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{{About year|1449}} |
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{{one source|date=August 2019}} |
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{{Year nav|1449}} |
{{Year nav|1449}} |
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{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1449''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDXLIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. |
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1449''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDXLIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. |
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== Events == |
== Events == |
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<onlyinclude> |
<onlyinclude> |
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=== January–December === |
=== January–December === |
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* [[January 6]] – [[Constantine XI Palaiologos]] is crowned [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine Emperor]] at [[Mistra]]; he will be the last in a line of rulers |
* [[January 6]] – [[Constantine XI Palaiologos]] is crowned [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine Emperor]] at [[Mistra]]; he will be the last in a line of rulers that can be traced to the [[founding of Rome]]. |
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* [[February]] – [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia|Alexăndrel]] seizes the throne of [[Moldavia]], with the support of the boyars. |
* [[February]] – [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia|Alexăndrel]] seizes the throne of [[Moldavia]], with the support of the boyars. |
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* [[March 24]] – [[Hundred Years' War (1415–1453)|Hundred Years' War]]: English forces capture [[Fougères]] in Brittany.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=123–125|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> |
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* [[April 7]] – The last [[Antipope]], [[Felix V]], abdicates. |
* [[April 7]] – The last [[Antipope]], [[Felix V]], abdicates. |
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* [[April 19]] – [[Pope Nicholas V]] is elected by the [[Council of Basel]]. |
* [[April 19]] – [[Pope Nicholas V]] is elected by the [[Council of Basel]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Leonard von Matt|author2=Hans Kühner|title=The Popes: Papal History in Picture and Word|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hN9OAAAAMAAJ|year=1963|publisher=Universe Books|page=128}}</ref> |
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* [[April 25]] – The [[Council of Basel]] dissolves itself. |
* [[April 25]] – The [[Council of Basel]] dissolves itself. |
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* [[May]] – An English privateering fleet led by Robert Wennington challenges ships of the [[Hanseatic League]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Sea and Medieval English Literature|first=Sebastian I.|last=Sobecki|publisher=D.S. Brewer|location=Cambridge|year=2008|isbn=9781846155918|page=155}}</ref> |
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* [[May 14]] – [[Second Siege of Sfetigrad (1449)]]: The Albanian garrison surrenders |
* [[May 14]] – [[Second Siege of Sfetigrad (1449)]]: The Albanian garrison surrenders and the [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]] seize the fortress. |
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* [[May 20]] – [[Battle of Alfarrobeira]]: King [[Afonso V of Portugal]] defeats the forces of [[Peter, Duke of Coimbra]]. |
* [[May 20]] – [[Battle of Alfarrobeira]]: King [[Afonso V of Portugal]] defeats the forces of [[Peter, Duke of Coimbra]]. |
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* [[July]] – Hundred Years' War: The French invade [[Normandy]].<ref name=CBH/> |
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* [[August 13]] – First Margrave War: [[Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg]] takes Lichtenau Fortress from Nuremberg. |
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* [[September |
* [[August 13]] – First Margrave War: [[Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg|Margrave Albrecht]] takes Lichtenau Fortress from Nuremberg. |
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* [[September 1]] – [[Battle of Tumu Fortress]]: The [[Oirats|Oirat]] [[Mongols]] defeat the [[Ming dynasty]] army, and capture the [[Zhengtong Emperor]] of China; the latter is officially deposed, while his brother ascends as the [[Jingtai Emperor]] the next year. |
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* [[October]] – [[Bogdan II of Moldavia]] enters the country with troops from [[John Hunyadi]], and takes |
* [[October]] – [[Bogdan II of Moldavia]] enters the country with troops from [[John Hunyadi]], and takes the throne after [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia|Alexăndrel]] flees. |
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* [[October 29]] – The French recapture [[Rouen]] from the English. |
* [[October 29]] – The French recapture [[Rouen]] from the English.<ref name=CBH/></onlyinclude> |
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</onlyinclude> |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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* [[January 1]] – [[Lorenzo de' Medici]], Italian statesman (d. [[1492]]) |
* [[January 1]] – [[Lorenzo de' Medici]], Italian statesman (d. [[1492]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Edith Carpenter|title=Lorenzo De' Medici|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0MZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA11|year=1893|publisher=G.P. Putnam's sons|pages=11|language=en}}</ref> |
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* [[January 17]] – [[Osanna of Mantua]], Italian Dominican tertiary (d. [[1505]]) |
* [[January 17]] – [[Osanna of Mantua]], Italian Dominican tertiary (d. [[1505]]) |
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* [[February 7]] – [[Adriana of Nassau- |
* [[February 7]] – [[Adriana of Nassau-Siegen]], consort of Count Philip I of Hanau-Münzenberg (d. [[1477]]) |
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* [[April 27]] – [[Asakura Ujikage]], 8th head of the Asakura clan of Japan (d. [[1486]]) |
* [[April 27]] – [[Asakura Ujikage]], 8th head of the Asakura clan of Japan (d. [[1486]]) |
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* [[August 10]] – [[Bona of Savoy]], Duchess of Savoy (d. [[1503]]) |
* [[August 10]] – [[Bona of Savoy]], Duchess of Savoy (d. [[1503]]) |
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** [[Aldus Manutius]], Italian printer |
** [[Aldus Manutius]], Italian printer |
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** [[Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus]] (d. [[1513]]) |
** [[Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus]] (d. [[1513]]) |
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**[[Axayacatl]], Aztec ruler of [[Tenochtitlan]] (d. [[1481]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Axayácatl, |
**[[Axayacatl]], Aztec ruler of [[Tenochtitlan]] (d. [[1481]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Axayácatl, "El de la máscara de agua" (1469-1481)|url=https://arqueologiamexicana.mx/mexico-antiguo/axayacatl-el-de-la-mascara-de-agua-1469-1481|website=Arqueologia Mexicana|date=July 6, 2016 |language=es|trans-title=Axayácatl,, "He with the Water Mask"|access-date=June 6, 2019}}</ref> |
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** [[Domenico Gagini]], Italian sculptor (d. [[1492]]) |
** [[Domenico Gagini]], Italian sculptor (d. [[1492]]) |
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** [[Domenico Ghirlandaio]], Italian artist (d. [[1494]]) |
** [[Domenico Ghirlandaio]], Italian artist (d. [[1494]]) |
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** [[Álvaro Vaz de Almada, 1st Count of Avranches]] |
** [[Álvaro Vaz de Almada, 1st Count of Avranches]] |
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** [[Peter, Duke of Coimbra]] (b. [[1392]]) |
** [[Peter, Duke of Coimbra]] (b. [[1392]]) |
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* [[June 1]] – [[Polissena Sforza]], Lady of Rimini (b. 1428)<ref>{{cite book |last=Jones |first=P.J. |author-link= |date=1974 |title=The Malatesta of Rimini and the Papal State |url= |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=201–202 |language= |isbn=0-521-20042-3}}</ref> |
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* [[August 13]] – [[Louis IV, Elector Palatine]] (b. [[1424]]) |
* [[August 13]] – [[Louis IV, Elector Palatine]] (b. [[1424]]) |
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* [[October 27]] – [[Ulugh Beg]], Timurid ruler and astronomer (b. [[1394]]) |
* [[October 27]] – [[Ulugh Beg]], Timurid ruler and astronomer (b. [[1394]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p3bfAAAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Director of Public Relations, Ministry of Defence|page=20}}</ref> |
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* [[October 31]] – [[Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brzeg-Legnica and Cieszyn]], German princess (b. [[1403]]) |
* [[October 31]] – [[Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brzeg-Legnica and Cieszyn]], German princess (b. [[1403]]) |
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* [[November 19]] – [[Kunigunde of Sternberg]], first spouse of the King George of Podebrady (b. [[1425]]) |
* [[November 19]] – [[Kunigunde of Sternberg]], first spouse of the King George of Podebrady (b. [[1425]]) |
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* [[December 24]] – [[Walter Bower]], Scottish chronicler (b. [[1385]]) |
* [[December 24]] – [[Walter Bower]], Scottish chronicler (b. [[1385]])<ref>{{cite book|author=University of Oxford|title=Register of the University of Oxford, 1449 (-1622). ed. by C.W. Boase (A. Clark). 2 vols. [in 5 pt.].|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGNbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA168|year=1885|pages=168}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
Latest revision as of 19:19, 25 February 2024
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
1449 by topic |
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Arts and science |
Leaders |
Birth and death categories |
Births – Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments – Disestablishments |
Art and literature |
1449 in poetry |
Gregorian calendar | 1449 MCDXLIX |
Ab urbe condita | 2202 |
Armenian calendar | 898 ԹՎ ՊՂԸ |
Assyrian calendar | 6199 |
Balinese saka calendar | 1370–1371 |
Bengali calendar | 856 |
Berber calendar | 2399 |
English Regnal year | 27 Hen. 6 – 28 Hen. 6 |
Buddhist calendar | 1993 |
Burmese calendar | 811 |
Byzantine calendar | 6957–6958 |
Chinese calendar | 戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 4146 or 3939 — to — 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 4147 or 3940 |
Coptic calendar | 1165–1166 |
Discordian calendar | 2615 |
Ethiopian calendar | 1441–1442 |
Hebrew calendar | 5209–5210 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 1505–1506 |
- Shaka Samvat | 1370–1371 |
- Kali Yuga | 4549–4550 |
Holocene calendar | 11449 |
Igbo calendar | 449–450 |
Iranian calendar | 827–828 |
Islamic calendar | 852–853 |
Japanese calendar | Bun'an 6 / Hōtoku 1 (宝徳元年) |
Javanese calendar | 1364–1365 |
Julian calendar | 1449 MCDXLIX |
Korean calendar | 3782 |
Minguo calendar | 463 before ROC 民前463年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −19 |
Thai solar calendar | 1991–1992 |
Tibetan calendar | 阳土龙年 (male Earth-Dragon) 1575 or 1194 or 422 — to — 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) 1576 or 1195 or 423 |
Year 1449 (MCDXLIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- January 6 – Constantine XI Palaiologos is crowned Byzantine Emperor at Mistra; he will be the last in a line of rulers that can be traced to the founding of Rome.
- February – Alexăndrel seizes the throne of Moldavia, with the support of the boyars.
- March 24 – Hundred Years' War: English forces capture Fougères in Brittany.[1]
- April 7 – The last Antipope, Felix V, abdicates.
- April 19 – Pope Nicholas V is elected by the Council of Basel.[2]
- April 25 – The Council of Basel dissolves itself.
- May – An English privateering fleet led by Robert Wennington challenges ships of the Hanseatic League.[3]
- May 14 – Second Siege of Sfetigrad (1449): The Albanian garrison surrenders and the Ottomans seize the fortress.
- May 20 – Battle of Alfarrobeira: King Afonso V of Portugal defeats the forces of Peter, Duke of Coimbra.
- July – Hundred Years' War: The French invade Normandy.[1]
- August 13 – First Margrave War: Margrave Albrecht takes Lichtenau Fortress from Nuremberg.
- September 1 – Battle of Tumu Fortress: The Oirat Mongols defeat the Ming dynasty army, and capture the Zhengtong Emperor of China; the latter is officially deposed, while his brother ascends as the Jingtai Emperor the next year.
- October – Bogdan II of Moldavia enters the country with troops from John Hunyadi, and takes the throne after Alexăndrel flees.
- October 29 – The French recapture Rouen from the English.[1]
Births
- January 1 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesman (d. 1492)[4]
- January 17 – Osanna of Mantua, Italian Dominican tertiary (d. 1505)
- February 7 – Adriana of Nassau-Siegen, consort of Count Philip I of Hanau-Münzenberg (d. 1477)
- April 27 – Asakura Ujikage, 8th head of the Asakura clan of Japan (d. 1486)
- August 10 – Bona of Savoy, Duchess of Savoy (d. 1503)
- September 20 – Philipp I, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg, German noble (d. 1500)
- October 21 – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, brother of Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (d. 1478)
- November 11 – Catherine of Poděbrady, Hungarian Queen (d. 1464)
- November 14 – Sidonie of Poděbrady, Bohemian princess, duchess consort of Saxony (d. 1510)
- December 6 – Dorotea Gonzaga, Italian noble (d. 1467)
- date unknown
- Aldus Manutius, Italian printer
- Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus (d. 1513)
- Axayacatl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan (d. 1481)[5]
- Domenico Gagini, Italian sculptor (d. 1492)
- Domenico Ghirlandaio, Italian artist (d. 1494)
- Magnus Hundt, German physician and theologian (d. 1519)
- Margaret of Thuringia, Electress consort of Brandenburg (d. 1501)
- probable
- Ilham Ghali khan of Kazan Khanate, (d. 1490)
- Srimanta Sankardeva, Assamese scholar and religious figure (d. c. 1568)
- Mandukhai Khatun, Mongolian queen
Deaths
- January 4 – Cecilia of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b. c.1405)
- January 21 – Giovanni Berardi, Archbishop of Taranto (b. 1380)
- February 2 – Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Islamic scholar (b. 1372)
- March – Dolce dell'Anguillara, Italian condottiero (b. 1401)
- May – Alexander of Islay, Earl of Ross, Lord of the Isles
- May 20 (at the Battle of Alfarrobeira)
- June 1 – Polissena Sforza, Lady of Rimini (b. 1428)[6]
- August 13 – Louis IV, Elector Palatine (b. 1424)
- October 27 – Ulugh Beg, Timurid ruler and astronomer (b. 1394)[7]
- October 31 – Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brzeg-Legnica and Cieszyn, German princess (b. 1403)
- November 19 – Kunigunde of Sternberg, first spouse of the King George of Podebrady (b. 1425)
- December 24 – Walter Bower, Scottish chronicler (b. 1385)[8]
References
- ^ a b c Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 123–125. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Leonard von Matt; Hans Kühner (1963). The Popes: Papal History in Picture and Word. Universe Books. p. 128.
- ^ Sobecki, Sebastian I. (2008). The Sea and Medieval English Literature. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer. p. 155. ISBN 9781846155918.
- ^ Edith Carpenter (1893). Lorenzo De' Medici. G.P. Putnam's sons. p. 11.
- ^ "Axayácatl, "El de la máscara de agua" (1469-1481)" [Axayácatl,, "He with the Water Mask"]. Arqueologia Mexicana (in Spanish). July 6, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
- ^ Jones, P.J. (1974). The Malatesta of Rimini and the Papal State. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 201–202. ISBN 0-521-20042-3.
- ^ Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces. Director of Public Relations, Ministry of Defence. 1990. p. 20.
- ^ University of Oxford (1885). Register of the University of Oxford, 1449 (-1622). ed. by C.W. Boase (A. Clark). 2 vols. [in 5 pt.]. p. 168.