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{{Infobox person |
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| name = Adrienne Herndon |
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| image = File:HerndonHome.jpg |
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| alt = |
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| caption = [[Herndon Home]], designed by Adrienne, in Atlanta, Georgia |
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| birth_name = Adrienne Elizabeth McNeil |
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| birth_date = 1869\07\22<!-- {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. --> |
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| birth_place = Savannah, Georgia |
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| death_date = 1910<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> |
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| death_place = Atlanta, Georgia |
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| nationality = |
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| other_names = Anne Du Bignon |
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| occupation = |
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| years_active = |
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| known_for = |
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| notable_works = |
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}} |
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__NOTOC__ |
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'''Adrienne Elizabeth Mcneil Herndon''' was an actor, professor, and activist in [[Atlanta, Georgia]]. While admittedly an [[African American]] to friends and colleagues, she performed with the stage name Anne Du Bignon and claimed French-Creole. She was one of the first African American faculty at the [[University of Atlanta]], where she met [[W. E. B. Du Bois]] and subsequently worked with him. Herndon and [[Alonzo Herndon]] were an influential couple.<ref name="Merritt" /> |
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==Biography== |
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Herndon was born on July 22, 1869 in Savanah, Georgia. <ref>http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/herndon/HerndonFamily.html</ref> She is described by historian Rebecca Burns as "short and lithe with a lively manner and sophisticated bearing" "[w]ith her creamy skin, wavy brown hair, and dark eyes, Adrienne moved easily [...] and kept her racial background a secret".<ref name="Burns"/> While boarding with George White, she often met her future husband on the porch.<ref name="Burns"/> She was about five feet tall.<ref name="Merritt" /> |
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Herndon was an 1890 graduate of [[Atlanta University]]'s Normal Department, and attended the Boston School of Dramatic Arts (1902-3)<ref name="Merritt" /> and New York City's School of Dramatic Arts. <ref>{{cite book|last1=Peterson|first1=Bernard L.|title=The African American theatre directory : 1816-1960 : a comprehensive guide to early black theatre organizations, companies, theatres, and performing groups|date=1997|publisher=Greenwood|location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.]|isbn=0313295379|page=21|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> For her final project she performed Anthony and Cleopatra under the stage name Anne Du Bignon, claiming she was French-Creole.<ref name="Burns"/> <ref>{{cite book|last1=Merritt|first1=Carole|title=The Herndons : an Atlanta family|date=2002|publisher=University of Georgia Press|location=Athens, Ga. [u.a.]|isbn=0820323098}}</ref> |
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At Atlanta University Herndon became "the first director of dramatics and teacher of elocution" from 1895, until her death in 1910.<ref name="Peterson" /> She was one of the the first two African American faculty at Atlanta University (the other was George Towns), two years prior to Du Bois.<ref name="Burns"/> There she organised fundraising and an annual Shakespeare play for the senior class .<ref name="Peterson" /><ref name="Kahn">{{cite book|last1=Kahn|first1=edited by Coppelia|last2=Nathans,|first2=Heather S.|last3=Godfrey|first3=Mimi|title=Shakespearean educations : power, citizenship, and performance|date=2011|publisher=University of Delaware Press|location=Newark|isbn=1611490286|page=222-223}}</ref> |
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In January 1904, Herndon made her debut with a solo-performed at Steinert Hall in Boston again using the name Anne Du Bignon.<ref name="Merritt" /> She also sang at recitals.<ref name="Merritt" /> |
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Herndon supported [[black suffrage]]. Du Bois and Adrienne Herndon were colleagues at Atlanta university.<ref name="Burns">{{cite book|last1=Burns|first1=Rebecca|title=Rage in the Gate City : the story of the 1906 Atlanta race riot|date=2009|publisher=University of Georgia Press|location=Athens, Ga.|isbn=0820333077|edition=Rev. ed.}}</ref> In October 1904, Alonzo signed the Ontario Conference lead by Du Bois.<ref name="Knight"/> Adrienne Herndon, in 1905, hosted the "Niagara Movement" organized by Du Bois.<ref name="Burns"/> She participated in Du Bois's Wheat Street Baptist Church demonstration on November 30, 1905 for the "southern movement" by joining him on the platform.<ref name="Knight"/> During the [[Atlanta Riots]] two of Alonzo's employees were attacked and killed.<ref name="Knight">{{cite journal|last1=Jr.|first1=Dominic J. Capeci|last2=Knight|first2=Jack C.|title=Reckoning with Violence: W. E. B. Du Bois and the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot|journal=The Journal of Southern History|date=November 1996|volume=62|issue=4|pages=727|doi=10.2307/2211139}}</ref> The Tuesday morning after the rioting, Herdon (source does not specify which) along with Reverend Henry H. Proctor met with the city mayor and chief of police to discuss safety for victims and justice for the rioters.<ref name="Knight"/> |
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Adrienne McNeil married Alonzo Herndon<ref name="Peterson">{{cite book|last1=Peterson|first1=Bernard L.|title=The African American theatre directory : 1816-1960 : a comprehensive guide to early black theatre organizations, companies, theatres, and performing groups|date=1997|publisher=Greenwood|location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.]|isbn=0313295379|page=21|edition=1. publ.}}</ref> in 1894.<ref name="Burns"/> Before she agreed to marry him, he had to promise to support her theater career.<ref name="Merritt">{{cite book|last1=Merritt|first1=Carole|title=The Herndons : an Atlanta family|date=2002|publisher=University of Georgia Press|location=Athens, Ga. [u.a.]|isbn=0820323098}}</ref> In 1897 Adrienne and Alonzo Herndon had a son, Norris Bumstead Herndon.<ref name=Blackpast/> |
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The Herndon Home, she designed without plans but worked closely with a team of Black craftsmen.<ref name="winn">{{cite journal|last1=Winn|first1=Alisha|title=Black Entrepreneurship: Contradictions, Class, and Capitalism|journal=Journal of business anthropology|date=Sprin 2014|volume=3|issue=1|page=79-108}}</ref> Unfortunately Adrienne died of [[Addison's Disease]] just when the home that she had designed to be their "first real home" was nearing completion, in 1910.<ref group=note>According to the Nielson source, she died four weeks after the family moved into the home. According to the National Historic Landmark nomination, she died a week before the home was completed. Is it possible that they moved in before it was completed?</ref><ref name=nrhpinv2/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kolin|first1=edited by Philip|title=Contemporary African American women playwrights : a casebook|date=2007|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=0415978262}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Norris Herndon, a 1919 graduate of Atlanta University, developed his father's insurance company from $1 million to $54 million in assets.<ref name=Blackpast>{{cite web|last1=Nielsen|first1=Euell|title=Herndon, Norris Bumstead (1897–1977) {{!}} The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed|url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/norris-bumstead-herndon-1897-1977|website=www.blackpast.org|accessdate=20 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Chenault|first1=Wesley|last2=Center|first2=Stacy Braukman, Atlanta History|title=Gay and lesbian Atlanta|date=2008|publisher=Arcadia Pub.|location=Charleston, SC|isbn=0738553778|page=20-21}}</ref> In 1947 Norris Herndon established the [[Herndon Foundation]] which maintains the Herdon Home.<ref name="Blackpast" /> he transformed the house into a museum in 1973.<ref name="Winn"/> It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 2000.<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{Cite document|title=National Historic Landmark Nomination: Herndon Home|url={{NHLS url|id=00000261}} |format=pdf|date=November 1999 |author1=Frank J. J. Miele |author2=John Sprinkle |author3=Patti Henry |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{PDFlink|{{NHLS url|id=00000261|title=''Accompanying 6 photos, of Herndon and family and of exterior and interior of mansion, from c.1910, c. 1915, 1998''|photos=y}}|32 KB}}</ref> |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist|group=note}} |
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==Sources== |
==Sources== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{cite web|url=http://southernspaces.org/2004/african-americans-atlanta-adrienne-herndon-uncommon-woman|title=African Americans in Atlanta: Adrienne Herndon, an Uncommon Woman|author =Carole Merritt}} |
* {{cite web|url=http://southernspaces.org/2004/african-americans-atlanta-adrienne-herndon-uncommon-woman|title=African Americans in Atlanta: Adrienne Herndon, an Uncommon Woman|author =Carole Merritt}} |
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*Clarence Albert Bacote, ''The story of Atlanta University: a century of service, 1865-1965'', Atlanta University, 1969. |
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*{{cite web|url=http://www.herndonhome.org/adrienne-mcneil-herndon/|title=Adrienne McNeil Herndon}} |
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*{{cite web|url=http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/adrienne-herndon-actress-and-designer|title=Adriene Hendon Actress and Designer}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Herndon, Adrienne Mcneil}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Herndon, Adrienne Mcneil}} |
Revision as of 21:08, 20 October 2016
Adrienne Herndon | |
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Born | Adrienne Elizabeth McNeil 1869\07\22 Savannah, Georgia |
Died | 1910 Atlanta, Georgia |
Other names | Anne Du Bignon |
Adrienne Elizabeth Mcneil Herndon was an actor, professor, and activist in Atlanta, Georgia. While admittedly an African American to friends and colleagues, she performed with the stage name Anne Du Bignon and claimed French-Creole. She was one of the first African American faculty at the University of Atlanta, where she met W. E. B. Du Bois and subsequently worked with him. Herndon and Alonzo Herndon were an influential couple.[1]
Biography
Herndon was born on July 22, 1869 in Savanah, Georgia. [2] She is described by historian Rebecca Burns as "short and lithe with a lively manner and sophisticated bearing" "[w]ith her creamy skin, wavy brown hair, and dark eyes, Adrienne moved easily [...] and kept her racial background a secret".[3] While boarding with George White, she often met her future husband on the porch.[3] She was about five feet tall.[1]
Herndon was an 1890 graduate of Atlanta University's Normal Department, and attended the Boston School of Dramatic Arts (1902-3)[1] and New York City's School of Dramatic Arts. [4] For her final project she performed Anthony and Cleopatra under the stage name Anne Du Bignon, claiming she was French-Creole.[3] [5]
At Atlanta University Herndon became "the first director of dramatics and teacher of elocution" from 1895, until her death in 1910.[6] She was one of the the first two African American faculty at Atlanta University (the other was George Towns), two years prior to Du Bois.[3] There she organised fundraising and an annual Shakespeare play for the senior class .[6][7]
In January 1904, Herndon made her debut with a solo-performed at Steinert Hall in Boston again using the name Anne Du Bignon.[1] She also sang at recitals.[1]
Herndon supported black suffrage. Du Bois and Adrienne Herndon were colleagues at Atlanta university.[3] In October 1904, Alonzo signed the Ontario Conference lead by Du Bois.[8] Adrienne Herndon, in 1905, hosted the "Niagara Movement" organized by Du Bois.[3] She participated in Du Bois's Wheat Street Baptist Church demonstration on November 30, 1905 for the "southern movement" by joining him on the platform.[8] During the Atlanta Riots two of Alonzo's employees were attacked and killed.[8] The Tuesday morning after the rioting, Herdon (source does not specify which) along with Reverend Henry H. Proctor met with the city mayor and chief of police to discuss safety for victims and justice for the rioters.[8]
Adrienne McNeil married Alonzo Herndon[6] in 1894.[3] Before she agreed to marry him, he had to promise to support her theater career.[1] In 1897 Adrienne and Alonzo Herndon had a son, Norris Bumstead Herndon.[9]
The Herndon Home, she designed without plans but worked closely with a team of Black craftsmen.[10] Unfortunately Adrienne died of Addison's Disease just when the home that she had designed to be their "first real home" was nearing completion, in 1910.[note 1][11][12] Norris Herndon, a 1919 graduate of Atlanta University, developed his father's insurance company from $1 million to $54 million in assets.[9][13] In 1947 Norris Herndon established the Herndon Foundation which maintains the Herdon Home.[9] he transformed the house into a museum in 1973.[14] It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2000.[11]
Notes
- ^ According to the Nielson source, she died four weeks after the family moved into the home. According to the National Historic Landmark nomination, she died a week before the home was completed. Is it possible that they moved in before it was completed?
Sources
- ^ a b c d e f Merritt, Carole (2002). The Herndons : an Atlanta family. Athens, Ga. [u.a.]: University of Georgia Press. ISBN 0820323098.
- ^ http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/herndon/HerndonFamily.html
- ^ a b c d e f g Burns, Rebecca (2009). Rage in the Gate City : the story of the 1906 Atlanta race riot (Rev. ed. ed.). Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press. ISBN 0820333077.
{{cite book}}
:|edition=
has extra text (help) - ^ Peterson, Bernard L. (1997). The African American theatre directory : 1816-1960 : a comprehensive guide to early black theatre organizations, companies, theatres, and performing groups (1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood. p. 21. ISBN 0313295379.
- ^ Merritt, Carole (2002). The Herndons : an Atlanta family. Athens, Ga. [u.a.]: University of Georgia Press. ISBN 0820323098.
- ^ a b c Peterson, Bernard L. (1997). The African American theatre directory : 1816-1960 : a comprehensive guide to early black theatre organizations, companies, theatres, and performing groups (1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood. p. 21. ISBN 0313295379.
- ^ Kahn, edited by Coppelia; Nathans,, Heather S.; Godfrey, Mimi (2011). Shakespearean educations : power, citizenship, and performance. Newark: University of Delaware Press. p. 222-223. ISBN 1611490286.
{{cite book}}
:|first1=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ a b c d Jr., Dominic J. Capeci; Knight, Jack C. (November 1996). "Reckoning with Violence: W. E. B. Du Bois and the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot". The Journal of Southern History. 62 (4): 727. doi:10.2307/2211139.
- ^ a b c Nielsen, Euell. "Herndon, Norris Bumstead (1897–1977) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed". www.blackpast.org. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
- ^ Winn, Alisha (Sprin 2014). "Black Entrepreneurship: Contradictions, Class, and Capitalism". Journal of business anthropology. 3 (1): 79-108.
{{cite journal}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ a b Frank J. J. Miele; John Sprinkle; Patti Henry (November 1999). "National Historic Landmark Nomination: Herndon Home" (Document). National Park Service.
{{cite document}}
: Unknown parameter|format=
ignored (help); Unknown parameter|url=
ignored (help) and Template:PDFlink - ^ Kolin, edited by Philip (2007). Contemporary African American women playwrights : a casebook. London: Routledge. ISBN 0415978262.
{{cite book}}
:|first1=
has generic name (help) - ^ Chenault, Wesley; Center, Stacy Braukman, Atlanta History (2008). Gay and lesbian Atlanta. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub. p. 20-21. ISBN 0738553778.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Winn
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Further reading
- Carole Merritt. "African Americans in Atlanta: Adrienne Herndon, an Uncommon Woman".
- Clarence Albert Bacote, The story of Atlanta University: a century of service, 1865-1965, Atlanta University, 1969.
- "Adrienne McNeil Herndon".
- "Adriene Hendon Actress and Designer".