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== Mosques == |
== Mosques == |
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[[File:Minarets poster 1.jpg|thumb|Swiss anti-minaret poster, similar to posters spread in Warsaw]] |
[[File:Minarets poster 1.jpg|thumb|Swiss anti-minaret poster, similar to posters spread in Warsaw]] |
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In 2010, a group called ''Europe of the Future'' (Europa Przyszłości) organized protests against construction of the first purpose build mosque in the [[Ochota]] district of Warsaw. Prior to the protest, the group distributed posters resembling prior [[2009 Swiss minaret referendum#Poster campaign|Swiss posters]] with a niqab clad woman and minarets resembling missiles.<ref name="Narkowicz2018">[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1194744 Narkowicz, Kasia, and Konrad Pędziwiatr. "From unproblematic to contentious: mosques in Poland." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43.3 (2017): 441-457.]</ref> |
In 2010, a group called ''Europe of the Future'' (Europa Przyszłości){{who}} organized protests against construction of the first purpose build mosque in the [[Ochota]] district of Warsaw. Prior to the protest, the group distributed posters resembling prior [[2009 Swiss minaret referendum#Poster campaign|Swiss posters]] with a niqab clad woman and minarets resembling missiles.<ref name="Narkowicz2018">[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1194744 Narkowicz, Kasia, and Konrad Pędziwiatr. "From unproblematic to contentious: mosques in Poland." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43.3 (2017): 441-457.]</ref> |
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== Attitude of Catholic Church == |
== Attitude of Catholic Church == |
Revision as of 09:49, 5 August 2019
Part of a series on |
Islamophobia |
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Islamophobia in Poland is the fear, hatred of, or prejudice against the Islamic religion or Muslims in Poland. According to a 2015 estimate, Muslims in Poland are estimated to number between 25,000 to 40,000 people or some 0.1% of the population, and are composed of Lipka Tatars (dating back to the 14th century) as well as recent migrants.[1] During communist rule the censorship office barred unfavorable portrayals of Muslims due to Poland's geopolitical alignment with Arab countries during this period.[2]
Following the European migrant crisis, Islamophobia has been on the rise in Poland according to Dr. Konrad Pedziwiatr.[3] As of 2018 Poland exhibits one of the highest rates of Islamophobia in Europe.[2]
Polls
Whereas the normal age distribution of prejudice is tilted towards older people, the opposite is true in Poland: A 2015 opinion poll showed 59 percent of 18 to 24 years associated Islam with dangers contrasted with 37 percent of those older than 65.[1] According to a 2016 poll, Poles significantly overestimate the size of the small Muslim community, believing that there are 2.6 million Muslims in Poland and that the Muslim population is expected to increase to 5 million (13 percent of the population) by 2020.[2]
In a 2018 poll of Catholic seminary students, 75 percent said they had no contact with Muslims. On a negative/positive scale of +50 to -50, students placed Catholicism at 44, Orthodox Christianity at 23, Islam at -8.4, and Jehovah's Witnesses at -10.2. 80 percent responded that Islam encourages violence, a notion that extends to individual Muslims which 80 percent viewed as more aggressive than non-Muslims. Almost 80 percent of future priests indicated that Muslims mistreat Women. Some 44 percent supported (partially or fully) the banning of Islam in Poland.[2]
Mosques
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9d/Minarets_poster_1.jpg)
In 2010, a group called Europe of the Future (Europa Przyszłości)[who?] organized protests against construction of the first purpose build mosque in the Ochota district of Warsaw. Prior to the protest, the group distributed posters resembling prior Swiss posters with a niqab clad woman and minarets resembling missiles.[4]
Attitude of Catholic Church
While Pope Francis has called for Catholic communities to aid refugees, this call has not been well received in Poland. Some Polish bishops have questioned the papal call, and some younger priests have taken an active role in anti-Muslim and anti-refugee protests. This has contributed to Islamophobia moving from the fringes to mainstream discourse in Poland.[2]
While the moderate wing of the Catholic Church has espoused toleration, conservative voices, associated with the conservative wing of the Church, expressed in Fronda.pl and Polonia Christiana (PCh24.pl) have been significant in their contribution to the stereotyping of refugees and Muslims.[2]
Events
In 2016, the wSieci magazine ran a cover with a white women assaulted by dark males under the title "The Islamic rape of Europe" which evoked outrage,[5] and has been compared to WWII propaganda with the same imagery.[1][6]
In May, 2016, shortly before the World Youth Day 2016, police in Kraków asked foreigners, mainly among the Muslim community, in the city if they “knew any terrorists"[7] The Polish Ombudsman's office released statement that such actions are offensive and unacceptable.
References
- ^ a b c Goździak, Elżbieta M., and Péter Márton. "Where the wild things are: Fear of Islam and the anti-refugee rhetoric in Hungary and in Poland." Central and Eastern European Migration Review 17.2 (2018): 125-151.
- ^ a b c d e f Pędziwiatr, Konrad. "The Catholic Church in Poland on Muslims and Islam." Patterns of Prejudice 52.5 (2018): 461-478.
- ^ How big an issue is Islamophobia in Poland?, Shafik Mandhai, Al Jazeera, 14 November 2017
- ^ Narkowicz, Kasia, and Konrad Pędziwiatr. "From unproblematic to contentious: mosques in Poland." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43.3 (2017): 441-457.
- ^ Polish magazine's 'Islamic rape of Europe' cover sparks outrage, The Guardian, 16 February 2016
- ^ The so-called 'Islamic rape of Europe' is part of a long and racist history, Washington Post, 16 February 2016
- ^ S.A., Wirtualna Polska Media. "Wiadomości z kraju i ze świata – wszystko co ważne – WP". wiadomosci.wp.pl. Archived from the original on 2016-05-23. Retrieved 2016-05-23.
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