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[[File:Europe map 220BC.PNG|thumb|220 BC.]] |
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Year '''220 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Laevinus/Catulus and Scaevola/Philo''' (or, less frequently, '''year 534 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 220 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
Year '''220 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Laevinus/Catulus and Scaevola/Philo''' (or, less frequently, '''year 534 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 220 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. |
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== Events == |
== Events == |
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<onlyinclude> |
<onlyinclude> |
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=== By place === |
=== By place === |
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==== Greece ==== |
==== Greece ==== |
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* Together with fellow [[Illyria]]n, [[Scerdilaidas]], [[Demetrius of Pharos]] attacks Illyrian cities under [[Roman Republic|Roman]] protection and leads a [[Piracy|piratical]] [[Squadron (naval)|squadron]] into [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] waters. They unsuccessfully attack [[Pylos]], an [[Achaea]]n town on the [[Messenia]]n coast, in the [[Peloponnesus]] of Greece. |
* Together with fellow [[Illyria]]n, [[Scerdilaidas]], [[Demetrius of Pharos]] attacks Illyrian cities under [[Roman Republic|Roman]] protection and leads a [[Piracy|piratical]] [[Squadron (naval)|squadron]] into [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] waters. They unsuccessfully attack [[Pylos]], an [[Achaea]]n town on the [[Messenia]]n coast, in the [[Peloponnesus]] of Greece. |
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* Scerdilaidas and the Aetolians invade Achaea. With the help of [[Cynaethe|Cynaethan]] traitors, they attack, seize and burn Cynaetha, a town in the north of [[Arcadia]]. |
* Scerdilaidas and the Aetolians invade Achaea. With the help of [[Cynaethe|Cynaethan]] traitors, they attack, seize and burn Cynaetha, a town in the north of [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]]. |
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* Rome strikes again against the Illyrian pirates precipitating the [[Second Illyrian War]]. |
* Rome strikes again against the Illyrian pirates precipitating the [[Second Illyrian War]]. |
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* Demetrius seeks refuge with [[Philip V of Macedon]], who is very resentful of the Roman interference. Rome occupies Demetrius' chief fortresses, [[Hvar|Pharos]] and Dimillos. |
* Demetrius seeks refuge with [[Philip V of Macedon]], who is very resentful of the Roman interference. Rome occupies Demetrius' chief fortresses, [[Hvar|Pharos]] and Dimillos. |
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* [[Aratus of Sicyon]] counters [[Aetolia]]n aggression by obtaining the assistance of the Hellenic League now under the leadership of [[Philip V of Macedon]]. In the resulting [[Social War (220–217 BC)|Social War]], the Hellenic League of Greek states is assembled in [[Corinth]] at Philip V's instigation. He then leads the Hellenic League in battles against [[Aetolia]], [[Sparta]] and [[Elis]]. |
* [[Aratus of Sicyon]] counters [[Aetolia]]n aggression by obtaining the assistance of the Hellenic League now under the leadership of [[Philip V of Macedon]]. In the resulting [[Social War (220–217 BC)|Social War]], the Hellenic League of Greek states is assembled in [[Corinth]] at Philip V's instigation. He then leads the Hellenic League in battles against [[Aetolia]], [[Sparta]] and [[Ancient Elis|Elis]]. |
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* The [[Gortys|Gortynians]] occupy [[Matala, Crete|Matala]], on the island of [[Crete]]. |
* The [[Gortys|Gortynians]] occupy [[Matala, Crete|Matala]], on the island of [[Crete]]. |
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==== Seleucid Empire ==== |
==== Seleucid Empire ==== |
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* [[Antiochus III the Great]] defeats [[Molon]] at the [[Tigris River]], defeating and killing. Antiochus goes on to conquer [[Atropatene]].<ref name=antIII>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antiochus-III-the-Great | access-date=February 26, 2024 | title=Antiochus III the Great | first=Hans | last=Volkmann | date=February 13, 2024 | series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> |
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* With [[Molon]] occupying significant parts of the [[Seleucid]] kingdom and assuming the title of king, on the advice of his chief Minister, [[Hermeias]], [[Antiochus III the Great|Antiochus III]] abandons a campaign to conquer southern [[Syria]] from [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]]. Antiochus III instead marches against Molon, defeating and killing him and his brother [[Alexander (satrap)|Alexander]] on the far bank of the [[Tigris]]. Antiochus goes on conquer [[Atropatene]], the north-western part of [[Medes|Media]]. |
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* Meanwhile, the birth of a son to Antiochus III and [[Laodice III|Laodice]] (daughter of [[Mithridates II of Pontus|Mithridates II]], king of [[Pontus]]) leads Hermeias to consider getting rid of the king so that he can rule under the name of the infant son. Antiochus discovers the scheme and arranges the assassination of Hermeias. |
* Meanwhile, the birth of a son to Antiochus III and [[Laodice III|Laodice]] (daughter of [[Mithridates II of Pontus|Mithridates II]], king of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]]) leads Hermeias to consider getting rid of the king so that he can rule under the name of the infant son. Antiochus discovers the scheme and arranges the assassination of Hermeias. |
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==== Anatolia ==== |
==== Anatolia ==== |
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==== Egypt ==== |
==== Egypt ==== |
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* [[Arsinoe III of Egypt|Arsinoe III]] marries her brother, King [[Ptolemy IV Philopator|Ptolemy IV]] of Egypt. |
* [[Arsinoe III of Egypt|Arsinoe III]] marries her brother, King [[Ptolemy IV Philopator|Ptolemy IV]] of Egypt.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dodson|first=Aidan|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59265536|title=The complete royal families of Ancient Egypt|date=2004|publisher=Thames & Hudson|others=Dyan Hilton|isbn=0-500-05128-3|location=London|oclc=59265536}}</ref> |
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==== Roman Republic ==== |
==== Roman Republic ==== |
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* During his censorship, the Roman political leader, [[Gaius Flaminius]], builds the [[Circus Flaminius]] on the [[Campus Martius]] and constructs the [[Via Flaminia]] from Rome to [[Ariminum]] ([[Rimini]]). |
* During his censorship, the Roman political leader, [[Gaius Flaminius (consul 223 BC)|Gaius Flaminius]], builds the [[Circus Flaminius]]<ref>{{cite book | page=25 | first=John E. | last=Stambaugh | place=Baltimore | year=1988 | publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press | title=The Ancient Roman City | isbn=0-8018-3574-7}}</ref> on the [[Campus Martius]] and constructs the [[Via Flaminia]] from Rome to [[Ariminum]] ([[Rimini]]). |
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==== China ==== |
==== China ==== |
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* [[Qin Shi Huang]] begins a system of tree-lined roads to interconnect all parts of [[China]], and begins to join regional walls to form the beginnings of the [[Great Wall]] (Wan li chang cheng). |
* [[Qin Shi Huang]] begins a system of tree-lined roads to interconnect all parts of [[China]], and begins to join regional walls to form the beginnings of the [[Great Wall]] (Wan li chang cheng).<ref>{{Citation|last=Dumitru|first=Adrian George|title=Some thoughts about Seleucid Thrace in the 3rd century BC|date=2015-11-30|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43k44.46|work=The Danubian Lands between the Black, Aegean and Adriatic Seas|pages=293–298|publisher=Archaeopress Publishing Ltd|doi=10.2307/j.ctvr43k44.46 |isbn=978-1-78491-193-5|access-date=2021-05-27}}</ref> |
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* Around this time, Prime Minister [[Li Si]] publishes ''[[Cangjiepian]]'', a primer on the new [[Orthography|orthographic]] standard for all of China, the [[Small Seal Script]]. |
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=== By topic === |
=== By topic === |
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==== Art ==== |
==== Art ==== |
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* A bronze statue called ''Gallic Chieftain killing his wife and himself'' is made (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today preserved at [[Museo Nazionale Romano]] in [[Rome]]. |
* A bronze statue called ''Gallic Chieftain killing his wife and himself'' is made (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today preserved at [[Museo Nazionale Romano]] in [[Rome]]. |
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* A bronze statue called ''Dying Gallic trumpeter'' is made (possibly by [[ |
* A bronze statue called ''Dying Gallic trumpeter'' is made (possibly by [[Epigonus]]) ([[230 BC|230]]-220 BC). A marble Roman copy after the original statue is today preserved at [[Museo Capitolino]] in [[Rome]]. |
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</onlyinclude> |
</onlyinclude> |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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* [[Attalus II Philadelphus]], king of [[Pergamon]] (d. [[138 BC]])<ref>{{cite web | access-date=February 27, 2024 | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Attalus-II-Philadelphus | title=Attalus II Philadelphus | date=February 13, 2024 | series=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> |
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* |
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* [[Pacuvius]], Roman tragic [[Latin poetry|poet]] and writer (d. c. [[130 BC]]) |
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* [[Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (consul 177 BC)|Tiberius Gracchus the Elder]], father of the Roman political reformer Tiberius Gracchus (approximate date) (d. [[154 BC]]) |
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== Deaths == |
== Deaths == |
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* [[Molon]], general of the Seleucid king [[Antiochus III the Great|Antiochus III]] who has rebelled against his rule |
* [[Molon]], general of the Seleucid king [[Antiochus III the Great|Antiochus III]] who has rebelled against his rule |
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* [[Hermeias]], the [[favourite]] and chief minister of the Seleucid king [[Seleucus III Soter|Seleucus III]] and, for a short time, chief minister to Antiochus III |
* [[Hermeias]], the [[favourite]] and chief minister of the Seleucid king [[Seleucus III Soter|Seleucus III]] and, for a short time, chief minister to Antiochus III |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:220 Bc}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:220 Bc}} |
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[[Category:220 BC| ]] |
[[Category:220 BC| ]] |
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[[ast:220 edC]] |
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[[az:E.ə. 220]] |
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[[be:220 да н.э.]] |
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[[be-x-old:220 да н. э.]] |
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[[bs:220 p.n.e.]] |
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[[ca:220 aC]] |
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[[cs:220 př. n. l.]] |
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[[cy:220 CC]] |
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[[da:220 f.Kr.]] |
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[[de:220 v. Chr.]] |
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[[el:220 π.Χ.]] |
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[[es:220 a. C.]] |
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[[eo:-220]] |
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[[eu:K. a. 220]] |
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[[fa:۲۲۰ (پیش از میلاد)]] |
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[[fr:-220]] |
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[[gl:-220]] |
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[[ko:기원전 220년]] |
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[[hy:Մ.թ.ա. 220]] |
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[[hr:220. pr. Kr.]] |
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[[io:220 aK]] |
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[[id:220 SM]] |
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[[it:220 a.C.]] |
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[[ka:ძვ. წ. 220]] |
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[[kk:Б. з. д. 220 жыл]] |
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[[sw:220 KK]] |
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[[la:220 a.C.n.]] |
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[[lb:-220]] |
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[[lt:220 m. pr. m. e.]] |
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[[hu:I. e. 220]] |
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[[mk:220 п.н.е.]] |
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[[mr:इ.स.पू. २२०]] |
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[[ms:220 SM]] |
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[[nl:220 v.Chr.]] |
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[[ne:ई.पू. २२०]] |
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[[new:इ॰ पू॰ २२०]] |
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[[ja:紀元前220年]] |
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[[nap:220 AC]] |
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[[no:220 f.Kr.]] |
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[[oc:-220]] |
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[[uz:Mil. av. 220]] |
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[[nds:220 v. Chr.]] |
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[[pl:220 p.n.e.]] |
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[[pt:220 a.C.]] |
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[[ro:220 î.Hr.]] |
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[[qu:220 kñ]] |
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[[ru:220 год до н. э.]] |
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[[sq:220 p.e.s.]] |
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[[simple:220 BC]] |
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[[sk:220 pred Kr.]] |
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[[sl:220 pr. n. št.]] |
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[[sr:220. п. н. е.]] |
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[[sh:220. pne.]] |
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[[su:220 SM]] |
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[[fi:220 eaa.]] |
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[[sv:220 f.Kr.]] |
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[[tl:220 BC]] |
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[[th:พ.ศ. 324]] |
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[[tr:MÖ 220]] |
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[[uk:220 до н. е.]] |
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[[vec:220 a.C.]] |
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[[war:220 UC]] |
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[[yo:220 SK]] |
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[[zh:前220年]] |
Latest revision as of 21:50, 27 February 2024
Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
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Centuries: | |
Decades: | |
Years: |
220 BC by topic |
Politics |
---|
Categories |
Gregorian calendar | 220 BC CCXX BC |
Ab urbe condita | 534 |
Ancient Egypt era | XXXIII dynasty, 104 |
- Pharaoh | Ptolemy IV Philopator, 2 |
Ancient Greek era | 140th Olympiad (victor)¹ |
Assyrian calendar | 4531 |
Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
Bengali calendar | −812 |
Berber calendar | 731 |
Buddhist calendar | 325 |
Burmese calendar | −857 |
Byzantine calendar | 5289–5290 |
Chinese calendar | 庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 2478 or 2271 — to — 辛巳年 (Metal Snake) 2479 or 2272 |
Coptic calendar | −503 – −502 |
Discordian calendar | 947 |
Ethiopian calendar | −227 – −226 |
Hebrew calendar | 3541–3542 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | −163 – −162 |
- Shaka Samvat | N/A |
- Kali Yuga | 2881–2882 |
Holocene calendar | 9781 |
Iranian calendar | 841 BP – 840 BP |
Islamic calendar | 867 BH – 866 BH |
Javanese calendar | N/A |
Julian calendar | N/A |
Korean calendar | 2114 |
Minguo calendar | 2131 before ROC 民前2131年 |
Nanakshahi calendar | −1687 |
Seleucid era | 92/93 AG |
Thai solar calendar | 323–324 |
Tibetan calendar | 阳金龙年 (male Iron-Dragon) −93 or −474 or −1246 — to — 阴金蛇年 (female Iron-Snake) −92 or −473 or −1245 |
Year 220 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Laevinus/Catulus and Scaevola/Philo (or, less frequently, year 534 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 220 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Greece
- Together with fellow Illyrian, Scerdilaidas, Demetrius of Pharos attacks Illyrian cities under Roman protection and leads a piratical squadron into Greek waters. They unsuccessfully attack Pylos, an Achaean town on the Messenian coast, in the Peloponnesus of Greece.
- Scerdilaidas and the Aetolians invade Achaea. With the help of Cynaethan traitors, they attack, seize and burn Cynaetha, a town in the north of Arcadia.
- Rome strikes again against the Illyrian pirates precipitating the Second Illyrian War.
- Demetrius seeks refuge with Philip V of Macedon, who is very resentful of the Roman interference. Rome occupies Demetrius' chief fortresses, Pharos and Dimillos.
- Aratus of Sicyon counters Aetolian aggression by obtaining the assistance of the Hellenic League now under the leadership of Philip V of Macedon. In the resulting Social War, the Hellenic League of Greek states is assembled in Corinth at Philip V's instigation. He then leads the Hellenic League in battles against Aetolia, Sparta and Elis.
- The Gortynians occupy Matala, on the island of Crete.
Seleucid Empire
- Antiochus III the Great defeats Molon at the Tigris River, defeating and killing. Antiochus goes on to conquer Atropatene.[1]
- Meanwhile, the birth of a son to Antiochus III and Laodice (daughter of Mithridates II, king of Pontus) leads Hermeias to consider getting rid of the king so that he can rule under the name of the infant son. Antiochus discovers the scheme and arranges the assassination of Hermeias.
Anatolia
- Antiochus III's commander in Anatolia, Achaeus, having recovered all the districts which Attalus of Pergamum has gained, is accused by Hermeias, the chief minister of Antiochus, of intending to revolt. In self-defence, Achaeus assumes the title of king and rules over the Anatolian parts of the Seleucid kingdom.
Egypt
- Arsinoe III marries her brother, King Ptolemy IV of Egypt.[2]
Roman Republic
- During his censorship, the Roman political leader, Gaius Flaminius, builds the Circus Flaminius[3] on the Campus Martius and constructs the Via Flaminia from Rome to Ariminum (Rimini).
China
- Qin Shi Huang begins a system of tree-lined roads to interconnect all parts of China, and begins to join regional walls to form the beginnings of the Great Wall (Wan li chang cheng).[4]
- Around this time, Prime Minister Li Si publishes Cangjiepian, a primer on the new orthographic standard for all of China, the Small Seal Script.
By topic
Art
- A bronze statue called Gallic Chieftain killing his wife and himself is made (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today preserved at Museo Nazionale Romano in Rome.
- A bronze statue called Dying Gallic trumpeter is made (possibly by Epigonus) (230-220 BC). A marble Roman copy after the original statue is today preserved at Museo Capitolino in Rome.
Births
- Attalus II Philadelphus, king of Pergamon (d. 138 BC)[5]
- Pacuvius, Roman tragic poet and writer (d. c. 130 BC)
- Tiberius Gracchus the Elder, father of the Roman political reformer Tiberius Gracchus (approximate date) (d. 154 BC)
Deaths
- Conon of Samos, Greek mathematician and astronomer whose work on conic sections (curves of the intersections of a right circular cone with a plane) serves as the basis for the fourth book of the Conics of Apollonius of Perga (b. c. 280 BC)
- Molon, general of the Seleucid king Antiochus III who has rebelled against his rule
- Hermeias, the favourite and chief minister of the Seleucid king Seleucus III and, for a short time, chief minister to Antiochus III
References
- ^ Volkmann, Hans (February 13, 2024). "Antiochus III the Great". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
- ^ Dodson, Aidan (2004). The complete royal families of Ancient Egypt. Dyan Hilton. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3. OCLC 59265536.
- ^ Stambaugh, John E. (1988). The Ancient Roman City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-8018-3574-7.
- ^ Dumitru, Adrian George (November 30, 2015), "Some thoughts about Seleucid Thrace in the 3rd century BC", The Danubian Lands between the Black, Aegean and Adriatic Seas, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, pp. 293–298, doi:10.2307/j.ctvr43k44.46, ISBN 978-1-78491-193-5, retrieved May 27, 2021
- ^ "Attalus II Philadelphus". Encyclopædia Britannica. February 13, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2024.