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In 2021, [[David Gorski]]'s article "What the heck happened to John Ioannidis?" described statements by Ioannidis about COVID-19 as inflammatory and politically charged, and said Ioannidis had made egregious ''ad hominem'' attacks.<ref name=":2" /> |
In 2021, [[David Gorski]]'s article "What the heck happened to John Ioannidis?" described statements by Ioannidis about COVID-19 as inflammatory and politically charged, and said Ioannidis had made egregious ''ad hominem'' attacks.<ref name=":2" /> |
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In 2022, Ioannidis was featured in two articles on [[The Daily Telegraph]] describing how signatories of the [[Great Barrington Declaration]] were shunned by those in favor of the [[John Snow Memorandum]] as a fringe minority, the latter using their large numbers of followers on [[Twitter]] and other [[social media]] and [[Op-ed|op-eds]] to shape a scientific "[[groupthink]]" against the former, who supported that harsh and extended [[COVID-19 lockdowns|Covid-19 lockdowns]] were detrimental to the economy, education and mental health.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Knapton |first=Sarah |date=2022-02-15 |title=Lockdown debate skewed because sceptical scientists were shunned on social media |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/02/15/lockdown-debate-skewed-sceptical-scientists-shunned-social-media/ |access-date=2022-03-03 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Knapton |first=Sarah |date=2022-02-26 |title=How scientific ‘groupthink’ silenced those who disagreed with Covid lockdowns |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/02/26/scientific-groupthink-silenced-disagreed-covid-lockdowns/ |access-date=2022-03-03 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> |
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==Awards and honors== |
==Awards and honors== |
Revision as of 21:42, 3 March 2022
John P. A. Ioannidis | |
---|---|
Born | New York City, U.S. | August 21, 1965
Nationality | American, Greek |
Alma mater | University of Athens Medical School Athens College |
Known for | Metascience |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Medicine, metascience |
Institutions | Stanford School of Medicine |
John P. A. Ioannidis (/ˌiəˈniːdəs/; Greek: Ιωάννης Ιωαννίδης, Greek pronunciation: [iɔˈanis iɔaˈniðis];[1][2] born August 21, 1965) is a Greek-American physician-scientist, writer and Stanford University professor who has made contributions to evidence-based medicine, epidemiology, and clinical research. Ioannidis studies scientific research itself, meta-research primarily in clinical medicine and the social sciences.
Ioannidis's 2005 essay "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False" was the most-accessed article in the history of Public Library of Science as of 2020, with more than three million views.[3][4]
Ioannidis has been a prominent opponent of prolonged lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic.[5][6][7]
Early life and education
Born in New York City in 1965, Ioannidis was raised in Athens, Greece.[8] He was valedictorian of his class at Athens College, graduating in 1984, and won a number of awards, including the National Award of the Greek Mathematical Society.[9] He graduated in the top rank of his class at the University of Athens Medical School, then attended Harvard University for his medical residency in internal medicine. He did a fellowship at Tufts University for infectious disease.[10]
Career
From 1998 to 2010, Ioannidis was chairman of the Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine. In 2002, he became an adjunct professor at Tufts University School of Medicine.[11][9] He has also been president of the Society for Research Synthesis Methodology.[9] He is highly cited, having an h-index of 222 on Google Scholar in January 2022.[12]
He is now Professor of Medicine, Health Research and Policy, and of Biomedical Data Science at Stanford University School of Medicine and a professor, by courtesy, of Statistics at Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences.[13][14] He is director of the Stanford Prevention Research Center, and co-director, along with Steven N. Goodman, of the Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford.[15][16]
Research
Ioannidis's 2005 paper "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False"[17] is the most downloaded paper in the Public Library of Science.[13][18][19][20] In the paper, Ioannidis says that most published research does not meet good scientific standards of evidence. Ioannidis has also described the replication crisis in diverse scientific fields including genetics,[21] clinical trials,[22] neuroscience,[23] and nutrition.[24] His work has aimed to identify solutions to problems in research, and on how to perform research more optimally.[25][26][27] In a series of five papers about research published in The Lancet and titled “Research: increasing value, reducing waste”,[27] Ioannidis co-authored papers discussing prioritization, transparency and the assessment of existing evidence when making decisions for the funding of research so that they meet the needs of users of research[28] and examining how to correct weaknesses in research design, methods, and analysis by involving experienced statisticians and methodologists and avoiding stakeholders with conflicts of interest.[29]
Ioannidis's research at Stanford focuses on meta-analysis and meta-research – the study of studies.[30] Thomas Trikalinos and Ioannidis coined the term Proteus phenomenon to describe tendency for early studies on a subject to find larger effect than later ones.[31]
He was an early and influential public critic of Theranos, the now-fallen Silicon Valley blood test startup that at its height was valued at up to $9 billion. He criticized it for "stealth research" that it had not made available for other scientists to review.[32][33][34][35]
Editorial appointments
Ioannidis has served on the editorial board of a number of scientific journals,[13] including the European Journal of Clinical Investigation (editor-in-chief, 2010-2019),[13][36] BMC Medicine,[37] International Journal of Epidemiology,[38] Journal of the American Medical Association,[39] Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,[40] Journal of Infectious Diseases,[41] International Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Genetics[42], International Journal of Epidemiology,[43] Journal of Translational Medicine,[44] Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice,[45] Clinical Chemistry,[46] Physiological Reviews,[47] Royal Society Open Science,[48] Research Integrity and Peer Review,[49] BioMed Central Infectious Diseases,[50] Biomarker Research,[51] Diagnostic and Prognostic Research,[52] PLoS Medicine,[53] PLoS Biology,[54] The Lancet,[53] Annals of Internal Medicine,[53] JNCI,[53] and Science Translational Medicine.[53]
COVID-19
In an editorial on STAT published March 17, 2020, Ioannidis called the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic a "once-in-a-century evidence fiasco" and wrote that lockdowns were likely an overreaction to unreliable data.[14] He estimated that the coronavirus could cause 10,000 U.S. deaths if it infected 1% of the U.S. population, and argued that more data was needed to determine if the virus would spread more.[55][5][14] The virus in fact eventually infected far more people, and would cause more than 800,000 deaths in the U.S.[56][55][5] Marc Lipsitch, Director of the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, objected to Ioannidis's characterization of the global response in a reply that was published on STAT the next day after Ioannidis's.[57]
In March 2020, Ioannidis tried to organize a meeting at the White House where he and colleagues would caution President Donald Trump against "shutting down the country for [a] very long time and jeopardizing so many lives in doing this," according to a proposal he submitted. The meeting did not come to pass, but on March 28, after Trump said he wanted the country reopened by Easter, Ioannidis wrote to his colleagues, "I think our ideas have inflitrated [sic] the White House regardless".[5]
Ioannidis widely promoted a study of which he had been co-author, "COVID-19 Antibody Seroprevalence in Santa Clara County, California", released as a preprint on April 17, 2020. It asserted that Santa Clara County's number of infections was between 50 and 85 times higher than the official count, putting the virus's fatality rate as low as 0.1% to 0.2%.[n 1][59][56] Ioannidis concluded from the study that the coronavirus is "not the apocalyptic problem we thought".[60] The message found favor with right-wing media outlets, but the paper drew criticism from a number of epidemiologists who said its testing was inaccurate and its methods were sloppy.[61][62][63] Writing for Wired, David H. Freedman said that the Santa Clara study compromised Ioannidis's previously excellent reputation and meant that future generations of scientists may remember him as "the fringe scientist who pumped up a bad study that supported a crazy right-wing conspiracy theory in the middle of a massive health crisis."[6] Ioannidis has also promoted the idea that there were financial incentives to put COVID-19 on death certificates and as such, they were unreliable during the pandemic, as well as the idea that doctors killed COVID-19 patients through premature intubations. Both of these beliefs contradict the available evidence.[64]
It was later reported that the study received $5,000 in funding from JetBlue's founder, which led to criticism over a potential conflict of interest.[65][66] In a guest opinion article in Scientific American, former colleagues of Ioannidis wrote that a legal firm had determined he had no financial conflict.[67] A review by the Stanford School of Medicine faulted the study for shortcomings including a public perception of a conflict of interest, but found "no evidence that any of the study funders influenced the design, execution, or reporting of the study".[55]
Amid controversy over his COVID-19 work and his frequent televised interviews, Ioannidis was harassed in memes and emails, including one falsely claiming his mother died of COVID-19. Some scientists and commentators voiced concerns over the backlash and the highly politicized scientific dispute in general.[55][68]
In March 2021 Ioannidis estimated the global infection fatality rate from COVID-19 at 0.15%, in an article in the European Journal of Clinical Investigation (EJCI).[69] In an article on Sciencebasedmedicine.org, David Gorski said that the EJCI article included ad hominem criticisms against a co-author of a higher estimate who had criticized his work on Twitter.[56]
Reception
In 2010, David H. Freedman in The Atlantic stated in a special edition about "Brave Thinkers" that Ioannidis "may be one of the most influential scientists alive."[70][71]
In 2011, Sharon Begley's article "Why Almost Everything You Hear About Medicine Is Wrong" in Newsweek said Ioannidis was "cementing his role as one of medicine's top mythbusters".[72]
In 2013, Richard Smith's article "Time for science to be about truth rather than careers" likened listening to Ioannidis to "listening to a great opera or watching a gripping football match: you feel inspired, uplifted, and privileged."[73]
In 2014, The Economist featured Ioannidis and Steven Goodman in an article on the Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford,[74] and George Johnson of the New York Times wrote an article on the importance of reproducible research, profiling Ioannidis's two 2005 papers as playing a critical role in raising concern about the issue in the scientific community, as later expressed by the journal Nature.[75]
In 2015, Ioannidis was profiled in The BMJ and described as "the scourge of sloppy science".[76]
In 2019, a STAT article on the healthcare replication crisis mentioned that Ioannidis had found only a minority of widely-cited health research studies carried out over the last decade could be replicated, with at least 1 in 6 actually being contradicted by later studies.[77]
In 2021, David Gorski's article "What the heck happened to John Ioannidis?" described statements by Ioannidis about COVID-19 as inflammatory and politically charged, and said Ioannidis had made egregious ad hominem attacks.[56]
In 2022, Ioannidis was featured in two articles on The Daily Telegraph describing how signatories of the Great Barrington Declaration were shunned by those in favor of the John Snow Memorandum as a fringe minority, the latter using their large numbers of followers on Twitter and other social media and op-eds to shape a scientific "groupthink" against the former, who supported that harsh and extended Covid-19 lockdowns were detrimental to the economy, education and mental health.[78][79]
Awards and honors
- Albert Stuyvenberg Medal, European Society for Clinical Investigation (2021)[80]
- Elected corresponding member, Accademia delle Scienze (Bologna) (2021)[81]
- Haldane lecture, Wolfson College, Oxford University (2021)[82]
- Honorary PhD, Medical School, University of Edinburgh (2021)[83]
- J Arliss Pollock Award and Memorial Lecture, American Society of Neuroradiology (2021)[84]
- Morris/Paffenbarger Exercise is Medicine® Keynote Lecture, American College of Sports Medicine (2021)[85]
- Roy and Diana Vagelos inaugural lecture, World Hellenic Biomedical Association (2021)[86]
- C.R. Stephen lecture, Washington University in St. Louis (2019)[87]
- Gordon Award, National Institutes of Health (2019)[88]
- Honorary PhD, University of Tilburg (2019)[89]
- Honorary President, Medical and Surgical Society of Corfu (2019)[90]
- Einstein fellow, Berlin Institute of Health, Einstein Stiftung and Stiftung Charite (2019)[91]
- Elected member, National Academy of Medicine (2018-)[92]
- David and Rosemary Adamson Lecture on Excellence in Reproductive Medicine, ASRM (2018)[93]
- Epiphany Science Courage Award, Novim (inaugural award) (2018)[94]
- Gonatas memorial lectureship, University of Pennsylvania (2018)[95]
- Elected Councillor, Association of American Physicians (2017-2022)[96]
- Annual Distinguished Investigator, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (2017)[97]
- Chanchlani Award for Global Health, McMaster University (2017)[98]
- David-Sackett-Preis, Deutsche Netzwerk Evidenzbasierte Medizin (2017)[99]
- Honorary PhD, University of Athens (2017)[100]
- Snively visiting professorship, UC Davis (2017)[101]
- Anatomy Lesson lecturer, University of Amsterdam (2016)[102]
- Harris lectureship in science and civilization, Caltech (2016)[103]
- Levine lectureship, Yale University (2016)[104]
- Lifetime Achievement Award, Hellenic Society for Pharmacological Science (2016)[105]
- Snyder Lectureship, University of Utah (2016)[106]
- Elected member, European Academy of Sciences and Arts (2015-)[107]
- Elected member, American Epidemiological Society (2015-)
- Honorary PhD, Erasmus University Rotterdam (2015)[108]
- Litchfield Lectureship, Oxford University (2015)[109]
- Medal for Distinguished Service, Teachers College, Columbia University (2015)[110]
- Honorary member, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (2014)
- Honorary professor, University of Ioannina (2014)[111]
- Elected member, European Academy of Cancer Sciences (2010-)[112]
- President, Society for Research Synthesis Methodology (2009-2010)[113]
- Elected member, Association of American Physicians (2009-)[112]
- European Award for Excellence in Clinical Science, European Society for Clinical Investigation (2007)[114]
- Executive board member and center director, Human Genome Epidemiology Network (2004-)[115]
See also
Notes
References
- ^ wikt:el:Ιωάννης
- ^ wikt:el:Ιωαννίδης.
- ^ Browse the 'Best in Class' articles from PLOS – Top Views, Public Library of Science, archived from the original on 22 October 2020, retrieved 15 October 2020
- ^ Ioannidis, John P. A. (30 August 2005), "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False", PLOS Medicine, 2 (8): e124, doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020124, PMC 1182327, PMID 16060722,
3,128,135 View
- ^ a b c d Lee, Stephanie M. "An Elite Group of Scientists Tried to Warn Trump Against Lockdowns in March". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
- ^ a b David H. Freedman (1 May 2020). "A Prophet of Scientific Rigor—and a Covid Contrarian". Wired. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- ^ "In the coronavirus pandemic, we're making decisions without reliable data". STAT. 2020-03-17. Archived from the original on 2020-04-05. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
- ^ John Ioannidis Archived 2014-02-22 at the Wayback Machine, Harvard School of Public Health.
- ^ a b c Ioannidis, John P.A. "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). UoI. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2010.
- ^ Freedman, David H. (2010). Wrong: Why Experts Keep Failing Us. Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 978-0-316-02378-8.
Born in 1965 in the United States to parents who were both physicians, he was raised in Athens, where he showed unusual aptitude in mathematics and snagged Greece's top student math prize.
- ^ "John P.A. Ioannidis". Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine. Archived from the original on February 14, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2008.
- ^ Aguillo, Isidro F. (September 2020). "Highly Cited Researchers (h>100) according to their Google Scholar Citations public profiles". webometrics.info. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
- ^ a b c d "John P.A. Ioannidis". Stanford Profiles. Archived from the original on December 11, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
- ^ a b c "A fiasco in the making? As the coronavirus pandemic takes hold, we are making decisions without reliable data". Stat. March 17, 2020. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
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{{cite journal}}
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- ^ Ioannidis, John P. A.; Ntzani, Evangelia E.; Trikalinos, Thomas A.; Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G. (November 1, 2001). "Replication validity of genetic association studies". Nature Genetics. 29 (3): 306–309. doi:10.1038/ng749. ISSN 1061-4036. PMID 11600885. S2CID 6742347.
- ^ Ebrahim, Shanil; Sohani, Zahra N.; Montoya, Luis; Agarwal, Arnav; Thorlund, Kristian; Mills, Edward J.; Ioannidis, John P. A. (September 10, 2014). "REanalyses of randomized clinical trial data". JAMA. 312 (10): 1024–1032. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.9646. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 25203082.
- ^ Button, Katherine S.; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Mokrysz, Claire; Nosek, Brian A.; Flint, Jonathan; Robinson, Emma S. J.; Munafò, Marcus R. (May 1, 2013). "Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 14 (5): 365–376. doi:10.1038/nrn3475. ISSN 1471-003X. PMID 23571845.
- ^ Ioannidis, John P. A. (2018-09-11). "The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research". JAMA. 320 (10): 969–970. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11025. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 30422271. Archived from the original on 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
- ^ Begley, C. Glenn; Ioannidis, John P. A. (January 2, 2015). "Reproducibility in science: improving the standard for basic and preclinical research". Circulation Research. 116 (1): 116–126. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.303819. ISSN 1524-4571. PMID 25552691.
- ^ Ioannidis, John P. A. (October 21, 2014). "How to Make More Published Research True". PLOS Med. 11 (10): e1001747. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001747. PMC 4204808. PMID 25334033.
{{cite journal}}
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- ^ Chalmers, Iain; Bracken, Michael B.; Djulbegovic, Ben; Garattini, Silvio; Grant, Jonathan; Gülmezoglu, A. Metin; Howells, David W.; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Oliver, Sandy (2014-01-11). "How to increase value and reduce waste when research priorities are set". The Lancet. 383 (9912): 156–165. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62229-1. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 24411644.
- ^ Ioannidis, John P. A.; Greenland, Sander; Hlatky, Mark A.; Khoury, Muin J.; Macleod, Malcolm R.; Moher, David; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Tibshirani, Robert (2014-01-11). "Increasing value and reducing waste in research design, conduct, and analysis". The Lancet. 383 (9912): 166–175. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62227-8. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 24411645.
- ^ Joan O’C. Hamilton (2012), "Something Doesn't Add Up", Stanford Magazine, archived from the original on 2020-05-11, retrieved 2020-05-16
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "The Herd Immunity Taboo". Tablet Magazine. 2020-05-20. Archived from the original on 2021-04-06. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
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- ^ Σπαγαδώρου, Νατάσσα Ν (2016-11-12). "Η Ελληνική Φαρμακευτική Εταιρεία βραβεύει τον ερευνητή των... ερευνών". Onmed.gr (in Greek). Retrieved 2022-02-03.
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External links
- Prevention Research Center Stanford School of Medicine
- Publications of John Ioannidis Stanford University Profile
- Increasing value and reducing waste in research design, conduct, and analysis The Lancet, Vol. 383, Issue 9912, pp. 166–75, 11 January 2014 John P A Ioannidis, Sander Greenland, Mark A Hlatky, Muin J Khoury, Malcolm R Macleod, David Moher, Kenneth F Schulzand Robert Tibshirani
- Szgene.org, meta-analytic database of schizophrenia gene studies of which Ioannidis helped create.
- "Talk Spezial" – Interview with John Ioannidis OT. In: ServusTV, June 29, 2021.