gillibrand]], as well as [[Mayor of New York City|New York City Mayor]] [[Bill de Blasio]], 11 U.S. Representatives, 31 local elected officials, 31 trade unions, and progressive groups such as the [[Sierra Club]], [[Planned Parenthood]], the [[Working Families Party]], [[NARAL Pro-Choice America]] and [[Everytown for Gun Safety|Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America]], among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://crowleyforcongress.com/?page_id=467|title=Endorsements: Joe Crowley for Congress|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614071656/http://crowleyforcongress.com/?page_id=467 |archive-date=June 14, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> California representative [[Ro Khanna]], a Justice Democrat like Ocasio-Cortez,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gray|first1=Briahna|last2=Grim|first2=Ryan|title=Under Pressure From Progressives, Rep. Ro Khanna Endorses Both Democrats in Contentious New York Primary|url=https://theintercept.com/2018/06/13/ro-khanna-joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/|website=The Intercept|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=June 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616192835/https://theintercept.com/2018/06/13/ro-khanna-joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |archive-date=June 16, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> initially endorsed Crowley, but later endorsed Ocasio-Cortez in an unusual dual endorsement.<ref>{{cite|url=http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/394318-crowley-loses-in-new-york-dem-primary|author=Lisa Hagen|publisher=The Hill|title=Political stunner! Crowley knocked off by millennial challenger|date=June 26, 2018|access-date=June 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629050054/http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/394318-crowley-loses-in-new-york-dem-primary|archive-date=June 29, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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=====General election===== |
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Following her win, Ocasio-Cortez explained her campaign strategy: |
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Ocasio-Cortez faced Republican nominee Anthony Pappas in the November 6 general election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/204443/prof-anthony-pappas-running-for-congress/ |title=Prof. Anthony Pappas Running for Congress |last=Sakellis |first=Eleni |date=June 17, 2018 |newspaper=The National Herald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628233512/https://www.thenationalherald.com/204443/prof-anthony-pappas-running-for-congress/ |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=June 28, 2018}}</ref> Pappas, an economics professor, did not actively campaign. The 14th district has a [[Cook Partisan Voting Index]] of D+29, making it New York City's sixth-most Democratic district, with registered Democrats outnumbering Republicans almost six to one.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stjohns.edu/academics/bio/anthony-pappas-phd |title=Anthony Pappas, PhD |publisher=St. John's University |access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628205011/https://www.stjohns.edu/academics/bio/anthony-pappas-phd|archive-date=June 28, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Karen |last1=Matthews |first2=Deepti |last2=Hajela |date=June 28, 2018 |url=https://apnews.com/b4ff8a4a6d314955a41dbf0334518d62/Shock,-then-ambition:-Ocasio-Cortez-hopes-to-shake-up-House |title=Shock, then ambition: Ocasio-Cortez hopes to shake up House |work=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628205019/https://www.apnews.com/b4ff8a4a6d314955a41dbf0334518d62/Shock,-then-ambition:-Ocasio-Cortez-hopes-to-shake-up-House |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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{{quote|I knew that if we were going to win, the way that progressives win on an unapologetic message is by expanding the electorate. That's the only way that we can win strategically. It's not by rushing to the center. It's not by trying to win spending all of our energy winning over those who have other opinions. It's by expanding the electorate, speaking to those that feel disenchanted, dejected, cynical about our politics, and letting them know that we're fighting for them.<ref>{{cite web|last1=transcript|title=WATCH: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez & Ada Colau Interviewed by Amy Goodman|url=https://www.democracynow.org/live/watch_alexandria_ocasio_cortez_ada_colau|website=Democracy Now|accessdate=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724095622/https://www.democracynow.org/live/watch_alexandria_ocasio_cortez_ada_colau |archive-date=July 24, 2018 |dead-url=no|df=mdy-all}}</ref>}} |
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Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by various politically [[Progressivism in the United States#Progressivism in the 21st century|progressive]] organizations and figures, including former president [[Barack Obama]] and U.S. senator [[Bernie Sanders]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.msnbc.com/andrea-mitchell-reports/watch/bernie-sanders-weighs-in-on-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-victory-1265337411768 |first=Andrea |last=Mitchell |author-link=Andrea Mitchell |title=Bernie Sanders weighs in on Ocasio-Cortez's victory |publisher=[[MSNBC]] |date=June 27, 2018 |access-date=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710113543/https://www.msnbc.com/andrea-mitchell-reports/watch/bernie-sanders-weighs-in-on-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-victory-1265337411768 |archive-date=July 10, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/409294-obama-announces-endorsement-for-ocasio-cortez/ |title=Obama announces endorsement for Ocasio-Cortez |last=Wise |first=Justin |date=October 1, 2018 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date=November 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107224857/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/409294-obama-announces-endorsement-for-ocasio-cortez|archive-date=November 7, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> She spoke at the [[Netroots Nation]] conference in August 2018, and was called "the undisputed star of the convention".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://time.com/5359100/democrats-netroots/ |title=The Democratic Split isn't Left vs. Center. It's Old vs. New |last=Alter |first=Charlotte |date=August 6, 2018 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807091224/http://time.com/5359100/democrats-netroots/|archive-date=August 7, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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=== Primary election === |
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[[File:Kerri Evelyn Harris and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez 1.jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez was recognized for running an effective [[grassroots]] campaign.]] |
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On June 26, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez received 57.13% of the vote (15,897) to Joe Crowley's 42.5% (11,761), defeating the 10-term incumbent by almost 15 percentage points.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/us/elections/results-new-york-primary-elections.html|title=New York State Primary Election Results|date=June 28, 2017|website=The New York Times|accessdate=July 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722075921/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/us/elections/results-new-york-primary-elections.html |archive-date=July 22, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' called her victory "the biggest [[Upset (competition)|upset]] of the 2018 elections so far";<ref>{{cite news|url=http://time.com/5322905/joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/|title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Pulled Off the Biggest Upset of 2018|last=Elliott|first=Philip|date=June 26, 2018|newspaper=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|accessdate=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627201954/http://time.com/5322905/joe-crowley-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> [[CNN]] made a similar statement.<ref name="Gregory Krieg CNN" /> ''[[The New York Times]]'' described Crowley's loss as "a shocking primary defeat on Tuesday, the most significant loss for a Democratic incumbent in more than a decade, and one that will reverberate across the party and the country".<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|last=Goldmacher|first=Shane|last2=Martin|first2=Jonathan|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Defeats Joseph Crowley in Major Democratic House Upset|work=The New York Times|date=June 26, 2018|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/26/nyregion/joseph-crowley-ocasio-cortez-democratic-primary.html|accessdate=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627022115/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/26/nyregion/joseph-crowley-ocasio-cortez-democratic-primary.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> ''[[The Guardian]]'' called it "one of the biggest upsets in recent American political history".<ref>{{cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Ben|title=Democrats see major upset as socialist beats top-ranking US congressman|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=June 26, 2018|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/26/democrats-primaries-upset-joe-crowley-alexandria-osacio-cortez|accessdate=June 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627043320/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jun/26/democrats-primaries-upset-joe-crowley-alexandria-osacio-cortez |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> Her victory was especially surprising as she was outspent by a margin of 18 to 1.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.apnews.com/45eb9af59317402699b23c4826a8192c|title=Political novice Ocasio-Cortez scores for progressives in NY|agency=Associated Press |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627045914/https://apnews.com/45eb9af59317402699b23c4826a8192c |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Merriam-Webster]] reported that searches for the word "socialism" spiked 1,500% after her victory.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/news-trend-watch/ocasio-cortez-sparks-socialism-lookups-20180627|title=Ocasio-Cortez Sparks 'Socialism' Lookups Searches jump over 1500% after victory|date=June 27, 2018|website=Merriam-Webster |access-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030500/https://www.merriam-webster.com/news-trend-watch/ocasio-cortez-sparks-socialism-lookups-20180627 |archive-date=July 1, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> In a sign of her outsider status, as of 11{{Nbsp}}p.m. on election day Crowley had not phoned Ocasio-Cortez; she believed he did not have her phone number and stated that she did not have his. Earlier in the evening, however, Crowley, an amateur guitarist, had played a cover of [[Bruce Springsteen]]'s "[[Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)|Born to Run]]" at his election night watch party by way of conceding defeat, having dedicated it to Ocasio-Cortez.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-44625617|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Millennial beats veteran Democrat|date=June 26, 2018|publisher=BBC |access-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701062032/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-44625617 |archive-date=July 1, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Crowley remained on the ballot as the nominee of the [[Working Families Party]] (WFP) and the [[Women's Equality Party (New York)|Women's Equality Party]] (WEP). Neither he nor the WFP party actively campaigned, both having endorsed Ocasio-Cortez after the Democratic primary.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-crowley-working-families-party-20180712-story.html |title=Ocasio-Cortez rips Crowley for not giving up Working Families Party line |last=Lovett |first=Kenneth |date=July 12, 2018 |newspaper=[[New York Daily News]] |location=New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720194943/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-crowley-working-families-party-20180712-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez called the WEP, which Governor Cuomo created ahead of the [[2014 New York gubernatorial election]], a cynical, centrist group that endorsed male incumbents over female challengers like her and [[2018 New York gubernatorial election|Cynthia Nixon]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/07/19/cynthia-nixon-and-ocasio-cortez-blast-cynical-cuomo-backed-womens-equality-party |title=Cynthia Nixon and Ocasio-Cortez Blast 'Cynical' Cuomo-Backed Women's Equality Party for Endorsing Male Centrists in New York |publisher=Common Dreams |author=Julia Conley |date=July 19, 2018 |access-date=August 11, 2019 |archive-date=August 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811221759/https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/07/19/cynthia-nixon-and-ocasio-cortez-blast-cynical-cuomo-backed-womens-equality-party |url-status=live }}</ref> Former Connecticut senator [[Joe Lieberman]], who won reelection in 2006 on a third-party line [[2006 United States Senate election in Connecticut|after losing the Democratic Primary in 2006]], penned a July 17 column in the ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]]'' expressing hope that Crowley would actively campaign on the WFP [[Ballot access|ballot line]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/vote-joe-crowley-for-working-families-1531868231 |title=Vote Joe Crowley, for Working Families |last=Lieberman |first=Joseph |date=July 17, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719203510/https://www.wsj.com/articles/vote-joe-crowley-for-working-families-1531868231 |archive-date=July 19, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> WFP Executive Director Dan Cantor wrote an endorsement of, and apology to, Ocasio-Cortez for the ''[[New York Daily News]]''; he asked voters not to vote for Crowley if his name remained on the general election ballot.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-vote-against-joe-crowley-in-november-20180724-story.html |title=Vote against Joe Crowley in November: The Working Families Party chair regrets not endorsing Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |first=Dan |last=Cantor |work=[[New York Daily News]] |date=July 25, 2018 |access-date=September 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726012404/http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-vote-against-joe-crowley-in-november-20180724-story.html|archive-date=July 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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[[Bernie Sanders]] congratulated her: "She took on the entire local Democratic establishment in her district and won a very strong victory. She demonstrated once again what progressive grassroots politics can do."<ref name="Seitz" /> [[Noam Chomsky]] saw her victory as "a quite spectacular and significant event". He believes her win shows a split in the Democratic Party and he thinks that "she was right in saying that the policies she's outlined should have broad appeal to a very large segment of the population."<ref>{{cite web|last1=interview transcript|title=Noam Chomsky on Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's "Spectacular" Victory & Growing Split in Democratic Party|url=https://www.democracynow.org/2018/7/27/noam_chomsky_on_alexandria_ocasio_cortezs|website=Democracy Now|accessdate=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730205030/https://www.democracynow.org/2018/7/27/noam_chomsky_on_alexandria_ocasio_cortezs |archive-date=July 30, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez won the election with 78% of the vote (110,318) to Pappas's 14% (17,762). Crowley, on the WFP and WEP lines, received 9,348 votes (6.6%). Her election was part of a broader Democratic victory in the 2018 midterm elections, as the party gained control of the House by picking up 41 seats.<ref>{{cite web |title=Certified Results from the November 6, 2018 General Election for U.S. Congress |url=https://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2018/general/2018Congress.pdf |publisher=New York Board of Elections |access-date=January 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104180018/https://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2018/general/2018Congress.pdf |page=6 |archive-date=January 4, 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Saikat Chakrabarti]], who had been her campaign co-chair, became [[chief of staff]] for her congressional office.<ref name="ChakrabartiWPost">{{Cite news |last=Montgotmery |first=David |date=July 10, 2019 |title=AOC's chief of staff isn't just running her office. He's guiding a movement. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/magazine/wp/2019/07/10/feature/how-saikat-chakrabarti-became-aocs-chief-of-change/ |access-date=2023-07-16 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |language=en}}</ref> His departure in 2019 drew considerable speculation as to whether Ocasio-Cortez was trying to implement a more moderate strategy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/18/us/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-washington.html|title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez learned to play by Washington's rules|first=Catie|last=Edmondson|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 18, 2019|access-date=April 12, 2020|archive-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418234813/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/18/us/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-washington.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Several commentators noted the similarities between Ocasio-Cortez's victory over Crowley and [[Dave Brat]]'s [[Tea Party movement]]-supported 2014 victory over [[Eric Cantor]] in the Republican primary for [[Virginia's 7th congressional district]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beats-joe-crowley-in-stunning-upset.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Ousts Joe Crowley, a Top House Democrat, in Stunning Upset|last=Kilgore|first=Ed|date=June 26, 2018|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] | access-date=June 27, 2018|quote=In a shocker that is already being compared to the 2014 primary loss by then–House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, the chairman of the House Democratic Caucus (the fourth-ranking leadership position among House Democrats), ten-term veteran Joe Crowley has been upset by 28-year-old first-time candidate Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in the Bronx-Queens 14th congressional district. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627085949/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beats-joe-crowley-in-stunning-upset.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Brian Stelter saw upset">{{Cite news|url=http://money.cnn.com/2018/06/27/media/ocasio-intercept-primary/index.html|title=Progressive media saw the Ocasio-Cortez upset coming|last=Stelter|first=Brian|date=June 27, 2018|publisher=CNN | access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627202407/http://money.cnn.com/2018/06/27/media/ocasio-intercept-primary/index.html |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> Like Crowley, Cantor was a high-ranking member in his party's caucus.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/10/eric-cantor-republicans-religion_n_5482432.html|title=With Eric Cantor Defeat, Congressional Republicans Lose Only Non-Christian|last=Lachman|first=Samantha|date=June 11, 2014|work=HuffPost |access-date=June 28, 2018|quote="Cantor [was] the second-ranking House Republican and highest-ranking Jewish member." |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306092800/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/10/eric-cantor-republicans-religion_n_5482432.html |archive-date=March 6, 2017 |dead-url=no}}</ref> After her primary win, Ocasio-Cortez endorsed several progressive primary challengers to Democratic incumbents nationwide,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect/|title=The Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Effect The Democratic party's new rock star is storming the country on behalf of insurgent populists|last=Nichols|first=John|date=August 15, 2018|website=The Nation|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823074146/https://www.thenation.com/article/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect/|archive-date=August 23, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> capitalizing on her fame and spending her political capital in a manner not usually seen even in unexpected primary winners.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/05/ocasio-cortez-democratic-primaries-establishment-2018-694789|title='You can beat the establishment': Ocasio-Cortez crashes Democratic primaries The New York insurgent is stepping on toes as she rallies progressive candidates across the country|last=Nahmias|first=Laura|date=July 5, 2018|website=Politico |access-date=July 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707155215/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/05/ocasio-cortez-democratic-primaries-establishment-2018-694789 |archive-date=July 7, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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=====Media coverage===== |
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Without campaigning for it, Ocasio-Cortez won the [[Reform Party of the United States of America|Reform Party]] primary as a [[write-in candidate]] in a neighboring congressional district, [[New York's 15th congressional district|New York's 15th]], with a total vote count of nine, highest among all 22 write-in candidates. She said she appreciated the show of support, but would decline the nomination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-primary-district-running/story?id=56499055|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wins primary in district she was not running in|last=Verhovek|first=John|date=July 11, 2018|publisher=ABC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711054004/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-primary-district-running/story?id=56499055 |archive-date=July 11, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=July 12, 2018}}</ref><ref name="NB3ct">{{Cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/2018/7/11/17560252/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-house-primary-new-york-15th-congressional-district-reform-party|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez just won a House primary as a write-in — for a district she wasn't intending to run in|last=Nilsen|first=Ella|date=July 11, 2018|work=Vox |access-date=July 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711180222/https://www.vox.com/2018/7/11/17560252/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-house-primary-new-york-15th-congressional-district-reform-party |archive-date=July 11, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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The first media network to give Ocasio-Cortez a platform and extensively cover her campaign and policies was ''[[The Young Turks]]'', a left-wing online news program.<ref name="GrigoryanSuetzl190"/> After her primary win, she quickly garnered nationwide media attention, including numerous articles and TV talk-show appearances.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} She also drew a great amount of media attention when she and Sanders campaigned for [[James Thompson (Kansas politician)|James Thompson]] in Kansas in July 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smarsh |first=Sarah |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/26/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bernie-sanders-kansas-james-thompson |title=They thought this was Trump country. Hell no |date=July 26, 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=April 3, 2020 |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=May 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523123220/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jul/26/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bernie-sanders-kansas-james-thompson |url-status=live }}</ref> A rally in [[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] had to be moved from a theater with a capacity of 1,500 when far more people said{{Tone inline|date=February 2024|reason=The word "said" is possibly too simplicistic here, but I could not come up with a more formal and sophisticated synonym.}} they would attend. The event drew 4,000 people, with some seated on the floor.<ref name=":3" /> In ''[[The New Yorker]]'', Benjamin Wallace-Wells wrote that while Sanders remained "the de-facto leader of an increasingly popular left, [he is unable to] do things that do not come naturally to him, like supply hope." Wallace-Wells suggested that Ocasio-Cortez had made Sanders's task easier, as he could point to her success to show that ideas "once considered to be radical are now part of the mainstream".<ref name=":3">{{cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/bernie-sanders-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-in-kansas |title=Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in Kansas |last1=Wallace-Wells |first1=Benjamin |magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726005141/https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/bernie-sanders-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-in-kansas|archive-date=July 26, 2018|url-status=live |access-date=July 30, 2018}}</ref> |
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Until she defeated incumbent [[Joe Crowley]] in the 2018 Democratic primary, Ocasio-Cortez received little coverage on most traditional news media outlets.<ref>{{cite news |last=Calderone |first=Michael |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Times takes heat for missing Crowley's defeat |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/new-york-times-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-679632 |work=[[Politico]]|access-date=July 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630080740/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/new-york-times-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-679632 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Margaret Sullivan keeps repeating">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-victory-points-to-a-media-failure-that-keeps-repeating/2018/06/28/68f05130-7aca-11e8-93cc-6d3beccdd7a3_story.html |title=Perspective: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's victory points to a media failure that keeps repeating |last=Sullivan |first=Margaret |date=June 28, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=June 30, 2018 |issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629211530/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-victory-points-to-a-media-failure-that-keeps-repeating/2018/06/28/68f05130-7aca-11e8-93cc-6d3beccdd7a3_story.html|archive-date=June 29, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Jimmy Dore]] interviewed her when she first announced her candidacy in June 2017.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bl5mpr7hUwc |title=Progressive Alexandria Ocasio Cortez Is Primarying Corporate Democrat in New York |via=YouTube |access-date=January 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101011529/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bl5mpr7hUwc |work=[[Jimmy Dore|The Jimmy Dore Show]] |archive-date=November 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> After her primary win, [[Brian Stelter]] wrote that progressive-media outlets, such as ''The Young Turks'' and ''[[The Intercept]]'', "saw the Ocasio-Cortez upset coming" in advance.<ref name="Brian Stelter saw upset" /> [[Margaret Sullivan (journalist)|Margaret Sullivan]] wrote in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' that traditional metrics of measuring a campaign's viability, like total fundraising, were contributing to a "media failure" and that "they need to get closer to what voters are thinking and feeling: their anger and resentment, their disenfranchisement from the centers of power, their pocketbook concerns."<ref name="Margaret Sullivan keeps repeating" /> |
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=== General election === |
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Ocasio-Cortez faced Republican nominee Anthony Pappas in the November 6 general election.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenationalherald.com/204443/prof-anthony-pappas-running-for-congress/|title=Prof. Anthony Pappas Running for Congress|last=Sakellis|first=Eleni|date=June 17, 2018|website=The National Herald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628233512/https://www.thenationalherald.com/204443/prof-anthony-pappas-running-for-congress/ |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=June 28, 2018}}</ref> Pappas, who lives in [[Astoria, Queens|Astoria]], is an economics professor at [[St. John's University (New York City)|St. John's University]]. According to the ''[[New York Post]]'', Pappas did not actively campaign. The ''Post'' wrote that "Pappas' bid was a long shot," since the 14th has a [[Cook Partisan Voting Index]] of D+29, making it the sixth most Democratic district in New York City. Registered Democrats outnumber Republicans by almost six to one.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-will-run-against-st-johns-professor/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez will run against St. John's professor|last=Hicks|first=Nolan|date=June 27, 2018|website=New York Post |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627212046/https://nypost.com/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-will-run-against-st-johns-professor/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=June 28, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stjohns.edu/academics/bio/anthony-pappas-phd|title=Anthony Pappas, Ph.D. {{!}} St. John's University|website=www.stjohns.edu|access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628205011/https://www.stjohns.edu/academics/bio/anthony-pappas-phd|archive-date=June 28, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.apnews.com/b4ff8a4a6d314955a41dbf0334518d62/Shock,-then-ambition:-Ocasio-Cortez-hopes-to-shake-up-House|title=Shock, then ambition: Ocasio-Cortez hopes to shake up House|agency=Associated Press |access-date=June 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628205019/https://www.apnews.com/b4ff8a4a6d314955a41dbf0334518d62/Shock,-then-ambition:-Ocasio-Cortez-hopes-to-shake-up-House |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by various politically [[Progressivism in the United States#Progressivism in the 21st century|progressive]] organizations and figures, including former President [[Barack Obama]] and U.S. Senator [[Bernie Sanders]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.msnbc.com/andrea-mitchell-reports/watch/bernie-sanders-weighs-in-on-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-victory-1265337411768|title=Bernie Sanders weighs in on Ocasio-Cortez's victory|publisher=[[MSNBC]]|date=June 27, 2018|accessdate=August 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710113543/https://www.msnbc.com/andrea-mitchell-reports/watch/bernie-sanders-weighs-in-on-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-victory-1265337411768 |archive-date=July 10, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/409294-obama-announces-endorsement-for-ocasio-cortez|title=Obama announces endorsement for Ocasio-Cortez|last=Wise|first=Justin|date=October 1, 2018|work=TheHill|access-date=November 7, 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107224857/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/409294-obama-announces-endorsement-for-ocasio-cortez|archive-date=November 7, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez's campaign was featured on the cover of the June 2018 edition of ''[[The Indypendent]]'',<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tarleton |first1=John |last2=McMullan-Laird |first2=Lydia |title=Beat The Machine |url=https://indypendent.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Indypendent-Issue-236-Opt.pdf |date=June 1, 2018 |website=The Indypendent |access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722122934/https://indypendent.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Indypendent-Issue-236-Opt.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://indypendent.org/2018/05/alexandria-vs-goliath/ |title=Alexandria vs. Goliath |first1=John |last1=Tarleton |first2=Lydia |last2=McMullen-Laird |date=May 31, 2018 |work=[[The Indypendent]] |access-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-date=April 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427013611/https://indypendent.org/2018/05/alexandria-vs-goliath/ |url-status=live }}</ref> a free New York City-based monthly newspaper. In a tweet she hailed the cover appearance on "NYC's classic monthly" as an important breakthrough for her campaign.<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=aoc |number=1002986431013376001 |title=Holy SMOKES! Our campaign is the FRONT PAGE STORY of NYC's classic monthly, @TheIndypendent! Look for it on a sidewalk corner near you all month long! If you find one, snap a pic and @ me – this one's from @analisacantu pic.twitter.com/LHOFQp7Fuq |first=Alexandria |last=Ocasio-Cortez |date=June 2, 2018}}</ref> Otherwise Ocasio-Cortez was barely mentioned in print until her primary win.<ref>{{cite news |last=Shannon |first=Joel |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wins an upset and her supporters want the media to say her name |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-upset-but-crowley-grabs-headlines/737127002/ |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |access-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627193908/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-upset-but-crowley-grabs-headlines/737127002/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Crowley also remained on the ballot, as the nominee of the [[Working Families Party]] (WFP). Neither Crowley nor the party actively campaigned, with both having endorsed Ocasio-Cortez after her Democratic primary victory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-crowley-working-families-party-20180712-story.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez rips Crowley for not giving up Working Families Party line|last=Lovett|first=Kenneth|date=July 12, 2018|website=Daily News|location=New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720194943/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-crowley-working-families-party-20180712-story.html |archive-date=July 20, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> Former Connecticut Senator [[Joseph Lieberman|Joe Lieberman]], who won reelection in 2006 on a third-party line [[United States Senate election in Connecticut, 2006|after losing the Democratic Primary in 2006]], penned a July 17 column in the ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]]'' expressing his hope that Crowley would actively campaign on the WFP [[Ballot access|ballot line]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/vote-joe-crowley-for-working-families-1531868231|title=Vote Joe Crowley, for Working Families|last=Lieberman|first=Joseph|date=July 17, 2018|website=The Wall Street Journal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719203510/https://www.wsj.com/articles/vote-joe-crowley-for-working-families-1531868231 |archive-date=July 19, 2018 |dead-url=no |access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> Dan Cantor, Executive Director of the WFP, wrote an endorsement of, and apology to, Ocasio-Cortez for the ''[[New York Daily News]]''; he asked voters not to vote for Crowley if his name remained on the general election ballot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-vote-against-joe-crowley-in-november-20180724-story.html|title=Vote against Joe Crowley in November: The Working Families Party chair regrets not endorsing Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|first=Dan|last=Cantor|publisher=New York Daily News|date=July 25, 2018|accessdate=September 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726012404/http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-vote-against-joe-crowley-in-november-20180724-story.html|archive-date=July 26, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez was one of the subjects of the 2018 [[Michael Moore]] documentary ''[[Fahrenheit 11/9]]''; it chronicled her primary campaign.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/michael-moore-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fahrenheit-119_n_5b993c2fe4b0cf7b0045b67c |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Explains This Year's Progressive Wave in Michael Moore's New Film |last=Fang |first=Marina |date=September 12, 2018 |publisher=[[HuffPost]]|access-date=March 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116042748/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/michael-moore-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fahrenheit-119_us_5b993c2fe4b0cf7b0045b67c|archive-date=January 16, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=mmflint |title=Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 11/9: Official Trailer – In Theaters 9/21 |website=[[YouTube]] |date=August 9, 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRQv9xMQ3E0|access-date=March 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303165402/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRQv9xMQ3E0|archive-date=March 3, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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In August 2018, Ocasio-Cortez spoke at the [[Netroots Nation]] conference in New Orleans.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://time.com/5359100/democrats-netroots/|title=The Democratic Split isn't Left vs. Center. It's Old vs. New|last=Alter|first=Charlotte|date=August 6, 2018|website=Time|language=en|access-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807091224/http://time.com/5359100/democrats-netroots/|archive-date=August 7, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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In an attempt to embarrass Ocasio-Cortez just before she took office, Twitter user "AnonymousQ" shared a video dating to Ocasio-Cortez's college years: a Boston University student-produced dance video in which she briefly appeared.<ref name="Lyons Walters 2019">{{cite news |last1=Lyons |first1=Kate |last2=Walters |first2=Joanna |title=Ocasio-Cortez's response to jibes about college dance video? A congressional dance video |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2019 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/04/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-college-dance-video-discredit-backfires |access-date=February 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113015845/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/04/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-college-dance-video-discredit-backfires | archive-date=January 13, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> Many social media users came to her defense, inspiring memes and a Twitter account syncing the footage to songs like "[[Mambo No. 5]]" and "[[Gangnam Style]]".<ref name="The New York Times 2019">{{cite news |first=Tiffany |last=May |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Dancing Video Was Meant as a Smear, but It Backfired |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 4, 2019 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/04/us/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-dance-video.html | access-date=February 15, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214104909/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/04/us/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-dance-video.html | archive-date=February 14, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez responded by posting a video of herself dancing to [[Edwin Starr]]'s "[[War (The Temptations song)|War]]" outside her congressional office.<ref name="Lyons Walters 2019"/> |
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Ocasio-Cortez won the election with 78% of the vote (110,318) to Pappas's 14% (17,762). Her election was part of a broader Democratic victory in the 2018 midterm elections, as the party gained control of the House by picking up at least 40 seats.<ref>{{cite web |title=Certified Results from the November 6, 2018 General Election for U.S. Congress |url=https://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2018/general/2018Congress.pdf |publisher=New York Board of Elections |accessdate=January 4, 2019 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/75AkXVKIV?url=https://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2018/general/2018Congress.pdf |page=6 |7= |archive-date=January 4, 2019 |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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[[Elizabeth Warren]] wrote the entry on Ocasio-Cortez for 2019's [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Warren |first=Elizabeth |date=April 17, 2019 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Is on the 2019 Time 100 List |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567752/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-date=April 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417112232/http://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567752/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The documentary ''[[Knock Down the House]]'', directed by [[Rachel Lears]], which focuses on four female Democrats in the [[2018 United States elections]] who were not career politicians—Ocasio-Cortez, [[Amy Vilela]], [[Cori Bush]] and [[Paula Jean Swearengin]]—premiered at the [[2019 Sundance Film Festival]]. Ocasio-Cortez was the only one of the women featured in the film to win.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ryan |first=Patrick |date=January 28, 2019 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez surprises at Sundance premiere of her emotional new documentary |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2019/01/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-surprises-sundance-premiere-her-new-doc/2698284002/ |website=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 31, 2019 |archive-date=February 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201013435/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2019/01/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-surprises-sundance-premiere-her-new-doc/2698284002/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Palmer |first=Ewan |date=January 28, 2019 |title=Knock Down the House: Watch Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Receive Standing Ovation From Sundance Audience After Documentary Screening |url=https://www.newsweek.com/knock-down-house-watch-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-receive-standing-ovation-1306983 |website=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=January 31, 2019 |archive-date=January 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130221741/https://www.newsweek.com/knock-down-house-watch-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-receive-standing-ovation-1306983 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was released by [[Netflix]] on May 1, 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wilkinson |first=Alissa |date=April 22, 2019 |title=Watch: Netflix's Knock Down the House trailer is here to make politics feel a little more hopeful |url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/4/22/18510907/knock-down-house-netflix-trailer-ocasio-cortez |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |access-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501071818/https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/4/22/18510907/knock-down-house-netflix-trailer-ocasio-cortez |url-status=live }}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez also appeared in Lears's 2022 film ''[[To the End (film)|To the End]]'', which focuses on the effects of [[climate change]]. The film debuted at the [[2022 Sundance Film Festival]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Dennis Harvey |url=https://variety.com/2022/film/festivals/to-the-end-review-1235158133/ |title='To the End' Review: A Doc on Pushing For Climate Policy Change |publisher=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=January 23, 2022 |accessdate=May 20, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Leslie Felperin |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/to-the-end-review-sundance-2022-1235079660/ |title='To the End' Review: Rachel Lears' New AOC Doc at Sundance – The Hollywood Reporter |publisher=Hollywoodreporter.com |date=January 23, 2022 |accessdate=May 20, 2022}}</ref> and was presented at the [[Tribeca Film Festival]] in June 2022.<ref>{{cite web|author=Jill Goldsmith |url=https://deadline.com/2022/04/tribeca-festival-2022-lineup-film-tv-1235005218/ |title=Tribeca Festival 2022 Lineup With Jon Hamm, Ray Romano, Bryan Cranston – Deadline |publisher=Deadline.com |date=April 19, 2022 |accessdate=May 20, 2022}}</ref> |
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=== Media coverage === |
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[[File:Julia Cumming interviewing Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez at an "Anger Can Be Power" Event.jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez during an interview with [[Julia Cumming]] in December 2017]] |
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====2020==== |
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Prior to defeating incumbent [[Joe Crowley]] in the 2018 Democratic primary, Ocasio-Cortez was given little airtime by most traditional news media outlets.<ref>{{cite news|last=Calderone|first=Michael|date=June 27, 2018|title=Times takes heat for missing Crowley's defeat|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/new-york-times-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-679632|work=Politico |access-date=July 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630080740/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/new-york-times-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-679632 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Margaret Sullivan keeps repeating">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-victory-points-to-a-media-failure-that-keeps-repeating/2018/06/28/68f05130-7aca-11e8-93cc-6d3beccdd7a3_story.html|title=Perspective: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's victory points to a media failure that keeps repeating|last=Sullivan|first=Margaret|date=June 28, 2018|work=The Washington Post|access-date=June 30, 2018|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629211530/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-victory-points-to-a-media-failure-that-keeps-repeating/2018/06/28/68f05130-7aca-11e8-93cc-6d3beccdd7a3_story.html|archive-date=June 29, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Jimmy Dore]] interviewed her when she first announced her candidacy in June 2017.<ref>{{Cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bl5mpr7hUwc|title=Progressive Alexandria Ocasio Cortez Is Primarying Corporate Democrat In New York|via=YouTube}}</ref> After her primary win, [[Brian Stelter]] wrote that progressive media outlets, such as ''[[The Young Turks]]'' and ''[[The Intercept]]'', "saw the Ocasio-Cortez upset coming" in advance.<ref name="Brian Stelter saw upset" /> [[Margaret Sullivan (journalist)|Margaret Sullivan]] said that traditional metrics of measuring a campaign's viability, like total fundraising, were contributing to a "media failure".<ref name="Margaret Sullivan keeps repeating" /> Ocasio-Cortez was barely mentioned in print-media coverage until her primary election win.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-upset-but-crowley-grabs-headlines/737127002/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wins an upset and her supporters want the media to say her name|last=Shannon|first=Joel|date=June 27, 2018|website=USA Today |access-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627193908/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-upset-but-crowley-grabs-headlines/737127002/ |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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{{See also|2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14}} |
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[[Michelle Caruso-Cabrera]] challenged Ocasio-Cortez in the 2020 Democratic primary.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ocasio-Cortez Faces Two Challengers in NY1 Congressional Primary Debate|url=https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2020/06/06/nyc-elections-2020-whos-running-14th-congressional-district-debate-corona-sunnyside-throgs-neck|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=www.ny1.com|language=en|archive-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023012102/https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2020/06/06/nyc-elections-2020-whos-running-14th-congressional-district-debate-corona-sunnyside-throgs-neck|url-status=live}}</ref> After Ocasio-Cortez won the nomination, Caruso-Cabrera reorganized and ran in the general election as the [[Serve America Movement]] nominee.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 2020|url=https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_York,_2020|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=Ballotpedia|language=en|archive-date=March 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325172131/https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_York,_2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez's Republican challengers in the general election included nominee John Cummings, a former police officer, and Antoine Tucker, a write-in candidate.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Klar|first=Rebecca|date=May 26, 2020|title=Ocasio-Cortez challenger drops out of GOP primary|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/499462-ocasio-cortez-challenger-drops-out-of-gop-primary/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|language=en|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018203529/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/499462-ocasio-cortez-challenger-drops-out-of-gop-primary|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The ''[[The American Prospect|American Prospect]]'' wrote in October 2020 that Ocasio-Cortez was "spending the 2020 campaign running workshops" for constituents on workplace organizing, fighting eviction, and organizing collective childcare.{{Explain|reason=What is "collective childcare"?|date=February 2024}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Gibson|first=Brittany|date=October 15, 2020|title=The Politician as Organizer|url=https://prospect.org/api/content/fdde06bc-0f0a-11eb-a3c6-1244d5f7c7c6/|access-date=October 18, 2020|website=The American Prospect|language=en-us|archive-date=November 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116153206/https://prospect.org/politics/politician-as-organizer-alexandria-ocasio-cortez/|url-status=live}}</ref> They noted that Ocasio-Cortez was often not featured in the streamed workshops, saying the "strategy decentralizes the candidate from her own campaign."<ref name=":0" /> |
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After her primary win, Ocasio-Cortez quickly garnered nationwide media attention, including numerous articles and TV talk-show appearances. She appeared on ''[[The Late Show with Stephen Colbert]]''<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bradley|first1=Laura|title=Watch Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Relive Her Surprise Victory on Late Show|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-colbert-interview-late-show|website=Vanity Fair HWD|accessdate=July 27, 2018}}</ref> and ''[[The View (talk show)|The View]]'' in the first few days after the primary,<ref>{{cite web|title=Political star Ocasio-Cortez appears on TV's 'The View'|url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/television/article/Political-star-Ocasio-Cortez-appears-on-TV-s-The-13037503.php|website=San Francisco Chronicle|accessdate=July 27, 2018|date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035715/https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/television/article/Political-star-Ocasio-Cortez-appears-on-TV-s-The-13037503.php |archive-date=July 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> and later on ''[[The Daily Show with Trevor Noah]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Amatulli|first1=Jenna|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez To Trevor Noah: Health Care For All Requires Moral Courage|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-daily-show_us_5b5b2771e4b0de86f49686d8|website=HuffPost|accessdate=July 27, 2018|date=July 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728045424/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-daily-show_us_5b5b2771e4b0de86f49686d8 |archive-date=July 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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On October 20, 2020, Ocasio-Cortez hosted a [[Twitch (service)|Twitch]] stream of the [[social deduction game]] ''[[Among Us]]'', with fellow congresswoman [[Ilhan Omar]], and many established streamers such as [[Pokimane]], [[Hasan Piker]], [[DrLupo]], and [[mxmtoon]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Analysis {{!}} AOC playing 'Among Us' shouldn't surprise you. Streams are a beloved pastime.|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/10/21/aoc-twitch-stream-explained/|access-date=August 4, 2021|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> The stream peaked with over 400,000 viewers and, according to ''[[The Guardian]]''{{'s}} Joshua Rivera, succeeded in humanizing her.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rivera |first1=Joshua |title=AOC played Among Us and achieved what most politicians fail at: acting normal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/games/2020/oct/22/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ilhan-omar-among-us-twitch-stream-aoc |access-date=October 22, 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=October 24, 2020 |archive-date=October 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025113529/https://www.theguardian.com/games/2020/oct/22/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ilhan-omar-among-us-twitch-stream-aoc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Farrell |first1=Jack |last2=Ferrell |first2=Harry |title=AOC just played 'Among Us' on Twitch. Over 400,000 people came to watch. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/10/22/aoc-just-played-among-us-twitch-over-400000-people-came-watch/ |access-date=October 22, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 24, 2020 |archive-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024144358/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/10/22/aoc-just-played-among-us-twitch-over-400000-people-came-watch/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kastrenakes|first=Jacob|date=October 20, 2020|title=AOC's debut Twitch stream is one of the biggest ever|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/10/20/21526164/aoc-among-us-twitch-debut-top-concurrent-viewers|access-date=October 21, 2020|website=[[The Verge]]|language=en|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021033529/https://www.theverge.com/2020/10/20/21526164/aoc-among-us-twitch-debut-top-concurrent-viewers|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Brown|first=Abram|title=Almost 700,000 People Flock To Twitch To Watch Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Play Hit Video Game 'Among Us'|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2020/10/20/almost-700000-people-flock-to-twitch-to-watch-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-play-hit-video-game-among-us/|access-date=October 21, 2020|website=[[Forbes]]|language=en|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021174100/https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2020/10/20/almost-700000-people-flock-to-twitch-to-watch-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-play-hit-video-game-among-us/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez again streamed ''Among Us'' on Twitch on November 27, 2020, with Hasan Piker, [[xQc]], [[ContraPoints]] and Canadian MP [[Jagmeet Singh]] to raise money for [[food pantries]], eviction defense legal aid, and community support organizations{{Explain|date=February 2024|reason=What is "community support"?}} to assist those suffering [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|economic hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holt |first1=Kris |date=November 27, 2020 |title=AOC will return to Twitch tonight for another round of 'Among Us' |url=https://www.engadget.com/aoc-twitch-among-us-jagmeet-singh-171253442.html |website=Engadget |access-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128122628/https://www.engadget.com/aoc-twitch-among-us-jagmeet-singh-171253442.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The stream raised $200,000 and Ocasio-Cortez wrote, "This is going to make such a difference for those who need it most right now."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Iovine |first1=Anna |date=November 28, 2020 |title=AOC raised $200,000 for charity on her 'Among Us' Twitch stream Friday |url=https://mashable.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aoc-twitch-among-us-charity-stream/ |website=Mashable |access-date=January 18, 2021}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez also drew a great deal of media attention when she and Sanders campaigned for [[James Thompson (Kansas politician)|James Thompson]] in Kansas, in July 2018. A rally in [[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] had to be moved from a theater with a capacity of 1,500 when far more people said they would attend. The event drew 4,000 people, with some seated on the floor. In ''[[The New Yorker]]'' Benjamin Wallace-Wells wrote that while Sanders remains "the de-facto leader of an increasingly popular left, [he is unable to] do things that do not come naturally to him, like supply hope." Wallace-Wells suggested that Ocasio-Cortez has made Sanders's task easier, as he can point to her success to show that ideas "once considered to be radical are now part of the mainstream".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wallace-Wells|first1=Benjamin|title=Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in Kansas|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/bernie-sanders-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-in-kansas|website=The New Yorker|accessdate=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726005141/https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/bernie-sanders-and-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-in-kansas |archive-date=July 26, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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====2022==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez criticized news outlets, such as [[Fox News]] and the ''[[Washington Examiner]]'', for mocking her financial situation.<ref name="Slams Fox Laughing Rent">{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fox-news-dc-rent_us_5be5e0dee4b0e8438897893b|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Slams Fox News For Laughing At Her D.C. Rent Problem|last=Boboltz|first=Sara|date=November 9, 2018|work=Huffington Post|accessdate=November 12, 2018|ref=HuffPo Nov. 2018: AOC slams Fox for rent criticism|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111233233/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fox-news-dc-rent_us_5be5e0dee4b0e8438897893b|archive-date=November 11, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://observer.com/2018/11/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beat-gop-meme-game-eddie-scarry/|title=Ocasio-Cortez Is Beating the Right at Their Own Meme Game, One 'Creep Shot' at a Time|last=Richardson|first=Davis|date=November 16, 2018|work=Observer|access-date=November 18, 2018|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118164537/https://observer.com/2018/11/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beat-gop-meme-game-eddie-scarry/|archive-date=November 18, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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{{See also|2022 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14}} |
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Ocasio-Cortez was unopposed in the Democratic primary.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/aoc-cruises-to-renomination-uncontested-after-other-squad-members-faced-primaries | title=AOC cruises to renomination uncontested after other 'Squad' members faced primaries | date=August 24, 2022 }}</ref> She defeated Republican Tina Forte and [[Conservative Party of New York State|Conservative Party]] nominee Desi Cuellar in the general election.<ref>{{cite news |title=New York 14th Congressional District Election Results |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/11/08/us/elections/results-new-york-us-house-district-14.html |access-date=November 9, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 8, 2022}}</ref> |
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===Tenure=== |
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Ocasio-Cortez received backlash after barring members of the media from attending her "listening tour" on August 8 in [[the Bronx]] and August 12 in [[Corona, Queens]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2018/08/17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-will-be-facing-really-intense-scrutiny/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez will be facing really intense scrutiny|website=The Washington Examiner|publisher=Greg Sargent|accessdate=August 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819012415/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2018/08/17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-will-be-facing-really-intense-scrutiny/|archive-date=August 19, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/17/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-town-hall.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Criticized for Excluding Press From 2 Town Hall Meetings|website=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times|accessdate=August 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818185541/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/17/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-town-hall.html |archive-date=August 18, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/18/politics/ocasio-cortez-excludes-media-town-hall/index.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez faces heat for excluding media from town hall events|publisher=CNN|accessdate=August 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819035803/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/18/politics/ocasio-cortez-excludes-media-town-hall/index.html |archive-date=August 19, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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[[File:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez - 2019-01-16 Speech about an immigrant constituent.webm|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez's maiden speech as a Representative, addressing the [[2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown]]]] |
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Taking office at age 29, Ocasio-Cortez is [[List of youngest members of the United States Congress|the youngest woman ever to serve in the United States Congress]], and also the youngest member of the [[116th Congress]].<ref name="116th">{{cite web|date=December 17, 2020|title=Membership of the 116th Congress: A Profile|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45583.pdf|access-date=February 27, 2021|publisher=[[Congressional Research Service]]}}</ref> |
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In December 2018, Ocasio-Cortez said the media's treatment of her reveals a sexist double standard. She cited the example of [[Paul Ryan]], who was also elected to Congress at age 28 but who was treated as a "genius" despite what she referred to as his "ill-considered policies", while she has been treated with suspicion and derision.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-paul-ryan-elected-28-2018-12|title='Double standards': Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez says Paul Ryan was hailed as a 'genius' when he was elected at 28 but she gets called a 'fraud'|last=Baker|first=Sinéad|website=Business Insider|access-date=December 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211143334/https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-paul-ryan-elected-28-2018-12|archive-date=December 11, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/420662-ocasio-cortez-paul-ryan-got-called-a-genius-when-he-was-elected-at-28-i-get|title=Ocasio-Cortez: Paul Ryan got called a 'genius' when he was elected at 28, I get accused of being 'a fraud'|last=Wise|first=Justin|date=December 10, 2018|website=TheHill|language=en|access-date=December 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212052804/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/420662-ocasio-cortez-paul-ryan-got-called-a-genius-when-he-was-elected-at-28-i-get|archive-date=December 12, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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When the 116th Congress convened on January 3, 2019, Ocasio-Cortez entered with no [[seniority]] but with a large [[social media]] presence. [[Axios (website)|''Axios'']] credited her with "as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats combined".<ref name="axiosnov">{{cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-followers-house-democrats-d7818025-a1a5-444d-a598-b5983021e92b.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats, combined |last=McCammond |first=Alexi |date=November 28, 2018 |publisher=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128220300/https://www.axios.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-followers-house-democrats-d7818025-a1a5-444d-a598-b5983021e92b.html|archive-date=November 28, 2018|url-status=live |access-date=December 3, 2018}}</ref> {{As of|2021|3|since=y}}, she has 12{{spaces}}million [[Twitter]] followers,<ref name="socmedia1">{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/AOC |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (@AOC) |via=Twitter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101050812/https://twitter.com/aoc|archive-date=January 1, 2019|url-status=live |access-date=January 13, 2019}}</ref> up from 1.4 million in November 2018<ref name=axiosnov/> and surpassing Nancy Pelosi.<ref name="nytimes1">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/tlaib-aoc-new-congress.html |title=Liberal Freshmen Are Shaking the Capitol Just Days into the New Congress |first=Catie |last=Edmondson |date=January 6, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113062712/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/tlaib-aoc-new-congress.html|archive-date=January 13, 2019|url-status=live |author2=Emily Cochrane |author3=Lisa Friedman}}</ref> She has 8.9 million [[Instagram]] followers as of January 2019<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.instagram.com/ocasio2018/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (@ocasio2018) |via=Instagram |access-date=January 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107080109/https://www.instagram.com/ocasio2018/|archive-date=January 7, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> and 500,000 followers on [[Facebook]] as of February 2019.<ref name="Benwell 2019">{{cite news |last=Benwell |first=Max |title=💃😂✊: How Ocasio-Cortez beat everyone at Twitter in nine tweets |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=February 12, 2019 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/12/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-social-media | access-date=February 15, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215032241/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/12/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-social-media | archive-date=February 15, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> Her colleagues appointed her to teach them social media lessons upon her arrival in Congress.<ref name="Benwell 2019"/> In early July 2019 two lawsuits were filed against her for blocking [[Joey Salads]] and [[Dov Hikind]] on Twitter in light of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit|Second Circuit Court of Appeals]] ruling that it was a violation of the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution|First Amendment]] for [[Donald Trump|President Trump]] to block people on Twitter.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/07/10/ocasio-cortez-faces-lawsuits-blocking-twitter-critics-after-appeals-court-ruling-trump/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez faces lawsuits for blocking Twitter critics after appeals court ruling on Trump |last=Paul |first=Deanna |date=July 10, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |archive-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715145109/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/07/10/ocasio-cortez-faces-lawsuits-blocking-twitter-critics-after-appeals-court-ruling-trump/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/republicans-sue-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-blocking-them-twitter-1448415 |title=Democrat and Republican sue Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for blocking them on Twitter |first=Scott |last=McDonald |date=July 9, 2019 |website=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721152740/https://www.newsweek.com/republicans-sue-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-blocking-them-twitter-1448415 |url-status=live }}</ref> On November 4, 2019, it was announced that they settled the lawsuit with Ocasio-Cortez issuing a statement apologizing for the Twitter block.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bowden |first1=John |title=Ocasio-Cortez apologizes for blocking ex-politician on Twitter, settles lawsuit |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/468877-ocasio-cortez-apologizes-for-blocking-ex-politician-on-twitter-settles-lawsuit/ |date=November 4, 2019 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2019 |archive-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106001419/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/468877-ocasio-cortez-apologizes-for-blocking-ex-politician-on-twitter-settles-lawsuit |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Gershman |first1=Jacob |last2=Morris |first2=Betsy |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Apologizes for Blocking Twitter Critic |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fights-for-the-right-to-block-some-critics-on-twitter-11572871369 |date=November 4, 2019 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=November 11, 2019 |archive-date=November 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106183050/https://www.wsj.com/articles/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-fights-for-the-right-to-block-some-critics-on-twitter-11572871369 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Since December 2018, she has been portrayed on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' by [[Melissa Villaseñor]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Opinion {{!}} If Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez were a conservative |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/if-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-were-a-conservative/2019/01/24/8aa9bb58-1ffd-11e9-9145-3f74070bbdb9_story.html?utm_term=.1772f2371a40 |accessdate=January 25, 2019 |work=Washington Post |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Vasquez |first1=Zach |title=Saturday Night Live: Rachel Brosnahan and the less than marvelous misses |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/jan/20/saturday-night-live-rachel-brosnahan-greta-van-fleet-led-zeppelin |accessdate=January 25, 2019 |work=The Guardian |date=January 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125092315/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/jan/20/saturday-night-live-rachel-brosnahan-greta-van-fleet-led-zeppelin |archive-date=January 25, 2019 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=SNL Archives {{!}} Impressions {{!}} Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |url=http://www.snlarchives.net/Impressions/?3925 |website=www.snlarchives.net |access-date=January 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125183541/http://www.snlarchives.net/Impressions/?3925 |archive-date=January 25, 2019 |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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In a 2019 interview, Ocasio-Cortez said she had stopped using her private Facebook account and was minimizing her usage of all social media accounts and platforms, calling them a "public health risk".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.acast.com/skullduggery/aocunfiltered |title=AOC unfiltered {{!}} Skullduggery on acast |last=acast |date=April 15, 2019 |website=acast |access-date=May 6, 2019 |archive-date=November 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116153118/https://play.acast.com/s/skullduggery/aocunfiltered |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/15/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-quits-facebook-calls-social-media-public-health-risk/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez quits Facebook, calls social media a 'public health risk' |first=Hamza |last=Shaban |date=April 15, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=May 6, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505023510/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/15/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-quits-facebook-calls-social-media-public-health-risk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Just before Ocasio-Cortez took office, Twitter user "AnonymousQ" shared a Boston University student-produced dance video in which she briefly appeared, in an attempt to embarrass her.<ref name="Lyons Walters 2019">{{cite web | last=Lyons | first=Kate | last2=Walters | first2=Joanna | title=Ocasio-Cortez's response to jibes about college dance video? A congressional dance video | website=the Guardian | date=2019-01-04 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jan/04/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-college-dance-video-discredit-backfires | access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref> Many social media users came to her defense, inspiring memes and a Twitter account syncing the footage to songs like "[[Mambo No. 5]]" and "[[Gangnam Style]]".<ref name="The New York Times 2019">{{cite news | title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Dancing Video Was Meant as a Smear, but It Backfired | website=The New York Times | date=2019-01-04 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/04/us/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-dance-video.html | access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez lightheartedly responded by posting a video of herself dancing to [[Edwin Starr]]'s "[[War (The Temptations song)|War]]".<ref name="Lyons Walters 2019"/> |
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====Arrival==== |
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== 116th Congress == |
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In November 2018, on the first day of congressional orientation, Ocasio-Cortez participated in a climate change protest outside the office of [[House Minority Leader]] [[Nancy Pelosi]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-nancy-pelosi/1987514002/ |title=On her first day of orientation on Capitol Hill, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez protests in Pelosi's office |last=Gaudiano |first=Nicole |work=[[USA Today]] |date=November 13, 2018 |access-date=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127083133/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-nancy-pelosi/1987514002/ |archive-date=November 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Also that month, she backed Pelosi's bid to be [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] once the Democratic Party reclaimed the majority on the condition that Pelosi "remains the most progressive candidate for speaker".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/21/politics/alexandria-ocasio--cortez-nancy-pelosi-house-speaker/index.html |title=Ocasio-Cortez backs Pelosi for speaker as long as she 'remains the most progressive candidate' |last=LeBlanc |first=Paul |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=November 22, 2018 |access-date=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126020703/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/21/politics/alexandria-ocasio--cortez-nancy-pelosi-house-speaker/index.html |archive-date=November 26, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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[[File:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez - 2019-01-16 Speech about an immigrant constituent.webm|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez's first speech as a Representative, addressing the [[2018–19 United States federal government shutdown]]]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez entered Congress with no [[seniority]] but with a large [[social media]] presence that could increase her influence in the House. [[Axios (website)|''Axios'']] has credited her with "as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats combined."<ref name=axiosnov>{{cite web | url=https://www.axios.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-followers-house-democrats-d7818025-a1a5-444d-a598-b5983021e92b.html | first=Alexi | last=McCammond | title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats, combined | work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] | date=November 28, 2018 | accessdate=December 3, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128220300/https://www.axios.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-followers-house-democrats-d7818025-a1a5-444d-a598-b5983021e92b.html | archive-date=November 28, 2018 | dead-url=no | df=mdy-all }}</ref> {{Asof|2019|2|df=|since=}}, she has 3.1 million [[Twitter]] followers,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/AOC|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (@AOC) {{!}} Twitter|website=twitter.com|language=en|access-date=January 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101050812/https://twitter.com/aoc|archive-date=January 1, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> up from 1.38 million in November 2018<ref name=axiosnov/> and surpassing Nancy Pelosi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/tlaib-aoc-new-congress.html|title=Liberal Freshmen Are Shaking the Capitol Just Days Into the New Congress|work=New York Times|date=January 6, 2019|author=Catie Edmondson|author2=Emily Cochrane|author3=Lisa Friedman|access-date=January 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113062712/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/tlaib-aoc-new-congress.html|archive-date=January 13, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> She has 2.2 million [[Instagram]] followers<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/ocasio2018/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (@ocasio2018) • Instagram photos and videos|website=www.instagram.com|language=en|access-date=January 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107080109/https://www.instagram.com/ocasio2018/|archive-date=January 7, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> and 500,000 followers on Facebook.<ref name="Benwell 2019">{{cite web | last=Benwell | first=Max | title=💃😂✊: How Ocasio-Cortez beat everyone at Twitter in nine tweets | website=the Guardian | date=2019-02-12 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/12/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-twitter-social-media | access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref> Her colleagues were so impressed that she was appointed to teach them social media lessons upon her arrival in Congress.<ref name="Benwell 2019"/> |
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[[File:9H1A8450 (44361385310).jpg|thumb|right|Ocasio-Cortez and Senator [[Bernie Sanders]] in December 2018]] |
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On the first day of congressional orientation, Ocasio-Cortez participated in a climate change protest outside the office of [[House Minority Leader]] [[Nancy Pelosi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-nancy-pelosi/1987514002/ |title=On her first day of orientation on Capitol Hill, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez protests in Pelosi's office |author=Gaudiano, Nicole |work=USA Today |date=November 13, 2018 |accessdate=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127083133/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-nancy-pelosi/1987514002/ |archive-date=November 27, 2018 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez backed Pelosi's bid to be [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] once the Democratic Party reclaimed the majority on the condition that Pelosi "remains the most progressive candidate for speaker."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/21/politics/alexandria-ocasio--cortez-nancy-pelosi-house-speaker/index.html |title=Ocasio-Cortez backs Pelosi for speaker as long as she 'remains the most progressive candidate' |author=LeBlanc, Paul |work=CNN |date=November 22, 2018 |accessdate=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126020703/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/21/politics/alexandria-ocasio--cortez-nancy-pelosi-house-speaker/index.html |archive-date=November 26, 2018 |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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During the orientation for new members hosted by the [[John F. Kennedy School of Government]], Ocasio-Cortez wrote on Twitter in December 2018 about the influence of corporate interests by sponsors such as the [[American Enterprise Institute]] and the [[Center for Strategic and International Studies]]: "Lobbyists are here. [[Goldman Sachs]] is here. Where's labor? Activists? Frontline community leaders?"<ref>{{cite news |first=Eliza |last=Relman |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-house-freshmen-are-protesting-orientation-harvard-2018-12 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and House freshmen are protesting orientation |publisher=[[Business Insider]] |date=December 6, 2018 |access-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217110552/https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-house-freshmen-are-protesting-orientation-harvard-2018-12 |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hignett |first=Katherine |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lobbyists-congress-harvard-rashida-tlaib-1248959 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Blasts 'Bipartisan' Congressional Orientation: 'Lobbyists are here ... Where's Labor?' |work=[[Newsweek]]|date=August 2, 2018 |access-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216160940/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lobbyists-congress-harvard-rashida-tlaib-1248959 |archive-date=December 16, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Gangitano |url=https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/420172-ocasio-cortez-rips-presence-of-lobbyists-at/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez rips presence of lobbyists at orientation event |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=December 6, 2018 |access-date=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062744/https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/420172-ocasio-cortez-rips-presence-of-lobbyists-at |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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When Ocasio-Cortez made her first speech on the floor of Congress in January 2019, [[C-SPAN]] [[tweeted]] the video. Within 12 hours, the video of her four-minute speech set the record as C-SPAN's most-watched Twitter video of a member of the House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://time.com/5506749/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-house-speech-cspan-record/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's First House Speech Broke a C-SPAN Record |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=January 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118202200/http://time.com/5506749/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-house-speech-cspan-record/|archive-date=January 18, 2019|url-status=live |first=Mahita |last=Gajanan |date=January 18, 2019}}</ref> |
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During the orientation for new members hosted by the [[John F. Kennedy School of Government]], Ocasio-Cortez wrote on Twitter about the influence of corporate interests by sponsors such as the [[American Enterprise Institute]] and the [[Center for Strategic and International Studies]]: "Lobbyists are here. [[Goldman Sachs]] is here. Where's labor? Activists? Frontline community leaders?"<ref>{{cite web |author=Eliza Relman |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-house-freshmen-are-protesting-orientation-harvard-2018-12 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and House freshmen are protesting orientation |publisher=Business Insider |date=December 6, 2018 |accessdate=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217110552/https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-house-freshmen-are-protesting-orientation-harvard-2018-12 |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Hignett |first=Katherine |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lobbyists-congress-harvard-rashida-tlaib-1248959 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Blasts 'Bipartisan' Congressional Orientation: 'Lobbyists are here...Where's Labor?' |publisher=Newsweek.com |date=August 2, 2018 |accessdate=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216160940/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lobbyists-congress-harvard-rashida-tlaib-1248959 |archive-date=December 16, 2018 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/420172-ocasio-cortez-rips-presence-of-lobbyists-at |title=Ocasio-Cortez rips presence of lobbyists at orientation event |publisher=TheHill |date=December 6, 2018 |accessdate=December 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062744/https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/420172-ocasio-cortez-rips-presence-of-lobbyists-at |archive-date=December 17, 2018 |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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====Hearings==== |
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When Ocasio-Cortez made her first speech on the floor of Congress, [[C-SPAN]] tweeted out the video. Within 12 hours, the video of her four-minute speech set the record as C-SPAN's most-watched Twitter video.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://time.com/5506749/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-house-speech-cspan-record/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's First House Speech Broke a C-SPAN Record|website=Time|access-date=January 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118202200/http://time.com/5506749/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-house-speech-cspan-record/|archive-date=January 18, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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In February 2019, speaking at a Congressional hearing with a panel of representatives from [[campaign finance]] watchdog groups, Ocasio-Cortez questioned the panel about ethics regulations as they apply to both the president and members of Congress. She asserted that no regulations prevent lawmakers "from being bought off by wealthy corporations".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wyatt |first1=Tim |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez delivers devastating dissection of US financial system and political corruption in congress speech |date=February 8, 2019 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-congress-speech-campaign-finance-corruption-election-aoc-a8769381.html |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |access-date=February 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210075120/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-congress-speech-campaign-finance-corruption-election-aoc-a8769381.html |archive-date=February 10, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> With more than 37.5 million views, the clip became the most-watched political video posted on Twitter.<ref name="Wolfson 2019">{{cite news |last=Wolfson |first=Sam |title=Why Ocasio-Cortez's lesson in dark money is the most-watched political video |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=February 14, 2019 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/14/campaign-finance-but-make-it-viral-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-unlikely-video-hit | access-date=February 15, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215002321/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/14/campaign-finance-but-make-it-viral-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-unlikely-video-hit | archive-date=February 15, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> |
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When President [[Donald Trump]]'s former lawyer [[Michael Cohen (lawyer)|Michael Cohen]] appeared before the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform|Oversight Committee]] in February 2019, Ocasio-Cortez asked him whether Trump had inflated property values for bank or insurance purposes and where to get more information on the subject.<ref>{{cite news |title=Michael Cohen concludes his testimony: 'I will not sit back' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/michael-cohen-testimony/2019/02/27/089664f0-39fb-11e9-a2cd-307b06d0257b_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=June 15, 2019 |date=February 27, 2019 |first1=Matt |last1=Zapotosky |first2=Karoun |last2=Demirjian |first3=Rosalind S. |last3=Helderman |first4=Rachael |last4=Bade |first5=Shane |last5=Harris |archive-date=June 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615061941/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/michael-cohen-testimony/2019/02/27/089664f0-39fb-11e9-a2cd-307b06d0257b_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Cohen's reply implied that Trump may have committed [[Tax evasion|tax]] and [[bank fraud]] in his personal and business tax returns, financial statements and real-estate filings.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 27, 2019 |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2019/02/27/seven-big-moments-from-cohen-testimony-far/XAoycU0SwdZeNwzHGgZIYN/story.html |title=10 big moments from Cohen's testimony |first=James|last=Pindell |newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]]|access-date=March 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302210354/https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2019/02/27/seven-big-moments-from-cohen-testimony-far/XAoycU0SwdZeNwzHGgZIYN/story.html|archive-date=March 2, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="cbsnews.com">{{cite news |date=February 28, 2019 |first=Aimee |last=Picchi |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/michael-cohen-claims-trump-lies-about-his-wealth-heres-why-it-matters/ |title=Michael Cohen claims Trump lies about his wealth – here's why it matters |work=[[CBS News]]|access-date=March 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302061533/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/michael-cohen-claims-trump-lies-about-his-wealth-heres-why-it-matters/|archive-date=March 2, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The president of the [[American Constitution Society]] named Ocasio-Cortez as the committee member best at obtaining specific information from Cohen about Trump's "shady practices, along with a road map for how to find out more".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Caroline |first1=Fredrickson |title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Won the Cohen Hearing |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/28/opinion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cohen-hearing.html |date=February 28, 2019 |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 2, 2019 |archive-date=March 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302014901/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/28/opinion/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cohen-hearing.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ''New York Times'' columnist [[David Brooks (commentator)|David Brooks]] praised her skill in questioning Cohen.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodruff |first1=Judy |last2=Shields |first2=Mark |last3=Brooks |first3=David |title=Shields and Brooks on Cohen testimony, North Korea summit |type=Transcript |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/shields-and-brooks-on-cohen-testimony-north-korea-summit |work=[[PBS NewsHour]] |date=March 1, 2019 |access-date=March 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302120236/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/shields-and-brooks-on-cohen-testimony-north-korea-summit |archive-date=March 2, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> The exchange between Ocasio-Cortez and Cohen prompted an investigation by New York Attorney General [[Letitia James]], who referred to it in August 2020 when filing legal action to compel Trump's companies to comply with subpoenas about financial information, and to compel his son [[Eric Trump]] to testify.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AOC's Grilling of Michael Cohen Was What Led to NY AG's Fraud Case Against Trump Businesses, Eric Trump |website=lawandcrime.com |url=https://lawandcrime.com/high-profile/aocs-grilling-of-michael-cohen-was-what-led-to-ny-ags-fraud-case-against-trump-businesses-eric-trump/ |date=August 24, 2020 |first=Colin |last=Kalmbacher |access-date=August 25, 2020 |language=en |archive-date=August 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824224056/https://lawandcrime.com/high-profile/aocs-grilling-of-michael-cohen-was-what-led-to-ny-ags-fraud-case-against-trump-businesses-eric-trump/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Further developments as a result of the exchange saw James form a [[New York civil investigation of The Trump Organization|civil investigation and lawsuit]] against [[The Trump Organization]] regarding potential financial fraud, which resulted in a fine of $354 million and a ban on Trump doing business in New York for two to three years.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bustillo |first1=Ximena |date=February 16, 2024 |title=Trump ordered to pay over $355M for fraudulent business practices in New York |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/02/16/1226294071/trump-fined-fraud-trial-ny |access-date=February 17, 2024 |work=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Snodgrass |first1=Erin |title= Here's how AOC unwittingly sparked NY Attorney General Letitia James' lawsuit into Donald Trump and the Trump Organization |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/aoc-questions-michael-cohen-2019-sparked-ny-ag-trump-lawsuit-2022-9 |access-date= February 27, 2024 |work=[[Business Insider]] |date= September 23, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Garcia |first1=Eric |last2=Feinberg |first2=Andrew |title= How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez inadvertently sparked the New York attorney general's Trump lawsuit |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-donald-trump-law-suit-new-york-b2173633.html |access-date= February 27, 2024 |work=[[The Independent]] |date= September 23, 2022 }}</ref> |
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[[File:AOC-office-postitnotes.jpg|thumb|left|Supporters of Ocasio-Cortez left dozens of Post-It Notes of support by her office door.]] |
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During her first month in office, admirers of Ocasio-Cortez left dozens of messages of encouragement on orange, pink, yellow, and blue [[Post-it Note]]s. "Some mothers came by & left 2-3 encouraging notes on my plaque," she explained on Twitter. "We left them up, bc it was great to read those little encouraging words every morning...Soon, more Post-its came. It became a little ritual for the public, so we left stacks out for people."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/tr-tr/haber/dunya/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-reveals-her-wall-of-multi-coloured-thank-you-post-it-notes/ar-BBTvtQg|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez reveals her wall of multi-coloured thank you Post-it notes|website=www.msn.com|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref> The sticky notes were removed after the Superintendent of House Office Buildings said the notes obscured the [[braille]] on her nameplate, according to staff assistant Claudia Pagon Marchena. A spokeswoman for the Architect of the Capitol, which oversees the superintendent’s office, said the Post-it Notes violated "hallway policy."<ref name="Akin 2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/congress/172379-2|title=‘You took off our Post-its?’ Capitol Hill officials tell Ocasio-Cortez to move her sticky notes|last=Akin|first=Stephanie|date=2019-02-12|website=Roll Call|access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref> |
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====Media coverage==== |
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Speaking at a Congressional hearing with a panel of representatives from campaign finance watchdog groups, Ocasio-Cortez questioned the panel about ethics regulations as they apply to both the president and members of Congress. Her questioning revealed that no regulations prevent lawmakers "from being bought off by wealthy corporations."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wyatt |first1=Tim |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez delivers devastating dissection of US financial system and political corruption in congress speech |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-congress-speech-campaign-finance-corruption-election-aoc-a8769381.html |website=Independent |accessdate=February 12, 2019}}</ref> With more than 37.5 million views, the clip became the most-watched political video ever posted on Twitter.<ref name="Wolfson 2019">{{cite web | last=Wolfson | first=Sam | title=Why Ocasio-Cortez’s lesson in dark money is the most-watched political video | website=the Guardian | date=2019-02-14 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/feb/14/campaign-finance-but-make-it-viral-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-unlikely-video-hit | access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref> |
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[[File:Sanders rally Council Bluffs IMG 4014 (49036624512).jpg|thumb|Sanders rally Council Bluffs, Iowa]] |
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According to reports in March 2019, Ocasio-Cortez continued to receive media coverage early in her congressional tenure on par with that of [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential candidates]]<ref name="WaPo20190321">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/21/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-is-not-second-most-talked-about-politician-america/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is not the 'second most talked-about politician in America' |last=Bump |first=Phillip |date=March 21, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328045219/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/03/21/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-is-not-second-most-talked-about-politician-america/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and was considered "one of the faces of the Democratic party"<ref name=CNN20190321>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/21/media/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-time-magazine-cover/index.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, 'second most talked-about politician in America,' graces Time cover |last=Kludt |first=Tom |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=March 21, 2019 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-date=March 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323162953/https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/21/media/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-time-magazine-cover/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and one of the most talked-about politicians in the United States.<ref name="Time20190321">{{Cite news |url=https://time.com/longform/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-profile/ |title='Change Is Closer Than We Think.' Inside Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Unlikely Rise |last=Alter |first=Charlotte |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|language=en |quote=Wonder Woman of the left, Wicked Witch of the right, Ocasio-Cortez has become the second most talked-about politician in America, after the President of the United States.{{spaces}}... No lawmaker in recent memory has translated so few votes into so much political and social capital so quickly. |date=March 21, 2019 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-date=November 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115184338/https://time.com/longform/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-profile/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Between July{{spaces}}8 and 14, 2019, she drew more social media attention than the Democratic presidential candidates. Tracking company NewsWhip found that interactions with news articles on Ocasio-Cortez numbered 4.8 million, while no Democratic presidential candidate got more than 1.2 million. David Bauder of the [[Associated Press]] wrote that Trump's supporters were thus having "some success" in having "Ocasio-Cortez be top of mind when people think of" the Democratic Party.<ref name=dominating>{{cite web |last1=Bauder |first1=David |title=Stats show how AOC dominating social media attention |url=https://www.apnews.com/1e006443442a465fa4e2b38acab5e29c |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=July 21, 2019 |date=July 18, 2019 |archive-date=July 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720223004/https://www.apnews.com/1e006443442a465fa4e2b38acab5e29c |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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According to a [[Media Matters for America]] study, Ocasio-Cortez has been intensely discussed on sister television channels Fox News and Fox Business, being mentioned every day from February 25 to April 7, 2019, for a total of 3,181 mentions in 42 days (an average of around 75 per day). ''The Guardian''{{'s}} [[David Smith (journalist)|David Smith]] wrote that this is evidence that Fox is "obsessed by Ocasio-Cortez, portraying her as a radical socialist who threatens the American way of life".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=David |title=Fox mentions Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for 42 days running – 3,181 times |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/apr/12/fox-mentions-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-42-days-running |date=April 12, 2019 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415043754/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/apr/12/fox-mentions-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-42-days-running |url-status=live }}</ref> Brian Stelter of [[CNN Business]] found that between January and July 2019, she had nearly three times as many mentions on Fox News as on CNN and MSNBC, and seven times the coverage of [[James Clyburn]], a Democratic leader in the House of Representatives. Stelter wrote that the attention Ocasio-Cortez is receiving has caused "the perception, particularly on the right, that her positions and policies are representative of the Democratic Party as a whole".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stelter |first1=Brian |title=How Fox News fuels Trump's fixation with AOC and Ilhan Omar |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/21/media/fox-news-aoc-ilhan-omar/index.html |website=[[CNN Business]] |access-date=July 22, 2019 |date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722043759/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/21/media/fox-news-aoc-ilhan-omar/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In a [[CBS News]] and [[YouGov]] poll of almost 2,100 American adults conducted from July 17 to 19, it was found that Republican respondents were more aware of Ocasio-Cortez than Democratic respondents. She had very unfavorable ratings among Republican respondents and favorable ratings among Democratic respondents.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Backus |first1=Fred |last2=Salvanto |first2=Anthony |title=Most Americans disagree with Trump's "go back" tweets – CBS News poll |date=July 21, 2019 |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/most-americans-disagree-with-trumps-go-back-tweets-cbs-news-poll/ |website=[[CBS News]] |access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722012230/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/most-americans-disagree-with-trumps-go-back-tweets-cbs-news-poll/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In March 2019, ''[[PolitiFact]]'' reported that Ocasio-Cortez is "one of the most targeted politicians for hoax claims, despite the fact that she just entered Congress as a freshman". Fake quotes attributed to her, fake photos of her, and false rumors about her have spread on [[social media]]. Some of these have originated from [[4chan]] and [[r/The_Donald]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Rourke |first1=Ciara |title=No, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez probably didn't say that |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2019/mar/27/no-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-probably-didnt-say/ |website=[[PolitiFact]] |access-date=July 12, 2019 |date=March 27, 2019 |archive-date=July 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712010618/https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2019/mar/27/no-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-probably-didnt-say/ |url-status=live }}</ref> By July 2019, the fake material included attributing things Trump said to Ocasio-Cortez, such as "I have a very good brain and I've said lots of things."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Putterman |first1=Samantha |title=Ocasio-Cortez didn't say she speaks with herself because she has 'a very good brain.' That was Trump |url=https://www.politifact.com/facebook-fact-checks/statements/2019/jul/11/facebook-posts/ocasio-cortez-didnt-say-she-speaks-herself-because/ |website=[[PolitiFact]] |access-date=July 12, 2019 |date=July 11, 2019 |archive-date=July 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711234940/https://www.politifact.com/facebook-fact-checks/statements/2019/jul/11/facebook-posts/ocasio-cortez-didnt-say-she-speaks-herself-because/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 18, 2019, Charlie Rispoli, a police officer from [[Gretna, Louisiana|Gretna]], posted on Facebook an apparent threat to shoot Ocasio-Cortez, calling her a "vile idiot" who "needs a round, and I don't mean the kind she used to serve" as a bartender. Rispoli posted the comment in response to a [[fake news]] article that falsely quoted Ocasio-Cortez as saying, "We pay soldiers too much". A photo from the article also had the label "[[satire]]".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Calder |first1=Chad |title=Gretna police officer suggests U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez 'needs a round' in social media post |url=https://www.nola.com/news/crime_police/article_a206330a-aa5c-11e9-a2da-e7a8c6248a10.html |date=July 20, 2019 |website=[[nola.com]] |access-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-date=July 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720234740/https://www.nola.com/news/crime_police/article_a206330a-aa5c-11e9-a2da-e7a8c6248a10.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Rispoli was fired for his post and his Facebook account was deleted.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/louisiana-police-officer-suggests-facebook-aoc-be-shot-n1032281 |title=Louisiana police officer fired after suggesting AOC should be shot |last=Smith |first=Allan |date=July 22, 2019 |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722141626/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/louisiana-police-officer-suggests-facebook-aoc-be-shot-n1032281 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez is known to wear red lipstick, usually by the American makeup brand [[Stila|Stila Cosmetics]] in the shade "Beso", as a style trait of Latina women from the Bronx.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/10/becoming-aoc-cover-story-2020|title= AOC'S Next Four Years|date=October 28, 2020|last=Ruiz|first=Michelle|publisher=Condé Nast}}</ref> In a skincare tutorial for ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'', she explained that beauty and femininity are important to her because these things are often used against women in politics and society, and that self-love is like a "mini protest" against misogynistic critiques.<ref>{{cite magazine|url= https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-beauty-secrets|title= Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on Self-Love, Fighting the Power, and Her Signature Red Lip |magazine=Vogue|last=Ruffner|first=Zoe|date=August 21, 2020|publisher=Condé Nast}}</ref> |
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===== Met Gala appearance ===== |
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[[File:Tax the Rich Graphic.svg|thumb|upright|Graphic representation of the Tax the Rich print from AOC's Met Gala dress]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez attended the 2021 [[Met Gala]], which had the theme "In America: a Lexicon of Fashion". The Met Gala is an annual fundraiser for the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] that is overseen by ''Vogue'' editor-in-chief [[Anna Wintour]], who selects every invitee and designer pairing. Ocasio-Cortez wore an [[organza]] gown emblazoned with the phrase "Tax the Rich". As an elected official in New York City, she was considered a guest of the museum, and as such did not have to buy a ticket, which costs persons other than elected officials at least $35,000. The dress's designer, [[Aurora James]], also invited her boyfriend [[Benjamin Bronfman]], the son of a billionaire. Critics, both conservative and liberal, rebuked Ocasio-Cortez for attending an event where guests were not required to wear masks, but event staff were and for attending an event known for its opulent display of wealth and social status. She responded that they were using a sexist double standard and that she "punctured the fourth wall of excess and spectacle." James also believed that the extremely wealthy people in attendance needed to see the message in person.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/16/style/aoc-designer-tax-the-rich-dress.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916174052/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/16/style/aoc-designer-tax-the-rich-dress.html |archive-date=September 16, 2021 |url-access=limited|title= A.O.C.'s Met Gala Designer Explains Her 'Tax the Rich' Dress|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 16, 2021|last=Testa|first=Jessica}}</ref> |
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In September 2021, the [[American Accountability Foundation]] filed an ethics complaint against Ocasio-Cortez for attending the Met Gala. The AAF claimed that her attendance amounted to accepting an illegal gift since her estimated $35,000 ticket was paid for by [[Condé Nast]], a for-profit company, not a charity.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Dartunorro |last=Clark |date=September 15, 2021 |access-date=February 14, 2023 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/conservative-group-files-ethics-complaint-against-aoc-attending-met-gala-n1279308 |title=Conservative group files ethics complaint against AOC for attending Met Gala |website=[[NBC News]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Stuti |last=Mishra |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-met-gala-dress-criticism-b1920415.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915112523/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-met-gala-dress-criticism-b1920415.html |archive-date=September 15, 2021 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=AOC hit with ethics complaint over Met Gala appearance as she fires back at critics|date=September 15, 2021|website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/572508-conservative-group-files-ethics-complaint-over-ocasio-cortez-appearance-at-met/ |title=Conservative Group Files Ethics Complaint over Ocasio-Cortez Appearance at Met Gala |first=Caroline |last=Vakil |newspaper=The Hill |date=September 15, 2021}}</ref> |
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===="The Squad"==== |
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{{Main|The Squad (United States Congress)}} |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a member of an informal group of progressive members of Congress called "[[The Squad (United States Congress)|The Squad]]", along with [[Ilhan Omar]], [[Ayanna Pressley]], [[Rashida Tlaib]], [[Cori Bush]] and [[Jamaal Bowman]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/for-ayanna-pressley-the-beauty-of-unexpected-wins-led-to-congress-and-a-historic-office/2019/01/15/61d04b5e-14fc-11e9-b6ad-9cfd62dbb0a8_story.html |title=For Ayanna Pressley, the beauty of unexpected wins led to Congress and a historic office |last=Epstein |first=Kayla |date=January 16, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-date=November 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115015611/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/for-ayanna-pressley-the-beauty-of-unexpected-wins-led-to-congress-and-a-historic-office/2019/01/15/61d04b5e-14fc-11e9-b6ad-9cfd62dbb0a8_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 14, 2019, Trump attacked the Squad (which had only four members at the time) in a tweet, saying that they should "go back and help fix" the countries they came from rather than criticize the American government.<ref name="BBC congresswomen">{{cite news |title=Trump to congresswomen of colour: Leave the US |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-48982172 |access-date=December 13, 2019 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=July 15, 2019 |archive-date=October 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003224200/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-48982172 |url-status=live }}</ref> He continued to make similar comments over the next several days, even though three of the women, including Ocasio-Cortez, were born in the United States. Ocasio-Cortez responded in a tweet that "the President's words [yesterday], telling four American Congresswomen of color 'go back to your own country' is [[Perpetual foreigner|hallmark language]] of [[white supremacy|white supremacists]]."<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1150746839790039040|user=AOC|author-link=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|last=Ocasio-Cortez|first=Alexandria|title=It's important to note that the President's words yday, telling four American Congresswomen of color "go back to your own country," is hallmark language of white supremacists. Trump feels comfortable leading the GOP into outright racism, and that should concern all Americans.}}</ref> She later added, "We don't leave the things that we love, and when we love this country, what that means is that we propose the solutions to fix it."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/15/741771445/trump-continues-twitter-assault-on-4-minority-congresswomen |title=Lawmakers Respond To Trump's Racist Comments: We Are Here To Stay |last=Naylor |first=Brian |date=July 15, 2019 |work=[[NPR]]|access-date=July 20, 2019 |archive-date=July 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720023645/https://www.npr.org/2019/07/15/741771445/trump-continues-twitter-assault-on-4-minority-congresswomen |url-status=live }}</ref> Days later, Trump falsely asserted that Ocasio-Cortez called "our country and our people 'garbage'"; she had actually said that Americans should not be content with moderate policies that are "10% better from garbage".<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 20, 2019 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/19/politics/fact-check-trump-aoc-garbage-omar-jews/index.html |title=Fact check: Trump falsely accuses Ocasio-Cortez of calling Americans 'garbage' |first=Daniel |last=Dale |website=[[CNN]]|access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721145719/https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/19/politics/fact-check-trump-aoc-garbage-omar-jews/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Trump also falsely claimed that Ocasio-Cortez said "illegal immigrants are more American" than Americans who tried to keep them out; she actually said that "women and children on that border that are trying to seek refuge and opportunity" in America "are acting more American" than those who tried to keep them out.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Greenberg |first1=Jon |last2=Sherman |first2=Amy |title=Fact-checking Trump's misleading attacks on Omar, Ocasio-Cortez in North Carolina |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2019/jul/18/fact-checking-trumps-misleading-attacks-omar-ocasi/ |date=July 18, 2019 |access-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=July 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722110015/https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2019/jul/18/fact-checking-trumps-misleading-attacks-omar-ocasi/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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====Green New Deal==== |
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{{Main|Green New Deal|Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal}} |
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[[File:116th United States Congress H. Res.0109 (1st session) - Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal.pdf|thumb|H. Res. 109: "Recognizing the duty of the Federal Government to create a Green New Deal"; the first piece of legislation authored by Ocasio-Cortez.]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez submitted her first piece of legislation, the Green New Deal, to the House on February 7, 2019. She and Senator [[Ed Markey]] released a joint [[non-binding resolution]] laying out the main elements of a 10-year "economic mobilization" that "would phase out fossil fuel use and overhaul the nation's infrastructure."<ref name=":4" /> Their plan called for implementing the "[[social cost of carbon]]" that was part of the Obama administration's plans to [[climate change mitigation|address climate change]]. In the process it aimed to create jobs.<ref name=":4">{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/green-new-deal-details/index.html |title=Ocasio-Cortez's Green New Deal: What's in it |first=Lydia |last=DePillis |date=February 7, 2019 |access-date=February 7, 2019 |website=[[CNN]] | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190207182351/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/green-new-deal-details/index.html | archive-date = February 7, 2019 | url-status=live}}</ref> According to CNBC, an initial outline the Green New Deal called for "completely ditching fossil fuels, upgrading or replacing 'every building' in the country and 'totally overhaul[ing] transportation' to the point where 'air travel stops becoming necessary'". The outline set a goal of having the U.S. "creating '[[Carbon neutrality|net zero]]' greenhouse gases in 10 years. Why 'net zero'? The lawmakers explained: 'We set a goal to get to net-zero, rather than zero emissions, in 10 years because we aren't sure that we'll be able to fully get rid of farting cows and airplanes that fast.'"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/07/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal-keeps-farting-cows-for-now.html |title=Does Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez really want to get rid of 'farting cows'? Not yet, at least |first=Kevin |last=Breuninger |date=February 7, 2019 |website=[[CNBC]]|access-date=December 3, 2020 |archive-date=November 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119080603/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/07/alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal-keeps-farting-cows-for-now.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Activist groups such as [[Green Peace|Greenpeace]] and the [[Sunrise Movement]] came out in favor of the plan. No Republican lawmakers voiced support.<ref name="FoxDemsDivided GND">{{cite news |last1=Quinn |first1=Liam |title=Dems divided on Green New Deal after Mitch McConnell ramps up pressure |date=February 14, 2019 |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/dems-remain-divided-on-green-new-deal-after-mitch-mcconnell-ramps-up-pressure |publisher=[[Fox News]] |access-date=February 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223063805/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/dems-remain-divided-on-green-new-deal-after-mitch-mcconnell-ramps-up-pressure |archive-date=February 23, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNNPelosiGND">{{cite news |last1=Cillizza |first1=Chris |title=Nancy Pelosi just threw some serious shade at Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's 'Green New Deal' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/pelosi-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-green-new-deal/index.html |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=February 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223095116/https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/pelosi-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-green-new-deal/index.html |archive-date=February 23, 2019 |url-status=live |date=February 8, 2019}}</ref> The plan gained support from some Democratic senators, including [[Elizabeth Warren]], [[Bernie Sanders]] and [[Cory Booker]];<ref name="Friedman 2019" /> other Democrats, such as Senator [[Dianne Feinstein]] and House speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]], dismissed the proposal (Pelosi has referred to it as "the green dream, or whatever they call it").<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aoc-climate-change-have-kids-children-1342853 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wonders whether Americans should stop having children in the face of climate change |first=Nicole |last=Goodkind |date=February 25, 2019 |website=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=December 3, 2020 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015834/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aoc-climate-change-have-kids-children-1342853 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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On March 26, Senate Republicans called for an early vote on the [[Green New Deal]] without allowing discussion or expert testimony. Markey said Republicans were trying to "make a mockery" of the [[Green New Deal]] debate and called the vote a "sham". In protest, Senate Democrats voted "present" or against the bill, resulting in a 57–0 defeat on the Senate floor.<ref name="GND_vote">{{Cite web |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/03/climate-change-which-democrats-oppose-green-new-deal/585802/ |title=The 3 Democrats Who Voted Against the Green New Deal |last=Meyer |first=Robinson |work=[[The Atlantic]] |quote=The Senate rejected the Green New Deal on Tuesday, in a decisive 57–0 vote that Democrats decried as a political stunt meant to divide their caucus. All the Republican senators opposed the measure. They were joined by four senators who caucus with the Democrats{{snd}}Senator Joe Manchin, from the coal-heavy state of West Virginia, along with Senators [[Kyrsten Sinema]] of Arizona, [[Doug Jones (politician)|Doug Jones]] of Alabama, and [[Angus King]] of Maine. |date=March 26, 2019 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327205713/https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/03/climate-change-which-democrats-oppose-green-new-deal/585802/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Joe |last1=Battenfield |title=Green New Fail as Dems shun GOP-forced vote on climate bill |url=https://www.bostonherald.com/2019/03/26/green-new-fail-as-dems-shun-gop-forced-vote-on-climate-bill/ |access-date=March 27, 2019 |work=[[Boston Herald]] |date=March 26, 2019 |quote=an early vote on the Green New Deal on Tuesday and not a single U.S. Senator, including the measure's sponsor, Massachusetts' Ed Markey{{snd}}signed on to the overly ambitious environmental overhaul |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327073926/https://www.bostonherald.com/2019/03/26/green-new-fail-as-dems-shun-gop-forced-vote-on-climate-bill/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In March 2019, a group of UK activists proposed that the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] adopt a similar plan, "Labour for a Green New Deal". The group said it was inspired by the [[Sunrise Movement]] and the work Ocasio-Cortez has done in the US.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Matthew |title=Labour members launch Green New Deal inspired by US activists |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/mar/22/labour-members-launch-green-new-deal-inspired-by-us-activists |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=April 16, 2019 |date=March 22, 2019 |archive-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410023451/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/mar/22/labour-members-launch-green-new-deal-inspired-by-us-activists |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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====Online harassment from Paul Gosar==== |
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{{main article|2021 Gosar-Cortez Twitter incident}} |
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In November 2021, Representative [[Paul Gosar]] posted a version of the [[title sequence]] of the [[anime]] series ''[[Attack on Titan (TV series)|Attack on Titan]]'' on social media that he had edited with the faces of Ocasio-Cortez, Joe Biden, and himself superimposed on the show's characters, depicting Gosar attacking them with swords and killing Ocasio-Cortez. Speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]] called for law enforcement and the [[United States House Committee on Ethics|House Ethics Committee]] to investigate it as a threat.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Clark |first1=Dartunorro |title=Twitter flags GOP lawmaker's anime video depicting him killing Ocasio-Cortez, attacking Biden as 'hateful conduct' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/gop-lawmaker-tweets-altered-anime-video-depicting-him-killing-ocasio-n1283527 |website=[[NBC News]]|access-date=November 25, 2021 |date=November 9, 2021 }}</ref> |
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Pelosi opened discussion on the House floor saying that Gosar's actions demanded a response. "We cannot have members joking about murdering each other or threatening the president of the United States. This is both an indictment of our elected officials and an insult to the institution of the House of Representatives. It's not just about us as members of Congress. It is a danger that it represents to everyone in the country."<ref>{{cite web |title=House votes to censure GOP Rep. Gosar, remove him from committees over violent video |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/house-plans-vote-wednesday-censure-gop-rep-gosar/story?id=81212617 |website=[[ABC News]] |date=November 17, 2021 |first1=Mariam |last1=Khan |first2=Libby |last2=Cathey |first3=Benjamin |last3=Siegel |first4=Trish |last4=Turner |access-date=November 25, 2021}}</ref> |
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When Republican House members refused to condemn the video, Ocasio-Cortez responded that she believed the video was "part of a pattern that normalizes violence", adding, "I believe this is a part of a concerted strategy and I think it's very important for us to draw a strict line a strong line for material consequence". She gave a six-minute floor speech, saying, "This is not about me. This is not about Representative Gosar. This is about what we're willing to accept." The House voted to censure Gosar, mostly along party lines. The last time the House censured a lawmaker was in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez fires back at GOP over Gosar's violent video |url=https://edition.cnn.com/videos/politics/2021/11/17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-rep-gosar-violent-video-house-floor-sot-nr-vpx.cnn |website=[[CNN]]|date=November 17, 2021 |access-date=November 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Walsh |first1=Deirdre |title=Rep. Gosar is censured over an anime video depicts him killing AOC |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/11/17/1056397130/rep-gosar-faces-censure-over-an-anime-video-of-himself-killing-aoc |website=[[NPR]]|access-date=November 25, 2021 |date=November 17, 2021 }}</ref> |
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==== Verbal harassment from Ted Yoho ==== |
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{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LI4ueUtkRQ0 Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) Responds to Rep. Ted Yoho (R-FL)], [[C-SPAN]], 10:24, July 23, 2020}} |
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On July 20, 2020, Republican representatives [[Ted Yoho]] and [[Roger Williams (Texas politician)|Roger Williams]] accosted Ocasio-Cortez on the steps of the Capitol, where Yoho (as overheard by a journalist) called her "disgusting" and told her, "You are out of your freaking mind" for recently suggesting that poverty and unemployment were driving a spike in crime in [[New York City]] during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] amid her ongoing advocacy for cutting police budgets. Ocasio-Cortez told Yoho he was being "rude". As Ocasio-Cortez walked away from Yoho into the Capitol, Yoho called her a "fucking bitch".<ref>{{cite news |first=Mike |last=Lillis |date=July 21, 2020 |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/508259-ocaasio-cortez-accosted-by-gop-lawmaker-over-remarks-that-kind-of/|title= Ocasio-Cortez accosted by GOP lawmaker over remarks: 'That kind of confrontation hasn't ever happened to me'|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|access-date= July 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2020/07/21/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ted-yoho-confrontation-sot-vpx-nr.cnn/video/playlists/this-week-in-politics/ |date=July 21, 2020 |title=Lawmaker reportedly verbally accosts Ocasio-Cortez |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=July 22, 2020 |archive-date=July 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722023640/https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2020/07/21/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ted-yoho-confrontation-sot-vpx-nr.cnn/video/playlists/this-week-in-politics/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Yoho [[wikisource:On the strife I injected|addressed the matter on the House floor]] and, without naming Ocasio-Cortez, apologized for the "abrupt manner of the conversation" with her, claiming that "offensive name calling, words attributed to me by the press, were never spoken to my colleagues", and concluding: "I cannot apologize for my passion".<ref>{{cite news |date=July 22, 2020 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/gop-congressman-offers-semi-apology-aoc-after-she-says-he-n1234585 |first=Allan |last=Smith |title=GOP congressman offers semi-apology to AOC after she says he called her 'disgusting' and 'crazy' |website=[[NBC News]] |access-date=July 22, 2020 |archive-date=July 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722164243/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/gop-congressman-offers-semi-apology-aoc-after-she-says-he-n1234585 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=July 22, 2020 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/us/politics/aoc-yoho.html |first=Luke |last=Broadwater |title=Ocasio-Cortez Upbraids Republican After He Denies Vulgarly Insulting Her |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=June 17, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205743/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/us/politics/aoc-yoho.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez [[wikisource:The incident this week|responded]] with a speech stating that the incident was emblematic of a "culture ... accepting of violence and violent language against women ... In using that language, in front of the press, he gave permission to use that language against his wife, his daughters, women in his community, and I am here to stand up to say that is not acceptable."<ref>{{cite web|date=July 23, 2020|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez denounces 'sexist slur by congressman'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53521143|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723204209/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53521143|archive-date=July 23, 2020|access-date=July 23, 2020|website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Barbara |last=Sprunt |date=July 23, 2020 |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/07/23/894596598/i-could-not-allow-that-to-stand-ocasio-cortez-rebukes-republican-for-vulgar-insu |title='I Could Not Allow That To Stand': Ocasio-Cortez Rebukes Republican For Vulgar Insult |website=[[NPR]] |access-date=July 23, 2020 |archive-date=July 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723163707/https://www.npr.org/2020/07/23/894596598/i-could-not-allow-that-to-stand-ocasio-cortez-rebukes-republican-for-vulgar-insu |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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==== Reaction to Andrew Cuomo scandals ==== |
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{{main|New York COVID-19 nursing home scandal}} |
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In April 2020, Ocasio-Cortez was one of 77 representatives to call for public reports of data regarding COVID-19 cases in nursing homes and long-term care facilities.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cohen |first1=Jason |title=New York congresswoman wants COVID nursing home fatalities released to the public |url=https://www.bxtimes.com/new-york-congresswoman-wants-covid-nursing-home-fatalities-released-to-the-public/ |access-date=March 13, 2021 |work=[[Bronx Times]] |date=April 21, 2020}}</ref> In March 2021, Ocasio-Cortez and Representative [[Jamaal Bowman]] called for New York governor Andrew Cuomo to resign, citing the [[Andrew Cuomo sexual harassment allegations|sexual misconduct allegations]] against him, as well as the [[New York COVID-19 nursing home scandal]] about the Cuomo administration's reported undercounting of COVID-19 nursing home deaths.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Katersky |first1=Aaron |last2=Lenthang |first2=Marlene |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Chuck Schumer, other NY political leaders call for Cuomo to resign |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/aoc-nadler-ny-leaders-call-cuomo-resignation-wake/story?id=76415698 |access-date=March 13, 2021 |work=[[ABC News]] |date=March 13, 2021}}</ref> |
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==== January 6 Capitol attack ==== |
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{{main|January 6 United States Capitol attack}} |
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In a nearly 90-minute [[Instagram Live]] video made in February 2021,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/02/02/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-shared-her-personal-story-revealed-our-collective-trauma/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez shared her personal story and revealed our collective trauma|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|last=Givhan|first=Robin|date=February 2, 2021|access-date=February 3, 2021|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203005055/https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/02/02/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-shared-her-personal-story-revealed-our-collective-trauma/|url-status=live }}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez said that she had previously experienced [[sexual assault]], and recounted her experience of fear during the [[2021 storming of the United States Capitol]], when she was in her office (in the [[Cannon House Office Building]]).<ref>{{Cite news|last=McCarthy|first=Bill|date=February 4, 2021|title=Ask PolitiFact: Where was Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez during the Capitol riot?|work=[[The Poynter Institute]]|url=https://www.politifact.com/article/2021/feb/04/ask-politifact-where-was-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-/|access-date=April 5, 2021}}</ref> She said she had hidden in her office bathroom before being startled by a Capitol Police officer who entered her office suite and shouted "Where is she?" before ordering her and her staff to evacuate to a different House Office Building. Ocasio-Cortez said the officer did not self-identify, and said she first believed the officer's voice was that of an attacker. She described sheltering in place in Representative [[Katie Porter]]'s office and preparing for what she believed would be an assault by rioters on their offices.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Peiser|first=Jaclyn|date=February 2, 2021|title=Ocasio-Cortez reveals she's a sexual assault survivor, recounts 'trauma' of Capitol riot: 'I thought everything was over'|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/02/01/aoc-instagram-capitol-riot/|access-date=February 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fact check: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez did not claim that she was in the Capitol during siege, nor that rioters entered her office |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-aoc-instagram-live-video-idUSKBN2A51RK |access-date=February 24, 2021 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=February 5, 2021}}</ref> She said, "I had a very close encounter where I thought I was going to die."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sprunt|first=Barbara|date=February 2, 2021|title='Many Of Us Narrowly Escaped Death': Rep. Ocasio-Cortez Recounts Capitol Insurrection|work=[[NPR]]|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/trump-impeachment-effort-live-updates/2021/01/13/956398483/many-of-us-narrowly-escaped-death-rep-ocasio-cortez-recounts-capitol-insurrectio|access-date=April 5, 2021}}</ref> |
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==== Other issues ==== |
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[[File:President Joe Biden tours New Jersey and New York (03).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez looks on as President [[Joe Biden]] speaks about the administration's response to [[Hurricane Ida]] on September 7, 2021]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez reacted to the [[2021 Texas power crisis]] by organizing a fundraiser to provide food, water, and shelter to affected Texans. The fundraiser, which began on February 18, raised $2{{spaces}}million in its first day<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez raises more than $2 million to help Texans recover from nightmare winter storm|last1=Homer|first1=Michelle |date=February 19, 2021 |url=https://www.khou.com/article/news/local/texas/people-nationwide-donate-more-than-2-million-to-help-texans-recover-from-nightmare-winter-storm/285-92d8fb77-a3ba-46f8-8265-fcd807a20f6a |access-date=February 20, 2021 |website=[[KHOU]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Shalvey |date=February 21, 2021 |first1=Kevin| title=AOC doubled her fundraising total for Texas storm victims to $4 million, as she joined fellow lawmakers in Houston to continue relief efforts | website=[[Business Insider]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/aoc-texas-fundraiser-doubled-4-million-as-lawmakers-tour-houston-2021-2 | access-date=February 22, 2021}}</ref> and $5{{spaces}}million by February 21.<ref name=DeBenedetto>{{cite news |last1=DeBenedetto |first1=Paul |last2=Ernst |first2=Sara |title=Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Raises $5 Million For Texas Winter Storm Relief |url=https://www.houstonpublicmedia.org/articles/news/weather/2021/02/20/391907/rep-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-visits-houston-food-bank-after-raising-3-million-for-texas-winter-storm-relief/ |access-date=February 24, 2021 |work=[[KUHT|Houston Public Media]] |date=February 22, 2021}}</ref> The money was given to organizations such as the [[Houston Food Bank]] and the [[North Texas Food Bank]].<ref name=DeBenedetto/> Ocasio-Cortez also traveled to Houston to help volunteers with recovery.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Janowski |first=Elizabeth |date=February 19, 2021 |title=AOC raises over $3M for Texas relief, heads to Houston after blasting Cruz for Mexico trip |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/aoc-raises-2m-texas-relief-heads-houston-after-blasting-cruz-n1258389 |access-date=February 21, 2021 |website=[[ABC News]] }}</ref> |
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On April 15, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez and three other senators called a press conference to announce a bill that they had introduced to implement [[postal banking]] pilot programs in rural and low-income urban neighborhoods where millions of households cannot access or afford standard banking services. Ocasio-Cortez described the families she sees in her urban community who need to rely on check cashing companies that charge exorbitant interest rates due to the absence of mainstream banks. "They'll show up to a check cashing place and imagine cashing your stimulus check...and having 10 to 20% of that check taken away from you."<ref name="PBS News Hour">{{cite news |title=WATCH: Sen. Gillibrand, Rep. Ocasio-Cortez hold news conference on postal banking |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVAJS6JeDWs |access-date=April 23, 2021 |publisher=[[PBS NewsHour]] |date=April 15, 2021}}</ref> |
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On November 5, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez was one of six House Democrats to break with their party and vote against the [[Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act]], as it was decoupled from the social safety net provisions in the [[Build Back Better Act]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Annie Grayer|title=These 6 House Democrats voted against the infrastructure bill. These 13 Republicans voted for it.|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/11/05/politics/infrastructure-bill-house-democrats-voted-no-republicans-voted-yes/index.html|access-date=November 6, 2021|website=[[CNN]]|date=November 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=House Passes $1 Trillion Infrastructure Bill, Putting Social Policy Bill on Hold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/05/us/politics/house-infrastructure-reconciliation.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/05/us/politics/house-infrastructure-reconciliation.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021 |url-access=limited |last1=Weisman |first1=Jonathan |last2=Cochrane |first2=Emily |last3=Edmondson |first3=Catie |date=November 7, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 8, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
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In September 2022, Ocasio-Cortez was asked about running for president. She said, "I hold two contradictory things [in mind] at the same time. One is just the relentless belief that anything is possible. But at the same time, my experience here has given me a front-row seat to how deeply and unconsciously, as well as consciously, so many people in this country hate women. And they hate women of color. People ask me questions about the future. And realistically, I can't even tell you if I'm going to be alive in September [of 2022]. And that weighs very heavily on me. And it's not just the right wing. Misogyny transcends political ideology: left, right, center."<ref>{{cite news |last=Lowery |first=Wesley |authorlink=Wesley Lowery |url=https://www.gq.com/story/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-october-cover-profile |title=AOC |work=[[GQ]] |date=September 8, 2022 |accessdate=September 8, 2022 }}</ref> |
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In January 2024, the U.S. and other countries cut funding to the [[UNRWA|United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East]] (UNRWA) over intelligence reports that certain UNRWA staff members supported [[Hamas]] during the [[2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel]] and participated in the attack.<ref name="CBS">{{cite web |title=Israeli intelligence docs detail alleged UNRWA staff links to Hamas, including 12 accused in Oct. 7 attack |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/israel-hamas-unrwa-un-staff-intelligence-dossier-oct-7-terror-attack/ |website=[[CBS News]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] (AP) and [[CBS]] |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240129200149/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/israel-hamas-unrwa-un-staff-intelligence-dossier-oct-7-terror-attack/ |archive-date=29 January 2024 |location=[[Tel Aviv]], [[Israel]] |format=[[Article (publishing)|News article]] |date=29 January 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> On January 29, Ocasio-Cortez acknowledged the reports, but also said that cutting funding to UNRWA was "unacceptable" and that the U.S. "should restore aid immediately".<ref name="Jan29">{{cite web |last1=Ocasio-Cortez |first1=Alexandria |title=Cutting off support to @UNRWA - the primary source of humanitarian aid to 2 million+ Gazans - is unacceptable. |url=https://twitter.com/AOC/status/1751962808378421696 |website=[[Twitter|𝕏]] (Formerly [[Twitter]]) |publisher=@AOC |access-date=29 January 2024 |format=Post on [[Twitter|𝕏]] |date=29 January 2024 |quote=Cutting off support to @UNRWA - the primary source of humanitarian aid to 2 million+ Gazans - is unacceptable. Among an organization of 13,000 UN aid workers, risking the starvation of millions over grave allegations of 12 is indefensible. The US should restore aid immediately.}}</ref> |
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===Committee assignments=== |
===Committee assignments=== |
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*[[United States House Committee on Oversight and Accountability|Committee on Oversight and Accountability]]'''<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-join-oversight-committee-1120002 |title=Ocasio-Cortez and liberal freshmen join Oversight Committee |work=[[Politico]]|date=January 22, 2019 |first=Andrew |last=Desiderio |author2=Heather Caygle|access-date=January 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123101811/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-join-oversight-committee-1120002 |archive-date=January 23, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>''' (Vice Ranking Member, 2023–present) |
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**[[United States House Oversight Subcommittee on Health Care and Financial Services|Subcommittee on Health Care and Financial Services]] |
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**[[United States House Oversight Subcommittee on National Security, the Border and Foreign Affairs|Subcommittee on National Security, the Border, and Foreign Affairs]] |
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*[[United States House Committee on Natural Resources|Committee on Natural Resources]] |
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**[[United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources|Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources]] (Ranking Member, 2023–present) |
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===Caucus memberships=== |
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*[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/policy/finance/425551-ocasio-cortez-to-join-house-panel-overseeing-financial-sector|title=Ocasio-Cortez to join House panel overseeing financial sector|work=The Hill|date=January 15, 2019|author=Sylvan Lane|author2=Scott Wong|access-date=January 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116045547/https://thehill.com/policy/finance/425551-ocasio-cortez-to-join-house-panel-overseeing-financial-sector|archive-date=January 16, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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*[[Congressional Progressive Caucus]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 13, 2012|title=Committees and Caucuses|url=https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov/about/committees-and-caucuses|access-date=March 8, 2021|website=Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|language=en}}</ref>'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Caucus Membrs|url=https://progressives.house.gov/caucus-members|publisher=US House of Representatives|access-date=January 3, 2021|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114215407/https://progressives.house.gov/caucus-members|url-status=live}}</ref>''' |
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*[[United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform|Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-join-oversight-committee-1120002|title=Ocasio-Cortez and liberal freshmen join Oversight Committee|work=Politico|date=January 22, 2019|author=Andrew Desiderio|author2=Heather Caygle|access-date=January 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123101811/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-join-oversight-committee-1120002|archive-date=January 23, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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* House Pro-Choice Caucus<ref>{{cite web | url=https://houseprochoicecaucus-degette.house.gov/about-pcc/members | title=Members | newspaper=House Pro Choice Caucus | date=August 19, 2021 }}</ref> |
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{{clear}} |
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== |
==Political positions== |
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Ocasio-Cortez has been described as [[Progressivism|progressive]],<ref name="progressive-bundle">Sources describing Ocasio-Cortez as "progressive" include: |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a self-described [[democratic socialist]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/01/democratic-socialists-ocasio-cortez-689647|title=Ocasio-Cortez discusses 'Democratic Socialist' label|last=Kullgren|first=Ian|date=July 1, 2018|work=POLITICO |access-date=July 16, 2018|quote="Democratic congressional nominee Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez said Sunday she embraces the 'Democratic Socialist' label but doesn't want to force other Democrats to do the same. 'It's part of what I am; it's not all of what I am,' Ocasio-Cortez said on 'Meet the Press' on NBC. 'And I think that's a very important distinction.'" |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716111701/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/01/democratic-socialists-ocasio-cortez-689647 |archive-date=July 16, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref> and member of the [[Democratic Socialists of America]].<ref name=vox_2018-06-27>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/27/17509604/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-democratic-socialist-of-america|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a Democratic Socialists of America member. Here's what that means.|work=Vox|date=June 27, 2018|access-date=December 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203055430/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/27/17509604/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-democratic-socialist-of-america|archive-date=December 3, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> She believes capitalism will gradually be replaced. In response to a question about democratic socialism ultimately calling for an end to capitalism during a ''[[Firing Line (TV series)|Firing Line]]'' interview on [[PBS]], she answered: "Ultimately, we are marching towards progress on this issue. I do think that we are going to see an evolution in our economic system of an unprecedented degree, and it’s hard to say what direction that that takes."<ref>{{cite interview |last= |first= |subject-link= |interviewer= |title= Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|url= https://www.pbs.org/video/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-barhhq/|publisher= PBS|location= |date= July 13, 2018|work= |access-date= February 23, 2019}}</ref> |
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*{{Cite news |last=Luscombe |first=Richard |date=2022-02-15 |title=Ocasio-Cortez: 'Very real risk' US democracy won't exist in 10 years |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/feb/15/aoc-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-democracy |access-date=2024-03-12 |work=[[The Guardian]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |date=2023-08-03 |title=Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, other progressives to visit left-ruled Latin American nations |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2023-08-03/progressive-democrats-making-pilgrimage-to-latin-americas-leading-leftist-nations |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Caroline |date=2019-04-15 |title=Pelosi calls AOC's progressive wing 'like, five people' {{!}} CNN Politics |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/14/politics/pelosi-aoc-60-minutes/index.html |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> [[left-wing]],<ref name="left-wing-bundle">Sources describing Ocasio-Cortez as "left-wing" include: |
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*{{Cite web |date=2019-03-10 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez takes aim at the 'worship' of 'meh' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-outdraws-presidential-candidates-decries-moderates-meh-n981451 |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=[[NBC News]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |date=2024-03-09 |title=Left-wing AOC was with her fiancé at a Brooklyn cinema when pro-Palestine supporters accosted her, demanding she say the word 'genocide' |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/left-wing-aoc-her-fianc-123656746.html |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=[[Yahoo News]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |date=2018-08-11 |title='The US establishment thinks Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is too radical – with an impending climate disaster, the worry is she isn't radical enough' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bernie-sanders-democratic-socialism-capitalism-slavoj-zizek-a8485961.html |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> [[left-wing populist]],<ref name="left-wing-populist-bundle">Sources describing Ocasio-Cortez as "left-wing populist" include: |
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*{{Cite web |last=Kirchner |first=Stephen |title=Lessons from quantitative easing in the United States: A guide for Australian policymakers |url=https://www.ussc.edu.au/lessons-from-quantitative-easing-in-the-united-states-a-guide-for-australian-policymakers |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.ussc.edu.au}} |
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*{{Cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/2020/8/21/21395848/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-future-of-left-aoc-bernie-dsa-working-families-party|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and the future of the left|date=22 August 2020|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|first=Aaron |last=Ross Coleman |access-date=4 March 2021}} |
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*{{Cite news |title=What Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's victory says about Democrats' future |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2018/0628/What-Alexandria-Ocasio-Cortez-s-victory-says-about-Democrats-future |access-date=2024-03-12 |work=[[Christian Science Monitor]] |issn=0882-7729}} |
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*{{Cite book |last1=Rhodes-Purdy |first1=Matthew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cICwEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22left+wing+populists+like+alexandria%22&pg=PA48 |title=The Age of Discontent: Populism, Extremism, and Conspiracy Theories in Contemporary Democracies |last2=Navarre |first2=Rachel |last3=Utych |first3=Stephen |date=2023-03-09 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-009-27941-3}} |
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</ref> and [[far-left]].<ref name="far-left-bundle">Sources describing Ocasio-Cortez as "far-left" include: |
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*{{Cite web |last=Belvedere |first=Matthew J. |date=2019-07-05 |title=Biden suggests Ocasio-Cortez's far-left politics won't play in a general election against Trump |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/05/biden-ocasio-cortez-far-left-politics-will-not-play-against-trump.html |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[CNBC]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Ehrlich |first=Jamie |date=2019-07-07 |title=AOC hits back at Pelosi for knocking far-left lawmakers who voted against border bill {{!}} CNN Politics |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/07/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-nancy-pelosi-border-funding-bill/index.html |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[CNN]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Lillis |first=Mike |date=2022-02-14 |title=Ocasio-Cortez laments 'sh– show' of Congress |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/594183-ocasio-cortez-laments-sh-show-of-congress/ |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Bauder |first=David |date=2019-03-11 |title=Hero or villain, Ocasio-Cortez remains a media fixation |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/hero-or-villain-ocasio-cortez-remains-a-media-fixation/ |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[The Seattle Times]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Litvan |first=Laura |date=2019-07-13 |title=Ocasio-Cortez and Her Liberal Blessing Sought by 2020 Democrats - BNN Bloomberg |url=https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/ocasio-cortez-and-her-liberal-blessing-sought-by-2020-democrats-1.1286685 |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[BNN Bloomberg]]}} |
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*{{Cite web |last=Zoellner |first=Danielle |date=2020-02-21 |title=AOC launches plan to block non-progressive Democrats with all-female candidates |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-election/aoc-democrats-progressive-campaign-ocasio-cortez-candidates-a9350606.html |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> |
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She is a member of the [[Democratic Socialists of America]]<ref name=vox_2018-06-27>{{Cite news |first=Jennie |last=Neufeld |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/27/17509604/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-democratic-socialist-of-america |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a Democratic Socialists of America member. Here's what that means. |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|date=June 27, 2018|access-date=December 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203055430/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/27/17509604/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-democratic-socialist-of-america|archive-date=December 3, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and embraces the [[democratic socialist]] label as part of her political identity. In an interview on NBC's ''Meet the Press'', she described democratic socialism as "part of what I am. It's not all of what I am. And I think that that's a very important distinction."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/01/democratic-socialists-ocasio-cortez-689647 |title=Ocasio-Cortez discusses 'Democratic Socialist' label |last=Kullgren |first=Ian |date=July 1, 2018 |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=July 16, 2018 |quote=Democratic congressional nominee Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez said Sunday she embraces the 'Democratic Socialist' label but doesn't want to force other Democrats to do the same. 'It's part of what I am; it's not all of what I am,' she said on 'Meet the Press' on NBC. 'And I think that's a very important distinction.' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716111701/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/01/democratic-socialists-ocasio-cortez-689647 |archive-date=July 16, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> In response to a question about democratic socialism ultimately calling for an end to [[capitalism]] during a ''[[Firing Line (TV series)|Firing Line]]'' interview on [[PBS]], she answered: "Ultimately, we are marching towards progress on this issue. I do think that we are going to see an evolution in our economic system of an unprecedented degree, and it's hard to say what direction that that takes."<ref name=hoover>{{cite interview |first=Alexandria |last=Ocasio-Cortez |interviewer=[[Margaret Hoover]] |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |url=https://www.pbs.org/video/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-barhhq/ |publisher=PBS |date=July 13, 2018|access-date= February 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717083844/https://www.pbs.org/video/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-barhhq/ |archive-date=July 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Later at a conference she said "To me, capitalism is irredeemable."<ref>{{Cite news |first=Michael |last=Burke |date=March 10, 2019 |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/433394-ocasio-cortez-capitalism-is-irredeemable/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez: 'Capitalism is irredeemable' |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] | access-date=April 5, 2021}}</ref> |
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She rejects the policies of Cuba, the USSR and Venezuela, and favors policies that "most closely resemble what we see in the U.K., in Norway, in Finland, in Sweden."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-rookie-congresswoman-challenging-the-democratic-establishment-60-minutes-interview-full-transcript-2019-01-06/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: The Rookie Congresswoman Challenging the Democratic Establishment|author=Anderson Cooper|date=January 6, 2019|work=CBS 60 Minutes|access-date=January 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112183040/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-rookie-congresswoman-challenging-the-democratic-establishment-60-minutes-interview-full-transcript-2019-01-06/|archive-date=January 12, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-sweden-overcame-socialism-11547078767|title=How Sweden Overcame Socialism|work=Wall Street Journal|author=Jesús Fernández-Villaverde|author2=Lee E. Ohanian|date=January 9, 2019|access-date=January 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115211500/https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-sweden-overcame-socialism-11547078767|archive-date=January 15, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez supports [[Progressivism in the United States#Progressivism in the 21st century|progressive]] |
Ocasio-Cortez supports [[Progressivism in the United States#Progressivism in the 21st century|progressive]] ideals such as [[workplace democracy]],<ref name=":2" /> [[single-payer healthcare|single-payer Medicare for All]], [[Tuition-free college|tuition-free public college and trade school]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaufman |first1=Dan |title=Progressive Populism Can Save Us From Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/07/opinion/sunday/progressive-populism-wisconsin-trump.html |access-date=January 20, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=July 7, 2018 |quote=The recent primary upset of Joe Crowley, the fourth-ranking Democrat in the House, by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, showcased the electoral strength of her platform, which included single-payer health insurance and tuition-free college and trade school. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101041203/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/07/opinion/sunday/progressive-populism-wisconsin-trump.html |archive-date=January 1, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> a federal [[job guarantee]],<ref name="Jeff Stein campaigning">{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/06/27/ocasio-cortez-beat-joe-crowley-campaigning-on-medicare-for-all-guaranteed-jobs-and-abolishing-ice/ |title=Analysis {{!}} What Ocasio-Cortez wants for America after beating Joe Crowley|last=Stein|first=Jeff|date=June 27, 2018|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627144323/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/06/27/ocasio-cortez-beat-joe-crowley-campaigning-on-medicare-for-all-guaranteed-jobs-and-abolishing-ice/|archive-date=June 27, 2018|url-status=live |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> the cancellation of all $1.6{{spaces}}trillion of outstanding [[student debt]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Cummings |first=William |date=June 24, 2019 |title=Bernie Sanders unveils plan to forgive $1.6 trillion in student loan debt |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/06/24/bernie-sanders-student-loan-debt-proposal/1544864001/ |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=June 25, 2019 |archive-date=June 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624234220/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2019/06/24/bernie-sanders-student-loan-debt-proposal/1544864001/ |url-status=live }}</ref> guaranteed family leave,<ref name="Suderman 2018">{{cite news |last1=Suderman |first1=Peter |title=How Republican Hypocrisy Lifts Social Democrats |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/02/opinion/social-democrats-republicans-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-.html |access-date=January 20, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 2, 2018 |quote=Although true-blooded socialists{{snd}}Democratic Socialists, to be precise{{snd}}remain a relatively small niche within the Democratic Party, they are having a visible impact on the party's agenda, with nearly every likely 2020 presidential contender embracing Medicare for all. Bernie Sanders's 2016 campaign galvanized progressive support for the idea of Democratic Socialism, and this year, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has embraced not only the label but also a blue-sky vision of American socialism{{snd}}free public college, a jobs guarantee, guaranteed family leave and more{{snd}}unbound by moderate liberal worries about government overreach or overspending. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121121909/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/02/opinion/social-democrats-republicans-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-.html |archive-date=January 21, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> abolishing [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Goldmacher |first1=Shane |title=An Upset in the Making: Why Joe Crowley Never Saw Defeat Coming |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-crowley-primary-upset.html |access-date=January 20, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 27, 2018 |quote=She drew support for her progressive platform that included abolishing the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency, Medicare for all and a federal jobs guarantee. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119144352/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/nyregion/ocasio-cortez-crowley-primary-upset.html |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> ending the [[Incarceration in the United States#Privatization|privatization of prisons]], enacting [[Gun politics in the United States|gun-control policies]],<ref name="Vox - top house democrat">{{Cite news |first=Kay |last=Steiger |date=June 27, 2018 |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/26/17506970/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york |title=A top House Democrat just lost his primary – to a socialist |publisher=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] | access-date=June 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627023114/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/6/26/17506970/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-joe-crowley-primary-new-york |archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> and energy policy relying on 100% renewables.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Krieg |first=Gregory |date=January 8, 2019 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, activist groups map out next steps in Green New Deal fight |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/08/politics/ocasio-cortez-sunrise-justice-democrats-green-new-deal-next-steps/index.html |url-status=live |access-date=January 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116100457/https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/08/politics/ocasio-cortez-sunrise-justice-democrats-green-new-deal-next-steps/index.html |archive-date=January 16, 2019 |quote=The idea of a Green New Deal has, in just a few months, become a central piece of Ocasio-Cortez's agenda and attracted the attention of ambitious national Democrats.}}</ref> She told [[Anderson Cooper]] that she favors policies that "most closely resemble what we see in the UK, in Norway, in Finland, in Sweden".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-rookie-congresswoman-challenging-the-democratic-establishment-60-minutes-interview-full-transcript-2019-01-06/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: The Rookie Congresswoman Challenging the Democratic Establishment |author-link=Anderson Cooper |first=Anderson |last=Cooper |date=January 6, 2019 |work=CBS 60 Minutes|access-date=January 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112183040/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-rookie-congresswoman-challenging-the-democratic-establishment-60-minutes-interview-full-transcript-2019-01-06/|archive-date=January 12, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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===Economic policy=== |
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Ocasio-Cortez is open to using [[Modern Monetary Theory]] (MMT), a [[Heterodox economics|heterodox]] economic theory with little support among [[Mainstream economics|mainstream academics]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019|title=Modern Monetary Theory|url=https://www.igmchicago.org/surveys/modern-monetary-theory/|website=[[Initiative on Global Markets]]|publisher=[[University of Chicago]]}}</ref> as an economic pathway to fund and enable implementation of her policy goals.<ref name=deficit /> Ocasio-Cortez was among the 46 House Democrats who voted against final passage of the [[Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/4029522-republicans-and-democrats-who-bucked-party-leaders-by-voting-no/|title=Republicans and Democrats who bucked party leaders by voting no|first=Jared|last=Gans|date=May 31, 2023|access-date=June 6, 2023|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez has called for reducing defense spending.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Jeff |last1=Stein |first2=Aaron |last2=Gregg |date=April 18, 2019 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/us-policy/2019/04/18/us-military-spending-set-increase-fifth-consecutive-year-nearing-levels-during-height-iraq-war/ |title=U.S. military spending set to increase for fifth consecutive year, nearing levels during height of Iraq war |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=August 21, 2023 }}</ref> In December 2022, she was the only House Democrat to vote against an omnibus spending package because of increased funding for defense and federal agencies that oversee immigration.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Mychael |last=Schnell |date=December 23, 2022 |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3786827-ocasio-cortez-only-democrat-to-vote-no-on-spending-package/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez only Democrat to vote 'no' on spending package |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=August 21, 2023 }}</ref> |
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[[File:GreenNewDeal Presser 020719 (26 of 85) (46105848855).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez (center) speaks on a Green New Deal with Senator Ed Markey (right) in front of the Capitol Building in February 2019]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez has called for "more environmental hardliners in Congress",<ref name=InTheseTimes>{{Cite news| issn = 0160-5992| last = Aronoff| first = Kate| title = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on Why She Wants to Abolish ICE and Upend the Democratic Party| work = In These Times| accessdate = January 27, 2019| date = June 25, 2018| url = http://inthesetimes.com/article/21236/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ice-new-york-cynthia-nixon-democrats}}</ref> describing [[climate change]] as "the single biggest national security threat for the United States and the single biggest threat to worldwide industrialized civilization".<ref name=CampaignWeb>{{cite web| last = Ocasio-Cortez| first = Alexandria| title = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Platform: Mobilizing Against Climate Change| work = Ocasio2018.com (campaign website)| accessdate = January 27, 2019| date = 2018| url = https://ocasio2018.com/issues}}</ref> She advocates for the United States to transition to an electrical grid running on 100% [[renewable energy]]<ref name="Friedman 2019">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/08/opinion/green-new-deal.html|title=The Green New Deal Rises Again|last1=Friedman|first1=Thomas|date=January 8, 2019|work=The New York Times|accessdate=January 20, 2019|quote=The Green New Deal that Ocasio-Cortez has laid out aspires to power the U.S. economy with 100 percent renewable energy within 12 years and calls for “a job guarantee program to assure a living wage job to every person who wants one,” “basic income programs” and “universal health care,” financed, at least in part, by higher taxes on the wealthy.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119220237/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/08/opinion/green-new-deal.html|archive-date=January 19, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> and to end the use of [[fossil fuel]]s within 10 years. The changes would be financed in part by higher taxes on the wealthy. The plan, called the [[Green New Deal]], has gained support from some Democratic senators, including [[Elizabeth Warren]], [[Bernie Sanders]] and [[Cory Booker]];<ref name="Friedman 2019" /> other Democrats, such as [[Dianne Feinstein]], House Speaker [[Nancy Pelosi]], and Chairman of the [[United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce|House Energy and Commerce Committee]] [[Frank Pallone]], have expressed opposition. Activist groups such as [[Green Peace|Greenpeace]] and the [[Sunrise Movement]] have also come out in favor of the Green New Deal. No Republican lawmakers have voiced support.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/417843-five-things-to-know-about-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal|title=Five things to know about Ocasio-Cortez's 'Green New Deal'|last1=Cama|first1=Timothy|website=The Hill|accessdate=November 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126140623/https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/417843-five-things-to-know-about-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal|archive-date=November 26, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="FoxDemsDivided GND">{{cite web |last1=Quinn |first1=Liam |title=Dems divided on Green New Deal after Mitch McConnell ramps up pressure |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/dems-remain-divided-on-green-new-deal-after-mitch-mcconnell-ramps-up-pressure |website=Fox |accessdate=23 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="CNNPelosiGND">{{cite web |last1=Cillizza |first1=Chris |title=Nancy Pelosi just threw some serious shade at Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's 'Green New Deal' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/pelosi-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-green-new-deal/index.html |website=CNN |accessdate=23 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sunrisemovement.org/gnd/|title=Sunrise Movement Green New Deal|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228130857/https://www.sunrisemovement.org/gnd/|archive-date=December 28, 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=}}</ref> |
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In late 2020, Ocasio-Cortez and Rashida Tlaib proposed a public banking bill to encourage creation of state and local public banks by giving them access to facilities from the [[Federal Reserve]] and setting national guidelines on public banking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stewart|first=Emily|date=October 30, 2020|title=Exclusive: Rashida Tlaib and AOC have a proposal for a fairer, greener financial system – public banking|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/21541113/rashida-tlaib-aoc-public-banking-act|url-status=live|access-date=November 2, 2020|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101171658/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/21541113/rashida-tlaib-aoc-public-banking-act}}</ref> In April 2021, Ocasio-Cortez announced a bill that she and three senators had introduced to implement postal banking pilot programs in rural and low-income urban neighborhoods where millions of households cannot access or afford standard banking services.<ref name="PBS News Hour"/> |
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On February 7, Ocasio-Cortez and Senator [[Ed Markey]] released a joint resolution laying out the main elements of a 10-year "economic mobilization" that would phase out fossil fuel use and overhaul the nation's infrastructure. Their plan calls for implementing the "[[social cost of carbon]]" that was part of the Obama administration's plans to address climate change and transitioning the United States to 100% renewable, zero-emission energy sources, including electric cars and high-speed rail systems.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/green-new-deal-details/index.html | title = Ocasio-Cortez's Green New Deal: What's in it | first= Lydia | last = DePillis | date =February 7, 2019 | accessdate= February 7, 2019 | work = [[CNN]] }}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez has been a vocal supporter of [[Human rights in the United States#Labor rights|labor rights]], including a $15 per hour [[Minimum wage in the United States|federal minimum wage]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Henney|first=Megan|date=March 3, 2021|title=AOC slams debate over $15 minimum wage as 'utterly embarrassing'|url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/economy/aoc-slams-debate-over-15-minimum-wage-as-utterly-embarrassing|access-date=March 8, 2021|website=Fox Business|language=en-US}}</ref> In May 2019, she returned to bartending at the Queensboro Restaurant in [[Jackson Heights, Queens]], to promote the [[Raise the Wage Act]], which would increase the minimum hourly wage for restaurant servers and other tipped workers from $2.13 to $15. Speaking to restaurant workers, customers and reporters, she criticized an exemption in U.S. minimum wage law for restaurants and the service sector that allows them to be paid less than $7.25 per hour, saying, "Any job that pays $2.13 per hour is not a job, it is indentured servitude."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Trotta |first1=Daniel |date=June 1, 2019 |title=Rep. Ocasio-Cortez returns to bartending to promote fair wages |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ocasio-cortez-idUSKCN1T12R4 |work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Bryant |first1=Miranda |date=June 1, 2019 |title=Ocasio-Cortez: $2.13 minimum wage for tipped workers is 'indentured servitude' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/01/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-bar-tipped-minimum-wage-queens-new-york |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=Queens, New York |access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref> On January 20, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez skipped the [[inauguration of Joe Biden]] in order to join the [[2021 Hunts Point Produce Market strike]] in the Bronx.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sisak |first=Michael R. |date=January 23, 2021 |title=Deal ends weeklong strike at largest US produce market |url=https://apnews.com/article/new-york-new-york-city-health-coronavirus-pandemic-strikes-81bf6397147b0e8d1608798b6543c55c |access-date=January 23, 2021 |work=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> |
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=== Tax policy === |
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Ocasio-Cortez proposed introducing a [[Marginal tax rate|marginal tax]] as high as 70% on income above $10 million to pay for the [[Green New Deal]]. According to tax experts contacted by ''[[The Washington Post]]'', this tax would bring in extra revenue of $720 billion per decade.<ref>[https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/ocasio-cortez-70-percent-tax-1080874 Ocasio-Cortez floats 70 percent tax on the super wealthy to fund Green New Deal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106011553/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/ocasio-cortez-70-percent-tax-1080874 |date=January 6, 2019 }} By MATTHEW CHOI. Politico. April 1, 2019</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/05/ocasio-cortez-wants-higher-taxes-very-rich-americans-heres-how-much-money-could-that-raise/ Ocasio-Cortez wants higher taxes on very rich Americans. Here’s how much money that could raise.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105230343/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/05/ocasio-cortez-wants-higher-taxes-very-rich-americans-heres-how-much-money-could-that-raise/ |date=January 5, 2019 }} With the help of tax experts, we produced some back-of-the-envelope estimates. By Jeff Stein. Washington Post. January 5, 2019</ref> Ocasio-Cortez has opposed and voted against the [[PAYGO|pay-as-you-go]] rule supported by Democratic leaders, which requires deficit-neutral fiscal policy, with all new expenditures balanced by tax increases or spending cuts. She joins [[Ro Khanna]] in condemning the rule as hamstringing new or expanded progressive policies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-pelosi-rules-package-congress-paygo-20190102-story.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez to vote against Pelosi rules package on first day in Congress over 'paygo'|work=New York Daily News|date=January 2, 2019|author=Denis Slattery|access-date=January 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153320/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-pelosi-rules-package-congress-paygo-20190102-story.html|archive-date=January 14, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/house-adopts-rules-package-democratic-defections-paygo-provision|title=House adopts rules package with few Democratic defections over PAYGO provision|date=January 3, 2019|author=Lindsey McPherson|work=Roll Call|access-date=January 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210205/https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/house-adopts-rules-package-democratic-defections-paygo-provision|archive-date=January 14, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> She cites [[Modern Monetary Theory]] as a justification for higher deficits to finance her agenda.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ommt-modern-monetary-theory-how-pay-for-policies-2019-1|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez says the theory that deficit spending is good for the economy should 'absolutely' be part of the conversation|date=January 7, 2019|author=Eliza Relman|work=Business Insider|access-date=January 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174219/https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ommt-modern-monetary-theory-how-pay-for-policies-2019-1|archive-date=January 19, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-01-17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-big-ideas-for-taxes-and-medicare?srnd=premium|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Is the Darling of the Left, Nightmare of the Right|date=January 17, 2019|work=Bloomberg|author=Peter Coy|author2=Katia Dmitrieva|access-date=January 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119120938/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-01-17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-big-ideas-for-taxes-and-medicare?srnd=premium|archive-date=January 19, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> Drawing a parallel with the [[Great Depression]], she explains that the Green New Deal needs deficit spending like the original New Deal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://inthesetimes.com/article/21236/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ice-new-york-cynthia-nixon-democrats|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on Why She Wants to Abolish ICE and Upend the Democratic Party|date=June 25, 2018|accessdate=January 18, 2019|author=Kate Aronoff|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227151631/http://inthesetimes.com/article/21236/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ice-new-york-cynthia-nixon-democrats|archive-date=December 27, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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[[File:Sanders rally Council Bluffs IMG 4023 (49036403791).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez and [[Bernie Sanders]] in 2019]] |
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=== Immigration === |
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In September 2019, Ocasio-Cortez introduced an anti-poverty policy proposal (packaged in a bundle called "A Just Society") that would take into account the cost of [[childcare]], [[Health care in the United States|health care]], and "new necessities" like [[Internet access]] when measuring poverty. The proposal would cap annual rent increases and ensure access to social welfare programs for people with [[conviction]]s and undocumented immigrants.<ref>{{cite news |last=Inskeep |first=Steve |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/09/25/763793482/rep-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wants-america-to-talk-about-poverty |title=Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Wants America To Talk About Poverty |work=[[NPR]] |date=September 25, 2019 |access-date=September 26, 2019 |archive-date=September 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925134522/https://www.npr.org/2019/09/25/763793482/rep-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wants-america-to-talk-about-poverty |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the U.S. census, about 40{{spaces}}million Americans live in poverty. |
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Ocasio-Cortez has expressed support for defunding and [[Abolish ICE|abolishing]] the [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE) agency on multiple occasions. In February 2018, she called it "a product of the [[Presidency of George W. Bush|Bush-era]] [[Patriot Act]] suite of legislation" and "an enforcement agency that takes on more of a [[paramilitary]] tone every single day".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://splinternews.com/talking-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-woman-challe-1823967744|title=Talking With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the Woman Challenging One of New York's Political Kingmakers|date=March 22, 2018|work=[[Splinter News]]|access-date=June 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628153546/https://splinternews.com/talking-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-woman-challe-1823967744|archive-date=June 28, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/06/28/fox-news-reminds-us-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-platform-ispretty-reasonable|title=Fox News Reminds Us Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Platform Is ... Pretty Reasonable|work=Common Dreams|access-date=July 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712222623/https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/06/28/fox-news-reminds-us-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-platform-ispretty-reasonable|archive-date=July 12, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> That June, she said she would "stop short of fully disbanding the agency", and would rather "create a pathway to citizenship for more immigrants through decriminalization".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://documentedny.com/2018/06/27/early-arrival-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-in-upset-over-joe-crowley/|title=Early Arrival: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wins in upset over Joe Crowley|website=Documented|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713010717/https://documentedny.com/2018/06/27/early-arrival-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-in-upset-over-joe-crowley/|archive-date=July 13, 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> She later clarified that this does not mean ceasing all deportations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/ocasio2018/status/1031926879752802304?lang=en|title=Twitter|date=August 21, 2018|publisher=Mobile.twitter.com|accessdate=December 10, 2018}}</ref> She has called the [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security]]'s immigration detention centers "[[black sites]]", citing limited public access to them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://freebeacon.com/politics/dem-candidate-beat-crowley-dhs-operates-border-black-sites/|title=Dem Candidate Who Beat Crowley: DHS Operates Border 'Black Sites'|last1=Crookston|first1=Paul|date=June 27, 2018|website=[[Washington Free Beacon]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627202244/http://freebeacon.com/politics/dem-candidate-beat-crowley-dhs-operates-border-black-sites/|archive-date=June 27, 2018|dead-url=no|accessdate=June 27, 2018}}</ref> Two days before the primary election, Ocasio-Cortez attended a protest at an ICE child-detention center in [[Tornillo, Texas|Tornillo]], Texas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/623752094/who-is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez|title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez?|last=Neuman|first=Scott|date=June 27, 2018|publisher=NPR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627080006/https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/623752094/who-is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez|archive-date=June 27, 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> She was the only Democrat to vote against H.R. 648, a bill to fund and reopen the government, because it funded ICE.<ref>{{Cite news| last = Smith| first = Allan| title = Ocasio-Cortez is lone Democrat to vote against bill to reopen government| work = NBC News| accessdate = February 7, 2019| date = January 24, 2019 | url = https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-lone-democrat-vote-against-bill-re-open-government-n962111}} |
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* ''For H.R. 648, see:'' {{cite web|title=H.R.648 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/648|date=January 23, 2019|publisher=Office of the Clerk. U.S. House of Representatives|dead-url=no|access-date=February 7, 2019}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez has proposed a [[Marginal tax rate|marginal tax]] as high as 70% on income above $10{{spaces}}million to pay for the [[Green New Deal]]. According to tax experts contacted by ''[[The Washington Post]]'', this tax would bring in extra revenue of $720{{spaces}}billion per decade.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/ocasio-cortez-70-percent-tax-1080874 |title=Ocasio-Cortez floats 70 percent tax on the super wealthy to fund Green New Deal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106011553/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/ocasio-cortez-70-percent-tax-1080874 |archive-date=January 6, 2019 |first=Matthew |last=Choi |work=[[Politico]] |date=April 1, 2019 |access-date=April 12, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/05/ocasio-cortez-wants-higher-taxes-very-rich-americans-heres-how-much-money-could-that-raise/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez wants higher taxes on very rich Americans. Here's how much money that could raise. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105230343/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/01/05/ocasio-cortez-wants-higher-taxes-very-rich-americans-heres-how-much-money-could-that-raise/ |archive-date=January 5, 2019 |quote=With the help of tax experts, we produced some back-of-the-envelope estimates. |first=Jeff |last=Stein |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 5, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> But an analysis by the think tank [[Tax Foundation]] estimated that, after accounting for macroeconomic effects, the proposal would increase tax revenue by $189.1 billion over ten years if it is applied only to ordinary income, or decrease tax revenue by 53.1 billion if it is applied to all forms of income, including capital gains.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/policy/finance/425202-right-leaning-group-70-percent-tax-rate-might-not-raise-much-revenue/ |title=Right-leaning group: 70 percent tax suggested by Ocasio-Cortez might have little effect on revenue |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=January 14, 2019 |access-date=August 26, 2023}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez has opposed and voted against the [[PAYGO|pay-as-you-go]] rule supported by Democratic leaders, which requires deficit-neutral fiscal policy, with all new expenditures balanced by tax increases or spending cuts. She and Representative [[Ro Khanna]] have condemned the rule for hamstringing new or expanded progressive policies.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Slattery |first=Denis |date=January 2, 2019 |title=Ocasio-Cortez to vote against Pelosi rules package on first day in Congress over 'paygo' |work=[[New York Daily News]] |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-pelosi-rules-package-congress-paygo-20190102-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=January 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153320/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/ny-pol-ocasio-cortez-pelosi-rules-package-congress-paygo-20190102-story.html |archive-date=January 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=McPherson |first=Lindsey |date=January 3, 2019 |title=House adopts rules package with few Democratic defections over PAYGO provision |work=Roll Call |url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/house-adopts-rules-package-democratic-defections-paygo-provision |url-status=live |access-date=January 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210205/https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/house-adopts-rules-package-democratic-defections-paygo-provision |archive-date=January 14, 2019}}</ref> She cites [[Modern Monetary Theory]] as a justification for higher deficits to finance her agenda.<ref name=deficit>{{cite news |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ommt-modern-monetary-theory-how-pay-for-policies-2019-1 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez says the theory that deficit spending is good for the economy should 'absolutely' be part of the conversation |date=January 7, 2019 |first=Eliza |last=Relman |work=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=January 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174219/https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ommt-modern-monetary-theory-how-pay-for-policies-2019-1 |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-01-17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-big-ideas-for-taxes-and-medicare |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Is the Darling of the Left, Nightmare of the Right |date=January 17, 2019 |publisher=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]]|first1=Peter |last1=Coy |first2=Katia |last2=Dmitrieva |access-date=January 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119120938/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2019-01-17/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-s-big-ideas-for-taxes-and-medicare |archive-date=January 19, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Drawing a parallel with the [[Great Depression]], she has argued that the Green New Deal needs deficit spending like the original [[New Deal]].<ref name=InTheseTimes /> |
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=== Healthcare === |
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Ocasio-Cortez supports transitioning to a [[single-payer healthcare]] system, recognizing medical care as a [[Human rights|human right]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/29/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-talks-poverty-in-the-us-with-steven-colbert.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: In a modern, moral, wealthy society, no person should be too poor to live|last=Clifford|first=Catherine|date=June 29, 2018|access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629221816/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/29/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-talks-poverty-in-the-us-with-steven-colbert.html|archive-date=June 29, 2018|dead-url=no|publisher=CNBC}}</ref><ref name="This is the platform">{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-platform-on-the-issues-2018-6|title=This is the platform that launched Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a 28-year-old Democratic socialist, to the biggest political upset of the year|work=Business Insider|access-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630025045/http://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-platform-on-the-issues-2018-6|archive-date=June 30, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> She says that a single government health insurer should cover every American, reducing overall costs.<ref name="Jeff Stein campaigning" /> On her campaign website, Ocasio-Cortez says "Almost every other developed nation in the world has [[Universal health care|universal healthcare]]. It's time the United States catch up to the rest of the world in ensuring all people have real healthcare coverage that doesn't break the bank."<ref name="This is the platform" /> The Medicare for All proposal has been adopted by many likely Democratic 2020 presidential contenders.<ref name="Suderman 2018" /> |
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Ocasio-Cortez opposed a planned deal by New York City to give [[Amazon (company)|Amazon.com]] $3 billion in state and city [[Subsidy|subsidies]] and [[tax break]]s to build a secondary headquarters ([[Amazon HQ2]]) that was expected to bring in $27 billion in tax revenue for the city and state, in an area near her congressional district, saying that the city should instead itself invest $3 billion in the district.<ref name="NBCNewsVideo">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-york-politicians-odds-over-amazon-s-decision-pull-out-n971741 |title=NY politicians at odds over Amazon's decision to pull out of Queens |last=Fieldstadt |first=Elisha |work=[[NBC News]] |quote="If we're willing to give away $3{{spaces}}billion for this deal, we could invest those $3{{spaces}}billion in our district ourselves if we wanted to. |date=February 14, 2019 |access-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-date=February 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216184624/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-york-politicians-odds-over-amazon-s-decision-pull-out-n971741 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-new-york-democrats-criticize-amazon-hq2.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and New York Democrats criticize Amazon HQ2 |last=Pramuk |first=Jacob |date=November 13, 2018 |publisher=[[CNBC]]|access-date=February 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228155020/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-new-york-democrats-criticize-amazon-hq2.html|archive-date=February 28, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/02/17/amazon-hq-2-politicians-feud-over-who-blame-after-firm-ditches-ny/2900101002/|title=Politicians squabble over who is to blame for Amazon decision to ditch New York|website=[[USA Today]]|last=Davidson|first=Paul|date=February 17, 2019}}</ref> Some commentators criticized her remarks on the grounds that she did not understand tax breaks are discounts on money paid to, not by, the government, that "New York does not have $3 billion in cash" it would "give" to Amazon, and that between 25,000 and 40,000 new jobs, in addition to the high-paying tech jobs Amazon would have created, disappeared when Amazon left. Conservative columnist [[Marc Thiessen]] argued that "her economic illiteracy is dangerous" because "by helping to drive Amazon away, she did not save New York $3 billion; she cost New York $27 billion."<ref>{{Cite news |first=Marc A. |last=Thiessen |date=February 21, 2019 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-is-an-economic-illiterate--and-thats-a-danger-to-america/2019/02/21/ee8c58d8-35f1-11e9-af5b-b51b7ff322e9_story.html |title=Opinion | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is an economic illiterate – and that's a danger to America |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=July 12, 2019 |archive-date=July 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705031027/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-is-an-economic-illiterate--and-thats-a-danger-to-america/2019/02/21/ee8c58d8-35f1-11e9-af5b-b51b7ff322e9_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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=== LGBTQ equality === |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a staunch proponent of [[LGBT rights|LGBTQ rights]] and [[LGBT equality|LGBTQ equality]]. She has said she supports the [[LGBTQ community]] and thanked its members for its role in her campaign.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lgbt-win/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez thanks LGBT community after landmark win|work=PinkNews |access-date=July 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161747/https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lgbt-win/ |archive-date=July 6, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Vox - top house democrat" /> She publicized and later appeared on a charity speedrun of ''[[Donkey Kong 64]]'' by British YouTuber [[Hbomberguy]], who was raising money for the trans children's charity, [[Mermaids (charity)|Mermaids]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://slate.com/culture/2019/01/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aaron-sorkin-graham-linehan-h-bomberguy-donkey-kong-twitch-stream.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Spent Her Weekend Dunking on Aaron Sorkin and Raising Money for Trans Kids|last=Dessem|first=Matthew|date=January 21, 2019|website=Slate Magazine|language=en|access-date=January 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232832/https://slate.com/culture/2019/01/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aaron-sorkin-graham-linehan-h-bomberguy-donkey-kong-twitch-stream.html|archive-date=January 21, 2019|dead-url=no}}</ref> At the January 2019 New York City [[2019 Women's March|Women's March]] in [[LGBT culture in New York City|Manhattan]], Ocasio-Cortez gave a detailed speech in support of measures needed to ensure LGBTQ equality in the workplace and elsewhere.<ref>[https://flipboard.com/topic/lgbt/aoc-gives-powerful-pro-lgbtq-speech-at-nyc-women%27s-march/f-b431c6cd9b%2Fthegavoice.com] Accessed February 17, 2019.</ref> She has also made a point of recognizing [[transgender]] rights specifically, saying, "It's a no-brainer...trans rights are civil rights are human rights."<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/lgbt/comments/ai3pl0/trans_rights_are_civil_rights_are_human_rights_aoc/] Accessed February 17, 2019.</ref> |
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===Environment=== |
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=== Israeli-Palestinian conflict === |
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{{Further|Environmental policy of the Joe Biden administration|Climate policy of the United States}} |
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In May 2018, Ocasio-Cortez criticized the [[Israel Defense Forces]]' use of deadly force against Palestinians participating in the [[2018 Gaza border protests]], calling it a "massacre" in a tweet.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-democrat-who-slammed-israel-wins-new-york-primary-1.6218292|title=Democrat Who Slammed Israel for Gaza Killings Is Shock Winner of New York Primary|date=June 27, 2018|work=[[Haaretz]]|access-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627103125/https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-democrat-who-slammed-israel-wins-new-york-primary-1.6218292|archive-date=June 27, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> In a July 2018 interview with the [[PBS]] series ''[[Firing Line (TV series)|Firing Line]]'', Ocasio-Cortez said that she is "a proponent of a [[two-state solution]]"<ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-barhhq/|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|date=July 13, 2018|publisher=[[PBS]]|others=Interviewed by [[Margaret Hoover]]|series=''[[Firing Line (TV series)|Firing Line]]''|minutes=19|access-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717083844/https://www.pbs.org/video/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-barhhq/|archive-date=July 17, 2018|dead-url=no|quote=I believe absolutely in [[Israel's right to exist]]. I am a proponent of a [[two-state solution]].}}</ref> and called Israel's presence in the [[West Bank]] an "[[Israeli occupation of the West Bank|occupation of Palestine]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/ocasio-cortez-slams-israeli-occupation-walks-it-back-i-am-not-expert-1029386|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez sparked outrage after condemning Israel’s “occupation” of Palestinian territory|last=AM|first=Chantal Da Silva On 7/18/18 at 4:03|date=July 18, 2018|website=Newsweek|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106010257/https://www.newsweek.com/ocasio-cortez-slams-israeli-occupation-walks-it-back-i-am-not-expert-1029386|archive-date=January 6, 2019|dead-url=no|access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref> Her use of the term "occupation" drew backlash from a number of pro-Israel groups and commentators.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/11/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-vs-the-right-fox-news-social-media|title=“I Think A Lot Of Them Can’t Hide Their Misogyny”: How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez De-Fanged The Fox News Haters|last=Nguyen|first=Tina|date=November 26, 2018|work=Vanity Fair|access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-criticizes-israel-for-the-occupation-of-palestine/|title=Ocasio-Cortez criticizes 'occupation of Palestine', but admits she's no expert|last=Dunst|first=Charles|website=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119235924/https://www.timesofisrael.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-criticizes-israel-for-the-occupation-of-palestine/|archive-date=November 19, 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=December 18, 2018}}</ref> Others defended her remarks, citing the United Nations' designation of the territory in the West Bank as occupied.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/alexandria-ocasiocortez-israel-palestine-occupation-us-west-bank-outrage-us-a8450781.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez prompts outrage for accurately referring to Israel's 'occupation' of Palestinian territory|date=July 17, 2018|access-date=January 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818173024/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/alexandria-ocasiocortez-israel-palestine-occupation-us-west-bank-outrage-us-a8450781.html|archive-date=August 18, 2018|dead-url=no|language=en|website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://forward.com/opinion/405682/what-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-really-thinks-about-israel/|title=Opinion {{!}} What Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Really Thinks About Israel|website=The Forward|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105162854/https://forward.com/opinion/405682/what-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-really-thinks-about-israel/|archive-date=January 5, 2019|dead-url=no|access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:GreenNewDeal Presser 020719 (26 of 85) (46105848855).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez speaks on a Green New Deal in front of the Capitol Building in February 2019.]] |
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Ocasio-Cortez has called for "more environmental hardliners in Congress",<ref name=InTheseTimes>{{Cite news |issn=0160-5992 |last=Aronoff |first=Kate |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on Why She Wants to Abolish ICE and Upend the Democratic Party |work=In These Times |access-date=January 27, 2019 |date=June 25, 2018 |url=http://inthesetimes.com/article/21236/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ice-new-york-cynthia-nixon-democrats| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181227151631/http://inthesetimes.com/article/21236/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-ice-new-york-cynthia-nixon-democrats| archive-date = December 27, 2018| url-status=live}}</ref> calling [[climate change]] "the single biggest national security threat for the United States and the single biggest threat to worldwide industrialized civilization".<ref name=CampaignWeb>{{cite web |last=Ocasio-Cortez |first=Alexandria |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Platform: Mobilizing Against Climate Change |publisher=Ocasio2018.com (campaign website) |access-date=January 27, 2019 |year=2018 |url=https://ocasio2018.com/issues| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190116020452/https://ocasio2018.com/issues| archive-date = January 16, 2019| url-status = dead}}</ref> Referring to a recent [[United Nations]] [[Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C|report]] indicating that the effects of climate change could become irreversible unless carbon emissions are reined in within the next 12 years, she has argued that global warming must be addressed immediately to avert human extinction.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 22, 2019 |last1=John |first1=Bowden |title=Ocasio-Cortez: 'World will end in 12 years' if climate change not addressed |url=https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/426353-ocasio-cortez-the-world-will-end-in-12-years-if-we-dont-address/ |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=March 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190305034141/https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/426353-ocasio-cortez-the-world-will-end-in-12-years-if-we-dont-address |archive-date=March 5, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="USATodayClimateEnd12Years">{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-climate-change-alarm/2642481002/ |title='The world is going to end in 12 years if we don't address climate change,' Ocasio-Cortez says |last1=Cummings |first1=William |date=January 22, 2019 |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |access-date=February 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207104335/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2019/01/22/ocasio-cortez-climate-change-alarm/2642481002/|archive-date=February 7, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Nation12years">{{cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-climate-change-world-will-end-12-years-un-report-1300873 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Warns, 'World Is Going to End in 12 Years,' Reiterating Claims of Recent U.N. Climate Change Report |last1=Zhao |first1=Christina |date=January 22, 2019 |access-date=February 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224115757/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-climate-change-world-will-end-12-years-un-report-1300873|archive-date=February 24, 2019|url-status=live |website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez's environmental plan, the [[Green New Deal]], advocates for the U.S. to transition to an electrical grid running on [[100% renewable energy]]<ref name="Friedman 2019">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/08/opinion/green-new-deal.html |title=The Green New Deal Rises Again |last1=Friedman |first1=Thomas |date=January 8, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 20, 2019 |quote=The Green New Deal that Ocasio-Cortez has laid out aspires to power the U.S. economy with 100 percent renewable energy within 12 years and calls for "a job guarantee program to assure a living wage job to every person who wants one", "basic income programs" and "universal health care", financed, at least in part, by higher taxes on the wealthy.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119220237/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/08/opinion/green-new-deal.html|archive-date=January 19, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> and to end the use of [[fossil fuel]]s within ten years. The changes, estimated to cost roughly $2.5{{spaces}}trillion per year, would be financed in part by higher taxes on the wealthy.<ref name="ForbesGNDcost">{{cite news |last1=Ezrati |first1=Milton |title=The Green New Deal And The Cost Of Virtue |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/miltonezrati/2019/02/19/the-green-new-deal-and-the-cost-of-virtue/ |date=February 19, 2019 |website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=March 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226204348/https://www.forbes.com/sites/miltonezrati/2019/02/19/the-green-new-deal-and-the-cost-of-virtue/#782b6cd03dec |archive-date=February 26, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 24, 2018 |url=https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/417843-five-things-to-know-about-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal/ |title=Five things to know about Ocasio-Cortez's 'Green New Deal' |last1=Cama |first1=Timothy |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126140623/https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/417843-five-things-to-know-about-ocasio-cortezs-green-new-deal|archive-date=November 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sunrisemovement.org/green-new-deal |title=Sunrise Movement Green New Deal |publisher=Sunrise Movement |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228130857/https://www.sunrisemovement.org/gnd/|archive-date=December 28, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> She has said she has an "open mind" about [[nuclear power]]'s role in the Green New Deal,<ref>{{Cite web |first=Jacqueline |last=Toth |title=Ocasio-Cortez: Green New Deal 'Leaves the Door Open' on Nuclear |url=https://morningconsult.com/2019/05/06/ocasio-cortez-green-new-deal-leaves-door-open-nuclear/ |date=May 6, 2019 |website=Morning Consult |language=en-US |access-date=May 20, 2020 |archive-date=May 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509070214/https://morningconsult.com/2019/05/06/ocasio-cortez-green-new-deal-leaves-door-open-nuclear/ |url-status=live }}</ref> but has been criticized for ignoring it in her proposals for the deal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acsh.org/news/2019/05/15/dear-bernie-aoc-yes-theres-middle-ground-nuclear-energy-14029|title=Dear Bernie & AOC, Yes, There's A Middle Ground: Nuclear Energy|website=acsh.org|first=Alex|last=Berezov|date=May 15, 2019|access-date=February 28, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2019/03/21/green-new-deal-is-dead-without-nuclear-power/|title=Any Green New Deal Is Dead Without Nuclear Power|work=[[Forbes]]|first=James|last=Conca|date=March 21, 2019|access-date=February 28, 2021}}</ref> |
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=== Puerto Rico === |
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Ocasio-Cortez has called for "solidarity with Puerto Rico". She has advocated for granting Puerto Ricans further civil rights, regardless of Puerto Rico's legal classification. She advocates for voting rights and disaster relief. Ocasio-Cortez was critical of [[FEMA]]'s response to [[Hurricane Maria]] and the federal government's unwillingness to address [[political status of Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico's political status]].<ref name="Puerto Rico Report">{{Cite news|url=https://www.puertoricoreport.com/is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-statehood|title=Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Statehood?|date=June 27, 2018|work=Puerto Rico Report|access-date=July 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705003216/https://www.puertoricoreport.com/is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-statehood/|archive-date=July 5, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> She believes the federal government should increase investment in Puerto Rico.<ref name="Vox - top house democrat" /> |
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===Foreign policy=== |
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[[File:10.02.2023 - Audiência com Deputados do Partido Democrata (52680313097).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez with Brazilian President [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] in February 2023]] |
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* '''Education''': Ocasio-Cortez campaigned in favor of establishing tuition-free public colleges and trade schools. She has said she is still paying off student loans herself and wants to cancel all student debt.<ref name="This is the platform" /> |
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* '''Impeachment of President Trump''': On June 28, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez told CNN she would support the [[Impeachment of Donald Trump|impeachment of President Trump]], citing Trump's alleged violations of the [[Title of Nobility Clause|Emoluments Clause]] and stating that "we have to hold everyone accountable and that no person is above that law."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sfexaminer.com/primaries-upend-political-landscape-ahead-midterm-elections-spell-trouble-trump/|title=Primaries upend political landscape ahead of midterm elections and could spell trouble for Trump|date=June 27, 2018|work=[[The San Francisco Examiner]]|accessdate=June 28, 2018|publisher=[[Tribune News Service]] | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628015406/http://www.sfexaminer.com/primaries-upend-political-landscape-ahead-midterm-elections-spell-trouble-trump/ |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-impeach-trump-678821|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez says she supports impeaching Trump|last=Nelson|first=Louis|date=June 27, 2018|work=[[Politico]]|accessdate=June 28, 2018}}</ref> |
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* '''[[Amazon HQ2]]''': Ocasio-Cortez opposed a planned deal by New York City to give [[Amazon (company)|Amazon.com]] $3 billion in state and city [[Subsidy|subsidies]] and [[Tax break|tax breaks]] to build secondary headquarters in an area near her congressional district.<ref name="Birnbaum">{{cite news |last1=Birnbaum |first1=Emily |title=Ocasio-Cortez celebrates Amazon canceling New York offices: 'Anything is possible' |url=https://thehill.com/policy/technology/430050-ocasio-cortez-celebrates-amazon-cancelling-new-york-offices-anything-is |accessdate=February 14, 2019 |publisher=The Hill |date=February 14, 2019}}</ref><ref name="BrownHeadquarters">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Ruth |title=Ocasio-Cortez cheers as Amazon scraps NYC headquarters |url=https://nypost.com/2019/02/14/ocasio-cortez-cheers-as-amazon-scraps-nyc-headquarters/ |accessdate=February 14, 2019 |publisher=New York Post |date=February 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/business/2019/02/16/amazon-is-not-getting-the-welcome-it-expected-from-queens|title=Amazon is not getting the welcome it expected from Queens|date=February 14, 2019|work=The Economist|access-date=February 14, 2019|issn=0013-0613}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/13/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-and-new-york-democrats-criticize-amazon-hq2.html|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and New York Democrats criticize Amazon HQ2|last=Pramuk|first=Jacob|date=November 13, 2018|website=www.cnbc.com|access-date=February 14, 2019}}</ref> |
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====China==== |
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== Awards and honors == |
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{{See also|Blitzchung controversy|Overseas censorship of Chinese issues|Daryl Morey#Twitter comments on Hong Kong}} |
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The [[International Astronomical Union]] named the [[asteroid]] [[23238 Ocasio-Cortez]] after her when she was a senior in high school in recognition of her second-place finish in the 2007 [[Intel International Science and Engineering Fair]].<ref name="Malloy Rising"/><ref name="NASA"/> Ocasio-Cortez was named the 2017 National Hispanic Institute Person of the Year by [[Ernesto Nieto]].<ref name="NHI Person of the Year" /> |
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Ocasio-Cortez criticized the American companies [[Activision Blizzard]] and [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] for censoring pro-democracy [[2019–20 Hong Kong protests|protesters in Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite news |title=AOC and Ted Cruz call out Apple for dropping Hong Kong app in joint letter |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/18/20921300/rebulicans-democrats-blizzard-apple-china-hong-kong-app-censorship |first=Colin |last=Lecher |work=[[The Verge]] |date=October 18, 2019 |access-date=September 28, 2020 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023627/https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/18/20921300/rebulicans-democrats-blizzard-apple-china-hong-kong-app-censorship |url-status=live }}</ref> She co-signed a letter to Activision Blizzard CEO [[Bobby Kotick]] that read, "As China amplifies its campaign of intimidation, you and your company must decide whether to look beyond the bottom line and promote American values—like freedom of speech and thought—or to give in to Beijing's demands in order to preserve market access."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lawmakers condemn Apple, Activision Blizzard over censorship of Hong Kong protester |url=https://thehill.com/policy/technology/466507-bipartisan-lawmakers-condemn-apple-activision-blizzard-over-censorship-of/ |first=Tal |last=Axelrod |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=October 18, 2020 |access-date=September 28, 2020 |archive-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001133916/https://thehill.com/policy/technology/466507-bipartisan-lawmakers-condemn-apple-activision-blizzard-over-censorship-of |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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A bipartisan letter by Ocasio-Cortez and seven other lawmakers fiercely criticized the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]]'s handling of a controversy involving a tweet by [[Houston Rockets]] general manager [[Daryl Morey]] supporting pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong. The lawmakers wrote that the NBA's response not only "sold out an American citizen" but also "reinforces the [[Chinese Communist Party]] view that those who point to Chinese repression in Hong Kong are as best stating opinions, not facts", as well as being "a betrayal of fundamental American values".<ref name="theh_Ocas">{{Cite web |title=Ocasio-Cortez, Ted Cruz join colleagues blasting NBA for 'outrageous' response to China |last=Lane |first=Sylvan |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |date=October 9, 2019 |access-date=December 23, 2020 |url=https://thehill.com/policy/finance/465111-lawmakers-blast-nba-for-outrageous-response-to-chinese-boycott/ |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230202238/https://thehill.com/policy/finance/465111-lawmakers-blast-nba-for-outrageous-response-to-chinese-boycott |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="vani_TheN">{{Cite web |title=The NBA Isn't the Only Company Tripping Over Itself to Appease China |last=Lutz |first=Eric |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=October 10, 2019 |access-date=December 23, 2020 |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/10/nba-isnt-the-only-company-appease-china-google-apple-bilzzard |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230202237/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/10/nba-isnt-the-only-company-appease-china-google-apple-bilzzard |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="gall_Gall">{{Cite web |title=Gallagher and Sasse Lead Call for NBA to Stand Against CCP Censorship and Bullying |publisher=[[United States House of Representatives]] |date=October 9, 2019 |access-date=December 23, 2020 |url=https://gallagher.house.gov/media/press-releases/gallagher-and-sasse-lead-call-nba-stand-against-ccp-censorship-and-bullying |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230202235/https://gallagher.house.gov/media/press-releases/gallagher-and-sasse-lead-call-nba-stand-against-ccp-censorship-and-bullying |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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== Personal life == |
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Ocasio-Cortez has family in Puerto Rico, where her grandfather lived in a nursing home<ref name="Puerto Rico Report" /> before dying in the aftermath of [[Hurricane Maria]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/My-Grandfather-Died-Alexandria-Ocasio-Cortez-Slams-Trump-Puerto-Rico-PR-Tweet-493285661.html|title='My Grandfather Died': Ocasio-Cortez Slams Trump's PR Denial|work=NBC New York|access-date=September 29, 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929233312/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/My-Grandfather-Died-Alexandria-Ocasio-Cortez-Slams-Trump-Puerto-Rico-PR-Tweet-493285661.html|archive-date=September 29, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> After Ocasio-Cortez's father's death in 2008, her mother and grandmother relocated to Florida due to financial hardship.<ref name="Vivian Wang Giant Slayer" /><ref name="Huffpo - 5 reasons" /> She identifies as [[Catholic Church|Catholic]]<ref name=Religion>''For religious identity:'' |
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* {{Cite conference| publisher = Pew Research Center| title = Religious affiliation of members of 116th Congress| accessdate = January 26, 2019| date = January 3, 2019| url = http://www.pewforum.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2019/01/Detailed-tables-NUMBER-CHECK-COMPLETE-1-3.pdf| conference = | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190105075651/http://www.pewforum.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2019/01/Detailed-tables-NUMBER-CHECK-COMPLETE-1-3.pdf| archive-date = January 5, 2019| dead-url = no| df = mdy-all}} |
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* {{Cite news| last = Stanley-Becker| first = Isaac| title = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez reveals Jewish ancestry at Hanukkah celebration| work = Washington Post| accessdate = January 26, 2019| date = December 9, 2018| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/12/10/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry-hanukkah-celebration/| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174813/https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/12/10/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry-hanukkah-celebration/| archive-date = January 19, 2019| dead-url = no| df = mdy-all}} |
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* {{Cite news| last = Smith| first = Allan| title = Ocasio-Cortez reveals her Jewish heritage: 'I knew it! I sensed it!'| work = NBC News| accessdate = January 26, 2019| date = December 10, 2018| url = https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-reveals-her-jewish-heritage-i-knew-it-i-n946041| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181216005639/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-reveals-her-jewish-heritage-i-knew-it-i-n946041| archive-date = December 16, 2018| dead-url = no| df = mdy-all}} |
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* {{Cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/amp/us-news/.premium-ocasio-cortez-claims-jewish-heritage-at-ny-event-my-family-were-sephardic-jews-1.6727455|title=Ocasio-Cortez Shares Jewish Heritage at NY Event: 'My Family Were Sephardic Jews'|work=[[Haaretz]]|access-date=December 9, 2018|language=en|quote="a very, very long time ago, generations and generations ago, my family consisted of Sephardic Jews."|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210054547/https://www.haaretz.com/amp/us-news/.premium-ocasio-cortez-claims-jewish-heritage-at-ny-event-my-family-were-sephardic-jews-1.6727455|archive-date=December 10, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> and described her faith and its impact on her life and campaign for [[Criminal justice reform in the United States|criminal justice reform]] in an article in ''[[America (magazine)|America]]'', the magazine of the [[Jesuit]] order in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|first=Alexandria|last=Ocasio-Cortez|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on her Catholic faith and the urgency of a criminal justice reform|url=https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-her-catholic-faith-and-urgency-criminal|date=June 27, 2018|accessdate=August 31, 2018|website=[[America (magazine)|America]]|quote=Innocence, in its mercy, partly excuses us from having to fully reckon with the spiritual gifts of forgiveness, grace and redemption at the heart of the [[Catechism of the Catholic Church|Catechism]]: I believe in the forgiveness of sins.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627233436/https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-her-catholic-faith-and-urgency-criminal|archive-date=June 27, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> At a 2018 [[Hanukkah]] party held by activist group Jews for Racial & Economic Justice, Ocasio-Cortez said that she has [[Sephardic]] Jewish ancestry, although she does not practice the faith.<ref name=Religion /> Of her [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardic Jewish]] ancestry, she has said that DNA isn't culture, but that "to be Puerto Rican is to be the descendant of: African [[Moors]] + [[Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies|slaves]], [[Taíno|Taino]] Indians, Spanish colonizers, Jewish refugees, and likely others. We are all of these things and something else all at once — we are [[Puerto Ricans#Boricua|Boricua]]."<ref name=Goldmacher/> |
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====Iran, Saudi Arabia and Yemen==== |
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During the 2018 election campaign, Ocasio-Cortez resided in [[Parkchester, Bronx]] with her boyfriend, Riley Roberts,<ref name="Abigail Hess apartment">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/08/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cant-afford-to-rent-an-apartment-in-dc.html|title=Youngest woman elected to Congress Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez can't afford an apartment in D.C.|last=Hess|first=Abigail|date=November 8, 2018|work=CNBC|access-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117233348/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/08/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cant-afford-to-rent-an-apartment-in-dc.html|archive-date=November 17, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview-vogue-november-2018-issue|title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Other Progressives Are Defining the Midterms|first=Irina|last=Aleksander|work=Vogue|date=October 15, 2018|accessdate=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116065645/https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview-vogue-november-2018-issue|archive-date=November 16, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref> whom she has described as an "easygoing redhead".<ref name=OcasioRoberts>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview-vogue-november-2018-issue|title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Other Progressives Are Defining the Midterms|author=Irina Aleksander, photography by [[Annie Leibovitz]]|publisher=''[[Vogue (magazine)|VOGUE]]''|date=October 15, 2018|accessdate=February 17, 2019}}</ref><ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/everything-know-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-155000127.html] Accessed February 17, 2019.</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez voted to withdraw U.S. military aid for [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen|Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/yemen-war-saudi-arabia-house-vote-resolution-37-ro-khanna-paul-ryan/ |title=The House Vote to End Support for the War on Yemen Shows How Much Has Changed |last=Carden |first=James |date=February 14, 2019 |work=The Nation |access-date=August 2, 2019 |archive-date=June 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622105254/https://www.thenation.com/article/yemen-war-saudi-arabia-house-vote-resolution-37-ro-khanna-paul-ryan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She criticized President Trump's administration for escalating [[Iran–United States relations#2019–2020 escalation in tensions|tensions with Iran]], saying that it would bring the country into a "military conflict that is completely irresponsible".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/ocasio-cortez-tells-white-house-to-put-down-its-saber-and-call-tehran |title=Ocasio-Cortez tells White House to 'put down its saber,' and negotiate with Iran |last=DeMarche |first=Edmund |date=June 21, 2019 |work=[[Fox News]] |access-date=August 2, 2019 |archive-date=August 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807151905/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/ocasio-cortez-tells-white-house-to-put-down-its-saber-and-call-tehran |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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====Israel==== |
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In May 2018, Ocasio-Cortez criticized the [[Israel Defense Forces]]' use of deadly force against Palestinians participating in the [[2018 Gaza border protests]], calling it a "massacre" in a tweet.<ref>{{cite tweet|number=996009689312825344|user=AOC|last=Ocasio-Cortez|first=Alexandria|date=May 14, 2018|title=This is a massacre. I hope my peers have the moral courage to call it such. No state or entity is absolved of mass shootings of protesters. There is no justification. Palestinian people deserve basic human dignity, as anyone else. Democrats can't be silent about this anymore.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Allison |last=Kaplan Sommer |url=https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-democrat-who-slammed-israel-wins-new-york-primary-1.6218292 |title=Democrat Who Slammed Israel for Gaza Killings Is Shock Winner of New York Primary |date=June 27, 2018 |work=[[Haaretz]]|access-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627103125/https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-democrat-who-slammed-israel-wins-new-york-primary-1.6218292|archive-date=June 27, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In a July 2018 interview, she said she was "a proponent of a [[two-state solution]]"<ref name=hoover/> and called Israel's presence in the [[West Bank]] an "[[Israeli occupation of the West Bank|occupation of Palestine]]". After being asked to elaborate, she responded she was not "the expert on geopolitics on this issue".<ref name=Dunst/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Da Silva |first=Chantal |author-link=Chantal Da Silva |date=July 18, 2018 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez sparked outrage after condemning Israel's "occupation" of Palestinian territory |url=https://www.newsweek.com/ocasio-cortez-slams-israeli-occupation-walks-it-back-i-am-not-expert-1029386 |url-status=live |magazine=[[Newsweek]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106010257/https://www.newsweek.com/ocasio-cortez-slams-israeli-occupation-walks-it-back-i-am-not-expert-1029386 |archive-date=January 6, 2019 |access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref> Her use of the term "occupation" drew backlash from a number of pro-Israel groups and commentators.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/11/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-vs-the-right-fox-news-social-media |title="I Think A Lot of Them Can't Hide Their Misogyny": How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez De-Fanged The Fox News Haters |last=Nguyen |first=Tina |date=November 26, 2018 |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|access-date=January 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127000853/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/11/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-vs-the-right-fox-news-social-media|archive-date=January 27, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Dunst>{{cite news |date=July 17, 2018 |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-criticizes-israel-for-the-occupation-of-palestine/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez criticizes 'occupation of Palestine', but admits she's no expert |last=Dunst |first=Charles |newspaper=[[The Times of Israel]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119235924/https://www.timesofisrael.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-criticizes-israel-for-the-occupation-of-palestine/ |archive-date=November 19, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=December 18, 2018}}</ref> Others defended her remarks, citing the [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334|United Nations' designation]] of the territory in the West Bank as occupied.<ref>{{cite news |first=Harriet |last=Agerholm |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/alexandria-ocasiocortez-israel-palestine-occupation-us-west-bank-outrage-us-a8450781.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez prompts outrage for accurately referring to Israel's 'occupation' of Palestinian territory |date=July 17, 2018|access-date=January 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818173024/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/alexandria-ocasiocortez-israel-palestine-occupation-us-west-bank-outrage-us-a8450781.html|archive-date=August 18, 2018|url-status=live |newspaper=[[The Independent]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Batya |last=Ungar-Sargon |date=July 16, 2018 |url=https://forward.com/opinion/405682/what-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-really-thinks-about-israel/ |title=Opinion {{!}} What Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Really Thinks About Israel|newspaper=The Forward|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105162854/https://forward.com/opinion/405682/what-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-really-thinks-about-israel/|archive-date=January 5, 2019|url-status=live |access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref> In July 2019, Ocasio-Cortez voted against a House resolution introduced by Representative [[Brad Schneider]] condemning the Global [[Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions|Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions]] Movement targeting Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://forward.com/fast-forward/428179/congress-bds-aoc-tlaib-omar/ |date=July 24, 2019 |title=Here Are The 17 Members Of Congress Who Voted Against Condemning BDS |last=Pink |first=Aiden |website=[[The Forward]] |access-date=July 25, 2019 |archive-date=July 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725163710/https://forward.com/fast-forward/428179/congress-bds-aoc-tlaib-omar/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The resolution passed 398–17.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/246 |title=H.Res.246 – 116th Congress (2019-2020): Opposing efforts to delegitimize the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel. |last=Schneider |first=Bradley Scott |date=July 23, 2019 |website=www.congress.gov |access-date=July 25, 2019 |archive-date=July 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724073952/https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/246 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez warned that Israel's planned [[proposed Israeli annexation of the West Bank|annexation]] of [[Palestinian territories]] in the occupied West Bank "would lay the groundwork for [[Israel and apartheid|Israel becoming an apartheid state]]".<ref name="cortez-israel"/> She wrote to U.S. Secretary of State [[Mike Pompeo]] that she would work to "pursue legislation that conditions the $3.8{{spaces}}billion in U.S. military funding to Israel to ensure that U.S. taxpayers are not supporting annexation in any way".<ref name="cortez-israel">{{cite news |title=Ocasio-Cortez raises AIPAC ire over effort to tie Israel aid to annexation |first=Holly |last=Otterbeing |access-date=August 20, 2020 |url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2020/06/30/ocasio-cortez-raises-aipac-ire-over-effort-to-tie-israel-aid-to-annexation-1296133 |work=[[Politico]] |date=June 30, 2020 |archive-date=July 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725120027/https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2020/06/30/ocasio-cortez-raises-aipac-ire-over-effort-to-tie-israel-aid-to-annexation-1296133 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[American Israel Public Affairs Committee|AIPAC]] condemned the letter, saying it threatened the U.S.-Israel relationship.<ref>{{cite news |title=US Democrats, rights groups warn against West Bank annexation |first=William |last=Roberts |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/democrats-rights-groups-warn-west-bank-annexation-200630211014602.html |work=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] |date=July 1, 2020 |access-date=July 25, 2020 |archive-date=July 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727223022/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/06/democrats-rights-groups-warn-west-bank-annexation-200630211014602.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In May 2021, Ocasio-Cortez issued a statement condemning Israel's [[Sheikh Jarrah property dispute|evictions of Palestinian families]] from their homes in Israeli-occupied [[East Jerusalem]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Magid|first=Jacob|date=May 9, 2021|title=Sanders, Warren, Ocasio-Cortez slam Israel over pending Sheikh Jarrah evictions|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/sanders-warren-ocasio-cortez-slam-israel-over-pending-sheikh-jarrah-evictions/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509211810/https://www.timesofisrael.com/sanders-warren-ocasio-cortez-slam-israel-over-pending-sheikh-jarrah-evictions/|archive-date=May 9, 2021}}</ref> She criticized President Biden for saying Israel "has a right to defend itself", arguing that "blanket statements like these [with] little context or acknowledgement of what precipitated [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis|this cycle of violence]]—namely, the expulsions of Palestinians and attacks on Al Aqsa—dehumanize Palestinians [and] imply the US will look the other way at human rights violations."<ref>{{cite news |title='It's wrong': AOC hits out at Biden's Israel statement as Democrats demand end to Palestinian displacement |last1=Woodward|first1=Alex|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-palestine-israel-antony-blinken-b1846673.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513000351/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-palestine-israel-antony-blinken-b1846673.html |archive-date=May 13, 2021 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |work=[[The Independent]] |date=May 13, 2021}}</ref> |
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On September 23, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez abruptly changed her vote from "no" to "present" on a bill providing $1 billion for Israel's [[Iron Dome]] missile defense system, citing the "hateful targeting" she had received surrounding the bill. She apologized for her vote after receiving criticism on social media from some supporters of Israel and of Palestine but maintained her opposition to the bill due to Israel's "persistent human rights abuses against the Palestinian people".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Broadwater |first1=Luke |title=Ocasio-Cortez apologizes for her 'present' vote on Iron Dome funding. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/24/us/politics/aoc-israel-iron-dome.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/24/us/politics/aoc-israel-iron-dome.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021 |url-access=limited |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=September 25, 2021 |date=September 24, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
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On July 18, 2023, Ocasio-Cortez and eight other [[Progressivism in the United States#In the 21st century|progressive]] [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] ([[Jamaal Bowman]], [[Cori Bush]], [[Andre Carson]], [[Summer Lee]], [[Ilhan Omar]], [[Ayanna Pressley]], [[Delia Ramirez]], and [[Rashida Tlaib]]), voted against a [[United States Congress|congressional]] [[non-binding resolution]] proposed by [[August Pfluger]] that "the State of Israel is not a [[Zionism as settler colonialism#Historiography|racist]] or apartheid state", that Congress rejects "all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia", and that "the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel". She argued that it was wrong to pair "accusations of antisemitism with real concerns around the human rights crisis in the region" and that combining a "vote on antisemitism and discussion of apartheid and...two-tier legal systems is very cynical".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wong|first1=Scott|last2=Kaplan|first2=Rebecca|last3=Stewart|first3=Kyle|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/house-pass-resolution-backing-israel-jayapal-racist-state-rcna94897|title=House overwhelmingly passes resolution backing Israel after Rep. Jayapal calls it a 'racist state'|website=[[NBC News]]|date=July 18, 2023|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719000920/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/house-pass-resolution-backing-israel-jayapal-racist-state-rcna94897|archive-date=July 19, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez condemned [[2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel|Hamas's October 2023 attack on Israel]].<ref>{{cite news |title=AOC decries 'bigotry and callousness' of pro-Palestinian rally in New York |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/oct/10/aoc-palestinian-rally-new-york |work=The Guardian |date=10 October 2023}}</ref> On October 12, 2023, she criticized Israel's plans to [[2023 Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip|block electricity, water and fuel from Gaza]], calling it a "collective punishment and a violation of international law."<ref>{{cite news |title=Ocasio-Cortez Slams Israel For Cutting Gaza's Power And Water Supply |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ocasio-cortez-israel-gaza-power-supply_n_65283160e4b03ea0c0045b68 |work=HuffPost |date=October 12, 2023}}</ref> On October 16, she signed a resolution calling for a ceasefire in the [[Israel–Hamas war]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Progressive Democrats bring resolution calling for ceasefire in Israel-Hamas war |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/16/house-democrats-urge-biden-ceasefire-israel-hamas |work=The Guardian |date=17 October 2023}}</ref> On March 22, 2024, she characterized Israel's assault on Gaza as a genocide.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fandos |first1=Nicholas |title=Ocasio-Cortez, in House Speech, Accuses Israel of 'Genocide' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/22/nyregion/aoc-genocide.html |access-date=9 April 2024 |work=[[New York Times]] |date=22 March 2024}}</ref> |
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====Syria==== |
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In 2023, Ocasio-Cortez was among 56 Democrats to vote in favor of H.Con.Res. 21, which directed President [[Joe Biden]] to remove U.S. troops from [[Syria]] within 180 days.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/118-2023/h136 | title=H.Con.Res. 21: Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of … -- House Vote #136 -- Mar 8, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=House Votes Down Bill Directing Removal of Troops From Syria |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2023-03-08/house-votes-down-bill-directing-removal-of-troops-from-syria |access-date=April 4, 2023 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |date=March 8, 2023 |language=en-us}}</ref> |
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===Governance=== |
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====Judiciary==== |
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After [[Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination|the contentious confirmation]] of [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] Justice [[Amy Coney Barrett]], Ocasio-Cortez urged Democratic presidential nominee [[Joe Biden]] to [[Supreme Court of the United States#Size of the court|expand the court]] if he won and their party achieved a [[United States Senate|Senate]] majority.<ref>{{Cite news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706085440/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-urges-biden-pack-supreme-court-amy-coney-barrett-confirmation-b1374277.html|archive-date=July 6, 2022|title=AOC urges Biden to pack supreme court, says GOP doesn't think Democrats have the 'stones to play hardball'|date=October 27, 2022|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-urges-biden-pack-supreme-court-amy-coney-barrett-confirmation-b1374277.html|website=[[The Independent]]|last=Mathers|first=Matt}}</ref> In April 2021, she supported a bill to increase the Court's size.<ref>{{Cite news|website=[[Fox News]]|title=AOC backs court-packing push: 'We should be expanding the court'|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/aoc-backs-court-packing-push|last1=Schultz|first1=Marisa|last2=Phares|first2=Kelly|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422140544/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/aoc-backs-court-packing-push|archive-date=April 22, 2021}}</ref> She again called for expansion in September 2021 after the Court voted not to grant an emergency stay of the [[Texas Heartbeat Bill]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-leads-calls-expand-supreme-court-texas-abortion-law-1625336|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Leads Calls To Expand Supreme Court After Texas Abortion Law|date=September 2, 2021|last=Roche|first=Darragh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511052718/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-leads-calls-expand-supreme-court-texas-abortion-law-1625336|archive-date=May 11, 2022|website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref> |
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In March 2022, Ocasio-Cortez called on Justice [[Clarence Thomas]] to resign over [[Ginni Thomas#Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack|his wife's texts]] urging President Trump's [[White House chief of staff|chief of staff]] to [[Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election|overturn the 2020 presidential election]], raising a possible [[Federal impeachment in the United States|impeachment]] effort if he did not.<ref>{{Cite news|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/29/aoc-clarence-thomas-resign-supreme-court/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331013329/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/03/29/aoc-clarence-thomas-resign-supreme-court/|archive-date=March 31, 2022|date=March 29, 2022|title=Ocasio-Cortez calls on Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas to resign|last=Wang|first=Amy B}}</ref> After [[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization|the Supreme Court overturned ''Roe v. Wade'']] in June 2022, Ocasio-Cortez called for the impeachment of Justices [[Neil Gorsuch]] and [[Brett Kavanaugh]]. She alleged that the two had [[perjury|lied under oath]] about their views on ''Roe'' during their [[Nomination and confirmation to the Supreme Court of the United States#Confirmation|confirmation hearings]].<ref>{{Cite news|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/27/us/aoc-roe-abortion-scotus.html|title=Ocasio-Cortez wants two justices impeached for 'lying under oath.'|last=Shanahan|first=Ed|date=June 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707051834/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/27/us/aoc-roe-abortion-scotus.html|archive-date=July 7, 2022|url-access=subscription}}</ref> |
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In June 2022, after the Supreme Court made several consequential rulings and granted ''[[certiorari]]'' to ''[[Moore v. Harper]]'', which has a potential impact on future elections, Ocasio-Cortez tweeted that the U.S. was "witnessing a judicial coup in progress".<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1542567302029348865|user=AOC|date=June 30, 2022|last=Ocasio-Cortez|first=Alexandria|title=We are witnessing a judicial coup in process. If the President and Congress do not restrain the Court now, the Court is signaling they will come for the Presidential election next. All our leaders - regardless of party - must recognize this Constitutional crisis for what it is.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.salon.com/2022/07/01/aoc-says-the-us-is-witnessing-a-judicial-coup_partner/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702201520/https://www.salon.com/2022/07/01/aoc-says-the-us-is-witnessing-a-judicial-coup_partner/|archive-date=July 2, 2022|title=AOC says the U.S. is witnessing a "judicial coup"|date=July 1, 2022|last=Wilkins|first=Brett|website=[[Salon.com|Salon]]}}</ref> The next month, she claimed the Court had "gone rogue" and that impeachment, expansion, introduction of ethics rules and [[recusal]] requirements should be considered. She added that Thomas should certainly be impeached.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3557191-ocasio-cortez-supreme-court-has-gone-rogue/|date=July 13, 2022|title=Ocasio-Cortez: Supreme Court has 'gone rogue'|last=Vakil|first=Caroline|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713141058/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3557191-ocasio-cortez-supreme-court-has-gone-rogue/|archive-date=July 13, 2022|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> Two days later she led House progressives calling on the Democratic leadership in Congress to strip the Court of its jurisdiction "in the areas of abortion, marriage equality, non-procreative intimacy, and contraception". They pointed to Thomas's concurring opinion in ''Dobbs'', which suggested revisiting cases that established a constitutional right to [[contraception]], [[same-sex marriage]] and gay sex.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3561533-ocasio-cortez-progressives-call-on-schumer-pelosi-to-strip-scotus-of-abortion-jurisdiction/|title=Ocasio-Cortez, progressives call on Schumer, Pelosi to strip SCOTUS of abortion jurisdiction|last=Vakil|first=Caroline|website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|date=July 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715201412/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3561533-ocasio-cortez-progressives-call-on-schumer-pelosi-to-strip-scotus-of-abortion-jurisdiction/|archive-date=July 15, 2022}}</ref> |
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====Pay raises for Congress==== |
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In 2019, Ocasio-Cortez supported pay raises for Congress. She wrote, "It's not a fun or politically popular position to take. But consistency is important. ALL workers should get cost of living increases. That's why minimum wage should be pegged to inflation, too." Members of Congress make $174,000 annually; the Speaker makes $223,500 and House leaders make $193,400. Republican [[Kevin McCarthy]] joined her in supporting the pay raise, saying he did not want Congress to be a place where only the wealthy can afford to serve. Colleagues such as [[Joe Cunningham (American politician)|Joe Cunningham]] opposed the measure, saying, "We didn't come up here to give ourselves a raise".<ref>{{Cite news|last=Marcos|first=Cristina|date=June 11, 2019|title=GOP leader, Ocasio-Cortez give boost to lawmaker pay hike|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/448060-gop-leader-ocasio-cortez-give-boost-to-lawmaker-pay-hike/|access-date=April 8, 2021|archive-date=May 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508185448/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/448060-gop-leader-ocasio-cortez-give-boost-to-lawmaker-pay-hike|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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====Presidency of Donald Trump==== |
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On June 28, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez told CNN she would support the [[First impeachment of Donald Trump|impeachment of President Trump]], citing Trump's alleged violations of the [[Title of Nobility Clause|Emoluments Clause]] and saying that "we have to hold everyone accountable and that no person is above that law."<ref>{{cite news |agency=Tribune News Service |url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/national-news/primaries-upend-political-landscape-ahead-of-midterm-elections-and-could-spell-trouble-for-trump/ |title=Primaries upend political landscape ahead of midterm elections and could spell trouble for Trump |date=June 27, 2018 |work=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|access-date=June 28, 2018 |publisher=[[Tribune News Service]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628015406/http://www.sfexaminer.com/primaries-upend-political-landscape-ahead-midterm-elections-spell-trouble-trump/ |archive-date=June 28, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-impeach-trump-678821 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez says she supports impeaching Trump |last=Nelson |first=Louis |date=June 27, 2018 |work=[[Politico]]|access-date=June 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628184726/https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-impeach-trump-678821|archive-date=June 28, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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====Puerto Rico==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez has called for "solidarity with [[Puerto Rico]]". She has advocated for granting Puerto Ricans further civil rights, regardless of Puerto Rico's legal classification. She advocates for voting rights and disaster relief. Ocasio-Cortez was critical of [[FEMA]]'s response to [[Hurricane Maria]] and the federal government's unwillingness to address [[political status of Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico's political status]].<ref name="Puerto Rico Report">{{Cite news |url=https://www.puertoricoreport.com/is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-statehood/ |title=Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Statehood? |date=June 27, 2018 |publisher=Puerto Rico Report|access-date=July 4, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705003216/https://www.puertoricoreport.com/is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-for-statehood/|archive-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> She believes the federal government should increase investment in Puerto Rico.<ref name="Vox - top house democrat" /> In August 2020, Ocasio-Cortez and [[Nydia Velázquez]] introduced the Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2020, which was referred to the [[House Committee on Natural Resources]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Acevedo|first=Nicole|date=August 26, 2020|title=New AOC, Velázquez bill sparks backlash from pro-statehood Puerto Ricans|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/new-aoc-vel-zquez-bill-puerto-rico-s-status-sparks-n1238192|access-date=January 28, 2021|website=[[NBC News]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Velazquez|first=Nydia M.|date=August 25, 2020|title=Text – H.R.8113 – 116th Congress (2019-2020): Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2020|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/8113/text|access-date=March 8, 2021|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref> |
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On March 18, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez, Velázquez and Senator [[Bob Menendez]] introduced a new version, the Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2021,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://velazquez.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/reps-velazquez-ocasio-cortez-senator-menendez-introduce-puerto-rico-self|title = Reps. Velazquez, Ocasio-Cortez, Senator Menendez Introduce Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2021|date = March 18, 2021}}</ref> with over 70 co-sponsors in the House and seven co-sponsors in the Senate, including one Republican.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/new-bill-puerto-rico-status-introduced-reps-aoc-vel-zquez-n1261458|title=New bill on Puerto Rico status introduced by Reps. AOC, Velázquez, Sen. Menendez|website=[[NBC News]]|date=March 18, 2021 }}</ref> |
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===Healthcare=== |
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Ocasio-Cortez supports transitioning to a [[single-payer healthcare]] system and considers medical care a [[Human rights|human right]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/29/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-talks-poverty-in-the-us-with-steven-colbert.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: In a modern, moral, wealthy society, no person should be too poor to live |last=Clifford |first=Catherine |date=June 29, 2018|access-date=June 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629221816/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/29/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-talks-poverty-in-the-us-with-steven-colbert.html|archive-date=June 29, 2018|url-status=live |publisher=[[CNBC]]}}</ref><ref name="This is the platform">{{Cite news |first=John |last=Haltiwanger |date=January 4, 2019 |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-platform-on-the-issues-2018-6 |title=This is the platform that launched Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a 28-year-old Democratic socialist, to the biggest political upset of the year |work=[[Business Insider]]|access-date=June 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630025045/http://www.businessinsider.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-platform-on-the-issues-2018-6 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> She says that a single government health insurer should cover every American, reducing overall costs.<ref name="Jeff Stein campaigning" /> Her campaign website says, "Almost every other developed nation in the world has [[Universal health care|universal healthcare]]. It's time the United States catch up to the rest of the world in ensuring all people have real healthcare coverage that doesn't break the bank."<ref name="This is the platform" /> Many 2020 Democratic presidential candidates adopted the Medicare-for-all proposal.<ref name="Suderman 2018" /> |
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In June 2019 and in July 2021, Ocasio-Cortez proposed legislation that would remove restrictions placed on researching the medical use of [[psilocybin]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reliford|first=Alexis|date=June 9, 2019|title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Wants It To Be Easier To Study Magic Mushrooms & Other Psychedelics|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/06/234920/aoc-magic-mushrooms-psilocybin-mdma-legalize-medical-study|access-date=February 8, 2021|website=www.refinery29.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Jaeger|first=Kyle|date=July 22, 2021|title=AOC Promotes Research On Benefits Of Psychedelics Like Psilocybin And MDMA With New Amendment|url=https://www.marijuanamoment.net/aoc-promotes-research-on-benefits-of-psychedelics-like-psilocybin-and-mdma-with-new-amendment/|access-date=July 23, 2021|website=Marijuana Moment|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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===Social issues=== |
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[[File:Ministra Camila Vallejo, recibe a Delegación de Congresistas Demócratas en la Moneda (53125810354).jpg|thumb|Ocasio-Cortez with [[Camila Vallejo]] in Chile in 2023]] |
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====Abortion rights==== |
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{{main|Abortion rights}} |
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Ocasio-Cortez supports codifying the right to abortion, and is a member of the House pro-choice caucus.<ref>{{cite web | title=Reproductive Rights | website=Representative Ocasio-Cortez | date=September 17, 2021 | url=http://ocasio-cortez.house.gov/legislation/reproductive-rights | ref={{sfnref | Representative Ocasio-Cortez | 2021}} | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref> On July 19, 2022, after the Supreme Court overruled ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' in ''[[Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization]]'', she and 17 other members of Congress were arrested in an act of [[civil disobedience]] for refusing to clear a street during a protest for reproductive rights outside the [[United States Supreme Court Building|Supreme Court Building]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Aratani | first=Lauren | title=Democratic members of Congress arrested during pro-choice protest | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=July 19, 2022 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/19/aoc-arrested-protest-abortion-rights-democrats | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Reps. Ocasio-Cortez and Omar among Democrats arrested at abortion rights protest | website=[[NBC News]] | date=July 19, 2022 | url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/reps-ocasio-cortez-omar-democrats-arrested-abortion-rights-protest-rcna38956 | access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref> |
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====Education==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez campaigned in favor of establishing tuition-free public colleges and trade schools. She has said she is still paying off [[student loans]] herself and wants to cancel all [[student debt]].<ref name="This is the platform" /> |
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====Immigration==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez has expressed support for defunding and [[Abolish ICE|abolishing]] the [[U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (ICE) agency on multiple occasions. In February 2018 she called it "a product of the [[Presidency of George W. Bush|Bush-era]] [[Patriot Act]] suite of legislation" and "an enforcement agency that takes on more of a paramilitary tone every single day".<ref>{{cite news |first=Clio |last=Chang |url=https://splinternews.com/talking-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-woman-challe-1823967744 |title=Talking With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the Woman Challenging One of New York's Political Kingmakers |date=March 22, 2018 |publisher=[[Splinter News]]|access-date=June 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628153546/https://splinternews.com/talking-with-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-the-woman-challe-1823967744|archive-date=June 28, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first=Jack |last=Holmes |date=June 28, 2018 |url=https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/06/28/fox-news-reminds-us-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-platform-ispretty-reasonable |title=Fox News Reminds Us Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Platform Is ... Pretty Reasonable |publisher=Common Dreams |access-date=July 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712222623/https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/06/28/fox-news-reminds-us-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-platform-ispretty-reasonable |archive-date=July 12, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> That June, she said she would "stop short of fully disbanding the agency", and would rather "create a pathway to citizenship for more immigrants through decriminalization".<ref>{{cite web |first=Max |last=Siegelbaum |date=June 27, 2018 |url=https://documentedny.com/2018/06/27/early-arrival-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-in-upset-over-joe-crowley/ |title=Early Arrival: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez wins in upset over Joe Crowley |publisher=Documented NY|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713010717/https://documentedny.com/2018/06/27/early-arrival-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-wins-in-upset-over-joe-crowley/|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live |access-date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> She later clarified that this does not mean ceasing all deportations.<ref>{{cite tweet |user=ocasio2018 |number=1031926879752802304 |date=August 21, 2018 |title=#AbolishICE means not having an agency that incarcerates children and sexually assaults women with impunity. It does not mean abolish deportation. Also, I have no problem saying white supremacy has no place in this country. It's the GOP that struggles to say that. |access-date=December 10, 2018}}</ref> Two days before the primary election, Ocasio-Cortez attended a protest at an ICE child-detention center in [[Tornillo, Texas|Tornillo]], Texas.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/623752094/who-is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez |title=Who Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez? |last=Neuman |first=Scott |date=June 27, 2018 |publisher=[[NPR]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627080006/https://www.npr.org/2018/06/27/623752094/who-is-alexandria-ocasio-cortez|archive-date=June 27, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> She was the only Democrat to vote against H.R. 648, a bill to fund and reopen the government, because it funded ICE.<ref> |
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{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Allan |title=Ocasio-Cortez is lone Democrat to vote against bill to reopen government |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=February 7, 2019 |date=January 24, 2019 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-lone-democrat-vote-against-bill-re-open-government-n962111| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190205002024/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-lone-democrat-vote-against-bill-re-open-government-n962111| archive-date = February 5, 2019| url-status=live}} |
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*''For H.R. 648, see:'' {{cite web |title=H.R. 648 – Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/648 |date=January 23, 2019 |publisher=Office of the Clerk. U.S. House of Representatives |url-status=live |access-date=February 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180240/https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/648|archive-date=February 9, 2019}}</ref> |
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In January 2021, Ocasio-Cortez expressed support for the Roadmap to Freedom resolution to guide future immigration policy championed by Representative [[Pramila Jayapal]]. The resolution aims to safeguard vulnerable migrants while reducing criminal prosecutions of migrants.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Woodward |first1=Alex |title=Jayapal, AOC and progressive Democrats push 'overhaul' of US immigration system |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/biden-immigration-reform-aoc-jayapal-b1793785.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127221940/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/biden-immigration-reform-aoc-jayapal-b1793785.html |archive-date=January 27, 2021 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=March 3, 2021 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=January 27, 2021}}</ref> |
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=====Detention centers for undocumented immigrants===== |
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{{main|Trump administration migrant detentions}} |
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In June 2019, Ocasio-Cortez compared the [[Trump administration migrant detentions|detention centers for undocumented immigrants]] under the [[Trump administration]] at the [[Mexico–United States border]] to "[[concentration camps]]". She cited "expert analysis", linking to an ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' article quoting [[Andrea Pitzer]], author of ''One Long Night: A Global History of Concentration Camps'', who had made a similar claim.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez 'concentration camp' debate, explained |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camp-debate-explained/ |website=Times of Israel |author=JTA |access-date=June 25, 2019 |date=June 19, 2019 |archive-date=November 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116153110/https://www.timesofisrael.com/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camp-debate-explained/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CCampDebate">{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-unimaginable-reality-of-american-concentration-camps |title=The Unimaginable Reality of American Concentration Camps |last=Gessen |first=Masha |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=June 21, 2019 |access-date=June 23, 2019 |archive-date=June 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623012148/https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-unimaginable-reality-of-american-concentration-camps |url-status=live }}</ref> Some academics supported Ocasio-Cortez's use of the term for the forced detention of immigrants;<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hignett |first1=Katherine |title=Academics rally behind Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez over concentration camp comments: 'She is completely historically accurate' |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camps-immigrants-detention-centers-southern-border-experts-1445483 |website=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=June 24, 2019 |date=June 24, 2019 |archive-date=August 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823104256/https://www.newsweek.com/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camps-immigrants-detention-centers-southern-border-experts-1445483 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lind-Guzik |first1=Anna |title=I'm a Jewish historian. Yes, we should call border detention centers "concentration camps". |url=https://www.vox.com/first-person/2019/6/20/18693058/aoc-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camps-immigration-border |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |access-date=June 23, 2019 |date=June 20, 2019 |archive-date=June 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622145528/https://www.vox.com/first-person/2019/6/20/18693058/aoc-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-concentration-camps-immigration-border |url-status=live }}</ref> other figures strongly criticized it, saying it showed disrespect for [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]] victims.<ref>{{cite news |title=Yad Vashem to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Learn about concentration camps |first=Ilanit |last=Chernick |url=https://www.jpost.com/American-Politics/Yad-Vashem-to-AOC-Learn-about-concentration-camps-593059 |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=June 20, 2019 |access-date=June 22, 2019 |archive-date=June 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622112815/https://www.jpost.com/American-Politics/Yad-Vashem-to-AOC-Learn-about-concentration-camps-593059 |url-status=live }}</ref> In response to criticism from both Republicans and Democrats,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stolberg |first1=Sheryl |title=Ocasio-Cortez Calls Migrant Detention Centers 'Concentration Camps,' Eliciting Backlash |date=June 18, 2019 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/18/us/politics/ocasio-cortez-cheney-detention-centers.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=August 14, 2020 |archive-date=June 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613130347/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/18/us/politics/ocasio-cortez-cheney-detention-centers.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez said they had conflated concentration camps ("the mass detention of civilians without trial") with [[death camps]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rodrigo |first1=Chris |title=Ocasio-Cortez dismisses criticism from 'shrieking Republicans' |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/449076-ocasio-cortez-defends-concentration-camp-comments/ |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=June 24, 2019 |date=June 18, 2019 |archive-date=June 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623151515/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/449076-ocasio-cortez-defends-concentration-camp-comments |url-status=live }}</ref> She refused to apologize for using the term: "If that makes you uncomfortable, fight the camps, not the nomenclature."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gstalter |first1=Morgan |title=Ocasio-Cortez stands by concentration camp remarks: 'I will never apologize' |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/449348-ocasio-cortez-stands-by-concentration-camp-remarks-i-will-never-apologize-for/ |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |access-date=June 23, 2019 |date=June 19, 2019 |archive-date=June 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623151334/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/449348-ocasio-cortez-stands-by-concentration-camp-remarks-i-will-never-apologize-for |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In July 2019, Ocasio-Cortez visited migrant detention centers and other facilities in Texas as part of a congressional delegation to witness the border crisis firsthand. She described the conditions as "horrifying". She said that women in one cell said they had not had access to showers for two weeks and were told to drink water from the toilet when their sink broke, and that one woman said that her daughters had been taken from her two weeks earlier and she did not know where they were.<ref>{{cite news |title=Border agents confiscated lawmakers' phones. Joaquin Castro captured photo and video anyway. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/07/02/ocasio-cortez-says-dispute-with-border-patrol-agents-started-after-one-tried-take-stealth-selfie/ |first1=Katie |last1=Mettler |first2=Mike |last2=DeBonis |first3=Reis |last3=Thebault |date=July 2, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=July 2, 2019 |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702164257/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/07/02/ocasio-cortez-says-dispute-with-border-patrol-agents-started-after-one-tried-take-stealth-selfie/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/02/migrant-children-detained-clint-border-patrol-station-congressional-hispanic-caucus/1625831001/ |title='Broken' and 'horrifying': AOC, Joaquin Castro, lawmakers visit Texas border facilities |website=[[USA Today]] |date=July 2, 2019 |last1=Villagran |first1=Lauren |access-date=July 2, 2019 |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702162459/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/07/02/migrant-children-detained-clint-border-patrol-station-congressional-hispanic-caucus/1625831001/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In February 2021, when the Biden administration reopened a [[Carrizo Springs, Texas]], center to house unaccompanied migrant children, Ocasio-Cortez responded that such actions "never will be okay—no matter the administration or party".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ordoñez |first1=Franco |title=Biden Pledges That Border Shelter For Teens 'Won't Stay Open Very Long' |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/25/971425227/fact-check-biden-reopens-border-shelters-for-teens-but-its-not-kids-in-cages |access-date=March 3, 2021 |work=[[NPR]] |date=February 25, 2021}}</ref> For short-term measures to address the situation, she called for mandatory licensing for such centers and urged reconsideration of how the centers are "contracted out".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aggarwal |first1=Mayank |title=AOC joins backlash over Biden child migrant camp: 'This is not okay' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-biden-child-migrant-camp-b1806510.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224094211/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/aoc-biden-child-migrant-camp-b1806510.html |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=March 3, 2021 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=February 24, 2021}}</ref> |
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====LGBTQ equality==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a proponent of [[LGBT rights|LGBTQ rights]] and LGBTQ+ equality. She has said she supports the [[LGBTQ community]] and thanked its members for their role in her campaign.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Eve |last=Hartley |date=June 27, 2018 |url=https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lgbt-win/ |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez thanks LGBT community after landmark win |publisher=PinkNews |access-date=July 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161747/https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-lgbt-win/ |archive-date=July 6, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Vox - top house democrat" /> She publicized and later appeared on a [[video game live stream]] to help raise money for [[Mermaids (charity)|Mermaids]], a UK-based charity for trans children.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://slate.com/culture/2019/01/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aaron-sorkin-graham-linehan-h-bomberguy-donkey-kong-twitch-stream.html |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Spent Her Weekend Dunking on Aaron Sorkin and Raising Money for Trans Kids |last=Dessem |first=Matthew |date=January 21, 2019 |publisher=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |access-date=January 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232832/https://slate.com/culture/2019/01/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-aaron-sorkin-graham-linehan-h-bomberguy-donkey-kong-twitch-stream.html |archive-date=January 21, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> At the January 2019 New York City [[2019 Women's March|Women's March]] in [[LGBT culture in New York City|Manhattan]], Ocasio-Cortez gave a detailed speech in support of measures needed to ensure LGBTQ equality in the workplace and elsewhere.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thegavoice.com/news/aoc-gives-powerful-pro-lgbtq-speech-at-nyc-womens-march/ |title=AOC Gives Powerful Pro-LGBTQ Speech at NYC Women's March |first=Katie |last=Burkholder |date=January 22, 2019 |access-date=February 17, 2019 |archive-date=February 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203175513/https://thegavoice.com/news/aoc-gives-powerful-pro-lgbtq-speech-at-nyc-womens-march/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She has also spoken in support of [[transgender]] rights, specifically saying, "Trans rights are civil rights are human rights."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thecut.com/2019/01/ocasio-cortez-joins-charity-twitch-stream-for-trans-youth.html |work=thecut.com |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |date=January 21, 2019 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Casually Joins Gaming Livestream For a Good Cause |first=Amanda |last=Arnold |access-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412150325/https://www.thecut.com/2019/01/ocasio-cortez-joins-charity-twitch-stream-for-trans-youth.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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At the House Committee on Oversight and Reform on February 27, 2020, Ocasio-Cortez argued for LGBTQ equality in the context of her religious background. Referencing a Catholic hospital that refused a [[hysterectomy]] for a transgender man,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Avery |first1=Daniel |title=Court Rules Transgender Man Can Sue Hospital That Canceled His Hysterectomy |url=https://www.newsweek.com/transgender-man-sue-hospital-evan-minton-1460664 |website=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=February 28, 2020 |date=February 28, 2020 |archive-date=February 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227160954/https://www.newsweek.com/transgender-man-sue-hospital-evan-minton-1460664 |url-status=live }}</ref> she argued, "[t]here is nothing holy about rejecting medical care of people, no matter who they are, on the grounds of what their identity is. There is nothing holy about turning someone away from a hospital."<ref>{{cite web |last1=DeMarche |first1=Edmund |title=Ocasio-Cortez says Jesus would be maligned in Congress |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/ocasio-cortez-says-jesus-would-be-maligned-in-congress |website=[[Fox News]] |access-date=February 28, 2020 |date=February 28, 2020 |archive-date=February 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228100115/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/ocasio-cortez-says-jesus-would-be-maligned-in-congress |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rep AOC's Speech on Personal Faith at Admin's Religious Liberties Assault on LGBTQ Rights |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuvEzMybwus |website=YouTube |publisher=Oversight Committee |access-date=February 28, 2020 |archive-date=March 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303134729/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuvEzMybwus |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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====Police funding==== |
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Ocasio-Cortez supports the "[[defund the police]]" movement. Asked to give her interpretation of the movement, she said, "It looks like a suburb", and "affluent white communities already ... fund youth, health, housing etc more than they fund police. When a teenager or preteen does something harmful in a suburb ... White communities bend over backwards to find alternatives to incarceration.... Why don't we treat Black and Brown people the same way?"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dixon |first=Emily |date=2020-06-12 |title=AOC Was Asked About Defunding the Police and Her Answer Went Viral |url=https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a32849383/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-defund-the-police/ |access-date=2023-08-21 |website=Marie Claire Magazine |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Political endorsements== |
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Ocasio-Cortez endorsed [[Bernie Sanders]] in the 2020 presidential election and appeared with him at speaking engagements. Campaign rallies she attended with him drew the largest crowds of any presidential rally. On January 25, she joined [[Michael Moore]] to fill in for Sanders at a rally at the University of Iowa while Sanders was attending the Senate's [[First impeachment of Donald Trump|Trump impeachment trial]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nicosia |first1=Dominic |title=Speculation Of AOC's Presidential Run Goes Rampant As She Stumps For Sanders |date=December 27, 2019 |url=https://www.ibtimes.com/speculation-aocs-presidential-run-goes-rampant-she-stumps-sanders-2893070 |website=International Business Times |access-date=January 27, 2020 |archive-date=January 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128051234/https://www.ibtimes.com/speculation-aocs-presidential-run-goes-rampant-she-stumps-sanders-2893070 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Walker |first1=Hunter |title=AOC and Michael Moore urge Iowa voters not to 'play it safe' as they stand in for Sanders |url=https://www.aol.com/article/news/2020/01/25/aoc-and-michael-moore-urge-iowa-voters-not-to-play-it-safe-as-they-stand-in-for-sanders/23908632/ |date=January 25, 2020 |website=[[Yahoo! News]] |access-date=January 27, 2020 |archive-date=January 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125204346/https://www.aol.com/article/news/2020/01/25/aoc-and-michael-moore-urge-iowa-voters-not-to-play-it-safe-as-they-stand-in-for-sanders/23908632/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In January 2020, Ocasio-Cortez announced the formation of a [[Political action committee|PAC]] called [[Courage to Change (political action committee)|Courage to Change]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-pac-courage-to-change_n_5e1abaebc5b650c621dfcb12 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's New PAC Is Already Raising Big Money |last=Marans |first=Daniel |date=January 12, 2020 |website=[[HuffPost]]|language=en |access-date=February 22, 2020 |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220035128/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-pac-courage-to-change_n_5e1abaebc5b650c621dfcb12 |url-status=live }}</ref> which announced its first endorsements of progressive Democrats on February 21, 2020.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/aoc-announces-new-pac-endorses-slate-progressive-candidates-congress-n1140306 |title=AOC announces new PAC, endorses slate of progressive candidates for Congress |first=Rebecca |last=Shabad |work=[[NBC News]] |date=February 21, 2020 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |archive-date=March 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318214049/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/aoc-announces-new-pac-endorses-slate-progressive-candidates-congress-n1140306 |url-status=live }}</ref> Some progressive commentators subsequently criticized Ocasio-Cortez for having only endorsed two Democratic primary challengers by March 3. A notable omission was [[Cori Bush]], who had received an endorsement from Ocasio-Cortez two years prior.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/albany/story/2020/03/29/the-new-aoc-divides-the-left-1269548 |title=The 'new' AOC divides the left |first1=Alex |last1=Thompson |first2=Holly |last2=Otterbein |website=[[Politico]]|date=March 30, 2020 |access-date=April 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410221919/https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/albany/story/2020/03/29/the-new-aoc-divides-the-left-1269548 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In July 2023, Ocasio-Cortez endorsed [[President of the United States|President]] [[Joe Biden]] in his reelection campaign in the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/aoc-endorses-biden-2024-president-democrats-3c722f5ac1bc2c568b6d962d4fe4e2b7 |title=Ocasio-Cortez endorses Biden's reelection campaign, sending a strong signal of Democratic unity |first=Michelle |last=Price |work=[[Associated Press]]|date=July 7, 2023 |access-date=August 21, 2023 }}</ref> |
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==Congressional service== |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:94%; margin:auto;" |
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|- |
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! colspan="7" style="background:#cff;"|[[United States Congress]]ional service |
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|- |
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!Dates |
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!Congress |
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!Chamber |
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!Majority |
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!President |
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!Committees |
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!Class/District |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|2019–2021 |
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|[[116th United States Congress|116th]] |
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|rowspan="2" |[[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House]] |
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|rowspan="2" |[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |
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|[[Donald Trump]] |
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|rowspan="2" |[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Financial Services]], [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform|Oversight and Reform]] |
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|rowspan="2" |[[New York's 14th congressional district|District 14]] |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|2021–2023 |
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|[[117th United States Congress|117th]] |
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|[[Donald Trump]]<br />[[Joe Biden]] |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|2023–2025 |
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|[[118th United States Congress|118th]] |
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|[[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House]] |
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|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] |
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|[[Joe Biden]] |
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|[[United States House Committee on Natural Resources|Natural Resources]], [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform|Oversight and Accountability]] |
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|[[New York's 14th congressional district|District 14]] |
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|- |
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|} |
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==Electoral history== |
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===2018=== |
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{{Election box begin no change |
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| title = 2018 New York's 14th congressional district Democratic primary |
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}} |
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{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 16,898 |
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| percentage = 56.7 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = [[Joseph Crowley]] (incumbent) |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 12,880 |
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| percentage = 43.3 |
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}} |
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{{Election box total no change |
|||
| votes = 29,778 |
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| percentage = 100.0 |
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}} |
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{{Election box end}} |
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{{Election box begin no change |
|||
| title = [[2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|2018 New York's 14th congressional district general election]] |
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}} |
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{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 110,318 |
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| percentage = 78.2 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Anthony Pappas |
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| party = Republican Party (United States) |
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| votes = 19,202 |
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| percentage = 13.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''Joseph Crowley'' |
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| party = Working Families Party |
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| votes = 8,075 |
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| percentage = 5.7 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''Joseph Crowley'' |
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| party = Women's Equality Party (New York) |
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| votes = 1,273 |
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| percentage = 0.9 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate no change |
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| candidate = [[Joseph Crowley]] (incumbent) |
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| party = Total |
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| votes = 9,348 |
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| percentage = 6.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Elizabeth Perri |
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| party = Conservative Party of New York State |
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| votes = 2,254 |
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| percentage = 1.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box total no change |
|||
| votes = 141,122 |
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| percentage = 100.0 |
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}} |
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{{Election box hold with party link no change |
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|winner = Democratic Party (United States) |
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}} |
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{{Election box end}} |
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===2020=== |
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{{Election box begin no change |
|||
| title = 2020 New York's 14th congressional district Democratic primary<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/06/23/us/elections/results-new-york-house-district-14-primary-election.html |title=New York Primary Election Results: 14th Congressional District |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 17, 2020 |access-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923223716/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/06/23/us/elections/results-new-york-house-district-14-primary-election.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change |
|||
| candidate = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent) |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
|||
| votes = 46,577 |
|||
| percentage = 74.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
|||
| candidate = [[Michelle Caruso-Cabrera]] |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 11,337 |
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| percentage = 18.2 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
|||
| candidate = Badrun Khan |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 3,119 |
|||
| percentage = 5.0 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
|||
| candidate = [[Sam Sloan]] |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 1,406 |
|||
| percentage = 2.3 |
|||
}} |
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{{Election box total no change |
|||
| votes = 62,439 |
|||
| percentage = 100.0 |
|||
}} |
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{{Election box end}} |
|||
{{Election box begin no change |
|||
| title = [[2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|2020 New York's 14th congressional district general election]] |
|||
}} |
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{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change |
|||
| candidate = Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent) |
|||
| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
|||
| votes = 152,661 |
|||
| percentage = 71.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''John Cummings'' |
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| party = Republican Party (United States) |
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| votes = 52,477 |
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| percentage = 24.6 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''John Cummings'' |
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| party = Conservative Party of New York State |
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| votes = 5,963 |
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| percentage = 2.8 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate no change |
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| candidate = John Cummings |
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| party = Total |
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| votes = 58,440 |
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| percentage = 27.4 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = [[Michelle Caruso-Cabrera]] |
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| party = Serve America Movement |
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| votes = 2,000 |
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| percentage = 1.0 |
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}} |
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{{Election box total no change |
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| votes = 213,101 |
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| percentage = 100.0 |
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}} |
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{{Election box hold with party link no change |
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|winner = Democratic Party (United States) |
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}} |
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{{Election box end}} |
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===2022=== |
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{{Election box begin no change |
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| title = [[2022 United States House of Representatives elections in New York#District 14|2022 New York's 14th congressional district general election]] |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez'' |
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| party = Democratic Party (United States) |
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| votes = 74,050 |
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| percentage = 63.40 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = ''Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez'' |
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| party = Working Families Party |
|||
| votes = 8,403 |
|||
| percentage = 7.19 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate no change |
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| candidate = '''Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent)''' |
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| party = '''Total''' |
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| votes = '''82,453''' |
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| percentage = '''70.60''' |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Tina Forte |
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| party = Republican Party (United States) |
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| votes = 31,935 |
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| percentage = 27.34 |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
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| candidate = Desi Cuellar |
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| party = Conservative Party of New York State |
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| votes = 2,208 |
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| percentage = 1.89 |
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}} |
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{{Election box write-in with party link no change |
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| votes = 194 |
|||
| percentage = 0.17 |
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}} |
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{{Election box total no change |
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| votes = 116,790 |
|||
| percentage = 100.0 |
|||
}} |
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{{Election box hold with party link no change |
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|winner = Democratic Party (United States) |
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}} |
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{{Election box end}} |
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==Awards and honors== |
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The [[MIT Lincoln Laboratory]] named the [[asteroid]] [[23238 Ocasio-Cortez]] after her when she was a senior in high school in recognition of her second-place finish in the 2007 [[Intel International Science and Engineering Fair]].<ref name="Malloy Rising"/><ref name="NASA"/> Ocasio-Cortez was named the 2017 National Hispanic Institute Person of the Year by [[Ernesto Nieto]].<ref name="NHI Person of the Year" /> In 2019, Ocasio-Cortez received the [[Adelle Foley Award]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pen-oakland.org/awards-winners |title=PEN Oakland Awards & Winners |website=PEN Oakland |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116153109/https://www.pen-oakland.org/awards-winners |archive-date=November 16, 2020 |access-date=March 26, 2020 }}</ref> She was named as one of the 2019 [[BBC 100 Women]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/in-the-know/in-the-know/466199-ocasio-cortez-thunberg-and-rapinoe-make-bbcs-100-most-inspiring/ |title=Ocasio-Cortez, Thunberg, Rapinoe make BBC's 100 most inspiring women of 2019 |last=Folley |first=Aris |date=October 16, 2019 |website=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415044902/https://thehill.com/blogs/in-the-know/in-the-know/466199-ocasio-cortez-thunberg-and-rapinoe-make-bbcs-100-most-inspiring |archive-date=April 15, 2020 |access-date=February 23, 2020 }}</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
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After the death of Ocasio-Cortez's father in 2008, her mother and grandmother moved to [[Florida]] due to financial hardship.<ref name="Vivian Wang Giant Slayer" /><ref name="Huffpo - 5 reasons" /> She still has family in [[Puerto Rico]], where her grandfather was living in a nursing home<ref name="Puerto Rico Report" /> before he died in the aftermath of [[Hurricane Maria]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/my-grandfather-died-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-slams-trump-puerto-rico-pr-tweet/1821994/ |date=September 14, 2018 |title='My Grandfather Died': Ocasio-Cortez Slams Trump's PR Denial |publisher=NBC New York|access-date=September 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929233312/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/My-Grandfather-Died-Alexandria-Ocasio-Cortez-Slams-Trump-Puerto-Rico-PR-Tweet-493285661.html |agency=[[Associated Press]] |archive-date=September 29, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Ocasio-Cortez said that "to be Puerto Rican is to be the descendant of{{spaces}}... African [[Moors]] [and] [[Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies|slaves]], [[Taíno|Taino Indians]], Spanish colonizers, Jewish refugees, and likely others. We are all of these things and something else all at once—we are ''[[Boricua]]''."<ref name=Goldmacher/> |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]]. She discussed her faith and its impact on her life and her campaign for [[Criminal justice reform in the United States|criminal justice reform]] in an article she wrote for ''[[America (magazine)|America]]'', the magazine of the [[Jesuit]] order in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ocasio-Cortez |first=Alexandria |date=June 27, 2018 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez on her Catholic faith and the urgency of a criminal justice reform |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-her-catholic-faith-and-urgency-criminal |access-date=August 31, 2018 |newspaper=[[America (magazine)|America]] |quote=Innocence, in its mercy, partly excuses us from having to fully reckon with the spiritual gifts of forgiveness, grace and redemption at the heart of the [[Catechism of the Catholic Church|Catechism]]: I believe in the forgiveness of sins.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627233436/https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2018/06/27/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-her-catholic-faith-and-urgency-criminal|archive-date=June 27, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> She said she has some [[Sephardic Jewish]] ancestry.<ref name="Jewish">Citations for Jewish ancestry: |
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*{{Cite news |last=Stanley-Becker |first=Isaac |date=December 9, 2018 |title=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez reveals Jewish ancestry at Hanukkah celebration |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=January 26, 2019 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/12/10/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry-hanukkah-celebration/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174813/https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/12/10/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry-hanukkah-celebration/ |archive-date=January 19, 2019 |url-status=live }} |
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*{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Allan |title=Ocasio-Cortez reveals her Jewish heritage: 'I knew it! I sensed it!' |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=January 26, 2019 |date=December 10, 2018 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-reveals-her-jewish-heritage-i-knew-it-i-n946041 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216005639/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-reveals-her-jewish-heritage-i-knew-it-i-n946041 |archive-date=December 16, 2018 |url-status=live}} |
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*{{Cite news |first=Taly |last=Krupkin |date=December 10, 2018 |url=https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/.premium-ocasio-cortez-claims-jewish-heritage-at-ny-event-my-family-were-sephardic-jews-1.6727455 |title=Ocasio-Cortez Shares Jewish Heritage at NY Event: 'My Family Were Sephardic Jews' |work=[[Haaretz]] |access-date=December 9, 2018 |quote=a very, very long time ago, generations and generations ago, my family consisted of Sephardic Jews. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210054547/https://www.haaretz.com/amp/us-news/.premium-ocasio-cortez-claims-jewish-heritage-at-ny-event-my-family-were-sephardic-jews-1.6727455 |archive-date=December 10, 2018 |url-status=live}} |
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*{{Cite news |first=Cummings |last=William |date=December 11, 2018 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/12/11/ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry/2275410002/ |title=Incoming congresswoman Ocasio-Cortez reveals Jewish ancestry at New York Hanukkah event |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-date=April 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418112409/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/onpolitics/2018/12/11/ocasio-cortez-reveals-jewish-ancestry/2275410002/ |url-status=live }} |
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*{{Cite news |first=Ben |last=Sales |date=August 1, 2019 |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/florida-jewish-journal/fl-jj-ocasio-cortez-israel-anti-semitism-holocaust-sanders-20190807-20190801-ukn6meextnfdrearjx4ew2qzym-story.html |title=Ocasio-Cortez talks about Israel, anti-Semitism, the Holocaust and Bernie Sanders |work=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] |access-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-date=October 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008060341/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/florida-jewish-journal/fl-jj-ocasio-cortez-israel-anti-semitism-holocaust-sanders-20190807-20190801-ukn6meextnfdrearjx4ew2qzym-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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During the 2018 election campaign, Ocasio-Cortez resided in [[Parkchester, Bronx]], with her partner, [[web developer]] Riley Roberts.<ref name="Abigail Hess apartment">{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/08/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cant-afford-to-rent-an-apartment-in-dc.html |title=Youngest woman elected to Congress Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez can't afford an apartment in D.C. |last=Hess |first=Abigail |date=November 8, 2018 |website=[[CNBC]]|access-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117233348/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/08/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-cant-afford-to-rent-an-apartment-in-dc.html|archive-date=November 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=OcasioRoberts>{{cite web |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview-vogue-november-2018-issue |title=How Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Other Progressives Are Defining the Midterms |first=Irina |last=Aleksander |work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]] |date=October 15, 2018 |access-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116065645/https://www.vogue.com/article/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview-vogue-november-2018-issue|archive-date=November 16, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Igoe |first=Katherine J. |date=January 15, 2019 |title=Everything We Know About Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Boyfriend |url=https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/everything-know-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-155000127.html |work=[[Marie Claire]] |access-date=February 17, 2019 |archive-date=February 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218082242/https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/everything-know-alexandria-ocasio-cortezs-155000127.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> They became engaged in April 2022 in [[Puerto Rico]].<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Eliza |last1=Relman |last2=Lahut |first2=Jake |title=Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez confirms she's engaged to longtime partner Riley Roberts: 'Yep! It's true' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/aoc-engagement-confirmed-boyfriend-name-riley-roberts-2022-5 |access-date=May 19, 2022 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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[[OpenSecrets]], analyzing financial disclosure forms, ranked Ocasio-Cortez one of the least wealthy members of the 116th Congress, with a maximum [[net worth]] of $30,000.<ref>{{cite web|title=Freshmen in the 116th Congress |url=https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/new-members?display=A&year=2018 |website=Open Secrets |publisher=[[OpenSecrets]] |access-date=March 10, 2021}}</ref> |
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In May 2021, Ocasio-Cortez said that she had been in [[psychotherapy]] after the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]], which she called "extraordinarily traumatizing", saying she "did not know if I was going to make it to the end of that day alive".<ref>{{cite news |last=Garner |first=Glenn |url=https://people.com/politics/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-sought-therapy-after-capitol-riots/ |title=Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Sought Therapy After 'Extraordinarily Traumatizing' Capitol Riots |work=[[People (magazine)|People]] |date=May 22, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 }}</ref> |
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Ocasio-Cortez is a fan of the [[New York Yankees]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Rosenburg |first=Eli |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2019/04/15/aoc-says-shes-diehard-fan-new-york-baseball-team-not-one-her-district/ |title= AOC says she's a diehard fan of a New York baseball team — but not the one in her district |work=[[Washington Post |Washington Post]] |date=April 15, 2019|access-date=April 21, 2024 }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress]] |
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* [[List of Puerto Ricans]] |
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*[[List of Democratic Socialists of America who have held office in the United States]] |
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* [[History of women in Puerto Rico]] |
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* |
*[[Nuyorican]] |
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*[[Puerto Ricans in New York City]] |
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*[[Puerto Ricans in the United States#New York City|Puerto Ricans in the United States]] |
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*[[Women in the United States House of Representatives]] |
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== |
== Explanatory notes == |
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{{Notelist}} |
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{{reflist|colwidth=30em}} |
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==References== |
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== External links == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Sisterlinks|d=Q55223040|q=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|c=Category:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|wikt=no|s=Author:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez}} |
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* [https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov/ Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez] official House website |
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==Further reading== |
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* [https://ocasio2018.com/ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress] |
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* {{cite book | last=Lopez | first=Lynda | title=AOC: The Fearless Rise and Powerful Resonance of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez |publisher=[[St. Martin's Publishing Group]] | publication-place=New York | date=2020 | isbn=978-1-250-25741-3 | oclc=1141032197}} |
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* {{C-SPAN|109304}} |
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* {{cite book | author=((The Editors of ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine)) | title=Take Up Space: The Unprecedented AOC | publisher= [[Simon & Schuster]] | publication-place=New York | date=2022 | isbn=978-1-5011-6697-6 | oclc=1263661994}} |
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* {{IMDb name}} |
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* [https://www.politifact.com/personalities/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's file] at [[Politifact]] |
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==External links== |
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* {{CongLinks | congbio=O000172 | votesmart=180416 | fec=H8NY15148 | congress=alexandria-ocasio-cortez/O000172 }} |
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{{Sister project links|d=Q55223040|q=Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|c=Category:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|species=no|wikt=no|s=Author:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez}} |
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*{{official website|https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov}} |
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*[https://www.ocasiocortez.com/ Campaign website] |
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*{{C-SPAN|109304}} |
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*[https://www.politifact.com/personalities/alexandria-ocasio-cortez/ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's file] at [[PolitiFact]] |
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{{CongLinks | congbio=O000172 | votesmart=180416 | fec=H8NY15148 | congress=alexandria-ocasio-cortez/O000172 }} |
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Revision as of 03:01, 12 May 2024
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | |
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Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 14th district | |
Assumed office January 3, 2019 | |
Preceded by | Joe Crowley |
Personal details | |
Born | New York City, U.S. | October 13, 1989
Political party | Democratic |
Other political affiliations | Working Families Party[a] Democratic Socialists of America[b] |
Education | Boston University (BA) |
Signature | |
Website | House website |
This article is part of a series on |
Socialism in the United States |
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Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (/oʊˌkɑːsioʊ kɔːrˈtɛz/ oh-KAH-see-oh kor-TEZ, Spanish: [aleɣˈsandɾja oˈkasjo koɾˈtes]; born October 13, 1989), also known by her initials AOC, is an American left-wing politician and activist. She has served as the U.S. representative for New York's 14th congressional district since 2019, as a member of the Democratic Party.
On June 26, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez drew national recognition when she won the Democratic Party's primary election for New York's 14th congressional district. She defeated Democratic Caucus Chair Joe Crowley, a 10-term incumbent, in what was widely seen as the biggest upset victory in the 2018 midterm election primaries.[3][4][5] She easily won the November general election, defeating Republican Anthony Pappas. She was reelected in the 2020 and 2022 elections.
Taking office at age 29, Ocasio-Cortez is the youngest woman ever to serve in the United States Congress.[6][7] She has been noted for her substantial social media presence relative to her fellow members of Congress.[8] Ocasio-Cortez attended Boston University, where she double-majored in international relations and economics, graduating cum laude. She was previously an activist and worked as a waitress and bartender before running for Congress in 2018.
Alongside Rashida Tlaib, Ocasio-Cortez was the first female member of the Democratic Socialists of America elected to serve in Congress.[9][10] She advocates a progressive platform that includes support for workplace democracy,[11] Medicare for All, tuition-free public college, a federal jobs guarantee, a Green New Deal, and abolishing the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
Early life and education
Ocasio-Cortez was born in the New York City borough of the Bronx on October 13, 1989, the daughter of Sergio Ocasio-Roman and Blanca Ocasio-Cortez (née Cortez).[12] She has a younger brother named Gabriel.[13] Her father was born in the Bronx to a Puerto Rican family and became an architect; her mother was born in Puerto Rico.[14][15][16] Ocasio-Cortez lived with her family in an apartment in the Bronx neighborhood of Parkchester[15] until she was five, when the family moved to a house in suburban Yorktown Heights.[15][17]
Ocasio-Cortez attended Yorktown High School, graduating in 2007.[18] In high school and college, Ocasio-Cortez went by the name of "Sandy Ocasio".[19] She came in second in the microbiology category of the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair in 2007 with a research project on the effect of antioxidants on the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.[20][21] In a show of appreciation for her efforts, the MIT Lincoln Laboratory named a small asteroid after her: 23238 Ocasio-Cortez.[22][23] In high school, she took part in the National Hispanic Institute's Lorenzo de Zavala (LDZ) Youth Legislative Session. She later became the LDZ Secretary of State while she attended Boston University. Ocasio-Cortez had a John F. Lopez Fellowship.[24]
After graduating from high school, Ocasio-Cortez enrolled at Boston University. Her father died of lung cancer in 2008 during her second year,[25][26] and Ocasio-Cortez became involved in a lengthy probate dispute to settle his estate. She has said that the experience helped her learn "first-hand how attorneys appointed by the court to administer an estate can enrich themselves at the expense of the families struggling to make sense of the bureaucracy".[27] During college, Ocasio-Cortez was an intern for U.S. senator Ted Kennedy in his section on foreign affairs and immigration issues.[28] In interviews, she claimed to have been the only Spanish speaker in the office and the sole person responsible for assisting Spanish-speaking constituents.[28][29][30] Ocasio-Cortez graduated cum laude[31] from Boston University in 2011 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in both international relations and economics.[32][29][33]
Early career
After college, Ocasio-Cortez moved back to the Bronx and took a job as a bartender and waitress to help her mother—a house cleaner and school bus driver—fight foreclosure of their home.[34][35] She later launched Brook Avenue Press, a now-defunct publishing firm for books that portrayed the Bronx in a positive light.[36][37] Ocasio-Cortez also worked for the nonprofit National Hispanic Institute.[24][38][39]
During the 2016 primary, Ocasio-Cortez worked as an organizer for Bernie Sanders's presidential campaign.[40] After the general election, she traveled across America by car, visiting places such as Flint, Michigan, and Standing Rock Indian Reservation in North Dakota, and speaking to people affected by the Flint water crisis and the Dakota Access Pipeline.[41] In an interview she recalled her December 2016 visit to Standing Rock as a tipping point, saying that before that, she had believed that the only way to run for office effectively was to have access to wealth, social influence, and power. But her visit to North Dakota, where she saw others "putting their whole lives and everything that they had on the line for the protection of their community", inspired her to begin to work for her own community.[42] One day after she visited North Dakota, she got a phone call from Brand New Congress, which was recruiting progressive candidates (her brother had nominated her soon after Election Day 2016).[43] She has credited Jabari Brisport's unsuccessful City Council campaign with restoring her belief in electoral politics, in running as a socialist candidate, and in Democratic Socialists of America as an organization.[44]
U.S. House of Representatives
Elections
2018
Ocasio-Cortez began her campaign in April 2017[6] while waiting tables and tending bar at Flats Fix, a taqueria in New York City's Union Square.[46] "For 80 percent of this campaign, I operated out of a paper grocery bag hidden behind that bar", she told Bon Appétit.[47] She was the first person since 2004 to challenge Joe Crowley, the Democratic Caucus Chair, in the primary. She faced a financial disadvantage, saying, "You can't really beat big money with more money. You have to beat them with a totally different game."[48][49][27] Ocasio-Cortez's campaign undertook grassroots mobilization and did not take donations from corporations.[6] Her campaign posters' designs were said to have taken inspiration from "revolutionary posters and visuals from the past".[45]
The candidates' only face-to-face encounter during the campaign occurred on a local political talk show, Inside City Hall, on June 15. The format was a joint interview conducted by Errol Louis, which NY1 characterized as a debate.[50] A debate in the Bronx was scheduled for June 18, but Crowley did not participate. He sent former New York City Council member Annabel Palma in his place.[51][52][53]
Endorsements
Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by progressive and civil rights organizations such as MoveOn[54] and Democracy for America.[40] Then-Governor Cuomo endorsed Crowley,[55] as did both of New York's U.S. senators, Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand,[56] multiple U.S. representatives, various local elected officials and trade unions, and groups such as the Sierra Club,[57] Planned Parenthood,[57] the Working Families Party,[58] NARAL Pro-Choice America,[59] and Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America, among others.[60] California representative Ro Khanna, a Justice Democrat like Ocasio-Cortez,[56][6] initially endorsed Crowley but later endorsed Ocasio-Cortez in an unusual dual endorsement.[61]
Primary election
Ocasio-Cortez received 57.13% of the vote (15,897) to Crowley's 42.5% (11,761), defeating the 10-term incumbent by almost 15 percentage points on June 26, 2018.[62] The result shocked many political commentators and analysts and immediately garnered nationwide attention. Many news sources, including Time, CNN, The New York Times, and The Guardian mentioned how the win completely defied their predictions and expectations.[40][63][64][4] She was outspent by a margin of 18 to 1 ($1.5 million to $83,000) but won the endorsement of some influential groups on the party's left.[65] Crowley conceded defeat on election night,[66] but did not telephone Ocasio-Cortez that night to congratulate her, fueling short-lived speculation that he intended to run against her in the general election.[67]
Bernie Sanders and Noam Chomsky congratulated her.[68][69] Several commentators noted the similarities between Ocasio-Cortez's victory over Crowley and Dave Brat's Tea Party movement-supported 2014 victory over House Majority Leader Eric Cantor in the Republican primary for Virginia's 7th congressional district.[70][71] Like Crowley, Cantor was a high-ranking member in his party's caucus.[72] After her primary win, Ocasio-Cortez endorsed several progressive primary challengers[tone] to Democratic incumbents nationwide,[73] capitalizing on her fame and spending her political capital in a manner unusual even[tone] for unexpected primary winners.[74]
Without campaigning for it, Ocasio-Cortez won the Reform Party primary as a write-in candidate in a neighboring congressional district, New York's 15th, with a total vote count of nine, highest among all 22 write-in candidates. She declined the nomination.[75][76]
General election
Ocasio-Cortez faced Republican nominee Anthony Pappas in the November 6 general election.[77] Pappas, an economics professor, did not actively campaign. The 14th district has a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+29, making it New York City's sixth-most Democratic district, with registered Democrats outnumbering Republicans almost six to one.[78][79]
Ocasio-Cortez was endorsed by various politically progressive organizations and figures, including former president Barack Obama and U.S. senator Bernie Sanders.[80][81] She spoke at the Netroots Nation conference in August 2018, and was called "the undisputed star of the convention".[82]
Crowley remained on the ballot as the nominee of the Working Families Party (WFP) and the Women's Equality Party (WEP). Neither he nor the WFP party actively campaigned, both having endorsed Ocasio-Cortez after the Democratic primary.[83] Ocasio-Cortez called the WEP, which Governor Cuomo created ahead of the 2014 New York gubernatorial election, a cynical, centrist group that endorsed male incumbents over female challengers like her and Cynthia Nixon.[84] Former Connecticut senator Joe Lieberman, who won reelection in 2006 on a third-party line after losing the Democratic Primary in 2006, penned a July 17 column in the Wall Street Journal expressing hope that Crowley would actively campaign on the WFP ballot line.[85] WFP Executive Director Dan Cantor wrote an endorsement of, and apology to, Ocasio-Cortez for the New York Daily News; he asked voters not to vote for Crowley if his name remained on the general election ballot.[86]
Ocasio-Cortez won the election with 78% of the vote (110,318) to Pappas's 14% (17,762). Crowley, on the WFP and WEP lines, received 9,348 votes (6.6%). Her election was part of a broader Democratic victory in the 2018 midterm elections, as the party gained control of the House by picking up 41 seats.[87] Saikat Chakrabarti, who had been her campaign co-chair, became chief of staff for her congressional office.[88] His departure in 2019 drew considerable speculation as to whether Ocasio-Cortez was trying to implement a more moderate strategy.[89]
Media coverage
The first media network to give Ocasio-Cortez a platform and extensively cover her campaign and policies was The Young Turks, a left-wing online news program.[6] After her primary win, she quickly garnered nationwide media attention, including numerous articles and TV talk-show appearances.[citation needed] She also drew a great amount of media attention when she and Sanders campaigned for James Thompson in Kansas in July 2018.[90] A rally in Wichita had to be moved from a theater with a capacity of 1,500 when far more people said[tone] they would attend. The event drew 4,000 people, with some seated on the floor.[91] In The New Yorker, Benjamin Wallace-Wells wrote that while Sanders remained "the de-facto leader of an increasingly popular left, [he is unable to] do things that do not come naturally to him, like supply hope." Wallace-Wells suggested that Ocasio-Cortez had made Sanders's task easier, as he could point to her success to show that ideas "once considered to be radical are now part of the mainstream".[91]
Until she defeated incumbent Joe Crowley in the 2018 Democratic primary, Ocasio-Cortez received little coverage on most traditional news media outlets.[92][93] Jimmy Dore interviewed her when she first announced her candidacy in June 2017.[94] After her primary win, Brian Stelter wrote that progressive-media outlets, such as The Young Turks and The Intercept, "saw the Ocasio-Cortez upset coming" in advance.[71] Margaret Sullivan wrote in The Washington Post that traditional metrics of measuring a campaign's viability, like total fundraising, were contributing to a "media failure" and that "they need to get closer to what voters are thinking and feeling: their anger and resentment, their disenfranchisement from the centers of power, their pocketbook concerns."[93]
Ocasio-Cortez's campaign was featured on the cover of the June 2018 edition of The Indypendent,[95][96] a free New York City-based monthly newspaper. In a tweet she hailed the cover appearance on "NYC's classic monthly" as an important breakthrough for her campaign.[97] Otherwise Ocasio-Cortez was barely mentioned in print until her primary win.[98]
Ocasio-Cortez was one of the subjects of the 2018 Michael Moore documentary Fahrenheit 11/9; it chronicled her primary campaign.[99][100]
In an attempt to embarrass Ocasio-Cortez just before she took office, Twitter user "AnonymousQ" shared a video dating to Ocasio-Cortez's college years: a Boston University student-produced dance video in which she briefly appeared.[101] Many social media users came to her defense, inspiring memes and a Twitter account syncing the footage to songs like "Mambo No. 5" and "Gangnam Style".[102] Ocasio-Cortez responded by posting a video of herself dancing to Edwin Starr's "War" outside her congressional office.[101]
Elizabeth Warren wrote the entry on Ocasio-Cortez for 2019's Time 100.[103] The documentary Knock Down the House, directed by Rachel Lears, which focuses on four female Democrats in the 2018 United States elections who were not career politicians—Ocasio-Cortez, Amy Vilela, Cori Bush and Paula Jean Swearengin—premiered at the 2019 Sundance Film Festival. Ocasio-Cortez was the only one of the women featured in the film to win.[104][105] It was released by Netflix on May 1, 2019.[106] Ocasio-Cortez also appeared in Lears's 2022 film To the End, which focuses on the effects of climate change. The film debuted at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival[107][108] and was presented at the Tribeca Film Festival in June 2022.[109]
2020
Michelle Caruso-Cabrera challenged Ocasio-Cortez in the 2020 Democratic primary.[110] After Ocasio-Cortez won the nomination, Caruso-Cabrera reorganized and ran in the general election as the Serve America Movement nominee.[111] Ocasio-Cortez's Republican challengers in the general election included nominee John Cummings, a former police officer, and Antoine Tucker, a write-in candidate.[111][112]
The American Prospect wrote in October 2020 that Ocasio-Cortez was "spending the 2020 campaign running workshops" for constituents on workplace organizing, fighting eviction, and organizing collective childcare.[further explanation needed][113] They noted that Ocasio-Cortez was often not featured in the streamed workshops, saying the "strategy decentralizes the candidate from her own campaign."[113]
On October 20, 2020, Ocasio-Cortez hosted a Twitch stream of the social deduction game Among Us, with fellow congresswoman Ilhan Omar, and many established streamers such as Pokimane, Hasan Piker, DrLupo, and mxmtoon.[114] The stream peaked with over 400,000 viewers and, according to The Guardian's Joshua Rivera, succeeded in humanizing her.[115][116][117][118] Ocasio-Cortez again streamed Among Us on Twitch on November 27, 2020, with Hasan Piker, xQc, ContraPoints and Canadian MP Jagmeet Singh to raise money for food pantries, eviction defense legal aid, and community support organizations[further explanation needed] to assist those suffering economic hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic.[119] The stream raised $200,000 and Ocasio-Cortez wrote, "This is going to make such a difference for those who need it most right now."[120]
2022
Ocasio-Cortez was unopposed in the Democratic primary.[121] She defeated Republican Tina Forte and Conservative Party nominee Desi Cuellar in the general election.[122]
Tenure
Taking office at age 29, Ocasio-Cortez is the youngest woman ever to serve in the United States Congress, and also the youngest member of the 116th Congress.[123]
When the 116th Congress convened on January 3, 2019, Ocasio-Cortez entered with no seniority but with a large social media presence. Axios credited her with "as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats combined".[8] Since March 2021, she has 12 million Twitter followers,[124] up from 1.4 million in November 2018[8] and surpassing Nancy Pelosi.[125] She has 8.9 million Instagram followers as of January 2019[126] and 500,000 followers on Facebook as of February 2019.[127] Her colleagues appointed her to teach them social media lessons upon her arrival in Congress.[127] In early July 2019 two lawsuits were filed against her for blocking Joey Salads and Dov Hikind on Twitter in light of the Second Circuit Court of Appeals ruling that it was a violation of the First Amendment for President Trump to block people on Twitter.[128][129] On November 4, 2019, it was announced that they settled the lawsuit with Ocasio-Cortez issuing a statement apologizing for the Twitter block.[130][131]
In a 2019 interview, Ocasio-Cortez said she had stopped using her private Facebook account and was minimizing her usage of all social media accounts and platforms, calling them a "public health risk".[132][133]
Arrival
In November 2018, on the first day of congressional orientation, Ocasio-Cortez participated in a climate change protest outside the office of House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi.[134] Also that month, she backed Pelosi's bid to be Speaker of the House once the Democratic Party reclaimed the majority on the condition that Pelosi "remains the most progressive candidate for speaker".[135]
During the orientation for new members hosted by the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Ocasio-Cortez wrote on Twitter in December 2018 about the influence of corporate interests by sponsors such as the American Enterprise Institute and the Center for Strategic and International Studies: "Lobbyists are here. Goldman Sachs is here. Where's labor? Activists? Frontline community leaders?"[136][137][138]
When Ocasio-Cortez made her first speech on the floor of Congress in January 2019, C-SPAN tweeted the video. Within 12 hours, the video of her four-minute speech set the record as C-SPAN's most-watched Twitter video of a member of the House of Representatives.[139]
Hearings
In February 2019, speaking at a Congressional hearing with a panel of representatives from campaign finance watchdog groups, Ocasio-Cortez questioned the panel about ethics regulations as they apply to both the president and members of Congress. She asserted that no regulations prevent lawmakers "from being bought off by wealthy corporations".[140] With more than 37.5 million views, the clip became the most-watched political video posted on Twitter.[141]
When President Donald Trump's former lawyer Michael Cohen appeared before the Oversight Committee in February 2019, Ocasio-Cortez asked him whether Trump had inflated property values for bank or insurance purposes and where to get more information on the subject.[142] Cohen's reply implied that Trump may have committed tax and bank fraud in his personal and business tax returns, financial statements and real-estate filings.[143][144] The president of the American Constitution Society named Ocasio-Cortez as the committee member best at obtaining specific information from Cohen about Trump's "shady practices, along with a road map for how to find out more".[145] New York Times columnist David Brooks praised her skill in questioning Cohen.[146] The exchange between Ocasio-Cortez and Cohen prompted an investigation by New York Attorney General Letitia James, who referred to it in August 2020 when filing legal action to compel Trump's companies to comply with subpoenas about financial information, and to compel his son Eric Trump to testify.[147] Further developments as a result of the exchange saw James form a civil investigation and lawsuit against The Trump Organization regarding potential financial fraud, which resulted in a fine of $354 million and a ban on Trump doing business in New York for two to three years.[148][149][150]
Media coverage
According to reports in March 2019, Ocasio-Cortez continued to receive media coverage early in her congressional tenure on par with that of 2020 presidential candidates[151] and was considered "one of the faces of the Democratic party"[152] and one of the most talked-about politicians in the United States.[153] Between July 8 and 14, 2019, she drew more social media attention than the Democratic presidential candidates. Tracking company NewsWhip found that interactions with news articles on Ocasio-Cortez numbered 4.8 million, while no Democratic presidential candidate got more than 1.2 million. David Bauder of the Associated Press wrote that Trump's supporters were thus having "some success" in having "Ocasio-Cortez be top of mind when people think of" the Democratic Party.[154]
According to a Media Matters for America study, Ocasio-Cortez has been intensely discussed on sister television channels Fox News and Fox Business, being mentioned every day from February 25 to April 7, 2019, for a total of 3,181 mentions in 42 days (an average of around 75 per day). The Guardian's David Smith wrote that this is evidence that Fox is "obsessed by Ocasio-Cortez, portraying her as a radical socialist who threatens the American way of life".[155] Brian Stelter of CNN Business found that between January and July 2019, she had nearly three times as many mentions on Fox News as on CNN and MSNBC, and seven times the coverage of James Clyburn, a Democratic leader in the House of Representatives. Stelter wrote that the attention Ocasio-Cortez is receiving has caused "the perception, particularly on the right, that her positions and policies are representative of the Democratic Party as a whole".[156] In a CBS News and YouGov poll of almost 2,100 American adults conducted from July 17 to 19, it was found that Republican respondents were more aware of Ocasio-Cortez than Democratic respondents. She had very unfavorable ratings among Republican respondents and favorable ratings among Democratic respondents.[157]
In March 2019, PolitiFact reported that Ocasio-Cortez is "one of the most targeted politicians for hoax claims, despite the fact that she just entered Congress as a freshman". Fake quotes attributed to her, fake photos of her, and false rumors about her have spread on social media. Some of these have originated from 4chan and r/The_Donald.[158] By July 2019, the fake material included attributing things Trump said to Ocasio-Cortez, such as "I have a very good brain and I've said lots of things."[159] On July 18, 2019, Charlie Rispoli, a police officer from Gretna, posted on Facebook an apparent threat to shoot Ocasio-Cortez, calling her a "vile idiot" who "needs a round, and I don't mean the kind she used to serve" as a bartender. Rispoli posted the comment in response to a fake news article that falsely quoted Ocasio-Cortez as saying, "We pay soldiers too much". A photo from the article also had the label "satire".[160] Rispoli was fired for his post and his Facebook account was deleted.[161]
Ocasio-Cortez is known to wear red lipstick, usually by the American makeup brand Stila Cosmetics in the shade "Beso", as a style trait of Latina women from the Bronx.[162] In a skincare tutorial for Vogue, she explained that beauty and femininity are important to her because these things are often used against women in politics and society, and that self-love is like a "mini protest" against misogynistic critiques.[163]
Met Gala appearance
Ocasio-Cortez attended the 2021 Met Gala, which had the theme "In America: a Lexicon of Fashion". The Met Gala is an annual fundraiser for the Metropolitan Museum of Art that is overseen by Vogue editor-in-chief Anna Wintour, who selects every invitee and designer pairing. Ocasio-Cortez wore an organza gown emblazoned with the phrase "Tax the Rich". As an elected official in New York City, she was considered a guest of the museum, and as such did not have to buy a ticket, which costs persons other than elected officials at least $35,000. The dress's designer, Aurora James, also invited her boyfriend Benjamin Bronfman, the son of a billionaire. Critics, both conservative and liberal, rebuked Ocasio-Cortez for attending an event where guests were not required to wear masks, but event staff were and for attending an event known for its opulent display of wealth and social status. She responded that they were using a sexist double standard and that she "punctured the fourth wall of excess and spectacle." James also believed that the extremely wealthy people in attendance needed to see the message in person.[164]
In September 2021, the American Accountability Foundation filed an ethics complaint against Ocasio-Cortez for attending the Met Gala. The AAF claimed that her attendance amounted to accepting an illegal gift since her estimated $35,000 ticket was paid for by Condé Nast, a for-profit company, not a charity.[165][166][167]
"The Squad"
Ocasio-Cortez is a member of an informal group of progressive members of Congress called "The Squad", along with Ilhan Omar, Ayanna Pressley, Rashida Tlaib, Cori Bush and Jamaal Bowman.[168] On July 14, 2019, Trump attacked the Squad (which had only four members at the time) in a tweet, saying that they should "go back and help fix" the countries they came from rather than criticize the American government.[169] He continued to make similar comments over the next several days, even though three of the women, including Ocasio-Cortez, were born in the United States. Ocasio-Cortez responded in a tweet that "the President's words [yesterday], telling four American Congresswomen of color 'go back to your own country' is hallmark language of white supremacists."[170] She later added, "We don't leave the things that we love, and when we love this country, what that means is that we propose the solutions to fix it."[171] Days later, Trump falsely asserted that Ocasio-Cortez called "our country and our people 'garbage'"; she had actually said that Americans should not be content with moderate policies that are "10% better from garbage".[172] Trump also falsely claimed that Ocasio-Cortez said "illegal immigrants are more American" than Americans who tried to keep them out; she actually said that "women and children on that border that are trying to seek refuge and opportunity" in America "are acting more American" than those who tried to keep them out.[173]
Green New Deal
Ocasio-Cortez submitted her first piece of legislation, the Green New Deal, to the House on February 7, 2019. She and Senator Ed Markey released a joint non-binding resolution laying out the main elements of a 10-year "economic mobilization" that "would phase out fossil fuel use and overhaul the nation's infrastructure."[174] Their plan called for implementing the "social cost of carbon" that was part of the Obama administration's plans to address climate change. In the process it aimed to create jobs.[174] According to CNBC, an initial outline the Green New Deal called for "completely ditching fossil fuels, upgrading or replacing 'every building' in the country and 'totally overhaul[ing] transportation' to the point where 'air travel stops becoming necessary'". The outline set a goal of having the U.S. "creating 'net zero' greenhouse gases in 10 years. Why 'net zero'? The lawmakers explained: 'We set a goal to get to net-zero, rather than zero emissions, in 10 years because we aren't sure that we'll be able to fully get rid of farting cows and airplanes that fast.'"[175] Activist groups such as Greenpeace and the Sunrise Movement came out in favor of the plan. No Republican lawmakers voiced support.[176][177] The plan gained support from some Democratic senators, including Elizabeth Warren, Bernie Sanders and Cory Booker;[178] other Democrats, such as Senator Dianne Feinstein and House speaker Nancy Pelosi, dismissed the proposal (Pelosi has referred to it as "the green dream, or whatever they call it").[179]
On March 26, Senate Republicans called for an early vote on the Green New Deal without allowing discussion or expert testimony. Markey said Republicans were trying to "make a mockery" of the Green New Deal debate and called the vote a "sham". In protest, Senate Democrats voted "present" or against the bill, resulting in a 57–0 defeat on the Senate floor.[180][181]
In March 2019, a group of UK activists proposed that the Labour Party adopt a similar plan, "Labour for a Green New Deal". The group said it was inspired by the Sunrise Movement and the work Ocasio-Cortez has done in the US.[182]
Online harassment from Paul Gosar
In November 2021, Representative Paul Gosar posted a version of the title sequence of the anime series Attack on Titan on social media that he had edited with the faces of Ocasio-Cortez, Joe Biden, and himself superimposed on the show's characters, depicting Gosar attacking them with swords and killing Ocasio-Cortez. Speaker Nancy Pelosi called for law enforcement and the House Ethics Committee to investigate it as a threat.[183]
Pelosi opened discussion on the House floor saying that Gosar's actions demanded a response. "We cannot have members joking about murdering each other or threatening the president of the United States. This is both an indictment of our elected officials and an insult to the institution of the House of Representatives. It's not just about us as members of Congress. It is a danger that it represents to everyone in the country."[184]
When Republican House members refused to condemn the video, Ocasio-Cortez responded that she believed the video was "part of a pattern that normalizes violence", adding, "I believe this is a part of a concerted strategy and I think it's very important for us to draw a strict line a strong line for material consequence". She gave a six-minute floor speech, saying, "This is not about me. This is not about Representative Gosar. This is about what we're willing to accept." The House voted to censure Gosar, mostly along party lines. The last time the House censured a lawmaker was in 2010.[185][186]
Verbal harassment from Ted Yoho
External videos | |
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Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) Responds to Rep. Ted Yoho (R-FL), C-SPAN, 10:24, July 23, 2020 |
On July 20, 2020, Republican representatives Ted Yoho and Roger Williams accosted Ocasio-Cortez on the steps of the Capitol, where Yoho (as overheard by a journalist) called her "disgusting" and told her, "You are out of your freaking mind" for recently suggesting that poverty and unemployment were driving a spike in crime in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic amid her ongoing advocacy for cutting police budgets. Ocasio-Cortez told Yoho he was being "rude". As Ocasio-Cortez walked away from Yoho into the Capitol, Yoho called her a "fucking bitch".[187][188] Yoho addressed the matter on the House floor and, without naming Ocasio-Cortez, apologized for the "abrupt manner of the conversation" with her, claiming that "offensive name calling, words attributed to me by the press, were never spoken to my colleagues", and concluding: "I cannot apologize for my passion".[189][190] Ocasio-Cortez responded with a speech stating that the incident was emblematic of a "culture ... accepting of violence and violent language against women ... In using that language, in front of the press, he gave permission to use that language against his wife, his daughters, women in his community, and I am here to stand up to say that is not acceptable."[191][192]
Reaction to Andrew Cuomo scandals
In April 2020, Ocasio-Cortez was one of 77 representatives to call for public reports of data regarding COVID-19 cases in nursing homes and long-term care facilities.[193] In March 2021, Ocasio-Cortez and Representative Jamaal Bowman called for New York governor Andrew Cuomo to resign, citing the sexual misconduct allegations against him, as well as the New York COVID-19 nursing home scandal about the Cuomo administration's reported undercounting of COVID-19 nursing home deaths.[194]
January 6 Capitol attack
In a nearly 90-minute Instagram Live video made in February 2021,[195] Ocasio-Cortez said that she had previously experienced sexual assault, and recounted her experience of fear during the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, when she was in her office (in the Cannon House Office Building).[196] She said she had hidden in her office bathroom before being startled by a Capitol Police officer who entered her office suite and shouted "Where is she?" before ordering her and her staff to evacuate to a different House Office Building. Ocasio-Cortez said the officer did not self-identify, and said she first believed the officer's voice was that of an attacker. She described sheltering in place in Representative Katie Porter's office and preparing for what she believed would be an assault by rioters on their offices.[197][198] She said, "I had a very close encounter where I thought I was going to die."[199]
Other issues
Ocasio-Cortez reacted to the 2021 Texas power crisis by organizing a fundraiser to provide food, water, and shelter to affected Texans. The fundraiser, which began on February 18, raised $2 million in its first day[200][201] and $5 million by February 21.[202] The money was given to organizations such as the Houston Food Bank and the North Texas Food Bank.[202] Ocasio-Cortez also traveled to Houston to help volunteers with recovery.[203]
On April 15, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez and three other senators called a press conference to announce a bill that they had introduced to implement postal banking pilot programs in rural and low-income urban neighborhoods where millions of households cannot access or afford standard banking services. Ocasio-Cortez described the families she sees in her urban community who need to rely on check cashing companies that charge exorbitant interest rates due to the absence of mainstream banks. "They'll show up to a check cashing place and imagine cashing your stimulus check...and having 10 to 20% of that check taken away from you."[204]
On November 5, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez was one of six House Democrats to break with their party and vote against the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, as it was decoupled from the social safety net provisions in the Build Back Better Act.[205][206]
In September 2022, Ocasio-Cortez was asked about running for president. She said, "I hold two contradictory things [in mind] at the same time. One is just the relentless belief that anything is possible. But at the same time, my experience here has given me a front-row seat to how deeply and unconsciously, as well as consciously, so many people in this country hate women. And they hate women of color. People ask me questions about the future. And realistically, I can't even tell you if I'm going to be alive in September [of 2022]. And that weighs very heavily on me. And it's not just the right wing. Misogyny transcends political ideology: left, right, center."[207]
In January 2024, the U.S. and other countries cut funding to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) over intelligence reports that certain UNRWA staff members supported Hamas during the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel and participated in the attack.[208] On January 29, Ocasio-Cortez acknowledged the reports, but also said that cutting funding to UNRWA was "unacceptable" and that the U.S. "should restore aid immediately".[209]
Committee assignments
- Committee on Oversight and Accountability[210] (Vice Ranking Member, 2023–present)
- Committee on Natural Resources
- Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources (Ranking Member, 2023–present)
Caucus memberships
- Congressional Progressive Caucus[211][212]
- House Pro-Choice Caucus[213]
Political positions
Ocasio-Cortez has been described as progressive,[214] left-wing,[215] left-wing populist,[216] and far-left.[217]
She is a member of the Democratic Socialists of America[9] and embraces the democratic socialist label as part of her political identity. In an interview on NBC's Meet the Press, she described democratic socialism as "part of what I am. It's not all of what I am. And I think that that's a very important distinction."[218] In response to a question about democratic socialism ultimately calling for an end to capitalism during a Firing Line interview on PBS, she answered: "Ultimately, we are marching towards progress on this issue. I do think that we are going to see an evolution in our economic system of an unprecedented degree, and it's hard to say what direction that that takes."[219] Later at a conference she said "To me, capitalism is irredeemable."[220]
Ocasio-Cortez supports progressive ideals such as workplace democracy,[11] single-payer Medicare for All, tuition-free public college and trade school,[221] a federal job guarantee,[222] the cancellation of all $1.6 trillion of outstanding student debt,[223] guaranteed family leave,[224] abolishing U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement,[225] ending the privatization of prisons, enacting gun-control policies,[226] and energy policy relying on 100% renewables.[227] She told Anderson Cooper that she favors policies that "most closely resemble what we see in the UK, in Norway, in Finland, in Sweden".[228]
Economic policy
Ocasio-Cortez is open to using Modern Monetary Theory (MMT), a heterodox economic theory with little support among mainstream academics,[229] as an economic pathway to fund and enable implementation of her policy goals.[230] Ocasio-Cortez was among the 46 House Democrats who voted against final passage of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023.[231] Ocasio-Cortez has called for reducing defense spending.[232] In December 2022, she was the only House Democrat to vote against an omnibus spending package because of increased funding for defense and federal agencies that oversee immigration.[233]
In late 2020, Ocasio-Cortez and Rashida Tlaib proposed a public banking bill to encourage creation of state and local public banks by giving them access to facilities from the Federal Reserve and setting national guidelines on public banking.[234] In April 2021, Ocasio-Cortez announced a bill that she and three senators had introduced to implement postal banking pilot programs in rural and low-income urban neighborhoods where millions of households cannot access or afford standard banking services.[204]
Ocasio-Cortez has been a vocal supporter of labor rights, including a $15 per hour federal minimum wage.[235] In May 2019, she returned to bartending at the Queensboro Restaurant in Jackson Heights, Queens, to promote the Raise the Wage Act, which would increase the minimum hourly wage for restaurant servers and other tipped workers from $2.13 to $15. Speaking to restaurant workers, customers and reporters, she criticized an exemption in U.S. minimum wage law for restaurants and the service sector that allows them to be paid less than $7.25 per hour, saying, "Any job that pays $2.13 per hour is not a job, it is indentured servitude."[236][237] On January 20, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez skipped the inauguration of Joe Biden in order to join the 2021 Hunts Point Produce Market strike in the Bronx.[238]
In September 2019, Ocasio-Cortez introduced an anti-poverty policy proposal (packaged in a bundle called "A Just Society") that would take into account the cost of childcare, health care, and "new necessities" like Internet access when measuring poverty. The proposal would cap annual rent increases and ensure access to social welfare programs for people with convictions and undocumented immigrants.[239] According to the U.S. census, about 40 million Americans live in poverty.
Ocasio-Cortez has proposed a marginal tax as high as 70% on income above $10 million to pay for the Green New Deal. According to tax experts contacted by The Washington Post, this tax would bring in extra revenue of $720 billion per decade.[240][241] But an analysis by the think tank Tax Foundation estimated that, after accounting for macroeconomic effects, the proposal would increase tax revenue by $189.1 billion over ten years if it is applied only to ordinary income, or decrease tax revenue by 53.1 billion if it is applied to all forms of income, including capital gains.[242] Ocasio-Cortez has opposed and voted against the pay-as-you-go rule supported by Democratic leaders, which requires deficit-neutral fiscal policy, with all new expenditures balanced by tax increases or spending cuts. She and Representative Ro Khanna have condemned the rule for hamstringing new or expanded progressive policies.[243][244] She cites Modern Monetary Theory as a justification for higher deficits to finance her agenda.[230][245] Drawing a parallel with the Great Depression, she has argued that the Green New Deal needs deficit spending like the original New Deal.[246]
Ocasio-Cortez opposed a planned deal by New York City to give Amazon.com $3 billion in state and city subsidies and tax breaks to build a secondary headquarters (Amazon HQ2) that was expected to bring in $27 billion in tax revenue for the city and state, in an area near her congressional district, saying that the city should instead itself invest $3 billion in the district.[247][248][249] Some commentators criticized her remarks on the grounds that she did not understand tax breaks are discounts on money paid to, not by, the government, that "New York does not have $3 billion in cash" it would "give" to Amazon, and that between 25,000 and 40,000 new jobs, in addition to the high-paying tech jobs Amazon would have created, disappeared when Amazon left. Conservative columnist Marc Thiessen argued that "her economic illiteracy is dangerous" because "by helping to drive Amazon away, she did not save New York $3 billion; she cost New York $27 billion."[250]
Environment
Ocasio-Cortez has called for "more environmental hardliners in Congress",[246] calling climate change "the single biggest national security threat for the United States and the single biggest threat to worldwide industrialized civilization".[251] Referring to a recent United Nations report indicating that the effects of climate change could become irreversible unless carbon emissions are reined in within the next 12 years, she has argued that global warming must be addressed immediately to avert human extinction.[252][253][254]
Ocasio-Cortez's environmental plan, the Green New Deal, advocates for the U.S. to transition to an electrical grid running on 100% renewable energy[178] and to end the use of fossil fuels within ten years. The changes, estimated to cost roughly $2.5 trillion per year, would be financed in part by higher taxes on the wealthy.[255][256][257] She has said she has an "open mind" about nuclear power's role in the Green New Deal,[258] but has been criticized for ignoring it in her proposals for the deal.[259][260]
Foreign policy
China
Ocasio-Cortez criticized the American companies Activision Blizzard and Apple for censoring pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong.[261] She co-signed a letter to Activision Blizzard CEO Bobby Kotick that read, "As China amplifies its campaign of intimidation, you and your company must decide whether to look beyond the bottom line and promote American values—like freedom of speech and thought—or to give in to Beijing's demands in order to preserve market access."[262]
A bipartisan letter by Ocasio-Cortez and seven other lawmakers fiercely criticized the NBA's handling of a controversy involving a tweet by Houston Rockets general manager Daryl Morey supporting pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong. The lawmakers wrote that the NBA's response not only "sold out an American citizen" but also "reinforces the Chinese Communist Party view that those who point to Chinese repression in Hong Kong are as best stating opinions, not facts", as well as being "a betrayal of fundamental American values".[263][264][265]
Iran, Saudi Arabia and Yemen
Ocasio-Cortez voted to withdraw U.S. military aid for Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen.[266] She criticized President Trump's administration for escalating tensions with Iran, saying that it would bring the country into a "military conflict that is completely irresponsible".[267]
Israel
In May 2018, Ocasio-Cortez criticized the Israel Defense Forces' use of deadly force against Palestinians participating in the 2018 Gaza border protests, calling it a "massacre" in a tweet.[268][269] In a July 2018 interview, she said she was "a proponent of a two-state solution"[219] and called Israel's presence in the West Bank an "occupation of Palestine". After being asked to elaborate, she responded she was not "the expert on geopolitics on this issue".[270][271] Her use of the term "occupation" drew backlash from a number of pro-Israel groups and commentators.[272][270] Others defended her remarks, citing the United Nations' designation of the territory in the West Bank as occupied.[273][274] In July 2019, Ocasio-Cortez voted against a House resolution introduced by Representative Brad Schneider condemning the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel.[275] The resolution passed 398–17.[276]
Ocasio-Cortez warned that Israel's planned annexation of Palestinian territories in the occupied West Bank "would lay the groundwork for Israel becoming an apartheid state".[277] She wrote to U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo that she would work to "pursue legislation that conditions the $3.8 billion in U.S. military funding to Israel to ensure that U.S. taxpayers are not supporting annexation in any way".[277] AIPAC condemned the letter, saying it threatened the U.S.-Israel relationship.[278]
In May 2021, Ocasio-Cortez issued a statement condemning Israel's evictions of Palestinian families from their homes in Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem.[279] She criticized President Biden for saying Israel "has a right to defend itself", arguing that "blanket statements like these [with] little context or acknowledgement of what precipitated this cycle of violence—namely, the expulsions of Palestinians and attacks on Al Aqsa—dehumanize Palestinians [and] imply the US will look the other way at human rights violations."[280]
On September 23, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez abruptly changed her vote from "no" to "present" on a bill providing $1 billion for Israel's Iron Dome missile defense system, citing the "hateful targeting" she had received surrounding the bill. She apologized for her vote after receiving criticism on social media from some supporters of Israel and of Palestine but maintained her opposition to the bill due to Israel's "persistent human rights abuses against the Palestinian people".[281]
On July 18, 2023, Ocasio-Cortez and eight other progressive Democrats (Jamaal Bowman, Cori Bush, Andre Carson, Summer Lee, Ilhan Omar, Ayanna Pressley, Delia Ramirez, and Rashida Tlaib), voted against a congressional non-binding resolution proposed by August Pfluger that "the State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state", that Congress rejects "all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia", and that "the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel". She argued that it was wrong to pair "accusations of antisemitism with real concerns around the human rights crisis in the region" and that combining a "vote on antisemitism and discussion of apartheid and...two-tier legal systems is very cynical".[282]
Ocasio-Cortez condemned Hamas's October 2023 attack on Israel.[283] On October 12, 2023, she criticized Israel's plans to block electricity, water and fuel from Gaza, calling it a "collective punishment and a violation of international law."[284] On October 16, she signed a resolution calling for a ceasefire in the Israel–Hamas war.[285] On March 22, 2024, she characterized Israel's assault on Gaza as a genocide.[286]
Syria
In 2023, Ocasio-Cortez was among 56 Democrats to vote in favor of H.Con.Res. 21, which directed President Joe Biden to remove U.S. troops from Syria within 180 days.[287][288]
Governance
Judiciary
After the contentious confirmation of Supreme Court Justice Amy Coney Barrett, Ocasio-Cortez urged Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden to expand the court if he won and their party achieved a Senate majority.[289] In April 2021, she supported a bill to increase the Court's size.[290] She again called for expansion in September 2021 after the Court voted not to grant an emergency stay of the Texas Heartbeat Bill.[291]
In March 2022, Ocasio-Cortez called on Justice Clarence Thomas to resign over his wife's texts urging President Trump's chief of staff to overturn the 2020 presidential election, raising a possible impeachment effort if he did not.[292] After the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in June 2022, Ocasio-Cortez called for the impeachment of Justices Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh. She alleged that the two had lied under oath about their views on Roe during their confirmation hearings.[293]
In June 2022, after the Supreme Court made several consequential rulings and granted certiorari to Moore v. Harper, which has a potential impact on future elections, Ocasio-Cortez tweeted that the U.S. was "witnessing a judicial coup in progress".[294][295] The next month, she claimed the Court had "gone rogue" and that impeachment, expansion, introduction of ethics rules and recusal requirements should be considered. She added that Thomas should certainly be impeached.[296] Two days later she led House progressives calling on the Democratic leadership in Congress to strip the Court of its jurisdiction "in the areas of abortion, marriage equality, non-procreative intimacy, and contraception". They pointed to Thomas's concurring opinion in Dobbs, which suggested revisiting cases that established a constitutional right to contraception, same-sex marriage and gay sex.[297]
Pay raises for Congress
In 2019, Ocasio-Cortez supported pay raises for Congress. She wrote, "It's not a fun or politically popular position to take. But consistency is important. ALL workers should get cost of living increases. That's why minimum wage should be pegged to inflation, too." Members of Congress make $174,000 annually; the Speaker makes $223,500 and House leaders make $193,400. Republican Kevin McCarthy joined her in supporting the pay raise, saying he did not want Congress to be a place where only the wealthy can afford to serve. Colleagues such as Joe Cunningham opposed the measure, saying, "We didn't come up here to give ourselves a raise".[298]
Presidency of Donald Trump
On June 28, 2018, Ocasio-Cortez told CNN she would support the impeachment of President Trump, citing Trump's alleged violations of the Emoluments Clause and saying that "we have to hold everyone accountable and that no person is above that law."[299][300]
Puerto Rico
Ocasio-Cortez has called for "solidarity with Puerto Rico". She has advocated for granting Puerto Ricans further civil rights, regardless of Puerto Rico's legal classification. She advocates for voting rights and disaster relief. Ocasio-Cortez was critical of FEMA's response to Hurricane Maria and the federal government's unwillingness to address Puerto Rico's political status.[301] She believes the federal government should increase investment in Puerto Rico.[226] In August 2020, Ocasio-Cortez and Nydia Velázquez introduced the Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2020, which was referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.[302][303]
On March 18, 2021, Ocasio-Cortez, Velázquez and Senator Bob Menendez introduced a new version, the Puerto Rico Self-Determination Act of 2021,[304] with over 70 co-sponsors in the House and seven co-sponsors in the Senate, including one Republican.[305]
Healthcare
Ocasio-Cortez supports transitioning to a single-payer healthcare system and considers medical care a human right.[306][307] She says that a single government health insurer should cover every American, reducing overall costs.[222] Her campaign website says, "Almost every other developed nation in the world has universal healthcare. It's time the United States catch up to the rest of the world in ensuring all people have real healthcare coverage that doesn't break the bank."[307] Many 2020 Democratic presidential candidates adopted the Medicare-for-all proposal.[224]
In June 2019 and in July 2021, Ocasio-Cortez proposed legislation that would remove restrictions placed on researching the medical use of psilocybin.[308][309]
Social issues
Abortion rights
Ocasio-Cortez supports codifying the right to abortion, and is a member of the House pro-choice caucus.[310] On July 19, 2022, after the Supreme Court overruled Roe v. Wade in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, she and 17 other members of Congress were arrested in an act of civil disobedience for refusing to clear a street during a protest for reproductive rights outside the Supreme Court Building.[311][312]
Education
Ocasio-Cortez campaigned in favor of establishing tuition-free public colleges and trade schools. She has said she is still paying off student loans herself and wants to cancel all student debt.[307]
Immigration
Ocasio-Cortez has expressed support for defunding and abolishing the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency on multiple occasions. In February 2018 she called it "a product of the Bush-era Patriot Act suite of legislation" and "an enforcement agency that takes on more of a paramilitary tone every single day".[313][314] That June, she said she would "stop short of fully disbanding the agency", and would rather "create a pathway to citizenship for more immigrants through decriminalization".[315] She later clarified that this does not mean ceasing all deportations.[316] Two days before the primary election, Ocasio-Cortez attended a protest at an ICE child-detention center in Tornillo, Texas.[317] She was the only Democrat to vote against H.R. 648, a bill to fund and reopen the government, because it funded ICE.[318]
In January 2021, Ocasio-Cortez expressed support for the Roadmap to Freedom resolution to guide future immigration policy championed by Representative Pramila Jayapal. The resolution aims to safeguard vulnerable migrants while reducing criminal prosecutions of migrants.[319]
Detention centers for undocumented immigrants
In June 2019, Ocasio-Cortez compared the detention centers for undocumented immigrants under the Trump administration at the Mexico–United States border to "concentration camps". She cited "expert analysis", linking to an Esquire article quoting Andrea Pitzer, author of One Long Night: A Global History of Concentration Camps, who had made a similar claim.[320][321] Some academics supported Ocasio-Cortez's use of the term for the forced detention of immigrants;[322][323] other figures strongly criticized it, saying it showed disrespect for Holocaust victims.[324] In response to criticism from both Republicans and Democrats,[325] Ocasio-Cortez said they had conflated concentration camps ("the mass detention of civilians without trial") with death camps.[326] She refused to apologize for using the term: "If that makes you uncomfortable, fight the camps, not the nomenclature."[327]
In July 2019, Ocasio-Cortez visited migrant detention centers and other facilities in Texas as part of a congressional delegation to witness the border crisis firsthand. She described the conditions as "horrifying". She said that women in one cell said they had not had access to showers for two weeks and were told to drink water from the toilet when their sink broke, and that one woman said that her daughters had been taken from her two weeks earlier and she did not know where they were.[328][329]
In February 2021, when the Biden administration reopened a Carrizo Springs, Texas, center to house unaccompanied migrant children, Ocasio-Cortez responded that such actions "never will be okay—no matter the administration or party".[330] For short-term measures to address the situation, she called for mandatory licensing for such centers and urged reconsideration of how the centers are "contracted out".[331]
LGBTQ equality
Ocasio-Cortez is a proponent of LGBTQ rights and LGBTQ+ equality. She has said she supports the LGBTQ community and thanked its members for their role in her campaign.[332][226] She publicized and later appeared on a video game live stream to help raise money for Mermaids, a UK-based charity for trans children.[333] At the January 2019 New York City Women's March in Manhattan, Ocasio-Cortez gave a detailed speech in support of measures needed to ensure LGBTQ equality in the workplace and elsewhere.[334] She has also spoken in support of transgender rights, specifically saying, "Trans rights are civil rights are human rights."[335]
At the House Committee on Oversight and Reform on February 27, 2020, Ocasio-Cortez argued for LGBTQ equality in the context of her religious background. Referencing a Catholic hospital that refused a hysterectomy for a transgender man,[336] she argued, "[t]here is nothing holy about rejecting medical care of people, no matter who they are, on the grounds of what their identity is. There is nothing holy about turning someone away from a hospital."[337][338]
Police funding
Ocasio-Cortez supports the "defund the police" movement. Asked to give her interpretation of the movement, she said, "It looks like a suburb", and "affluent white communities already ... fund youth, health, housing etc more than they fund police. When a teenager or preteen does something harmful in a suburb ... White communities bend over backwards to find alternatives to incarceration.... Why don't we treat Black and Brown people the same way?"[339]
Political endorsements
Ocasio-Cortez endorsed Bernie Sanders in the 2020 presidential election and appeared with him at speaking engagements. Campaign rallies she attended with him drew the largest crowds of any presidential rally. On January 25, she joined Michael Moore to fill in for Sanders at a rally at the University of Iowa while Sanders was attending the Senate's Trump impeachment trial.[340][341]
In January 2020, Ocasio-Cortez announced the formation of a PAC called Courage to Change,[342] which announced its first endorsements of progressive Democrats on February 21, 2020.[343] Some progressive commentators subsequently criticized Ocasio-Cortez for having only endorsed two Democratic primary challengers by March 3. A notable omission was Cori Bush, who had received an endorsement from Ocasio-Cortez two years prior.[344]
In July 2023, Ocasio-Cortez endorsed President Joe Biden in his reelection campaign in the 2024 presidential election.[345]
Congressional service
United States Congressional service | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dates | Congress | Chamber | Majority | President | Committees | Class/District |
2019–2021 | 116th | U.S. House | Democratic | Donald Trump | Financial Services, Oversight and Reform | District 14 |
2021–2023 | 117th | Donald Trump Joe Biden | ||||
2023–2025 | 118th | U.S. House | Republican | Joe Biden | Natural Resources, Oversight and Accountability | District 14 |
Electoral history
2018
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | 16,898 | 56.7 | |
Democratic | Joseph Crowley (incumbent) | 12,880 | 43.3 | |
Total votes | 29,778 | 100.0 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | 110,318 | 78.2 | |
Republican | Anthony Pappas | 19,202 | 13.6 | |
Working Families | Joseph Crowley | 8,075 | 5.7 | |
Women's Equality | Joseph Crowley | 1,273 | 0.9 | |
Total | Joseph Crowley (incumbent) | 9,348 | 6.6 | |
Conservative | Elizabeth Perri | 2,254 | 1.6 | |
Total votes | 141,122 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold |
2020
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent) | 46,577 | 74.6 | |
Democratic | Michelle Caruso-Cabrera | 11,337 | 18.2 | |
Democratic | Badrun Khan | 3,119 | 5.0 | |
Democratic | Sam Sloan | 1,406 | 2.3 | |
Total votes | 62,439 | 100.0 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent) | 152,661 | 71.6 | |
Republican | John Cummings | 52,477 | 24.6 | |
Conservative | John Cummings | 5,963 | 2.8 | |
Total | John Cummings | 58,440 | 27.4 | |
SAM | Michelle Caruso-Cabrera | 2,000 | 1.0 | |
Total votes | 213,101 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold |
2022
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | 74,050 | 63.40 | |
Working Families | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez | 8,403 | 7.19 | |
Total | Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (incumbent) | 82,453 | 70.60 | |
Republican | Tina Forte | 31,935 | 27.34 | |
Conservative | Desi Cuellar | 2,208 | 1.89 | |
Write-in | 194 | 0.17 | ||
Total votes | 116,790 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold |
Awards and honors
The MIT Lincoln Laboratory named the asteroid 23238 Ocasio-Cortez after her when she was a senior in high school in recognition of her second-place finish in the 2007 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.[22][23] Ocasio-Cortez was named the 2017 National Hispanic Institute Person of the Year by Ernesto Nieto.[24] In 2019, Ocasio-Cortez received the Adelle Foley Award.[347] She was named as one of the 2019 BBC 100 Women.[348]
Personal life
After the death of Ocasio-Cortez's father in 2008, her mother and grandmother moved to Florida due to financial hardship.[14][34] She still has family in Puerto Rico, where her grandfather was living in a nursing home[301] before he died in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria.[349] Ocasio-Cortez said that "to be Puerto Rican is to be the descendant of ... African Moors [and] slaves, Taino Indians, Spanish colonizers, Jewish refugees, and likely others. We are all of these things and something else all at once—we are Boricua."[16]
Ocasio-Cortez is a Catholic. She discussed her faith and its impact on her life and her campaign for criminal justice reform in an article she wrote for America, the magazine of the Jesuit order in the United States.[350] She said she has some Sephardic Jewish ancestry.[351]
During the 2018 election campaign, Ocasio-Cortez resided in Parkchester, Bronx, with her partner, web developer Riley Roberts.[352][353][354] They became engaged in April 2022 in Puerto Rico.[355]
OpenSecrets, analyzing financial disclosure forms, ranked Ocasio-Cortez one of the least wealthy members of the 116th Congress, with a maximum net worth of $30,000.[356]
In May 2021, Ocasio-Cortez said that she had been in psychotherapy after the January 6 United States Capitol attack, which she called "extraordinarily traumatizing", saying she "did not know if I was going to make it to the end of that day alive".[357]
Ocasio-Cortez is a fan of the New York Yankees.[358]
See also
- List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress
- List of Democratic Socialists of America who have held office in the United States
- Nuyorican
- Puerto Ricans in New York City
- Puerto Ricans in the United States
- Women in the United States House of Representatives
Explanatory notes
- ^ Elected on both Democratic Party and WFP ballot lines in New York via electoral fusion.[1]
- ^ Democratic Socialists of America is not a registered political party, instead, it is a political organization for those with democratic socialist ideologies.[2]
References
- ^ "New York's 14th Congressional District election, 2022". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
- ^ Stein, Jeff (August 5, 2017). "9 questions about the Democratic Socialists of America you were too embarrassed to ask". Vox. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
- ^ Murphy, Tim (June 26, 2018). "A progressive insurgent just pulled off the biggest Democratic primary upset in years". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
- ^ a b Krieg, Gregory (June 27, 2018). "A 28-year-old Democratic Socialist just ousted a powerful, 10-term congressman in New York". Atlanta, Georgia: CNN. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
in the most shocking upset of a rollicking political season
- ^ Merica, Dan; Bradner, Eric (June 27, 2018). "The biggest night so far for progressives and other takeaways from Tuesday night's primaries". CNN. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
It was the most shocking result of 2018's political season so far ...
- ^ a b c d e Grigoryan, Nune; Suetzl, Wolfgang (2019). "Hybridized political participation". In Atkinson, Joshua D.; Kenix, Linda (eds.). Alternative Media Meets Mainstream Politics: Activist Nation Rising. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 190. ISBN 9781498584357. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
- ^ Watkins, Eli (November 6, 2018). "Ocasio-Cortez to be youngest woman ever elected to Congress". CNN. Archived from the original on November 7, 2018. Retrieved November 6, 2018.
- ^ a b c McCammond, Alexi (November 28, 2018). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has as much social media clout as her fellow freshman Democrats, combined". Axios. Archived from the original on November 28, 2018. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ a b Neufeld, Jennie (June 27, 2018). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a Democratic Socialists of America member. Here's what that means". Vox. Archived from the original on December 3, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
- ^ Isserman, Maurice (November 8, 2018). "Socialists in the House: A 100-Year History from Victor Berger to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez". In These Times. Archived from the original on February 11, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
- ^ a b "Unlikely Advocates: Worker Co-ops, Grassroots Organizing, and Public Policy". Non Profit News | Nonprofit Quarterly. August 8, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
- ^ "Meet Alexandria". Ocasio 2018. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
- ^ Igoe, Katherine J. (February 8, 2019). "Who Is Alexandria Ocasio Cortez's Brother Gabriel? He's an Artist and Musician". Marie Claire. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
- ^ a b Wang, Vivian (June 27, 2018). "Who Is Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez? A Democratic Giant Slayer". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 27, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
- ^ a b c Newman, Andy; Wang, Vivian; Ferré-Sadurní, Luis (June 27, 2018). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Emerges as a Political Star". The New York Times. New York City. Archived from the original on June 28, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
- ^ a b Goldmacher, Shane (December 10, 2018). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez: Jewish, Too?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
- ^ Groves, Stephen (July 3, 2018). "Rising Political Star Ocasio-Cortez Defends Bronx Roots". U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 15, 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ^ Keane, Isabel (June 28, 2018). "Bronx political star Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez commuted to Yorktown for high school". lohud.com. Archived from the original on December 1, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ Yglesias, Matthew (January 4, 2019). "Conservatives' Obsession With Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's High School, Explained". Vox. Vox Media. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
There's nothing in any way extraordinary about the yearbook photos, though they do establish that she went by "Sandy Ocasio" at the time.
- ^ "Intel ISEF Alumna Headed to Capitol Hill". Society for Science & the Public. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
- ^ King, Georgia Frances (December 1, 2018). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez won a science-fair prize for research involving free radicals". Quartz. Archived from the original on October 14, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
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The Green New Deal that Ocasio-Cortez has laid out aspires to power the U.S. economy with 100 percent renewable energy within 12 years and calls for "a job guarantee program to assure a living wage job to every person who wants one", "basic income programs" and "universal health care", financed, at least in part, by higher taxes on the wealthy.
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The Senate rejected the Green New Deal on Tuesday, in a decisive 57–0 vote that Democrats decried as a political stunt meant to divide their caucus. All the Republican senators opposed the measure. They were joined by four senators who caucus with the Democrats – Senator Joe Manchin, from the coal-heavy state of West Virginia, along with Senators Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, Doug Jones of Alabama, and Angus King of Maine.
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an early vote on the Green New Deal on Tuesday and not a single U.S. Senator, including the measure's sponsor, Massachusetts' Ed Markey – signed on to the overly ambitious environmental overhaul
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Cutting off support to @UNRWA - the primary source of humanitarian aid to 2 million+ Gazans - is unacceptable. Among an organization of 13,000 UN aid workers, risking the starvation of millions over grave allegations of 12 is indefensible. The US should restore aid immediately.
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- "Left-wing AOC was with her fiancé at a Brooklyn cinema when pro-Palestine supporters accosted her, demanding she say the word 'genocide'". Yahoo News. March 9, 2024. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
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Democratic congressional nominee Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez said Sunday she embraces the 'Democratic Socialist' label but doesn't want to force other Democrats to do the same. 'It's part of what I am; it's not all of what I am,' she said on 'Meet the Press' on NBC. 'And I think that's a very important distinction.'
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The recent primary upset of Joe Crowley, the fourth-ranking Democrat in the House, by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, showcased the electoral strength of her platform, which included single-payer health insurance and tuition-free college and trade school.
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Although true-blooded socialists – Democratic Socialists, to be precise – remain a relatively small niche within the Democratic Party, they are having a visible impact on the party's agenda, with nearly every likely 2020 presidential contender embracing Medicare for all. Bernie Sanders's 2016 campaign galvanized progressive support for the idea of Democratic Socialism, and this year, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez has embraced not only the label but also a blue-sky vision of American socialism – free public college, a jobs guarantee, guaranteed family leave and more – unbound by moderate liberal worries about government overreach or overspending.
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She drew support for her progressive platform that included abolishing the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency, Medicare for all and a federal jobs guarantee.
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The idea of a Green New Deal has, in just a few months, become a central piece of Ocasio-Cortez's agenda and attracted the attention of ambitious national Democrats.
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With the help of tax experts, we produced some back-of-the-envelope estimates.
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"If we're willing to give away $3 billion for this deal, we could invest those $3 billion in our district ourselves if we wanted to.
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Innocence, in its mercy, partly excuses us from having to fully reckon with the spiritual gifts of forgiveness, grace and redemption at the heart of the Catechism: I believe in the forgiveness of sins.
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a very, very long time ago, generations and generations ago, my family consisted of Sephardic Jews.
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Further reading
- Lopez, Lynda (2020). AOC: The Fearless Rise and Powerful Resonance of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. New York: St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-250-25741-3. OCLC 1141032197.
- The Editors of New York magazine (2022). Take Up Space: The Unprecedented AOC. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-6697-6. OCLC 1263661994.