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The '''Georgian–Armenian War''' was a border war fought in 1918 between the [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]] and the [[Democratic Republic of Armenia]] over the control of territories in [[Lori Province|Lori]], [[Javakheti]], and [[Borchalo]] districts which, until 1917, had been part of the [[Russian Empire]]. |
The '''Georgian–Armenian War''' was a border war fought in 1918 between the [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]] and the [[Democratic Republic of Armenia]] over the control of territories in [[Lori Province|Lori]], [[Javakheti]], and [[Borchalo]] districts which, until 1917, had been part of the [[Erivan Governorate|Erivan]] and [[Tiflis Governorate]]s of [[Russian Empire]]. |
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At the end of [[World War I]], some of these territories were occupied by the [[Ottoman Empire]]. When they abandoned the region, the majority Armenian population claimed control. The dispute degenerated into armed clashes on 7 December 1918. The hostilities continued with varying success of Georgia until 31 December when a [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]]-brokered ceasefire was signed, leaving the disputed part of [[Borchalo]] district under joint Georgian and Armenian administration until the establishment of Soviet rule in Armenia in 1920. |
At the end of [[World War I]], some of these territories were occupied by the [[Ottoman Empire]]. When they abandoned the region, the majority Armenian population claimed control. The dispute degenerated into armed clashes on 7 December 1918. The hostilities continued with varying success of Georgia until 31 December when a [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]]-brokered ceasefire was signed, leaving the disputed part of [[Borchalo]] district under joint Georgian and Armenian administration until the establishment of Soviet rule in Armenia in 1920. |
Revision as of 21:00, 23 June 2012
Georgian–Armenian War | |||||||
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Part of the aftermath of World War I | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Democratic Republic of Armenia | Democratic Republic of Georgia | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Drastamat Kanayan |
Giorgi Mazniashvili Giorgi Kvinitadze Valiko Jugheli |
The Georgian–Armenian War was a border war fought in 1918 between the Democratic Republic of Georgia and the Democratic Republic of Armenia over the control of territories in Lori, Javakheti, and Borchalo districts which, until 1917, had been part of the Erivan and Tiflis Governorates of Russian Empire.
At the end of World War I, some of these territories were occupied by the Ottoman Empire. When they abandoned the region, the majority Armenian population claimed control. The dispute degenerated into armed clashes on 7 December 1918. The hostilities continued with varying success of Georgia until 31 December when a British-brokered ceasefire was signed, leaving the disputed part of Borchalo district under joint Georgian and Armenian administration until the establishment of Soviet rule in Armenia in 1920.
Background
During the final stages of World War I, the Armenians and Georgians had been defending against the advance of the Ottoman Empire. In June 1918, in order to forestall an Ottoman advance on Tiflis, Georgian troops entered the Lori Province, which was Georgian territory occupied by Ottomans and was 75% Armenian population. The Georgians offered a quadripartite conference including Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus in order to resolve the issue, which the Armenians rejected. Within days, hostilities commenced between the two republics.[1]
Hostilities
On 5 December 1918, Armenia sent troops to occupy Borchalo and Akhalkalaki districts. The first military clashes occurred on 9 December. Three days later, the Armenians scored a victory in the village of Sanahin in the Lori district, took over the village and its surroundings after surprise attacks, to build up effective defensive positions. The main advancing forces were halted and the Georgian Army mounted a counteroffensive, winning a battle at Shulaveri on 29 December.[2] After this decisive success, the Georgian Military Staff decided to advance against Yerevan as a punitive campaign but the hostilities ended at the village of Sadakhlo on the night of 31 December, when the parties agreed to a British-brokered ceasefire.[3]
Aftermath
Both parties signed a peace agreement in January 1919 brokered by the British. Armenian and Georgian troops left the territory and both sides agreed to begin talks on designating a neutral zone. The neutral zone later was divided between the Armenian SSR and Georgian SSR.
See also
References
- ^ Armenian the Survival of a Nation, Christopher Walker pg 267-268
- ^ INDEPENDENT GEORGIA (1918-1921), David Marshall Lang
- ^ ARMENIA/KARABAKH: 1918 - 1920, Andrew Anderson