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==Leaders at the summit== |
==Leaders at the summit== |
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[[File:14th G7 summit.jpg|thumb|Summit leaders at the [[University of Toronto]]: (left to right) Jacques Delors, Ciriaco De Mita, Margaret Thatcher, President Reagan, Brian Mulroney, Francois Mitterrand, Helmut Kohl, Noboru Takeshita.]] |
[[File:14th G7 summit.jpg|thumb|Summit leaders at the [[University of Toronto]]: (left to right) Jacques Delors, Ciriaco De Mita, Margaret Thatcher, President Reagan, Brian Mulroney, Francois Mitterrand, Helmut Kohl, Noboru Takeshita.]] |
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The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.<ref name="reuters_what"/> |
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⚫ | This was be the last G7 summit in which Reagan participated.<ref>Kurtaman, Joel. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE0DD1631F93AA25755C0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&&scp=1&sq=1982%20summit%20%20conference%20G7&st=cse "Business Forum: Reagan's Final Summit Conference; The Forecast Is for All Talk, No Action,"] ''New York Times.'' June 19, 1988.</ref> |
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===Core G7 participants=== |
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*{{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Canada]]''' - [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[Brian Mulroney]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
*{{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Canada]]''' - [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[Brian Mulroney]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
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*{{flagicon|EU}} '''[[European Commission]]''' - [[President of the European Commission|President]] [[Jacques Delors]]<ref>[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)]]: [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit (14)]; [[European Union]]: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"]</ref> |
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*{{flagicon|France}} '''[[France]]''' - [[President of France|President]] [[François Mitterrand]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
*{{flagicon|France}} '''[[France]]''' - [[President of France|President]] [[François Mitterrand]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
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*{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[West Germany]]''' - [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor]] [[Helmut Kohl]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
*{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[West Germany]]''' - [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor]] [[Helmut Kohl]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
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*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]''' - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] |
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]''' - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} '''[[United States]]''' - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ronald Reagan]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
*{{flagicon|USA}} '''[[United States]]''' - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ronald Reagan]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
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⚫ | This was be the last G7 summit in which Reagan participated.<ref>Kurtaman, Joel. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE0DD1631F93AA25755C0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&&scp=1&sq=1982%20summit%20%20conference%20G7&st=cse "Business Forum: Reagan's Final Summit Conference; The Forecast Is for All Talk, No Action,"] ''New York Times.'' June 19, 1988.</ref> |
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==Issues== |
==Issues== |
Revision as of 01:08, 29 May 2010
14th G7 summit | |
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Host country | Canada |
Dates | June 19-20 |
The 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between June 19 and 21, 1988. The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto.[1]
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976)[2] and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).[3] The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's President Giscard d'Estaing and Germany's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.[4]
Unlike the relatively low key summit at Château Montebello in 1981, the Toronto summit was held under tight security with involvement of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and Metro Toronto Police.
Canada was the first member of the G7/G8 to host both this kind of Summit and an Olympic Games in the same calendar year. In February, Calgary, Alberta, hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics.
Leaders at the summit
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.[3]
This was be the last G7 summit in which Reagan participated.[5]
Core G7 participants
- Canada - Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.[1]
- European Commission - President Jacques Delors[6]
- France - President François Mitterrand.[1]
- West Germany - Chancellor Helmut Kohl.[1]
- Italy - Prime Minister Ciriaco de Mita.[1]
- Japan - Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita.[1]
- United Kingdom - Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
- United States - President Ronald Reagan.[1]
Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.[4] Issues which were discussed at this summit included:
- International Economic Policy Cooperation
- Multilateral Trading System / Uruguay Round
- Newly Industrialized Economies
- Developing Countries and Debt
- Environment
- Future Summits
- Other Issues
- Annex on Structural Reform
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past.. Accessed 2009-03-11. Archived 2009-04-30.
- ^ Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997.
- ^ a b Reuters: "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?", July 3, 2008.
- ^ a b Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.
- ^ Kurtaman, Joel. "Business Forum: Reagan's Final Summit Conference; The Forecast Is for All Talk, No Action," New York Times. June 19, 1988.
- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan): Summit (14); European Union: "EU and the G8"
References
- Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. 10-ISBN 0-754-61185-X; 13-ISBN 978-0-754-61185-1; OCLC 43186692
- Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. 10-ISBN 0-415-16486-9; 13-ISBN 978-0-415-16486-3
External links
- No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
- University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, G8 Information Centre