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==== Europe ==== |
==== Europe ==== |
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* [[March 8]] – [[Philip of Swabia]], son of the late Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa'''), is elected "King of Germany" by his supporters at [[Mühlhausen]] in [[Thuringia]]. On [[July 12]], Archbishop [[Adolf of Altena|Adolf of Cologne]] elects [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto of Brunswick]], son of [[Henry the Lion]], as Philip's rival. Otto IV is crowned as [[King of the Romans]] in [[Aachen]] by supporters of the [[House of Welf]]. |
* [[March 8]] – [[Philip of Swabia]], son of the late Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa'''), is elected "King of Germany" by his supporters at [[Mühlhausen]] in [[Thuringia]]. On [[July 12]], Archbishop [[Adolf of Altena|Adolf of Cologne]] elects [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto of Brunswick]], son of [[Henry the Lion]], as Philip's rival. Otto IV is crowned as [[King of the Romans]] in [[Aachen]] by supporters of the [[House of Welf]]. Philip's [[coronation]], does not take place until [[September 8]] at [[Mainz]]. |
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* [[May 17]] – [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]], infant son of the late Emperor [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI]], is crowned King of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]]. His mother, Queen [[Constance, Queen of Sicily|Constance I]] becomes [[regent]], while she surrounds herself with local advisors. On [[November 27]], Constance dies in the royal palace at [[Palermo]]. She is succeeded by the new pope, [[Pope Innocent III|Innocent III]], who becomes Frederick's guardian and mentor. |
* [[May 17]] – [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]], infant son of the late Emperor [[Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VI]], is crowned King of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]]. His mother, Queen [[Constance, Queen of Sicily|Constance I]] becomes [[regent]], while she surrounds herself with local advisors. On [[November 27]], Constance dies in the royal palace at [[Palermo]]. She is succeeded by the new pope, [[Pope Innocent III|Innocent III]], who becomes Frederick's guardian and mentor. |
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==== England ==== |
==== England ==== |
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* [[John, King of England|John of England]] captures a party of 18 French knights and many men-at-arms, in the ongoing conflict against [[France in the Middle Ages|France]].<ref>''King John'' by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 47</ref> His brother, King [[Richard I of England|Richard I]] ('''the Lionheart''') introduces a new Great Seal – in an attempt to keep the war against France funded. The government proclaims that charters previously struck with the old seal are no longer valid and must be renewed with a fresh payment.<ref>''King John'' by Warren Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 62</ref> The office of [[Lord Warden of the Stannaries]] is also introduced, to tax the produce of tin mines in [[Cornwall]] and [[Devon]].<ref>''King John'' by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 124</ref> |
* [[John, King of England|John of England]] captures a party of 18 French knights and many men-at-arms, in the ongoing conflict against [[France in the Middle Ages|France]].<ref>''King John'' by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 47</ref> His brother, King [[Richard I of England|Richard I]] ('''the Lionheart''') introduces a new Great Seal – in an attempt to keep the war against France funded. The government proclaims that charters previously struck with the old seal are no longer valid and must be renewed with a fresh payment.<ref>''King John'' by Warren Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 62</ref> The office of [[Lord Warden of the Stannaries]] is also introduced, to tax the produce of tin mines in [[Cornwall]] and [[Devon]].<ref>''King John'' by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 124</ref> |
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* [[September 27]] – [[Battle of Gisors]]: Richard I defeats the French forces led by [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') at [[Courcelles-lès-Gisors]], in [[Picardy]]. Richard captures three castles on the border of the [[Vexin]]. The French troops, many of them mounted, crowed the bridge leading into Gisors Castle but collapse beneath them. |
* [[September 27]] – [[Battle of Gisors]]: Richard I defeats the French forces led by [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''') at [[Courcelles-lès-Gisors]], in [[Picardy]]. Richard captures three castles on the border of the [[Vexin]]. The French troops, many of them mounted, crowed the bridge leading into Gisors Castle but collapse beneath them. The French king is among those who plunge into the water in his armor. Many French knights drown, but Philip is pulled to safety. |
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==== Levant ==== |
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* Spring – [[Aimery of Cyprus|Amalric I]], ruler of [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]], marries Princess [[Isabella I of Jerusalem|Isabella I]], daughter of the late King [[Amalric I of Jerusalem|Amalric I]]. A few days later they are crowned as King and Queen of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]] at [[Acre, Israel|Acre]]. On [[July 1]], Amalric signs a truce with [[Al-Adil I]], sultan of [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]] and [[Syria]], securing the Crusader possessions from Acre as far as to [[Antioch]].<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', pp. 79–82. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref> |
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==== Japan ==== |
==== Japan ==== |
Revision as of 09:40, 10 March 2021
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
1198 by topic |
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Leaders |
Birth and death categories |
Births – Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments – Disestablishments |
Art and literature |
1198 in poetry |
Gregorian calendar | 1198 MCXCVIII |
Ab urbe condita | 1951 |
Armenian calendar | 647 ԹՎ ՈԽԷ |
Assyrian calendar | 5948 |
Balinese saka calendar | 1119–1120 |
Bengali calendar | 605 |
Berber calendar | 2148 |
English Regnal year | 9 Ric. 1 – 10 Ric. 1 |
Buddhist calendar | 1742 |
Burmese calendar | 560 |
Byzantine calendar | 6706–6707 |
Chinese calendar | 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 3895 or 3688 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 3896 or 3689 |
Coptic calendar | 914–915 |
Discordian calendar | 2364 |
Ethiopian calendar | 1190–1191 |
Hebrew calendar | 4958–4959 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 1254–1255 |
- Shaka Samvat | 1119–1120 |
- Kali Yuga | 4298–4299 |
Holocene calendar | 11198 |
Igbo calendar | 198–199 |
Iranian calendar | 576–577 |
Islamic calendar | 594–595 |
Japanese calendar | Kenkyū 9 (建久9年) |
Javanese calendar | 1106–1107 |
Julian calendar | 1198 MCXCVIII |
Korean calendar | 3531 |
Minguo calendar | 714 before ROC 民前714年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −270 |
Seleucid era | 1509/1510 AG |
Thai solar calendar | 1740–1741 |
Tibetan calendar | 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) 1324 or 943 or 171 — to — 阳土马年 (male Earth-Horse) 1325 or 944 or 172 |
Year 1198 (MCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- March 8 – Philip of Swabia, son of the late Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa), is elected "King of Germany" by his supporters at Mühlhausen in Thuringia. On July 12, Archbishop Adolf of Cologne elects Otto of Brunswick, son of Henry the Lion, as Philip's rival. Otto IV is crowned as King of the Romans in Aachen by supporters of the House of Welf. Philip's coronation, does not take place until September 8 at Mainz.
- May 17 – Frederick II, infant son of the late Emperor Henry VI, is crowned King of Sicily. His mother, Queen Constance I becomes regent, while she surrounds herself with local advisors. On November 27, Constance dies in the royal palace at Palermo. She is succeeded by the new pope, Innocent III, who becomes Frederick's guardian and mentor.
England
- John of England captures a party of 18 French knights and many men-at-arms, in the ongoing conflict against France.[1] His brother, King Richard I (the Lionheart) introduces a new Great Seal – in an attempt to keep the war against France funded. The government proclaims that charters previously struck with the old seal are no longer valid and must be renewed with a fresh payment.[2] The office of Lord Warden of the Stannaries is also introduced, to tax the produce of tin mines in Cornwall and Devon.[3]
- September 27 – Battle of Gisors: Richard I defeats the French forces led by Philip II (Augustus) at Courcelles-lès-Gisors, in Picardy. Richard captures three castles on the border of the Vexin. The French troops, many of them mounted, crowed the bridge leading into Gisors Castle but collapse beneath them. The French king is among those who plunge into the water in his armor. Many French knights drown, but Philip is pulled to safety.
Levant
- Spring – Amalric I, ruler of Cyprus, marries Princess Isabella I, daughter of the late King Amalric I. A few days later they are crowned as King and Queen of Jerusalem at Acre. On July 1, Amalric signs a truce with Al-Adil I, sultan of Egypt and Syria, securing the Crusader possessions from Acre as far as to Antioch.[4]
Japan
- February 18 – Emperor Go-Toba (or Toba the Second) abdicates the throne in favor of his two-year-old son Tsuchimikado after a 14-year reign.
By topic
Religion
- January 8 – Pope Innocent III succeeds Pope Celestine III, to become the 176th pope. He immediately lays an interdict on Laon, in an attempt to stamp out independent beliefs there. This will be followed by interdicts against France in 1199, and Normandy in 1203.
Births
- August 24 – King Alexander II of Scotland (d. 1249)
- date unknown
- Ertugrul, Turkish leader, father of Osman I (d. 1281)
- Ferdinand III of Castile (d. 1252)
- Stefan Vladislav, King of Serbia (d. c. 1269)
- Sybilla of Lusignan, queen consort of Armenia, married to Leo II of Armenia (d. c. 1230)
Deaths
- January 8 – Pope Celestine III (b. c. 1106)
- March 11 – Marie of France, Countess of Champagne, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1145)
- April 16 – Duke Frederick I of Austria (b. c. 1175)
- July 24 – Berthold of Hanover, Bishop of Livonia
- September 1 – Dulce, Queen of Portugal, married to King Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1160)
- November 27 – Constance, Queen of Sicily, married to Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1154)
- December 10 – Averroes, Arab philosopher and physician (b. 1126)
- date unknown
- Ruaidri Ua Conchobair, last High King of Ireland
- Alix of France, Countess Regent of Blois, daughter of Louis VII of France (b. 1150)
- William III of Sicily (b. 1190)
- William of Newburgh, English historian (b. 1135)
References
- ^ King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 47
- ^ King John by Warren Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 62
- ^ King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 124
- ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 79–82. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.