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Added details Hermann von Balk (German nobleman |
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== Events == |
== Events == |
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⚫ | * [[November |
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=== By place === |
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⚫ | * [[November 27]] – [[Battle of Cortenuova]]: [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor]] defeats the [[Lombard League]].<ref>{{cite book|author=John Larner|title=Italy in the Age of Dante and Petrarch, 1216-1380|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QRsZAQAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Longman|isbn=978-0-582-48366-8|page=31}}</ref> |
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* [[December 21]] – [[Mongol invasion of Rus']]: [[Ryazan]] is sacked. |
* [[December 21]] – [[Mongol invasion of Rus']]: [[Ryazan]] is sacked. |
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* [[Thomas II of Savoy]] becomes [[count of Flanders]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coss |first1=Peter R. |last2=Coss |first2=P. R. |last3=Lloyd |first3=Simon D. |title=Thirteenth Century England II: Proceedings of the Newcastle Upon Tyne Conference 1987 |date=1988 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=9780851155135 |page=83 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mFhOA1a0jnkC&pg=PA83|language=en}}</ref> |
* [[Thomas II of Savoy]] becomes [[count of Flanders]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coss |first1=Peter R. |last2=Coss |first2=P. R. |last3=Lloyd |first3=Simon D. |title=Thirteenth Century England II: Proceedings of the Newcastle Upon Tyne Conference 1987 |date=1988 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=9780851155135 |page=83 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mFhOA1a0jnkC&pg=PA83|language=en}}</ref> |
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* [[Berlin]] (city in [[Germany]]) is founded and recognized as a [[city]]. |
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* [[Elbląg|Elbing]] is founded in the [[State of the Teutonic Order]] (today Elbląg, [[Poland]]). |
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* After turning aside south for 15 years to invade the [[Caucasus]], [[Asia Minor]] and [[Persia]], [[Batu Khan]] (with representatives of all four [[khanate]]s leading 150,000 Mongol, [[Turkish people|Turkish]] and [[History of Iran|Persian]] troops into [[Europe]]) resumes the [[Mongol invasion of Europe|European invasion]], with the resumption of the [[Mongol invasion of Rus']] foreshadowed thereby. |
* After turning aside south for 15 years to invade the [[Caucasus]], [[Asia Minor]] and [[Persia]], [[Batu Khan]] (with representatives of all four [[khanate]]s leading 150,000 Mongol, [[Turkish people|Turkish]] and [[History of Iran|Persian]] troops into [[Europe]]) resumes the [[Mongol invasion of Europe|European invasion]], with the resumption of the [[Mongol invasion of Rus']] foreshadowed thereby. |
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* [[Gualdo Tadino]], [[Italy]], is destroyed by fire. |
* [[Gualdo Tadino]], [[Italy]], is destroyed by fire. |
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* The [[County of Artois]] is founded in [[Kingdom of France|France]]. |
* The [[County of Artois]] is founded in [[Kingdom of France|France]]. |
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* [[Baldwin II of Constantinople|Baldwin II]] becomes [[Latin Empire|Latin Emperor]] of [[Constantinople]]. |
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* [[Conrad IV of Germany]] becomes [[List of German Kings and Emperors|King of Germany]]. |
* [[Conrad IV of Germany]] becomes [[List of German Kings and Emperors|King of Germany]]. |
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* [[Livonian Crusade]]: After their defeat in the [[Battle of Saule]], the [[Livonian Brothers of the Sword]] are absorbed into the [[Teutonic Order]], as the autonomous [[Livonian Order]]. An [[Estonians|Estonian]] rebellion begins on [[Saaremaa]] Island. |
* [[Livonian Crusade]]: After their defeat in the [[Battle of Saule]], the [[Livonian Brothers of the Sword]] are absorbed into the [[Teutonic Order]], as the autonomous [[Livonian Order]]. An [[Estonians|Estonian]] rebellion begins on [[Saaremaa]] Island. |
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* A major fire destroys some 30,000 dwellings in the Chinese capital city of [[Hangzhou]]. |
* A major fire destroys some 30,000 dwellings in the Chinese capital city of [[Hangzhou]]. |
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=== By topic === |
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==== Cities and Towns ==== |
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* [[Cölln]], twin city of the later build [[Alt-Berlin]] (or '''Old Berlin'''), is founded on the [[Fischerinsel]]. The town becomes a trade centre, which is linked with [[Magdeburg]] and [[Frankfurt (Oder)|Frankfurt an der Oder]]. |
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* [[Elbląg]] is founded by the [[Teutonic Order]] under Grand Master [[Hermann Balk|Hermann von Balk]]. He constructs a fortified stronghold on the banks of the [[Elbląg (river)|Elbląg River]] (modern [[Poland]]). |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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* [[Bohemond VI of Antioch]], ruler of the [[principality of Antioch]] |
* [[Bohemond VI of Antioch]], ruler of the [[principality of Antioch]] |
Revision as of 14:30, 10 December 2021
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
1237 by topic |
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Leaders |
Birth and death categories |
Births – Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments – Disestablishments |
Art and literature |
1237 in poetry |
Gregorian calendar | 1237 MCCXXXVII |
Ab urbe condita | 1990 |
Armenian calendar | 686 ԹՎ ՈՁԶ |
Assyrian calendar | 5987 |
Balinese saka calendar | 1158–1159 |
Bengali calendar | 644 |
Berber calendar | 2187 |
English Regnal year | 21 Hen. 3 – 22 Hen. 3 |
Buddhist calendar | 1781 |
Burmese calendar | 599 |
Byzantine calendar | 6745–6746 |
Chinese calendar | 丙申年 (Fire Monkey) 3934 or 3727 — to — 丁酉年 (Fire Rooster) 3935 or 3728 |
Coptic calendar | 953–954 |
Discordian calendar | 2403 |
Ethiopian calendar | 1229–1230 |
Hebrew calendar | 4997–4998 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 1293–1294 |
- Shaka Samvat | 1158–1159 |
- Kali Yuga | 4337–4338 |
Holocene calendar | 11237 |
Igbo calendar | 237–238 |
Iranian calendar | 615–616 |
Islamic calendar | 634–635 |
Japanese calendar | Katei 3 (嘉禎3年) |
Javanese calendar | 1146–1147 |
Julian calendar | 1237 MCCXXXVII |
Korean calendar | 3570 |
Minguo calendar | 675 before ROC 民前675年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −231 |
Thai solar calendar | 1779–1780 |
Tibetan calendar | 阳火猴年 (male Fire-Monkey) 1363 or 982 or 210 — to — 阴火鸡年 (female Fire-Rooster) 1364 or 983 or 211 |
Year 1237 (MCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
- November 27 – Battle of Cortenuova: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Lombard League.[1]
- December 21 – Mongol invasion of Rus': Ryazan is sacked.
- Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders.[2]
- After turning aside south for 15 years to invade the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Persia, Batu Khan (with representatives of all four khanates leading 150,000 Mongol, Turkish and Persian troops into Europe) resumes the European invasion, with the resumption of the Mongol invasion of Rus' foreshadowed thereby.
- Gualdo Tadino, Italy, is destroyed by fire.
- The County of Artois is founded in France.
- Conrad IV of Germany becomes King of Germany.
- Livonian Crusade: After their defeat in the Battle of Saule, the Livonian Brothers of the Sword are absorbed into the Teutonic Order, as the autonomous Livonian Order. An Estonian rebellion begins on Saaremaa Island.
- A major fire destroys some 30,000 dwellings in the Chinese capital city of Hangzhou.
By topic
Cities and Towns
- Cölln, twin city of the later build Alt-Berlin (or Old Berlin), is founded on the Fischerinsel. The town becomes a trade centre, which is linked with Magdeburg and Frankfurt an der Oder.
- Elbląg is founded by the Teutonic Order under Grand Master Hermann von Balk. He constructs a fortified stronghold on the banks of the Elbląg River (modern Poland).
Births
- Bohemond VI of Antioch, ruler of the principality of Antioch
- Agnes of Dampierre, ruling lady of Bourbon (d. 1287)
Deaths
- February 2 – Joan, Lady of Wales[3]
- April 15 – Richard Poore, English ecclesiastic
- May 21 – Olaf the Black, Norse sea-king
- June 6 – John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon[4]
- Wei Liaoweng, Chinese scholar, philosopher and politician (b. 1178)
- probable – Pons de Capduelh, French troubadour
References
- ^ John Larner (1980). Italy in the Age of Dante and Petrarch, 1216-1380. Longman. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-582-48366-8.
- ^ Coss, Peter R.; Coss, P. R.; Lloyd, Simon D. (1988). Thirteenth Century England II: Proceedings of the Newcastle Upon Tyne Conference 1987. Boydell & Brewer. p. 83. ISBN 9780851155135.
- ^ Kate Norgate and A. D. Carr: "Joan [Siwan", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: OUP, 2004), Retrieved 2 February 2019.]
- ^ George Edward Cokayne (1913). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Canonteign to Cutts. St. Catherine Press, Limited. p. 169.