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[[Djibouti]] is a [[multiethnic]] country. As of 2018, it has a population of around 884,017 inhabitants{{UN_Population|ref}}. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015.<ref name="WPP 2010"/> |
[[Djibouti]] is a [[multiethnic]] country. As of 2018, it has a population of around 884,017 inhabitants{{UN_Population|ref}}. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015.<ref name="WPP 2010"/> |
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The two largest ethnic groups are the [[Somalis|Somali]] (60%) and the [[Afar people|Afar]] (35%). The [[Somali clan]] component is mainly composed of the [[Issa (clan)|Issa]] [[Dir (clan)|Dir]], followed by a |
The two largest ethnic groups are the [[Somalis|Somali]] (60%) and the [[Afar people|Afar]] (35%). The [[Somali clan]] component is mainly composed of the [[Issa (clan)|Issa]] [[Dir (clan)|Dir]], followed by a large population of [[Isaaq]], who almost exclusively belong to the [[Sacad Muuse]] subclan of the [[Habr Awal]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|title=Refworld {{!}} Somalia: Information on the Issa and the Issaq|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ab2f60.html|access-date=2021-10-10|website=Refworld|language=en}}</ref>, and a small population of [[Gadabuursi]] [[Dir (clan)|Dir]]. The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of [[Yemenis|Yemeni Arabs]], [[People of Ethiopia|Ethiopians]] and [[Europeans]] ([[French people|French]] and [[Italians]]). Approximately 76% of local residents are [[Urban area|urban]] dwellers; the remainder are [[Pastoralism|pastoralists]].<ref name="CIADJ">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/djibouti/|title=Africa :: Djibouti|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref> 40,000 people from [[Yemen]] live in Djibouti, counting for 4.2% of its total population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/domestic-abuse-adds-yemeni-refugee-women-woes-djibouti-180730115837586.html|title = Domestic abuse adds to Yemeni refugee women's woes in Djibouti}}</ref> 4,000 soldiers from the [[United States]] live in [[Djibouti]], they represent 0.4% of its total population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/us-signs-long-term-lease-military-base-djibouti|title=US Signs Long-Term Lease for Military Base in Djibouti | Voice of America - English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tracer des frontières à Djibouti|url=http://djibouti.frontafrique.org/?doc31}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE|first=INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM|date=1967|title=French Somaliland|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP84-00825R000100050001-0.pdf|journal=Intelligence Memorandum}}</ref> |
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==Languages== |
==Languages== |
Revision as of 20:48, 10 October 2021
Demographics of Djibouti | |
---|---|
Population | 994,017 (2019) |
Growth rate | 2.23% (2014) |
Birth rate | 25.27 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) |
Death rate | 8.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) |
Life expectancy | 62.4 years (2014) |
• male | 59.93 years |
• female | 64.94 years |
Fertility rate | 2.79 children born/woman (2010) |
Infant mortality rate | 53.31 deaths/1,000 infants (2012 est.)[1] |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 35% (male 132,592/female 132,114) |
15–64 years | 61.7% (male 206,323/female 260,772) |
65 and over | 3.3% (male 11,349/female 13,924) |
Sex ratio | |
At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 0.8 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.81 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Djiboutian |
Major ethnic | Somali 65% (mostly in Djibouti City and Ali-Sabieh, the only Somali cities in the country) Afar 35% [and 60% of Djibouti is Afar territory) |
Language | |
Spoken | Somali (official), Afar (official), French(official), Arabic (non-official), |
This article is about the demographics of Djibouti, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Ethnic groups
Djibouti is a multiethnic country. As of 2018, it has a population of around 884,017 inhabitants[2][3]. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015.[4]
The two largest ethnic groups are the Somali (60%) and the Afar (35%). The Somali clan component is mainly composed of the Issa Dir, followed by a large population of Isaaq, who almost exclusively belong to the Sacad Muuse subclan of the Habr Awal[5], and a small population of Gadabuursi Dir. The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of Yemeni Arabs, Ethiopians and Europeans (French and Italians). Approximately 76% of local residents are urban dwellers; the remainder are pastoralists.[6] 40,000 people from Yemen live in Djibouti, counting for 4.2% of its total population.[7] 4,000 soldiers from the United States live in Djibouti, they represent 0.4% of its total population.[8][9][10]
Languages
Djibouti is a multilingual nation.[6] The majority of local residents speak Somali (350,000 speakers in Djibouti city and Ali Sabieh) and Afar (300,000 speakers) as a first language. These idioms are the mother tongues of the Somali and Afar ethnic groups, respectively. Both languages belong to the larger Afroasiatic family. There are 2 official languages in Djibouti: Arabic and French.[11]
Arabic is of religious importance. In formal settings, it consists of Modern Standard Arabic. Colloquially, about 59,000 local residents speak the Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic dialect, also known as Djibouti Arabic. French serves as a statutory national language. It was inherited from the colonial period, and is the primary language of instruction. Around 17,000 Djiboutians speak it as a first language. Immigrant languages include Omani Arabic (38,900 speakers), Amharic (1,400 speakers), Greek (1,000 speakers) and Hindi (600 speakers).[11]
Population
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1960 | 83,636 | — |
1969 | 149,887 | +6.70% |
1977 | 277,750 | +8.02% |
1980 | 359,247 | +8.95% |
1994 | 652,793 | +4.36% |
2000 | 722,887 | +1.71% |
2012 | 859,652 | +1.45% |
Source: World Bank[12] |
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[2][3], the total population was 1,105,557 in 2021 compared to 62,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.8%, 60.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older.[4]
Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 62 000 | 46.8 | 51.2 | 2.0 |
1955 | 70 000 | 46.0 | 52.0 | 2.0 |
1960 | 85 000 | 45.4 | 52.5 | 2.0 |
1965 | 117 000 | 44.9 | 53.0 | 2.0 |
1970 | 162 000 | 45.8 | 52.2 | 2.1 |
1975 | 224 000 | 45.9 | 52.0 | 2.1 |
1980 | 340 000 | 45.3 | 52.5 | 2.2 |
1985 | 403 000 | 44.6 | 53.1 | 2.3 |
1990 | 562 000 | 44.2 | 53.4 | 2.4 |
1995 | 627 000 | 43.4 | 54.1 | 2.5 |
2000 | 732 000 | 41.3 | 55.9 | 2.7 |
2005 | 808 000 | 38.5 | 58.5 | 3.0 |
2010 | 889 000 | 35.8 | 60.9 | 3.3 |
Projections
The following are UN medium variant projections; numbers are in thousands:[4]
- 2015 975
- 2020 1,065
- 2025 1,166
- 2030 1,262
- 2035 1,356
- 2040 1,447
- 2045 1,535
- 2050 1,619
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events in Djibouti is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[4]
Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR* | CDR* | NC* | TFR* | IMR* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950-1955 | 3 000 | 2 000 | 1 000 | 50.0 | 28.3 | 21.7 | 7.80 | 222 |
1955-1960 | 4 000 | 2 000 | 2 000 | 50.7 | 25.7 | 25.0 | 7.80 | 203 |
1960-1965 | 5 000 | 2 000 | 3 000 | 51.2 | 23.8 | 27.4 | 7.80 | 185 |
1965-1970 | 7 000 | 3 000 | 4 000 | 50.3 | 21.6 | 28.6 | 7.60 | 169 |
1970-1975 | 9 000 | 4 000 | 5 000 | 47.8 | 19.4 | 28.4 | 7.20 | 154 |
1975-1980 | 13 000 | 5 000 | 8 000 | 45.2 | 17.4 | 27.8 | 6.80 | 141 |
1980-1985 | 16 000 | 6 000 | 11 000 | 44.0 | 15.5 | 28.6 | 6.60 | 125 |
1985-1990 | 21 000 | 7 000 | 14 000 | 43.1 | 14.5 | 28.6 | 6.40 | 117 |
1990-1995 | 24 000 | 8 000 | 16 000 | 40.1 | 13.4 | 26.7 | 5.85 | 109 |
1995-2000 | 23 000 | 8 000 | 15 000 | 34.4 | 12.2 | 22.2 | 5.11 | 100 |
2000-2005 | 24 000 | 9 000 | 15 000 | 31.2 | 11.3 | 19.9 | 4.52 | 91 |
2005-2010 | 25 000 | 9 000 | 16 000 | 29.4 | 10.5 | 18.9 | 3.95 | 82 |
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman) |
Life expectancy
Period | Life expectancy in Years[13] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 41.04 |
1955–1960 | 42.95 |
1960–1965 | 45.18 |
1965–1970 | 47.35 |
1970–1975 | 50.90 |
1975–1980 | 52.55 |
1980–1985 | 54.67 |
1985–1990 | 56.12 |
1990–1995 | 57.02 |
1995–2000 | 57.02 |
2000–2005 | 57.29 |
2005–2010 | 59.05 |
2010–2015 | 61.62 |
Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[14]
- One birth every 24 minutes
- One death every 65 minutes
- One net migrant every 720 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 37 minutes
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[15]
Population
- 884,017 (July 2018 est.)
- 828,324 (July 2015 est.)
Age structure
- 0-14 years: 30.71% (male 136,191 /female 135,263)
- 15-24 years: 21.01% (male 87,520 /female 98,239)
- 25-54 years: 39.63% (male 145,427 /female 204,927)
- 55-64 years: 4.82% (male 18,967 /female 23,639)
- 65 years and over: 3.83% (male 15,136 /female 18,708) (2018 est.)
Median age
- total: 24.2 years. Country comparison to the world: 165th
- male: 22.4 years
- female: 25.7 years (2018 est.)
- Total: 22.8 years
- Male: 21.1 years
- Female: 24.1 years (2014 est.)
Birth rate
- 23.3 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 59th
Death rate
- 7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 109th
Net migration rate
- 5.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 19th
Population growth rate
- 2.13% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd
- 2.18% (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate
- 2.27 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 90th
Contraceptive prevalence rate
- 19% (2012)
Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 56.5 (2015 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 50.1 (2015 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 6.4 (2015 est.)
- potential support ratio: 15.6 (2015 est.)
Urbanization
- urban population: 77.8% of total population (2018)
- rate of urbanization: 1.67% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major cities - population
- DJIBOUTI (capital) 562,000 (2018)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
- 15-24 years: 0.89 male(s)/female
- 25-54 years: 0.71 male(s)/female
- 55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 64 years (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 191st
- male: 61.4 years (2018 est.)
- female: 66.6 years (2018 est.)
- Total population: 62.4 years
- Male: 59.93 years
- Female: 64.94 years (2014 est.)
HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: 1.2% (2012 est.)
- people living with HIV/AIDS: 7,700 (2012 est.)
- deaths: 690 (2012 est.)
Major infectious diseases
- degree of risk: high
- food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
- vectorborne disease: dengue fever
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)
Nationality
- Djiboutien or Djiboutian
Ethnic groups
Afar 35%, Somali 60% and Arab 2%[6]
Religions
The religious adherents of Djibouti are:[6]
- Muslim 94%
- Christian 6%
Languages
The languages of Djibouti are:[6]
Literacy
- definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 67.9%
- male: 60%
- female: 58.4% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 6 years (2011)
- male: 7 years (2011)
- female: 6 years (2011)
References
- ^ "CIA – The World Factbook: Infant Mortality Rate". Archived from the original on November 19, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
- ^ a b "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ a b "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ a b c d Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision
- ^ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Somalia: Information on the Issa and the Issaq". Refworld. Retrieved 2021-10-10.
- ^ a b c d e "Africa :: Djibouti". CIA The World Factbook.
- ^ "Domestic abuse adds to Yemeni refugee women's woes in Djibouti".
- ^ "US Signs Long-Term Lease for Military Base in Djibouti | Voice of America - English".
- ^ "Tracer des frontières à Djibouti".
- ^ DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE, INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM (1967). "French Somaliland" (PDF). Intelligence Memorandum.
- ^ a b "Djibouti - Languages". Ethnologue. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ^ "World Bank". Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
- ^ "Djibouti Population 2019", World Population Review
- ^ "The World FactBook - Djibouti", The World Factbook, July 12, 2018 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.