m I corrected an equation. |
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'''Germanane''' is a single-layer crystal |
'''Germanane''' is a single-layer crystal composed of [[germanium]]. In [[material science]], great interest is shown in related single layered materials, such as [[graphene]], composed of carbon, and silocene, composed of [[silicon]]. Such materials represent a new generation of semiconductors with potential applications in [computer chip]]s and [[solar cells]].<ref name=Bianco2013>{{cite doi|10.1021/nn4009406}}</ref> Germanane’s structure is similar to [[graphane]], itself related to [[graphene]].<ref name=kurz/> Bulk germanium does not adopt this structure. Germanane is produced in a two-step route starting with calcium germanide. From this material, the calcium is removed by oxidation with water to give a layered solid with the empirical formula GeH.<ref name=kurz/> |
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== Properties == |
== Properties == |
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Germanane's [[electron mobility]] is [predicted to be] more than ten times that of silicon and five times more than conventional germanium. Hydrogen-doped germanane is chemically and physically stable when exposed to air and water.<ref name=kurz>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurzweilai.net/germanane-may-replace-silicon-for-lighter-faster-electronics?utm_source=KurzweilAI+Daily+Newsletter&utm_campaign=2f68be1438-UA-946742-1&utm_medium=email |title=‘Germanane’ may replace silicon for lighter, faster electronics |publisher=KurzweilAI |date= |accessdate=2013-04-12}}</ref> |
Germanane's [[electron mobility]] is [predicted to be] more than ten times that of silicon and five times more than conventional germanium. Hydrogen-doped germanane is chemically and physically stable when exposed to air and water.<ref name=kurz>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurzweilai.net/germanane-may-replace-silicon-for-lighter-faster-electronics?utm_source=KurzweilAI+Daily+Newsletter&utm_campaign=2f68be1438-UA-946742-1&utm_medium=email |title=‘Germanane’ may replace silicon for lighter, faster electronics |publisher=KurzweilAI |date= |accessdate=2013-04-12}}</ref> |
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"Theory predicts a direct band gap of 1.53 eV and an electron mobility ca. five times higher than that of bulk Ge."<ref name=Bianco2013/> |
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Recent density functional theory predicts a Fermi velocity of ν<sub>F</sub> = {{val|0.69|e=6|u=m·s<sup>−1</sup>}}. <ref name="jcott2011">{{Cite journal |author = J. C. Garcia, D. B. de Lima, L. V. C. Assali, and J. F. Justo |title = Group IV Graphene- and Graphane-Like Nanosheets |doi= 10.1021/jp203657w |journal = J. Phys. Chem. C. |volume = 115 |page = 13242 |year = 2011|arxiv = 1204.2875 }}</ref> |
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Theory also predicts that both hydrogenated and fluorinated germanane forms are energetically stable. <ref name="jcott2011">{{Cite journal |author = J. C. Garcia, D. B. de Lima, L. V. C. Assali, and J. F. Justo |title = Group IV Graphene- and Graphane-Like Nanosheets |doi= 10.1021/jp203657w |journal = J. Phys. Chem. C. |volume = 115 |page = 13242 |year = 2011|arxiv = 1204.2875 }}</ref> |
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Germanane has a “[[direct band gap]],” easily absorbing and emitting light, and potentially useful for [[optoelectronics]]. (Conventional silicon and germanium have indirect band gaps, reducing light absorption or emission.) |
Germanane has a “[[direct band gap]],” easily absorbing and emitting light, and potentially useful for [[optoelectronics]]. (Conventional silicon and germanium have indirect band gaps, reducing light absorption or emission.) |
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== Structure == |
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Germanane’s structure is similar to [[graphane]], itself related to [[graphene]].<ref name=kurz/> |
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== Production == |
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In nature, germanium tends to form multilayered crystals in which each atomic layer is bonded together; single-atom layers are normally unstable. Researchers intercalated multi-layered germanium crystals with calcium atoms between the layers. In a later step they dissolved the calcium with water, and replaced it with hydrogen, allowing them to peel off individual layers of germanane.<ref name=kurz/> |
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== References == |
== References == |
Revision as of 13:17, 31 August 2013
Germanane is a single-layer crystal composed of germanium. In material science, great interest is shown in related single layered materials, such as graphene, composed of carbon, and silocene, composed of silicon. Such materials represent a new generation of semiconductors with potential applications in [computer chip]]s and solar cells.[1] Germanane’s structure is similar to graphane, itself related to graphene.[2] Bulk germanium does not adopt this structure. Germanane is produced in a two-step route starting with calcium germanide. From this material, the calcium is removed by oxidation with water to give a layered solid with the empirical formula GeH.[2]
Properties
Germanane's electron mobility is [predicted to be] more than ten times that of silicon and five times more than conventional germanium. Hydrogen-doped germanane is chemically and physically stable when exposed to air and water.[2]
Germanane has a “direct band gap,” easily absorbing and emitting light, and potentially useful for optoelectronics. (Conventional silicon and germanium have indirect band gaps, reducing light absorption or emission.)
References
- ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1021/nn4009406, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with
|doi=10.1021/nn4009406
instead. - ^ a b c "'Germanane' may replace silicon for lighter, faster electronics". KurzweilAI. Retrieved 2013-04-12.