Events in 1896 in animation.
Events
- March 14 - W. Symons received British Patent No. 5,759 for a technique that was used about two years later for the oldest known publication that used a line-sheet to create the illusion of motion in pictures.[1] It is an early use of stereography.
- May - Auguste Berthier published an article about the history of stereoscopic images in French scientific magazine Le Cosmos, which included his method of creating an autostereogram.[2] Alternating strips from the left and right image of a traditional stereoscopic negative had to be recomposed as an interlaced image, preferably during the printing of the image on paper. A glass plate with opaque lines had to be fixed in front of the interlaced print with a few millimeters in between, so the lines on the screen formed a parallax barrier: from the right distance and angle each eye could only see the photographic strips shot from the corresponding angle. The article was illustrated with a diagram of the principle, an image of the two parts of a stereoscopic photograph divided into exaggerated wide bands, and the same strips recomposed as an interlaced image. Berthier's idea was hardly noticed.[3]
Births
January
- January 24 - Yasuji Murata, Japanese animator, master of cutout animation, (produced dozens of mostly educational films, featuring characters such as Momotarō and Norakuro). (d. 1966)[4][5]
June
- June 21 - Bob McCay, American cartoonist, illustrator, comic book colorist and inker, (assistant for his father Winsor McCay. he received sole credit for several of his father's cartoons, including an animated film). (d. 1962) [6][7][8]
July
- July 2 - Quirino Cristiani, Italian-born Argentine animation director and cartoonist, created the world's first two animated feature films, and the first animated feature film with sound, pioneer of cutout animation, (El Apóstol, 'Sin dejar rastros, Firpo-Brennan, Peludópolis, El mono relojero).
May
- May 18 - Hans Fischerkoesen, German commercial animator, pioneered the use of three-dimensional elements in animation, (Verwitterte Melodie (Weather-Beaten Melody), Der Schneemann (The Snowman), Das dumme Gänslein (The Silly Goose) ). (d. 1973)[9][10][11]
November
- November 3 - Gustaf Tenggren, Swedish-American animator and illustrator, (chief illustrator for Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, animator for Bambi and Pinocchio, background artit for The Ugly Duckling and The Old Mill). (d. 1970)[12][13][14]
References
- ^ Hopwood, Henry V. (August 21, 1899). "Living pictures; their history, photoproduction and practical working. With a digest of British patents and annotated bibliography". London Optician & Photographic Trades Review – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Berthier, Auguste (May 16 and 23, 1896). "Images stéréoscopiques de grand format" (in French). Cosmos 34 (590, 591): 205–210, 227-233 (see 229–231)
- ^ Timby, Kim (May 1, 2001). "Images en relief et images changeantes. La photographie à réseau ligné". Études photographiques (9): 124–143 – via journals.openedition.org.
- ^ Sharp, Jasper (September 23, 2004). "Pioneers of Japanese Animation (Part 1)". Midnight Eye. Retrieved 12 December 2009.
- ^ Official booklet, The Roots of Japanese Anime, DVD, Zakka Films, 2009.
- ^ Canemaker, John (2005). Winsor McCay: His Life and Art. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-5941-0. page #?
- ^ Bob McCay at the Lambiek Comiclopedia
- ^ McCay, Bob at Bails, Jerry, and Hames Ware, Who's Who in American Comic Books 1929–1999
- ^ Bendazzi, G. (2015). Animation: A world history. Volume I: Foundations - the golden age. London: Focal Press. pp. 240–256. doi:10.4324/9781315721057. ISBN 9781317520832. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Klatt, O. "Animated Success: The Life of Germany's Own Walt Disney". spiegel.de. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ Moritz, W. "The Case of Hans Fischerkoesen". www.awn.com. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
- ^ "GUSTAF A. TENGGREN, CHILDREN'S ARTIST". The New York Times. 9 April 1970. Retrieved 2018-11-05.
- ^ Conrad, JoAnn. Fantasy Imaginaries and Landscapes of Desire: Gustaf Tenggren’s Forgotten Decades
- ^ John Canemaker, Before the animation begins : the art and lives of Disney inspirational sketch artists, New York : Hyperion, 1996 ISBN 978-0-7868-6152-1