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== Response == |
== Response == |
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Some Maduro allies<ref name=FinalPhase/><ref name=InicioDelFin/> and officials loyal to Maduro<ref name=BBCAccused>{{cite web |title=Venezuela's Guaidó accused of coup attempt by government |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-48103858 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date= 30 April 2019 |accessdate=30 April 2019}}</ref> have described the events as a coup attempt |
Some Maduro allies<ref name=FinalPhase/><ref name=InicioDelFin/> and officials loyal to Maduro<ref name=BBCAccused>{{cite web |title=Venezuela's Guaidó accused of coup attempt by government |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-48103858 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date= 30 April 2019 |accessdate=30 April 2019}}</ref> have described the events as a coup attempt. Other nations reacted that it was not a "coup" but a constitutional process.<ref name= Tanqueta/><ref name=LimaComunicado/> Maduro accused Argentina and Colombia of being "puppets of imperialistic U.S. and of coup d'etat and further accused Argentina for not allowing Venezuelans residing in Argentina to return to Venezuela.<ref name="Accuses">{{cite web |title=Venezuela acusa a Argentina de no permitir que los venezolanos regresen a su país |url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/internacional/venezuela-acusa-a-argentina-de-no-permitir-que-los-venezolanos-no-regresen-a-su-pais.phtml |website=Perfil.com |accessdate=30 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="accuses">{{cite web |last1=Marulanda |first1=Olga Patricia Rendón |title=Gobierno de Venezuela acusa a Colombia de "golpe de estado" |url=https://www.elcolombiano.com/internacional/venezuela/gobierno-de-maduro-acusa-a-colombia-de-planear-el-golpe-de-estado-EG10618738 | website=ElColumbiano.Com | accessdate=30 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Maduro acusó a Macri de ser un "pelele del imperialismo" y un "sicario de la oligarquía" |url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/nicolas-maduro-acuso-a-macri-de-pelele-del-imperialismo-y-un-sicario-de-la-oligarquia.phtml |website=Perfil.Com| accessdate=30 April 2019}}</ref> |
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On 30th April, the Permanent Mission of Venezuela to the OPCW, [[ICC]] and other International Organisations and Courts based in [[The Hague]], on behalf of the Venezuelan government asked all Member States of the [[United Nations]] as well as the international community to condemn ''"this despicable attack against the democracy and constitutional order and defend the principles of the [[United Nations Charter]], [[international law]] as well as [[rule of law]]"'' (the United Nations Charter states that nothing shall authorize the United Nations ''"to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state"''). [diplomatic letter NV/No. 024/2019 from ''Representante Permanente de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela ante la OPAQ, CPI y demás Organizaciones y Tribunales Internacionales'']</ref> |
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=== Governments === |
=== Governments === |
Revision as of 13:45, 1 May 2019
2019 Venezuela Uprising | |||||||
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Part of the 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis and the Crisis in Venezuela | |||||||
Top to bottom, left to right: Juan Guaidó speaking to supporters, pro-Maduro VN-4s responding to protests, pro-Guaidó protesters at La Carlota Air Base, pro-Guaidó VN-4 supporting protests, pro-Guaidó forces gathered | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Maduro forces |
Guaidó forces
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
Unknown |
Dozens of National Guardsmen Thousands of protesters | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
5 authorities | 1 killed, 100+ wounded[1] |
On 30 April, during the 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis, Juan Guaidó led a group of civilian and military forces in an uprising as part of "Operation Liberty" against Nicolás Maduro. Reuters reported an "uneasy peace" by the afternoon of 30 April; however, Guaidó had called for his supporters and the country's armed forces to take to the streets again the following day.[2]
Background
A crisis concerning who is the legitimate President of Venezuela began on 10 January 2019, when the opposition-majority National Assembly declared that incumbent Nicolás Maduro's 2018 reelection was invalid and the body declared its president, Juan Guaidó, to be acting president of the nation. The process and results of the May 2018 Venezuelan presidential election were widely disputed.[3] The National Assembly declared Maduro illegitimate on the day of his second inauguration, citing the 1999 Constitution of Venezuela enacted under Hugo Chávez, Maduro's predecessor; in response, the pro-Maduro Supreme Tribunal of Justice said the National Assembly's declaration was unconstitutional.[4]
Maduro's government states that the crisis is a "coup d'état led by the United States to topple him and control the country's oil reserves".[5][6] Guaidó denies the coup allegations, saying peaceful volunteers back his movement.[7]
Guaidó announced on 16 March 2019 that he would embark on a tour of the country to organize committees for what he called "Operation Liberty" with the goal to claim the presidential residence, Miraflores Palace.[8] From the first rally in Carabobo state, he said, "We will be in each state of Venezuela and for each state we have visited the responsibility will be yours, the leaders, the united, [to] organize ourselves in freedom commands."[8]
Events
Release of López and call for uprising
Opposition leader Leopoldo López—Guaidó's mentor and Venezuela's "most prominent opposition activist"—had been under house arrest since 2014. On 30 April, he appeared with Guaidó, with the Associated Press reporting that "he had been released from house arrest by security forces adhering to an order from Guaidó".[9]
Shortly after 5:00 am VET, large vehicles accompanied by members of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela blocked portions of the Francisco Fajardo Highway.[10] At 5:46 am VET, Guaidó live-streamed a video on Periscope of himself beside López, with the two flanked by members of the Venezuelan armed forces near La Carlota Air Force Base in Caracas.[11][12] Guaidó titled the initiative "Operation Liberty", and stated: "People of Venezuela, it is necessary that we go out together to the street, to support the democratic forces and to recover our freedom. Organized and together, mobilize the main military units. People of Caracas, all to La Carlota".[11][2]
López, his wife Lilian Tintori and their daughter entered the Chilean embassy in Caracas later in the day,[13][14] moving to the Spanish embassy in the early morning hours of 1 May.[15]
Clashes
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_Leopoldo_L%C3%B3pez.png/220px-2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_Leopoldo_L%C3%B3pez.png)
By 6:30 am, Minister of Information Jorge Rodriguez released a statement that the Maduro government was beginning to disperse forces loyal to Guaidó.[16] At the same time, access to Miraflores Palace was barricaded and forces loyal to Maduro took up positions in the surrounding area.[17] Military forces loyal to Guaidó outfitted their uniforms with blue cloth.[16][18]
At 6:44 am, tear gas fired from troops within La Carlota Air Force Base dispersed some forces loyal to Guaidó near the facility.[12][16] Vice President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela, Diosdado Cabello, called for supporters to gather at Miraflores Palace to defend Maduro.[16]
Around 8:00 am, Guaidó left the area near La Carlota and led a march heading west. Valentín Santana, leader of La Piedrita colectivo, stated at 8:30 am that "it was time to defend the revolution with weapons", calling for support of Maduro.[19] At approximately 8:39 am, heavy gunfire erupted as pro-Maduro armed colectivos fired rounds while riding motorbikes near La Carlota.[12][20][21]
Pro-Guaidó protesters attempted to enter the main gate of La Carlota at 9:10 am.[12] The Caracas Metro ceased operations at 9:15 am for security reasons.[12] Forces loyal to Maduro dispersed protesters from the gates of La Carlota at 9:43 am.[12]
At 11:00 am, Maduro's Prosecutor General Tarek William Saab spoke on state-run television saying that Guaidó and his supporters would face "consequences".[20] A National Guardsman loyal to Maduro was injured by a gunshot to the neck at 11:08 am.[12] By 11:12 am, protesters near La Carlota begin to largely disperse and injured begin to appear in clinics minutes later.[12] At 11:42 am, armored VN-4s driven by Maduro loyalists begin to attack protesters, with some protesters being ran over by the vehicles.[12][22]
Following a speech at noon, Guaidó turned his group of protesters towards western Caracas.[12] The march in support of Guaidó halted in Chacao around 1:41 pm after armed colectivos emerged from the Ministry of Transportation building, firing upon the demonstration.[12][23] Minutes later, PoliMiranda police forces confronted the colectivos with a gunfight ensuing.[12][24] Minor clashes occurred throughout the day following the dispersal of the march.[12]
Maduro addresses nation
At 9:00 pm, Maduro addressed the nation from Miraflores palace on state television, accompanied by high-level officials of his government and the armed forces.[25] Maduro stated that an attempted "coup d'etat" occurred and congratulated supporters who "led the defeat of the small group that tried to fill Venezuela with violence".[25] According to Maduro, the day's events were caused by "the obsessive efforts of the Venezuelan right, the Colombian oligarchy and the US empire".[25]
Violence
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_clashes.png/220px-2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_clashes.png)
Vladimir Padrino, Maduro's Defense Minister, stated that the government was prepared to use weapons if necessary to deactivate the attempted coup.[26][27] The Minister of People's Power for the Defense and the military high command of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela reported that the Bolivarian National Armed Force would stand firm "in defense of the Constitution and its legitimate authorities". [28]
Venezuela's Green Cross volunteers report several wounded, but no tally of total numbers wounded.[26] A National Guard armoured personnel carrier ran over protesters,[29] captured on video "accelerating directly into a group of antigovernment protesters".[14] By the end of 30 April, there were over 100 were injured; the majority were hit by rubber bullets and two had gunshot wounds.[1][30] One 25-year-old protester was confirmed dead after being shot in the chest during a protest in the interior state of Aragua.[31] The Maduro government stated that five National Guardsmen and police officers were injured.[25]
A physician in a Caracas clinic stated that they had enough medical supplies for emergency care, partly because of recent efforts to bring humanitarian aid to the country.[32]
Defections and foreign involvement
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_blue_soldiers.png/220px-2019_Venezuela_uprising_-_blue_soldiers.png)
Dozens of Venezuelan National Guardsmen backed Guaidó.[1] According to Voice of America, experts in the United States believe that "there is still a long way to go" for Guaidó to find support among the armed forces, stating that the Atlantic Council described the defection of National Guardsmen as "significant, but insufficient".[33]
United States National Security Adviser John R. Bolton indicated in a press conference that Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino, Supreme Court justice Maikel Moreno, and the head of Maduro's Presidential Guard, Iván Hernández Dala, were aware of the uprising and had been talking with the opposition over the last three months about a peaceful transition, and had agreed that Maduro needed to go.[34][35] Bolton also stated that Cuba and Russia had likely helped prop Maduro up during the day,[34] and U.S. President Donald Trump threatened to bring the "highest-level" sanctions on Cuba for their role.[36] The New York Times wrote that Bolton "said important officials in the Maduro administration have been in communication with the opposition and had committed to achieving the transfer of power from Mr. Maduro to Mr. Guaidó", despite Moreno and Padrino both speaking out in support of Maduro.[14]
United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo stated that Russia stopped plans underway for Maduro to exit Venezuela; Pompeo said Maduro had a plane waiting on the tarmac to take him to Cuba, but Russia convinced him to stay.[25][35] Maduro and Russia denied that Maduro had plans to leave Venezuela; the Russian Foreign Ministry stated that, "Washington tried its best to demoralize the Venezuelan army and now use[s] fakes as a part of information war".[37] On 1 May, Pompeo stated "Military action is possible. If that’s what’s required, that’s what the United States will do".[38]
Manuel Ricardo Cristopher Figuera, the Director General of Venezuela's National Intelligence Service, SEBIN, broke with Maduro during the uprising, saying it was time to "rebuild the country".[39] Maduro announced he would reinstate Gustavo González López as the SEBIN head.[40]
El País reported that 25 military personnel sought asylum in the Brazilian embassy in Caracas.[26]
Censorship
Shortly after the announcement, NetBlocks reported that multiple social media and news websites were censored by the state-run CANTV internet provider.[41] The signal of BBC and CNN was forcefully taken offline, and the local radio station Radio Caracas Radio was broken into and shut down by the telecommunications authority.[42]
Response
Some Maduro allies[2][43] and officials loyal to Maduro[44] have described the events as a coup attempt. Other nations reacted that it was not a "coup" but a constitutional process.[29][45] Maduro accused Argentina and Colombia of being "puppets of imperialistic U.S. and of coup d'etat and further accused Argentina for not allowing Venezuelans residing in Argentina to return to Venezuela.[46][47][48]
Governments
In support of Maduro
Bolivia – President Evo Morales condemned "the coup attempt in Venezuela" and shared support for Maduro.[43]
Cuba – President Miguel Díaz-Canel stated "We reject this coup movement that tries to fill the country with violence. The traitors that have placed themselves at the head of this subversive movement have employed troops and police with weapons of war in a public street in the city to create anguish and terror".[2]
Iran – Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif stated "We are happy that the people of Venezuela defeated the coup. We continue to believe in the need for discussions among the people, as the Government has suggested".[19]
Russia – Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs called on the opposition to renounce violence. The media statement read "It is important to avoid unrest and bloodshed. The problems facing Venezuela should be resolved through a responsible negotiation process without preconditions.”[49]
Syria – The Syrian Foreign Ministry "strongly condemns the failed coup d'état against constitutional legitimacy".[19]
Turkey – President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan condemned the actions of Guaidó, tweeting "Those who are in an effort to appoint a postmodern colonial governor to Venezuela, where the President was appointed by elections and where the people rule, should know that only democratic elections can determine how a country is governed".[50][51]
In support of Guaidó
Argentina − President Mauricio Macri called on the military to carry on with "Operation Liberty" and said that the time for Venezuelans has come. He added that the suffering of the Venezuelan people will soon "come to an end and called Venezuelans to be fearless".[52] Argentine Foreign Ministry expressed that the "spirit of freedom that animates Venezuelans at this hour have the support of the Argentine people in recognition of Interim President Juan Guaidó, in order to restore again democracy in the brother Republic of Venezuela". Argentina issued a joint statement with the Lima Group sharing support for Guaidó and calling for Maduro's exit.[53][54]
Australia − Foreign Minister Marise Payne stated "Australia continues to call for a peaceful and speedy transition to democracy in Venezuela. We condemn reports of violence and urge restraint. We support Juan Guaidó as interim President in accordance with Venezuela’s constitution and until elections are held."[19]
Brazil – President Jair Bolsonaro tweeted that Brazil is following the situation in Venezuela very closely, that it reaffirms its support for the "democratic transition," and that "Brazil is on the side of the Venezuelan people, of president Juan Guaidó and of the freedom of Venezuelans.[55]
Canada – Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland tweeted that "The safety and security of [Juan Guaidó] and [Leopoldo López] must be guaranteed. Venezuelans who peacefully support Interim President Guaido must do so without fear of intimidation or violence."[56]
Czech Republic – Minister of Foreign Affairs Tomáš Petříček stated "I call on the Venezuelan army to listen to the citizens of the country and to support the peaceful democratic transition by the President and leader of the National Assembly Juan Guaidó".[57]
Chile – President Sebastián Piñera stated "I want to reiterate the solid and unbreakable support to the democratic president Juan Guaidó and to democracy".[20]
Colombia – President Iván Duque stated "We call the military and the people of Venezuela to be on the right side of history, rejecting the dictatorship and usurpation of Maduro".[20]
Costa Rica – in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit.[54]
Ecuador – Foreign Minister of Ecuador José Valencia stated "The Government of Ecuador renews its strong support to President Juan Guaidó in the difficult times that Venezuela is going through. We wish for a peaceful transition without bloodshed. We will support all international efforts in that regard".[58]
Guatemala – in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit.[54]
Honduras – in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit.[54]
Panama – in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit.[54]
Peru – in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit.[54]
Paraguay – President Mario Abdo Benítez stated "Brave people of Venezuela! Your time has come!"[20]
Spain – Isabel Celaá, in her capacity as the Spokesperson of the Government of Spain, stated "We hope with all of our strength that there is no bloodshed. We support a peaceful democratic process in Venezuela" and that Guaidó holds "legitimacy to lead democratic transition in Venezuela".[16]
United States – Mike Pompeo, U.S. Secretary of State, tweeted "The U.S. Government fully supports the Venezuelan people in their quest for freedom and democracy." [59]
Neutral statements
Mexico - The Foreign Relations Department reiterated their goal of "finding a common path". President Andrés Manuel López Obrador expressed in a conference that he "believes in nonintervention and dialogue".[60]
Intergovernmental bodies
- European Parliament – President of the European Parliament Antonio Tajani stated "Today, 30 April, marks a historic moment for the return to democracy and freedom in Venezuela, which the European Parliament has always supported".[43]
- Lima Group – In a joint statement, the group supports "the constitutional and popular process undertaken by the Venezuelan people, under the leadership of the President in Charge, Juan Guaidó, to recover democracy in Venezuela; and they reject that this process is qualified as a coup d'état", demand that the military "show their loyalty" to Guaidó and called for Maduro "to cease the usurpation, so that the democratic transition, the constitutional normalization and the economic and social reconstruction of Venezuela can begin".[45]
- Organization of American States – Secretary General Luis Almagro called for the "definitive cessation of the usurpation"; Almagro tweeted: "We welcome the adhesion of the military to the Constitution and to the President in charge of Venezuela. We need the fullest support for the democratic transition process in a peaceful manner."[61]
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Maduro claims victory over 'coup' attempt". BBC News. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ a b c d Sequera, Vivian and Angus Berwick (30 April 2019). "Venezuela's Guaido calls on troops to join him in uprising against Maduro". Reuters. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Bullock, Penn (10 January 2019). "Climate Change, U.S. Shutdown, Michael Cohen: Your Friday Briefing". New York Times (Online) – via ProQuest.
President Nicolás Maduro was inaugurated for a second term after an election last year that was widely considered illegitimate — and despite a plummeting economy and skyrocketing violence, hunger and migration.
- ^ "El Tribunal Supremo de Justicia de Venezuela declara "inconstitucional" a la Asamblea Nacional y anula el nombramiento de Juan Guaidó como su presidente". BBC Mundo (in Spanish). 21 January 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2019.
- ^ "Canciller Arreaza advierte que objetivo de plan golpista es el petróleo venezolano" (in Spanish). presidencia.gob.ve. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
- ^ "Maduro afirma que el petróleo es el principal motivo de la presión de EEUU contra Venezuela" (in Spanish). Europa Press. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
- ^ Borges, Anelise (18 February 2019). "'I'm ready to die for my country's future,' Juan Guaido tells Euronews". Euronews. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
- ^ a b "Guaidó anuncia la creación de comités por la libertad para pronto 'ir a Miraflores'" [Guaidó announces the creation of freedom committees to soon 'go to Miraflores']. Efecto Cocuyo (in Spanish). 16 March 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ Smith, Scott and Christopher Torchia (30 April 2019). "Clashes rock Venezuela as Guaido urges opposition uprising". Associated Press. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ "Bloqueada la autopista Francisco Fajardo a la altura de La Carlota #30Abr". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b "Guaidó le habla a Venezuela desde la Base Aérea La Carlota (VIDEO)". La Patilla (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Moreno Losada, Vanessa (30 April 2019). "¿Qué pasó alrededor de La Carlota este #30Abr? (Infografía)". Efecto Cocuyo. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
{{cite web}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=
(help) - ^ "Leopoldo López y su familia ingresaron como huéspedes a la residencia del embajador de Chile". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c "Venezuela crisis live updates: Guaidó calls for uprising as clashes erupt". New York Times. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Leopoldo López se refugia en la Embajada de España" (in Spanish). ABC International. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "The latest: Venezuelan govt says it is putting down coup bid". USNews. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Casa Militar cierra acceso a las inmediaciones del Palacio de Miraflores #30Abr". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Las cintas azules: El distintivo de los militares venezolanos a favor del cese de la usurpación". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Venezuela, últimas noticias en directo: Leopoldo López, Lilian Tintori y sus hijos se refugian en la Embajada de Chile en Caracas". ABC (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
{{cite web}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=
(help) - ^ a b c d e "[Minuto a minuto] Crisis en Venezuela tras llamado de Guaidó a militares a alzarse contra Maduro". CNN (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
* "Los sangrientos colectivos chavistas, vanguardia de la represión lanzada por el régimen venezolano contra el levantamiento militar". Infobae (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.{{cite web}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=
(help) - ^ "Disparos en base aérea La Carlota donde Juan Guaidó liberó a Leopoldo López". El Comercio (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ By. "Armored vehicle runs over protesters in Venezuela (IN SPANISH)". miamiherald. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Paramilitares disparan contra manifestantes en Chacao (VIDEO) #30Abr". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Funcionarios de PoliMiranda y Policía de Chacao se enfrentan con paramilitares de Maduro (Fotos y Videos)". La Patilla (in European Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Hansler, Jennifer (30 April 2019). "Pompeo claims Russia stopped Maduro leaving Venezuela for Cuba". CNN. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c "Últimas noticias de Venezuela, en vivo: Chile confirma que Leopoldo López está en su Embajada en Caracas" [Latest news from Venezuela, live: Chile confirms that Leopoldo López is in their Embassy in Caracas]. El Pais (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Vladimir Padrino, ministro de Defensa venezolano: 'Si hay que usar las armas, las usaremos'" [Vladimir Padrino, Venezuelan Minister of Defense: 'If we have to use weapons, we will use them'] (in Spanish). La Razón. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ [diplomatic letter NV/No. 024/2019 from Representante Permanente de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela ante la OPAQ, CPI y demás Organizaciones y Tribunales Internacionales]
- ^ a b "Tanqueta de la Guardia Nacional de Venezuela pasa por encima de civiles" [National Guard of Venezuela tank runs over civilians] (in Spanish). CNN Español. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "At least 71 injured in clashes". CNN. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
{{cite news}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=
(help) - ^ Zuñiga, Mariana (30 April 2019). "Venezuela's Maduro denies Pompeo's claim that he sought to escape to Cuba after day of clashes that left 1 dead, dozens hurt". The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Montoya-Galvez, Camilo and Sarah Lynch Baldwin (30 April 2019). "Clashes erupt in Venezuela after opposition leader calls for uprising to topple Maduro -- live updates". CBS News. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Levantamiento militar en Venezuela (in Spanish), Voice of America, retrieved 1 May 2019
- ^ a b "National Security Advisor John Bolton on Venezuela protests". CNBC. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b Holpuch, Amanda and Sam Jones (30 April 2019). "Venezuela opposition leader claims coup is under way – live news". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Re, Gregg (30 April 2019). "Trump threatens Cuba with 'full and complete' embargo, 'highest-level sanctions,' citing Venezuela role". FOX News. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ https://www.cnn.com/americas/live-news/juan-guaido-venezuela-operation-freedom-live-updates/index.html
- ^ "U.S. military action in Venezuela is possibility if 'required': Pompeo". Reuters. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ Chamberlain, Samuel (30 April 2019). "Head of Venezuela's secret police breaks with Maduro". FOX News. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ "Venezuela's Maduro appears with defense minister after uprising". Reuters. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ "Internet services restricted in Venezuela amid military uprising". NetBlocks. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ De 2019, 30 De Abril. "El régimen chavista sacó del aire a las cadenas CNN y BBC, y a la radio independiente RCR 750". Infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 30 April 2019.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c "Así reacciona el mundo ante el alzamiento militar en Venezuela". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Venezuela's Guaidó accused of coup attempt by government". BBC News. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b "Comunicado del Grupo de Lima". Government of Peru (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Venezuela acusa a Argentina de no permitir que los venezolanos regresen a su país". Perfil.com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Marulanda, Olga Patricia Rendón. "Gobierno de Venezuela acusa a Colombia de "golpe de estado"". ElColumbiano.Com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Maduro acusó a Macri de ser un "pelele del imperialismo" y un "sicario de la oligarquía"". Perfil.Com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "МИД РФ призвал радикальную оппозицию Венесуэлы отказаться от насилия". 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Maduro ally Turkey berates Venezuelan opposition for uprising call". Yahoo News. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan". Twitter. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Infobae. "Mauricio Macri respaldó la "Operación Libertad" en Venezuela: "Que el sufrimiento y el miedo de los venezolanos llegue a su fin"". Infobae. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Comunidad Internacional apoya mayoritariamente el alzamiento en Venezuela". El Nacional. El Nacional. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f "Comunicado del Grupo de Lima". Government of Peru (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Jair Bolsonaro". Twitter. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Guaido calls for military support in uprising to oust Maduro". CBC Canada. The Associated Press. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Petříček, Tomáš (1 May 2019). "I call on Venezuelan army to listen to the will of the citizens and to support peaceful democratic transition led by provisional President and leader of the National Assembly @jguaido". @TPetricek. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ Picheta, Rob and Meg Wagner (30 April 2019). "Venezuela's uprising". CNN. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Trump says he is "monitoring" uprising led by Juan Guaidó in Venezuela". CBS News. 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "The Latest: Guaido calls for more street protests Wednesday". AP News. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
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