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|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]] |
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]] |
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Leavenworth County, Kansas|Leavenworth]] |
|subdivision_name2 = [[Leavenworth County, Kansas|Leavenworth]] |
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|government_footnotes = |
|government_footnotes = <ref>http://www.lvks.org/department/index.asp?fDD=12-0</ref> |
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|government_type = |
|government_type = Mayor/Council |
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|leader_title = |
|leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
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|leader_name = |
|leader_name = Laura Janas Gasbarre |
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|leader_title1 = |
|leader_title1 = [[Vice Mayor|Mayor Pro-tem]] |
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|leader_name1 = |
|leader_name1 = Mark Preisinger |
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|leader_title2 = [[City Manager]] |
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|leader_name2 = J. Scott Miller |
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|leader_title3 = [[City Clerk]] |
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|leader_name3 = Karen J. Logan |
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|established_title = Founded |
|established_title = Founded |
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|established_date = 1854 |
|established_date = 1854 |
Revision as of 00:52, 3 May 2013
Leavenworth, Kansas | |
---|---|
Motto: The first city of Kansas | |
Country | United States |
State | Kansas |
County | Leavenworth |
Founded | 1854 |
Incorporated | 1855 |
Government | |
• Type | Mayor/Council |
• Mayor | Laura Janas Gasbarre |
• Mayor Pro-tem | Mark Preisinger |
• City Manager | J. Scott Miller |
• City Clerk | Karen J. Logan |
Area | |
• Total | 24.06 sq mi (62.32 km2) |
• Land | 24.04 sq mi (62.26 km2) |
• Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2) |
Elevation | 840 ft (256 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 35,251 |
• Estimate (2011[4]) | 35,675 |
• Density | 1,466.3/sq mi (566.1/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
ZIP codes | 66043, 66048 |
Area code | 913 |
FIPS code | 20-39000Template:GR |
GNIS feature ID | 0478411Template:GR |
Website | www.LVKS.org |
Leavenworth is the largest city in and the county seat of Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States. Located on the west bank of the Missouri River 25 mi (40 km) northwest of Kansas City, Missouri, it is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.[5][6] As of the 2010 census, the city population was 35,251.[7]
History
Leavenworth, founded in 1854, was the first incorporated city in Kansas. The city is located south of Fort Leavenworth, the oldest active Army post west of the Mississippi, which was established in 1827 by Colonel Henry Leavenworth. The fort was located outside the city limits of Leavenworth until it was annexed by the city on April 12, 1977. It is currently home to the Combined Arms Center, the Intellectual Center of the Army, the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, and the Mission Command Center of Excellence. Leavenworth is the home of many detention centers and prisons, including the Leavenworth federal prison for which the city is most famous, and several smaller jails and prisons, including the city and county jails, a Federal Detention Center, and the military's only maximum security prison, the United States Disciplinary Barracks which is inside the Military Corrections Complex that also includes the Joint Regional Correctional Facility, a pre- and post-trial detention facility built in 2010.[8] The very large Kansas State Penitentiary and a state medium security prison are also located nearby.
Beneath the city appears to be another one entirely: a recently publicized underground series of "vaults" is thought to have been used for commerce, fugitives, or slaves.[9]
Leavenworth is home to University of Saint Mary, operated by the Sisters of Charity.
Geography
Leavenworth is located at 39°18′40″N 94°55′21″W / 39.31111°N 94.92250°W (39.3111112, −94.9224637) at an elevation of 840 feet (256 m).Template:GR The city lies on the west bank of the Missouri River in the Dissected Till Plains region of North America's Central Lowlands.[10][11] Four small tributaries of the river flow generally east through the city. From north to south, these are Quarry Creek, Corral Creek, Three Mile Creek, and Five Mile Creek.[12] Located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of U.S. Route 73 and Kansas Highway 92 (K-92), Leavenworth is 25 mi (40 km) northwest of downtown Kansas City, 145 mi (233 km) south-southeast of Omaha, and 165 mi (266 km) northeast of Wichita.[5][10]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.06 square miles (62.32 km2), of which, 24.04 square miles (62.26 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water.[2] Fort Leavenworth occupies the northern half of the city's area.[12]
Leavenworth, along with the rest of Leavenworth County, lies within the Kansas City metropolitan area.[6] It borders another city, Lansing, Kansas, to the south.[12]
Climate
Lying in the transition zone between North America's humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) and humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), Leavenworth experiences hot, humid summers and cold, drier winters. The average temperature in Leavenworth is 55 °F (13 °C).[13] Over the course of a year, temperatures range from an average low of 19 °F (−7 °C) in January to an average high of 90 °F (32 °C) in July.[14] The high temperature reaches or exceeds 90 °F (32 °C) an average of 43 days per year and reaches or exceeds 100 °F (38 °C) an average of four days per year. The minimum temperature falls below the freezing point 32 °F (0 °C) an average of 107 days per year. Typically, the first fall freeze occurs by the third week of October, and the last spring freeze occurs by the second week of April.[13] In an average year, Leavenworth experiences 89.7 days with measurable precipitation and receives 42.97 inches (1,091 mm) of precipitation.[13][14] Annual snowfall averages 16.1 inches (41 cm).[14] Measurable snowfall occurs an average of eight days per year with at least an inch of snow being received on five of those days. Snow depth of at least an inch occurs an average of 15 days a year.[13] On average, January is the coldest month, July is the hottest month, and June is the wettest month. The hottest temperature recorded in Leavenworth was 110 °F (43 °C) in 1954; the coldest temperature recorded was -27 °F (-33 °C) in 1989.[14]
Climate data for Leavenworth, Kansas | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 74 (23) |
81 (27) |
87 (31) |
93 (34) |
97 (36) |
106 (41) |
110 (43) |
108 (42) |
104 (40) |
95 (35) |
84 (29) |
70 (21) |
110 (43) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 39 (4) |
45 (7) |
56 (13) |
67 (19) |
76 (24) |
85 (29) |
90 (32) |
88 (31) |
80 (27) |
68 (20) |
54 (12) |
41 (5) |
66 (19) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 30 (−1) |
35 (2) |
45 (7) |
55 (13) |
65 (18) |
74 (23) |
79 (26) |
78 (26) |
68 (20) |
57 (14) |
44 (7) |
32 (0) |
55 (13) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 19 (−7) |
24 (−4) |
33 (1) |
43 (6) |
54 (12) |
63 (17) |
69 (21) |
67 (19) |
57 (14) |
46 (8) |
33 (1) |
23 (−5) |
44 (7) |
Record low °F (°C) | −17 (−27) |
−19 (−28) |
−10 (−23) |
4 (−16) |
27 (−3) |
42 (6) |
45 (7) |
41 (5) |
30 (−1) |
18 (−8) |
−2 (−19) |
−27 (−33) |
−27 (−33) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.03 (26) |
1.53 (39) |
2.74 (70) |
4.04 (103) |
5.38 (137) |
5.92 (150) |
5.20 (132) |
4.49 (114) |
4.82 (122) |
3.78 (96) |
2.45 (62) |
1.59 (40) |
42.97 (1,091) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 4.4 (11) |
5.3 (13) |
1.7 (4.3) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.2 (0.51) |
0.7 (1.8) |
3.8 (9.7) |
16.1 (40.31) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 4.7 | 5.1 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 11.2 | 9.9 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 89.7 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 7.9 |
Source: National Weather Service;[13] The Weather Channel[14] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 7,429 | — | |
1870 | 17,873 | 140.6% | |
1880 | 16,546 | −7.4% | |
1890 | 19,768 | 19.5% | |
1900 | 20,735 | 4.9% | |
1910 | 19,363 | −6.6% | |
1920 | 16,912 | −12.7% | |
1930 | 17,466 | 3.3% | |
1940 | 19,220 | 10.0% | |
1950 | 20,579 | 7.1% | |
1960 | 22,052 | 7.2% | |
1970 | 25,147 | 14.0% | |
1980 | 33,656 | 33.8% | |
1990 | 38,495 | 14.4% | |
2000 | 35,420 | −8.0% | |
2010 | 35,251 | −0.5% | |
2010 census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 35,251 people, 12,256 households, and 8,129 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,466.2 people per square mile (566.1/km²). There were 13,670 housing units at an average density of 568.6 per square mile (219.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 75.4% White, 15.1% African American, 0.9% American Indian, 1.8% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 2.0% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos of any race were 8.1% of the population.[7]
There were 12,256 households of which 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.7% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.7% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55, and the average family size was 3.15.[7]
The median age in the city was 34.8 years. 26% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.6% were from 25 to 44; 23.9% were from 45 to 64; and 10% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 53.9% male and 46.1% female.[7]
The median income for a household in the city was $49,823, and the median income for a family was $61,576. Males had a median income of $49,693 versus $30,888 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,102. About 9.8% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.4% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.[7]
Economy
As of 2010, 58.6% of the population over the age of 16 was in the labor force. 7.8% was in the armed forces, and 50.8% was in the civilian labor force with 47.0% being employed and 3.8% unemployed. The composition, by occupation, of the employed civilian labor force was: 34.5% in management, business, science, and arts; 22.8% in sales and office occupations; 23.2% in service occupations; 8.4% in natural resources, construction, and maintenance; 11.0% in production, transportation, and material moving. The three industries employing the largest percentages of the working civilian labor force were: educational services, health care, and social assistance (22.7%); public administration (15.6%); and retail trade (13.0%).[7] The U.S. military at Fort Leavenworth is the city's largest employer, employing roughly 5,600 people, followed by Leavenworth Public Schools and the Department of Veteran Affairs Eastern Kansas Health Care System.[15]
The cost of living in Leavenworth is below average; compared to a U.S. average of 100, the cost of living index for the city is 87.1.[16] As of 2010, the median home value in the city was $124,200, the median selected monthly owner cost was $1,282 for housing units with a mortgage and $428 for those without, and the median gross rent was $762.[7]
Government
Leavenworth is a city of the first class with a commission-manager form of government.[17] The city commission is the city's governing body and consists of five members, including the mayor and the mayor pro-tem. It sets city policies, adopts the city government's annual operating budget, and appoints city boards, commissions, and officials, including the city manager. Commissioners are elected to either four-year or two-year terms, one is appointed to serve as mayor, and another to serve as mayor pro-tem.[18] The commission meets on the second and fourth Tuesday of each month.[17] The city manager is the city's chief executive, responsible for the day-to-day administration of the city government. The manager supervises all city government departments and employees, prepares and proposes the annual operating budget, and recommends policies to the city commission.[19]
As the county seat, Leavenworth is the administrative center of Leavenworth County. The county courthouse is located downtown, and all departments of the county government base their operations in the city.[20]
Leavenworth lies within Kansas's 2nd U.S. Congressional District. For the purposes of representation in the Kansas Legislature, the city is located in the 5th district of the Kansas Senate and the 40th, 41st, and 42nd districts of the Kansas House of Representatives.[17]
Leavenworth is the home of a Consolidated Mail Outpatient Pharmacy (CMOP). It is part of an initiative by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs to provide mail order prescriptions to veterans using computerization at strategic locations throughout the United States.
Education
Primary and secondary education
Two public school districts serve the city. Fort Leavenworth USD 207 encompasses Fort Leavenworth and operates three elementary schools and one junior high school.[21] The remainder of the city lies within USD 453, Leavenworth Public Schools, which operates seven schools: four elementary schools, one intermediate school, one middle school, and Leavenworth High School.[22] Senior high school students from Fort Leavenworth attend Leavenworth High School.[23]
There are also three private schools in Leavenworth. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas oversees two Catholic schools: Xavier Elementary School (Grades Pre-K-8) and Immaculata High School (9-12).[24] The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod operates one Lutheran school, St. Paul Lutheran School (Pre-K-8).[25]
Colleges and universities
The University of Saint Mary, a four-year, private Catholic university, has its main campus in Leavenworth.[26]
Media
The Leavenworth Times is the city's daily newspaper with a circulation of roughly 5,500 copies.[27] In addition, the U.S. Army publishes the Fort Leavenworth Lamp, a weekly newspaper covering local military news.[28]
Leavenworth is in the Kansas City radio and television markets.[29][30] Two radio stations are licensed to the city: KKLO broadcasts from Leavenworth on 1410 AM, playing a religious format; KQRC-FM broadcasts from Mission, Kansas, on 98.9 FM, playing a rock format.[31]
Culture
Religion
In the mid to late 19th century Leavenworth had one of the largest Jewish communities in Kansas.[32] Leavenworth had multiple orthodox congregations by 1870, many of these Jews ultimately intermarried and over generations became Christian.[33]
Notable people
Notable individuals who were born in and/or have lived in Leavenworth include:
- Daniel Read Anthony, abolitionist, newspaper publisher, mayor in 1863, brother of suffragist Susan B. Anthony
- Hilda Clark, American actress and model
- Buffalo Bill Cody, soldier, buffalo hunter and wild west showman
- Harold Coyle, author
- Robert E. Davis, Kansas Supreme Court Justice
- Neil Dougherty, basketball coach
- Melissa Etheridge, musician
- Fred Harvey, prolific restaurateur
- Wild Bill Hickok, soldier, lawman, gunfighter
- Ron Logan, former Executive Vice President of Walt Disney Entertainment
- Sean Malto, Pro Skateboarder
- Andrew Nisbet, Jr., member of the Washington House of Representatives and United States Army officer
- Wayne Simien, basketball player (Miami Heat)
- Randy Sparks, Musician, Entertainer (New Christy Minstrels)
- Elizabeth Vargas, television journalist (ABC)
- Chet Brewer, baseball player, scout and manager
Sister cities
References
- ^ http://www.lvks.org/department/index.asp?fDD=12-0
- ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|publisher=
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|publisher=
- ^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-03.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|publisher=
- ^ a b "City Distance Tool". Geobytes. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b "State and Metropolitan Area Data Book: 2010" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 201. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b c d e f g "American FactFinder 2". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-18.
- ^ www.ftleavenworthlamp.com
- ^ "Mystery Surrounds Leavenworth's Underground City". KCTV5. 2008-08-07. Retrieved 2008-08-24.
- ^ a b "2003-2004 Official Transportation Map" (PDF). Kansas Department of Transportation. 2003. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "Phase I Environmental Assessment" (PDF). Tetra Tech, Inc. July 2009. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b c "City of Leavenworth (map)" (PDF). Kansas Department of Transportation. August 2008. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b c d e "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service Forecast Office - Kansas City/Pleasant Hill. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b c d e "Average weather for Leavenworth, KS". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "Leading Employers". Leavenworth County Development Council. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
- ^ "Leavenworth, Kansas". City-Data.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ a b c "Leavenworth". Directory of Kansas Public Officials. The League of Kansas Municipalities. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "City Commission". City of Leavenworth, Kansas. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "City Manager". City of Leavenworth, Kansas. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "Leavenworth County". Leavenworth County, Kansas. Retrieved 2012-07-05.
- ^ "Fort Leavenworth USD 207". Fort Leavenworth School District. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "Leavenworth USD 453 Home". Leavenworth Public Schools. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "Schools". U.S. Army Garrison - Fort Leavenworth. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "Catholic Schools". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "St. Paul Lutheran School". St. Paul Lutheran Church. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "University of Saint Mary". Best Colleges. U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ "Leavenworth Times". Mondo Times. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "Fort Leavenworth Lamp". Mondo Times. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "2009 Arbitron Radio Metro Map" (PDF). Arbitron. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
- ^ "Kansas City TV Market (map)". EchoStar Knowledge Base. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ "Radio Stations in Leavenworth, Kansas". Radio-Locator. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
- ^ http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/9695-leavenworth
- ^ http://web.ku.edu/~ksreligion/docs/history/judaism.pdf
- ^ "Sister Cities". Wagga Wagga City Council. Retrieved 2008-08-24.
Further reading
- County
- History of Leavenworth County Kansas; Jesse Hall and LeRoy Hand; Historical Publishing; 684 pages; 1921. (Download 27MB PDF eBook)
- Kansas
- History of the State of Kansas; William G. Cutler; A.T. Andreas Publisher; 1883. (Online HTML eBook)
- Kansas : A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc; 3 Volumes; Frank W. Blackmar; Standard Publishing Co; 944 / 955 / 824 pages; 1912. (Volume1 - Download 54MB PDF eBook),(Volume2 - Download 53MB PDF eBook), (Volume3 - Download 33MB PDF eBook)
External links
- City
- City of Leavenworth
- Leavenworth - Directory of Public Officials
- Leavenworth Area Development Corporation
- Underground City Beneath Leavenworth
- Federal
- Schools
- USD 453, local schol district
- Historical
- Maps
- Leavenworth City Map, KDOT
- Leavenworth County Map, KDOT